Broad Bottom ministry

Last updated

The Broad Bottom ministry was the factional coalition government of Great Britain between 1744 and 1754. [1] It was led by the two Pelham brothers in Parliament, Prime Minister Henry Pelham in the House of Commons and the Duke of Newcastle in the House of Lords.

Contents

Early in 1746 the King wished a change of prime minister, and Pelham lost power, but only briefly. On returning to office he put in place a strengthened broad coalition of Whigs. The second Broad Bottom administration lasted from Pelham's resumption of power until his death in 1754. [3]

Ministry

PortfolioMinisterTookofficeLeftoffice
*1744 (1744)1754 (1754)
Lord Chancellor [6] 1744 (1744)1754 (1754)
Lord President of the Council [7] 1744 (1744)1745 (1745)
1745 (1745)1751 (1751)
1751 (1751)1754 (1754)
Lord Privy Seal [8] 1744 (1744)1754 (1754)
Secretary of State for the Southern Department [9] *1744 (1744)1748 (1748)
1748 (1748)1751 (1751)
1751 (1751)1754 (1754)
Secretary of State for the Northern Department [9]
The Earl of Harrington
1744 (1744)1746 (1746)
1746 (1746)1748 (1748)
The Duke of Newcastle
*
1748 (1748)1754 (1754)
Master-General of the Ordnance [10] 1744 (1744)1749 (1749)
Vacant
1749 (1749)1754 (1754)
First Lord of the Admiralty [11]
The Duke of Bedford
1744 (1744)1748 (1748)
1748 (1748)1751 (1751)
1751 (1751)1754 (1754)
Keeper of the Great Seal of Scotland [12] 1744 (1744)1754 (1754)
Secretary of State for Scotland [13] 1744 (1744)1746 (1746)
Lord Chamberlain of the Household [14] 1744 (1744)1754 (1754)
Master of the Horse [15] 1744 (1744)1750 (1750)
Vacant
1750 (1750)1751 (1751)
1751 (1751)1754 (1754)

See also

Notes

  1. Colley 1985, p.  243 Closed Access logo transparent.svg
  2. Kulisheck 2004 Closed Access logo transparent.svg
  3. Beyond the more senior ministers listed (see below), other significant figures in the ministry from 1746 include Henry Fox as Secretary at War and William Pitt as Paymaster of the Forces. [2]
  4. Haydn 1851, p.  112 Lock-green.svg
  5. Haydn 1851, p.  168 Lock-green.svg
  6. Haydn 1851, p.  105 Lock-green.svg
  7. Haydn 1851, p.  119 Lock-green.svg
  8. Haydn 1851, p.  147 Lock-green.svg
  9. 1 2 Haydn 1851, p.  172 Lock-green.svg
  10. Haydn 1851, p.  192 Lock-green.svg
  11. Haydn 1851, p.  160 Lock-green.svg
  12. Haydn 1851, p.  401 Lock-green.svg
  13. Haydn 1851, p.  409 Lock-green.svg
  14. Haydn 1851, p.  206 Lock-green.svg
  15. Haydn 1851, p.  209 Lock-green.svg

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Henry Pelham</span> Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1743 to 1754

Henry Pelham was a British Whig statesman who served as Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1743 until his death in 1754. He was the younger brother of Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle, who served in Pelham's government and succeeded him as prime minister. Pelham is generally considered to have been Britain's third prime minister, after Robert Walpole and the Earl of Wilmington.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">William Pulteney, 1st Earl of Bath</span> 18th-century English politician

William Pulteney, 1st Earl of Bath, was a British Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1707 to 1742, when he was created the first Earl of Bath by King George II.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Short-lived ministry</span> 18th-century British cabinet that served a brief term

The Bath–Granville ministry, better known as the "short-lived" ministry or derisively as the "Silly Little Ministry", was a ministry of Patriot Whigs that existed briefly in February 1746.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Leveson-Gower, 1st Earl Gower</span> English Tory politician and peer (1694–1752)

