UGT2B7

UGT2B7
Available structures PDB Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2O6L
Identifiers
Aliases	UGT2B7 , UDPGT 2B9, UDPGT2B7, UDPGTH2, UGT2B9, UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B7, UDPGT 2B7, UDPGTh-2
External IDs	OMIM: 600068 MGI: 3576103 HomoloGene: 128251 GeneCards: UGT2B7
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 4 (human) [1] Band 4q13.2 Start 69,051,363 bp [1] End 69,112,987 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 5 (mouse) [2] Band 5|5 E1 Start 87,213,786 bp [2] End 87,240,414 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in liver right lobe of liver kidney duodenum metanephric glomerulus right uterine tube endometrium gallbladder body of pancreas islet of Langerhans Top expressed in left lobe of liver morula duodenum jejunum ileum Paneth cell yolk sac large intestine colon sexually immature organism More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function glycosyltransferase activity transferase activity glucuronosyltransferase activity retinoic acid binding hexosyltransferase activity UDP-glycosyltransferase activity Cellular component integral component of membrane organelle membrane endoplasmic reticulum membrane membrane intracellular membrane-bounded organelle endoplasmic reticulum Biological process steroid metabolic process metabolism cellular glucuronidation androgen metabolic process lipid metabolism Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 7364 231396 Ensembl ENSG00000171234 ENSMUSG00000070704 UniProt P16662 n/a RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001074 NM_001330719 NM_001349568 NM_001029867 RefSeq (protein) NP_001065 NP_001317648 NP_001336497 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 4: 69.05 – 69.11 Mb Chr 5: 87.21 – 87.24 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

UGT2B7 (UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase-2B7) is a phase II metabolism isoenzyme found to be active in the liver, kidneys, epithelial cells of the lower gastrointestinal tract and also has been reported in the brain. In humans, UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase-2B7 is encoded by the UGT2B7 gene. ^{[5] [6]}

Function

The UGTs serve a major role in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. UGT2B7 has unique specificity for 3,4-catechol estrogens and estriol, suggesting that it may play an important role in regulating the level and activity of these potent estrogen metabolites.

This enzyme is located on the endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear membranes of cells. Its function is to catalyse the conjugation of a wide variety of lipophilic aglycon substrates with glucuronic acid, using uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid.

Together with UGT2B4, UGT2B7 is capable of glucosidation of hyodesoxycholic acid in the liver, but, unlike the 2B4 isoform, 2B7 is also able to glucuronidate various steroid hormones (androsterone, epitestosterone) and fatty acids. ^{[7] [8]} It is also able to conjugate major classes of drugs such as analgesics (morphine), carboxylic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ketoprofen), and anticarcinogens (all-trans retinoic acid). ^[8] UGT2B7 is the major enzyme isoform responsible for the metabolism of morphine, codeine, norcodeine and other opiates to their corresponding 3- and 6- glucuronides. For example, morphine metabolism produces morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G) which has no analgesic effect and morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G), ^[9] which has analgesic effects more potent than morphine. ^[10] As a consequence, altered UGT2B7 activity can significantly affect both the effectiveness and side-effects of morphine, as well as some related opiate drugs. ^{[11] [12] [13] [14] [15]}

Structure

Two protein domains (left, orange-yellow, and right, green-blue) dimerize to form UGT2B7. Both domains contain Rossmann-like folds, beta sheets (arrows) surrounded by alpha helices (spirals), which bind UDP-glucuronic acid.

No structure of a full human UGT enzyme has been determined yet, however Miley et al. resolved a partial UGT2B7 structure of the C-terminal portion showing two dimeric domains with Rossman-like folds in complex. ^{[16] [17]} The Rossman fold typically binds nucleotide substrates, in this case the UDP-glucuronic acid cofactor involved in glucuronidation by UGT2B7. Generally, the C-terminus of UGT enzymes is highly conserved and binds the UDP-glucuronic acid cofactor, while the N-terminus (not resolved in this structure) is responsible for substrate binding. ^[18] This first resolved structure indicated that the C-terminus of one of the two dimers projected into the UDP-glucuronic acid binding site of the second dimer, thus rendering the second dimer ineffective.

