Claremont, Cape Town

Last updated
Claremont
Claremont aerial view.jpg
The grand Norfolk Pine in Arderne Gardens.JPG
9 2 111 0117-St Saviours Church-Wynberg-s.jpg
Top: Aerial view of the Claremont Central business district in 2007. Bottom left: The Arderne Gardens. Bottom right: St Saviour's Church.
Claremont OSM map.svg
Street map of Claremont
South Africa Western Cape location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Claremont
South Africa adm location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Claremont
Africa location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Claremont
Coordinates: 33°58′50″S18°27′55″E / 33.98056°S 18.46528°E / -33.98056; 18.46528
Country South Africa
Province Western Cape
Municipality City of Cape Town
Main Place Cape Town
Established1834 as Claremont
Area
[1]
  Total5.21 km2 (2.01 sq mi)
Population
 (2011) [1]
  Total17,198
  Density3,300/km2 (8,500/sq mi)
Racial makeup (2011)
[1]
   Black African 16.8%
   Coloured 11.1%
   Indian/Asian 4.8%
   White 64.1%
  Other3.2%
First languages (2011)
[1]
   English 83.4%
   Afrikaans 7.2%
   Xhosa 2.2%
  Other7.2%
Time zone UTC+2 (SAST)
Postal code (street)
7708
PO box
7735
Website www.claremontcentral.co.za

Claremont is a suburb of Cape Town, South Africa. It is situated 9 kilometres south of the city, and is one of the so-called "Southern Suburbs", it is situated alongside Lansdowne. It is an important commercial and residential area, which is currently experiencing significant growth and development.

Contents

History

Until the arrival of Dutch colonists in 1652, the uncultivated veld of the Cape Peninsula was used by the nomadic Khoikhoi as grazing for their cattle. The Dutch established an outpost on the shore of Table Bay, and in 1657 they established a number of farms south of the outpost. The most southerly of those original farms, named Louwvliet and Questenburg, are today covered by the suburbs of Claremont and Newlands.

The area was agricultural for about 150 years. Other estates that were established included Veldhuyzen in 1676, Stellenberg in 1697, Weltevreden (originally part of Stellenberg) in 1730, Sans Souci (originally part of Questenburg) in 1786, and The Vineyard in 1798. They produced grain and grapes, and some farmers made wine.

After the colony had been taken over by the British in 1814, the character of the area gradually changed from agricultural to residential. British settlers and officials bought the farms, renamed some of them, and turned them into country residences. Weltevreden was subdivided in 1822, and it was a portion of it that was later to be renamed Claremont. The distinguished British astronomer Sir John Herschel put the area on the map by living at Feldhausen (formerly Veldhuyzen) from 1834 to 1838.

Village (1840–1886)

A village began to develop on the main road near Feldhausen in the 1830s, and by 1840 it had become known as 'Claremont'. The annual Cape Almanac for 1840 [2] described the area and stated that :

The new village of 'Claremont' succeeds, near to which, on the left, is 'Claremont House', the property of R. Waters Esq, who has lately laid out the grounds with much taste, in the manner usually known as the English style of landscape gardening.

The village grew during the 1840s and 1850s. Public transport consisted of horse-drawn omnibuses which plied along the Main Road from 1837 until the railway was opened in 1864. [3] In 1845 the timber merchant Ralph Henry Arderne started work on what would become the Arderne Gardens. [4] The gardens, by then regionally renowned, were bought by the municipal government and turned into a public park in 1928. [5]

In 1863, the Anglo-Italian immigrant and businessman John Molteno, who was later to become the Cape Colony's first prime minister, bought 140 acres of land centred on the Claremont House estate. The property was subdivided and developed from 1897 onwards, and Claremont House itself, situated in modern terms between Molteno Road to Pine Road, was later demolished. However its two extensions, Greenfield House and Barkly House, still stand today as schools. [6] [7]

Claremont Train Station. See photosphere version Claremont Train Station.JPG
Claremont Train Station. See photosphere version

The opening of the railway from Cape Town to Wynberg in 1864 spurred subdivision and development. [8] The Feldhausen estate (also known as "The Grove") was subdivided in 1869–1870. A new Congregational Church was built on the Main Road in 1877. The Claremont Hall was opened in 1879.

The land along Lansdowne Road east of the railway line was subdivided and developed from 1882, creating a large residential area which is now known as "Harfield Village".