John Leveson-Gower, 1st Earl Gower, PC, was an English Tory politician and peer who twice served as Lord Privy Seal from 1742 to 1743 and 1744 to 1754. Leveson-Gower is best known for his political career in the British Parliament, where he sat in the House of Lords as a leading member of the Tory Party before defecting to serve in various Whig-dominated government ministries until his death.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alastair Ruadh MacDonnell</span>

Alastair MacDonell of Glengarry, also known as Alasdair Ruadh MacDomhnaill, was the 13th chief of Clan MacDonell of Glengarry. Brought up as a Catholic and largely educated in France, he was arrested in November 1745 on his way to join the 1745 Jacobite Rising.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thomas Pelham, 1st Baron Pelham</span>

Thomas Pelham, 1st Baron Pelham of Laughton Bt was a moderate English Whig politician and Member of Parliament for several constituencies. He is best remembered as father of two British prime ministers who, between them, served for 18 years as first minister.

The Kingdom of Great Britain was governed by a caretaker government in April–June 1757—after the King's dismissal of William Pitt led to the collapse of the Pitt–Devonshire ministry amid the Seven Years' War. William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire, continued as the nominal head of government.

Events from the year 1724 in Great Britain.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Benjamin Keene</span>

Sir Benjamin Keene (1697–1757) was a British diplomat, who was British Ambassador to Spain from 1729 to 1739, then again from 1748 until his death in Madrid in December 1757. He has been described as "by far the most prominent British agent in Anglo-Spanish relations of the 18th century".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">William Rowley (Royal Navy officer)</span>

Admiral of the Fleet Sir William Rowley KB was a Royal Navy officer. He distinguished himself by his determination as commander of the vanguard at the Battle of Toulon in February 1744 during the War of the Austrian Succession. He went on to be Commander-in-Chief of the Mediterranean Fleet in August 1744 and successfully kept the Spanish and French fleets out of the Mediterranean area but was relieved of his command following criticism of his decision as presiding officer at a court-martial.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">First Newcastle ministry</span> Government of Great Britain

From 1754 to 1756 the Duke of Newcastle headed the government of Great Britain. After the death of the previous prime minister, his brother Henry Pelham, Newcastle had formed a fresh administration of Whigs. He remained in power until 1756, when his government collapsed following the fall of Minorca and the fierce criticism that he had come under for his handling of the Seven Years' War that was engulfing Europe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom</span> Honorary position in the United Kingdom

The British Poet Laureate is an honorary position appointed by the monarch of the United Kingdom, currently on the advice of the prime minister. The role does not entail any specific duties, but there is an expectation that the holder will write verse for significant national occasions. The origins of the laureateship date back to 1616 when a pension was provided to Ben Jonson, but the first official holder of the position was John Dryden, appointed in 1668 by Charles II. On the death of Alfred, Lord Tennyson, who held the post between November 1850 and October 1892, there was a break of four years as a mark of respect; Tennyson's laureate poems "Ode on the Death of the Duke of Wellington" and "The Charge of the Light Brigade" were particularly cherished by the Victorian public. Three poets, Thomas Gray, Samuel Rogers and Walter Scott, turned down the laureateship. The holder of the position as at October 2022 is Simon Armitage who succeeded Carol Ann Duffy in May 2019.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pitt–Newcastle ministry</span> Government of Great Britain

Between 1757 and 1762, at the height of the Seven Years' War, the Pitt–Newcastle ministry governed the Kingdom of Great Britain. It was headed by Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle, serving in his second stint as prime minister. The most influential and famous minister however was William Pitt the Elder, Secretary of State.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Newcome's School</span>

Newcome's School was a fashionable boys' school in Hackney, then to the east of London, founded in the early 18th century. A number of prominent Whig families sent their sons there. The school closed in 1815, and the buildings were gutted in 1820. In 1825 the London Orphan Asylum opened on the site. Today the Clapton Girls' Academy is located here.

Robert Heath was an English army officer, mathematician, and periodical editor.

John Roberts MP (1712–1772) was an 18th-century British politician and poet.

References

Preceded by Government of Great Britain
24 November 1744 – 10 February 1746 (1744-11-24 1746-02-10)
Succeeded by
Preceded by Government of Great Britain
14 February 1746 – 6 March 1754 (1746-02-14 1754-03-06)
Succeeded by