Further studies have investigated dimerization of UGT enzyme polymorphisms and found both homodimer and heterodimer (with genetic polymorphisms of UGT2B7 or other UGT enzymes such as UGT1A1) formation are possible, with some combinations having an effect on enzyme activity. ^[19]

Genetic polymorphism

UGT2B7 is considered to be a highly polymorphic gene. ^[19] Various research efforts have investigated the potential effect of these polymorphic variants on glucuronidation activity of UGT2B7 and especially its clearance of administered drugs, including anticancer therapies. Decreased glucuronidation activity by genetically variant UGT2B7 could lead to increased toxicity due to elevated levels of the drug remaining or accumulating in a patient's organs especially liver, while increased activity could mean lower efficacy of the administered therapy due to lower than expected levels in the body.

One study found that Han Chinese dye-industry workers exposed to benzidine were at higher risk for developing bladder cancer if they had the UGT2B7 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) C802T encoding His268Tyr. ^[20] The histidine to tyrosine mutation at residue 268 is located in the N-terminal portion of UGT2B7, which binds the xenobiotic substrate as opposed to the C-terminus which binds UDP-glucuronic acid. The speculated mechanism for this increased cancer risk involved increased glucuronidation of benzidine by the mutant UGT2B7 followed by cleavage of the glucuronidated benzidine at urine pH levels, releasing higher concentrations of benzidine in the bladder. Another study looked for a similar association of variant UGT2B7 G900A with the risk of colorectal cancer but found no significant association. ^[21]

A study of erlotinib clearance in non-small cell lung cancer patients showed no statistical significance for SNPs of UGT2B7, which potentially metabolizes erlotinib as indicated by erlotinib inhibition of UGT2B7. ^[22] An investigation into the clearance of diclofenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can cause serious drug-induced liver injury, showed that mutant UGT2B7 with the C802T SNP had a 6-fold lower clearance of diclofenac than wild-type UGT2B7, possibly contributing to increased liver toxicity in patients with this mutation. ^[23] Analysis of genetic polymorphisms of UGT2B7 in anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury (ATLI) found no association between mutations of UGT2B7 and ATLI in the studied population. ^[24]

UGT2B7 is also known to be involved in the metabolism of opioids via glucuronidation, and a study investigating the effect of polymorphisms on the analgesic efficacy of buprenorphine found that the mutation C802T significantly worsened the analgesic response to buprenorphine after thoracic surgery, particularly at longer time-points (48 hours) where this long-lasting opioid is meant to remain effective. ^[25] This same variant was found separately to have significant effects on the blood plasma concentration of valproic acid administered to epilepsy patients, which may account for some of the individual variability seen with this narrow-therapeutic window treatment. ^[26] Both of these cases indicate decreased concentrations of drug compound probably due to increased glucuronidation activity of UGT2B7 with the C802T polymorphism.

Summary of some of the recent published effects of the UGT2B7*2 (C802T) polymorphism.

Since UGT2B7 is involved in glucuronidation of many xenobiotic compounds, and polymorphisms of UGT2B7 are prevalent, investigation into potential effects of polymorphisms of UGT2B7 on clearance of pharmacologically relevant compounds is often of interest, as shown by the variety of studies undertaken. The UGT2B7 C802T polymorphism, for example, has been noted at 73% prevalence in Asians and 46% prevalence in Caucasians; therefore, effects of this polymorphism could impact a large portion of the population. ^[27] However, not all studies find significant changes in clearance due to these genetic polymorphisms. It is not always clear if this is due to the particular polymorphism not affecting enzyme activity of UGT2B7, or because the compound of interest is metabolized by various routes that can mask any differences due to changes in UGT2B7 activity.