Municipality (1886–1913)

A suburban garden in Claremont, Cape Town at the turn of the 20th century. In the late 1800s Claremont urbanised and became a municipality. A Cape Garden - Claremont, Cape Town 1900.jpg
A suburban garden in Claremont, Cape Town at the turn of the 20th century. In the late 1800s Claremont urbanised and became a municipality.

In 1882, a village management board was formed, and in 1886 it was replaced by the Municipality of Claremont, which managed neighbouring Newlands too. The privately owned Claremont Hall was taken over as a town hall. The first telephone system was installed in the early 1880s.

There was further residential development, with the subdivision of the Claremont House, Lansdowne, Milburn House, and Paradise estates in the 1890s. An electricity power station was built, and an electric tramway service was introduced in 1897. [9]

The housing boom which followed the Anglo-Boer War saw the subdivision of further estates in the 1900s. Most streets were named in 1903–1904, many of them thematically (e.g. after saints, explorers, British counties and towns, American presidents, and British politicians). [10]

Suburb (1913– )

In 1913, Claremont and several other municipalities were incorporated into the city of Cape Town.

Considerable residential growth took place in the 1920s and 1930s, when estates such as Palmyra, Keurboom, Ravensworth, Sanatorium Estate, The Vineyard, Wyndover, and Edinburgh Estate were subdivided and developed. An additional railway station, named "Harfield Road", was built in 1931.

The government enforced its apartheid system on Claremont in the 1960s, forcing the Coloured residents to leave. As a result, large areas of the suburb stood derelict for several years.

Claremont remained predominantly residential until the early 1970s, when commercial development began. A major shopping mall, named Cavendish Square, was opened in 1973, and other shopping centres followed.

There was a further building boom in the 1990s, and the suburb is currently experiencing another, which includes the construction of three large apartment blocks, a hotel, two office blocks, the re-modeling of three other commercial buildings, and the construction of a transport interchange and a bypass road.

Places of worship

Claremont Congregational Church (founded in 1840, the present building dating from 1877) in 2010 Claremont Cong Church.jpg
Claremont Congregational Church (founded in 1840, the present building dating from 1877) in 2010

Claremont places of worship, past and present:

Schools

Some Claremont schools, past and present:

Commerce and industry

Some Claremont businesses, past and present:

Many national banks and chains of shops have branches in Claremont. The suburb is also a business hub, [25] home to premium office spaces such as Paramount Place and Protea Place, amongst others. Companies such as ANVIL Property Smith, Rennie Knight Frank and Trend Space are known to assist with commercial property services. COVID-19 had a significant effect on office space supply in major office nodes across the country, including Claremont. [26]

Sport

Some Claremont sports clubs and facilities, past and present:

Medical

Claremont's first medical facility may have been the temporary isolation hospital set up during the 1882 smallpox epidemic. Other medical facilities, past and present:

Public amenities

The Cape Dutch style Claremont Civic Centre in 2010 Claremont Civic Centre.jpg
The Cape Dutch style Claremont Civic Centre in 2010

Footnotes

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Sub Place Claremont". Census 2011.
  2. South African Directory & Almanack (1840)
  3. Coates, P.R. (1976). Track and Trackless
  4. "Arderne Gardens". www.capetown.gov.za. Archived from the original on 2015-04-16. Retrieved 2015-08-21.
  5. "History - The Arderne Gardens". Friends of the Arderne Gardens. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
  6. "History of Greenfield Girls Primary School - Claremont, Cape Town, South Africa". Archived from the original on 2013-03-13. Retrieved 2013-04-18.
  7. "Places important to the Family". Molteno Family History. 2012-08-12. Retrieved 2018-06-18.
  8. "History of Stations on the Cape Town to Simonstown line | Atlantic Rail Heritage Steam Train Cape Town". www.atlanticrail.co.za. Archived from the original on 2011-09-26.
  9. "About - Company Information". heritage.eskom.co.za. Archived from the original on 2018-12-31. Retrieved 2018-12-21.
  10. Hart, P. (1999). Claremont, Newlands and Bishopscourt Street Names
  11. Gamildien, F. (2004) Claremont Main Road Mosque
  12. Langham-Carter, R.R. (1973) Under the Mountain
  13. Thomas, L.R. (1993) St Matthew's Church
  14. Anon (1979). Claremont Cavalcade
  15. Tudor, D. (1980) Claremont Baptist Church 1905–80
  16. Claremont Wynberg Hebrew Congregation (Kehillat Agudat Achim)
  17. Old Apostolic Church Congregation, Claremont Archived 2011-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
  18. Claremont Primary School
  19. "About Us - WPPS". 2015-04-20. Retrieved 2024-02-16.
  20. Bel Porto School Archived 2013-02-15 at the Wayback Machine
  21. Abbotts College Archived 2007-05-24 at the Wayback Machine
  22. Cape Town School of English
  23. Cape Town School of Eurythmy
  24. School of Practical Philosophy Archived 2008-05-17 at the Wayback Machine
  25. "Claremont: Cape Town's decentralised business hub" . Retrieved 2023-05-04.
  26. "Claremont - October 2022". www.rennieproperty.co.za. Retrieved 2023-05-23.
  27. Booley, A. (1998) Forgotten Heroes