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000171234 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000070704 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Ritter JK, Sheen YY, Owens IS (May 1990). "Cloning and expression of human liver UDP-glucuronosyltransferase in COS-1 cells. 3,4-catechol estrogens and estriol as primary substrates". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 265 (14): 7900–6. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)39016-7 . PMID   2159463.
6. Monaghan G, Clarke DJ, Povey S, See CG, Boxer M, Burchell B (September 1994). "Isolation of a human YAC contig encompassing a cluster of UGT2 genes and its regional localization to chromosome 4q13". Genomics. 23 (2): 496–9. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1531. PMID   7835904.
7. Mackenzie P, Little JM, Radominska-Pandya A (February 2003). "Glucosidation of hyodeoxycholic acid by UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7". Biochemical Pharmacology. 65 (3): 417–21. doi:10.1016/S0006-2952(02)01522-8. PMID   12527334.
8. Barre L, Fournel-Gigleux S, Finel M, Netter P, Magdalou J, Ouzzine M (March 2007). "Substrate specificity of the human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase UGT2B4 and UGT2B7. Identification of a critical aromatic amino acid residue at position 33". The FEBS Journal. 274 (5): 1256–64. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.05670.x . PMID   17263731. S2CID   27151203.
9. Coffman BL, Rios GR, King CD, Tephly TR (January 1997). "Human UGT2B7 catalyzes morphine glucuronidation". Drug Metabolism and Disposition. 25 (1): 1–4. PMID   9010622.
10. van Dorp EL, Romberg R, Sarton E, Bovill JG, Dahan A (June 2006). "Morphine-6-glucuronide: morphine's successor for postoperative pain relief?". Anesthesia and Analgesia. 102 (6): 1789–97. doi: 10.1213/01.ane.0000217197.96784.c3 . PMID   16717327. S2CID   18890026.
11. Coller JK, Christrup LL, Somogyi AA (February 2009). "Role of active metabolites in the use of opioids". European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 65 (2): 121–39. doi:10.1007/s00228-008-0570-y. PMID   18958460. S2CID   9977741.
12. Fujita K, Ando Y, Yamamoto W, Miya T, Endo H, Sunakawa Y, Araki K, Kodama K, Nagashima F, Ichikawa W, Narabayashi M, Akiyama Y, Kawara K, Shiomi M, Ogata H, Iwasa H, Okazaki Y, Hirose T, Sasaki Y (January 2010). "Association of UGT2B7 and ABCB1 genotypes with morphine-induced adverse drug reactions in Japanese patients with cancer". Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology. 65 (2): 251–8. doi:10.1007/s00280-009-1029-2. PMID   19466410. S2CID   2712957.
13. Abildskov K, Weldy P, Garland M (April 2010). "Molecular cloning of the baboon UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B gene family and their activity in conjugating morphine". Drug Metabolism and Disposition. 38 (4): 545–53. doi:10.1124/dmd.109.030635. PMC   2845934 . PMID   20071451.
14. Pergolizzi JV, Raffa RB, Gould E (September 2009). "Considerations on the use of oxymorphone in geriatric patients". Expert Opinion on Drug Safety. 8 (5): 603–13. doi:10.1517/14740330903153854. PMID   19614559. S2CID   12446624.
15. Rouguieg K, Picard N, Sauvage FL, Gaulier JM, Marquet P (January 2010). "Contribution of the different UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) isoforms to buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine metabolism and relationship with the main UGT polymorphisms in a bank of human liver microsomes". Drug Metabolism and Disposition. 38 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1124/dmd.109.029546. PMID   19841060. S2CID   17826299.
16. Lampe JN (2017). "Advances in the Understanding of Protein-Protein Interactions in Drug Metabolizing Enzymes through the Use of Biophysical Techniques". Frontiers in Pharmacology. 8: 521. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00521 . PMC   5550701 . PMID   28848438.
17. Miley MJ, Zielinska AK, Keenan JE, Bratton SM, Radominska-Pandya A, Redinbo MR (June 2007). "Crystal structure of the cofactor-binding domain of the human phase II drug-metabolism enzyme UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7". Journal of Molecular Biology. 369 (2): 498–511. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2007.03.066. PMC   1976284 . PMID   17442341.
18. Yuan L, Qian S, Xiao Y, Sun H, Zeng S (May 2015). "Homo- and hetero-dimerization of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 (UGT2B7) wild type and its allelic variants affect zidovudine glucuronidation activity". Biochemical Pharmacology. 95 (1): 58–70. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2015.03.002. PMID   25770680.
19. Yuan LM, Gao ZZ, Sun HY, Qian SN, Xiao YS, Sun LL, Zeng S (November 2016). "Inter-isoform Hetero-dimerization of Human UDP-Glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) 1A1, 1A9, and 2B7 and Impacts on Glucuronidation Activity". Scientific Reports. 6: 34450. Bibcode:2016NatSR...634450Y. doi:10.1038/srep34450. PMC   5114717 . PMID   27857056.
20. Lin GF, Guo WC, Chen JG, Qin YQ, Golka K, Xiang CQ, Ma QW, Lu DR, Shen JH (May 2005). "An association of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 C802T (His268Tyr) polymorphism with bladder cancer in benzidine-exposed workers in China". Toxicological Sciences. 85 (1): 502–6. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfi068 . PMID   15615884.
21. Falkowski S, Woillard JB, Postil D, Tubiana-Mathieu N, Terrebonne E, Pariente A, Smith D, Guimbaud R, Thalamas C, Rouguieg-Malki K, Marquet P, Picard N (December 2017). "Common variants in glucuronidation enzymes and membrane transporters as potential risk factors for colorectal cancer: a case control study". BMC Cancer. 17 (1): 901. doi:10.1186/s12885-017-3728-0. PMC   5745594 . PMID   29282011.
22. Endo-Tsukude C, Sasaki JI, Saeki S, Iwamoto N, Inaba M, Ushijima S, Kishi H, Fujii S, Semba H, Kashiwabara K, Tsubata Y, Hayashi M, Kai Y, Saito H, Isobe T, Kohrogi H, Hamada A (2018-01-01). "Population Pharmacokinetics and Adverse Events of Erlotinib in Japanese Patients with Non-small-cell Lung Cancer: Impact of Genetic Polymorphisms in Metabolizing Enzymes and Transporters". Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 41 (1): 47–56. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b17-00521 . PMID   29311482.
23. Lazarska KE, Dekker SJ, Vermeulen NP, Commandeur JN (March 2018). "Effect of UGT2B7*2 and CYP2C8*4 polymorphisms on diclofenac metabolism". Toxicology Letters. 284: 70–78. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.11.038 . PMID   29203276.
24. Chen G, Wu SQ, Feng M, Wang Y, Wu JC, Ji GY, Zhang MM, Liu QQ, He JQ (December 2017). "Association of UGT2B7 polymorphisms with risk of induced liver injury by anti-tuberculosis drugs in Chinese Han". International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology. 30 (4): 434–438. doi:10.1177/0394632017733638. PMC   5806809 . PMID   28934901.
25. Sastre JA, Varela G, López M, Muriel C, González-Sarmiento R (January 2015). "Influence of uridine diphosphate-glucuronyltransferase 2B7 (UGT2B7) variants on postoperative buprenorphine analgesia". Pain Practice. 15 (1): 22–30. doi:10.1111/papr.12152. PMID   24256307. S2CID   33996517.
26. Sun YX, Zhuo WY, Lin H, Peng ZK, Wang HM, Huang HW, Luo YH, Tang FQ (August 2015). "The influence of UGT2B7 genotype on valproic acid pharmacokinetics in Chinese epilepsy patients". Epilepsy Research. 114: 78–80. doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2015.04.015. PMID   26088889. S2CID   39744204.
27. Lampe JW, Bigler J, Bush AC, Potter JD (March 2000). "Prevalence of polymorphisms in the human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B family: UGT2B4(D458E), UGT2B7(H268Y), and UGT2B15(D85Y)". Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. 9 (3): 329–33. PMID   10750673.

Further reading

• Kwara A, Lartey M, Boamah I, Rezk NL, Oliver-Commey J, Kenu E, Kashuba AD, Court MH (September 2009). "Interindividual variability in pharmacokinetics of generic nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in TB/HIV-coinfected Ghanaian patients: UGT2B7*1c is associated with faster zidovudine clearance and glucuronidation". Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 49 (9): 1079–90. doi:10.1177/0091270009338482. PMC   2749505 . PMID   19628728.
• Hwang MS, Lee SJ, Jeong HE, Lee S, Yoo MA, Shin JG (2010). "Genetic variations in UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 gene (UGT2B7) in a Korean population". Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics. 25 (4): 398–402. doi:10.2133/dmpk.DMPK-10-SC-021. PMID   20814162.
• Rose JE, Behm FM, Drgon T, Johnson C, Uhl GR (2010). "Personalized smoking cessation: interactions between nicotine dose, dependence and quit-success genotype score". Molecular Medicine. 16 (7–8): 247–53. doi:10.2119/molmed.2009.00159. PMC   2896464 . PMID   20379614.
• Holmes MV, Shah T, Vickery C, Smeeth L, Hingorani AD, Casas JP (December 2009). "Fulfilling the promise of personalized medicine? Systematic review and field synopsis of pharmacogenetic studies". PLOS ONE. 4 (12): e7960. Bibcode:2009PLoSO...4.7960H. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007960 . PMC   2778625 . PMID   19956635.
• Kwara A, Lartey M, Sagoe KW, Kenu E, Court MH (October 2009). "CYP2B6, CYP2A6 and UGT2B7 genetic polymorphisms are predictors of efavirenz mid-dose concentration in HIV-infected patients". AIDS. 23 (16): 2101–6. doi:10.1097/QAD.0b013e3283319908. PMC   2875867 . PMID   19779319.
• Setlur SR, Chen CX, Hossain RR, Ha JS, Van Doren VE, Stenzel B, Steiner E, Oldridge D, Kitabayashi N, Banerjee S, Chen JY, Schäfer G, Horninger W, Lee C, Rubin MA, Klocker H, Demichelis F (January 2010). "Genetic variation of genes involved in dihydrotestosterone metabolism and the risk of prostate cancer" (PDF). Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. 19 (1): 229–39. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-1018 . PMID   20056642. S2CID   11725521.
• Sánchez MB, Herranz JL, Leno C, Arteaga R, Oterino A, Valdizán EM, Nicolás JM, Adín J, Armijo JA (March 2010). "Genetic factors associated with drug-resistance of epilepsy: relevance of stratification by patient age and aetiology of epilepsy". Seizure. 19 (2): 93–101. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2009.12.004 . PMID   20064729. S2CID   17525536.
• Chen M, LeDuc B, Kerr S, Howe D, Williams DA (March 2010). "Identification of human UGT2B7 as the major isoform involved in the O-glucuronidation of chloramphenicol". Drug Metabolism and Disposition. 38 (3): 368–75. doi:10.1124/dmd.109.029900. PMID   20008037. S2CID   10438280.
• Ross CJ, Katzov-Eckert H, Dubé MP, Brooks B, Rassekh SR, Barhdadi A, Feroz-Zada Y, Visscher H, Brown AM, Rieder MJ, Rogers PC, Phillips MS, Carleton BC, Hayden MR (December 2009). "Genetic variants in TPMT and COMT are associated with hearing loss in children receiving cisplatin chemotherapy". Nature Genetics. 41 (12): 1345–9. doi:10.1038/ng.478. PMID   19898482. S2CID   21293339.
• Tang L, Ye L, Singh R, Wu B, Lv C, Zhao J, Liu Z, Hu M (June 2010). "Use of glucuronidation fingerprinting to describe and predict mono- and dihydroxyflavone metabolism by recombinant UGT isoforms and human intestinal and liver microsomes". Molecular Pharmaceutics. 7 (3): 664–79. doi:10.1021/mp900223c. PMC   2941766 . PMID   20297805.
• Woillard JB, Rerolle JP, Picard N, Rousseau A, Drouet M, Munteanu E, Essig M, Marquet P, Le Meur Y (June 2010). "Risk of diarrhoea in a long-term cohort of renal transplant patients given mycophenolate mofetil: the significant role of the UGT1A8 2 variant allele". British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 69 (6): 675–83. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03625.x. PMC   2883760 . PMID   20565459.
• Yu L, Qian M, Liu Y, Yao T, Zeng S (May 2010). "Stereoselective metabolism of propranolol glucuronidation by human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases 2B7 and 1A9". Chirality. 22 (4): 456–61. doi:10.1002/chir.20765. PMID   19644937.
• Yang JW, Lee PH, Hutchinson IV, Pravica V, Shah T, Min DI (October 2009). "Genetic polymorphisms of MRP2 and UGT2B7 and gastrointestinal symptoms in renal transplant recipients taking mycophenolic acid". Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. 31 (5): 542–8. doi:10.1097/FTD.0b013e3181b1dd5e. PMID   19730281. S2CID   6454841.
• Ahn J, Schumacher FR, Berndt SI, Pfeiffer R, Albanes D, Andriole GL, Ardanaz E, Boeing H, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Chanock SJ, Clavel-Chapelon F, Diver WR, Feigelson HS, Gaziano JM, Giovannucci E, Haiman CA, Henderson BE, Hoover RN, Kolonel LN, Kraft P, Ma J, Le Marchand L, Overvad K, Palli D, Stattin P, Stampfer M, Stram DO, Thomas G, Thun MJ, Travis RC, Trichopoulos D, Virtamo J, Weinstein SJ, Yeager M, Kaaks R, Hunter DJ, Hayes RB (October 2009). "Quantitative trait loci predicting circulating sex steroid hormones in men from the NCI-Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium (BPC3)". Human Molecular Genetics. 18 (19): 3749–57. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddp302. PMC   2742399 . PMID   19574343.
• Hu M, Lui SS, Mak VW, Chu TT, Lee VW, Poon EW, Tsui TK, Ko GT, Baum L, Tam LS, Li EK, Tomlinson B (October 2010). "Pharmacogenetic analysis of lipid responses to rosuvastatin in Chinese patients". Pharmacogenetics and Genomics. 20 (10): 634–7. doi:10.1097/FPC.0b013e32833de489. PMID   20679960. S2CID   3475599.
• Zhao W, Fakhoury M, Deschênes G, Roussey G, Brochard K, Niaudet P, Tsimaratos M, André JL, Cloarec S, Cochat P, Bensman A, Azougagh S, Jacqz-Aigrain E (November 2010). "Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics of mycophenolic acid following administration of mycophenolate mofetil in de novo pediatric renal-transplant patients". Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 50 (11): 1280–91. doi:10.1177/0091270009357429. PMID   20147615. S2CID   22875166.
• Blanca Sánchez M, Herranz JL, Leno C, Arteaga R, Oterino A, Valdizán EM, Nicolas JM, Adín J, Shushtarian M, Armijo JA (April 2010). "UGT2B7_-161C>T polymorphism is associated with lamotrigine concentration-to-dose ratio in a multivariate study". Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. 32 (2): 177–84. doi:10.1097/FTD.0b013e3181ceecc6. hdl:10261/49808. PMID   20216122. S2CID   44807993.
• Yong M, Schwartz SM, Atkinson C, Makar KW, Thomas SS, Newton KM, Aiello Bowles EJ, Holt VL, Leisenring WM, Lampe JW (February 2010). "Associations between polymorphisms in glucuronidation and sulfation enzymes and mammographic breast density in premenopausal women in the United States". Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. 19 (2): 537–46. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-0898. PMC   2820123 . PMID   20142249.
• Joy MS, Boyette T, Hu Y, Wang J, La M, Hogan SL, Stewart PW, Falk RJ, Dooley MA, Smith PC (November 2010). "Effects of uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 and 1A7 pharmacogenomics and patient clinical parameters on steady-state mycophenolic acid pharmacokinetics in glomerulonephritis". European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 66 (11): 1119–30. doi:10.1007/s00228-010-0846-x. PMC   3739695 . PMID   20567810.

External links

• human+UGT2B7 at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• UGT2B7+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• "GT2B7". PharmGKB. PharmGKB. Retrieved 2009-01-13.