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hawthorn, Victoria</span> Suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Hawthorn is an inner suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) east of Melbourne's central business district, located within the City of Boroondara local government area. Hawthorn recorded a population of 22,322 at the 2021 census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Claremont, Western Australia</span> Suburb of Perth, Western Australia

Claremont is a western suburb of Perth, Western Australia, on the north bank of the Swan River.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wynberg, Cape Town</span> Place in Western Cape, South Africa

Wynberg is a southern suburb of the City of Cape Town in Western Cape, South Africa. It is situated between Plumstead and Kenilworth, and is a main transport hub for the Southern Suburbs of Cape Town.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">M3 (Cape Town)</span> Expressway in Cape Town, South Africa, between the City Bowl to the Southern Suburbs

The M3 is an expressway in Cape Town, South Africa, connecting the upper part of the City Bowl to the Southern Suburbs and ending in Tokai. For most of its route it parallels - though further to the south and west - the M4, which was the original road connecting central Cape Town with the settlements to the south.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Durbanville</span> Town in Western Cape, South Africa

Durbanville, previously called Pampoenkraal, is a town in the Western Cape province of South Africa, part of the greater Cape Town metropolitan area. Durbanville is a semi-rural residential suburb on the north-eastern outskirts of the metropolis surrounded by farms producing wine and wheat.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Southern Suburbs, Cape Town</span> Sub-region of Cape Town, South Africa

The Southern Suburbs are a group of Anglophone suburbs in Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa. This group includes, among others, Observatory, Mowbray, Pinelands, Rosebank, Rondebosch, Rondebosch East, Newlands, Claremont, Lansdowne, Kenilworth, Bishopscourt, Constantia, Wynberg, Ottery, Plumstead, Diep River, Bergvliet and Tokai. The area is also commonly referred to as the Cape Peninsula, often including the towns further South such as Fish Hoek.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anglican Diocese of Cape Town</span> Diocese of the Anglican Church of Southern Africa

The Diocese of Cape Town is a diocese of the Anglican Church of Southern Africa (ACSA) which presently covers central Cape Town, some of its suburbs and the island of Tristan da Cunha, though in the past it has covered a much larger territory. The Ordinary of the diocese is Archbishop of Cape Town and ex officio Primate and Metropolitan of the ACSA. His seat is St. George's Cathedral in Cape Town.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bury Park</span> Human settlement in England

Bury Park is an area of Luton, Bedfordshire, England. It is located 1 mile north west of the town centre on the A505 road to Dunstable. The area is roughly bounded by Claremont Road and Highfield Road to the north, Telford Way to the south, Hatters Way to the west, and the Midland Main Line to the east.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gardens, Cape Town</span> Inner-city suburb of Cape Town in Western Cape, South Africa

Gardens is an affluent inner-city suburb of Cape Town located just to the south of the city centre located in the higher elevations of the "City Bowl" and directly beneath Table Mountain and Lion's Head. It is home to several national museums such as Iziko South African National Gallery and the Iziko South African Museum. The University of Cape Town also houses its Fine Arts department in the suburb, at Michaelis School of Fine Art. Company's Garden, South Africa's oldest garden, a public park and heritage site is a focal point of the suburb. The area is also home to the oldest synagogue in Southern Africa, the Old Shul and its successor, the Gardens Shul, "The Mother Synagogue of South Africa."

Plumstead is a residential suburb situated in the Southern Suburbs of Cape Town in the Western Cape Province of South Africa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kenilworth, Cape Town</span> Place in Western Cape, South Africa

Kenilworth is a suburb in Cape Town, South Africa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Southern Line (Cape Town)</span> Metrorail railway line in Cape Town, South Africa

The Southern Line is a commuter rail line operated by Metrorail Western Cape, connecting Cape Town station in central Cape Town, South Africa with the Southern Suburbs and the towns on the west coast of False Bay, terminating in Simon's Town.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ottery, Cape Town</span> Suburb of Cape Town, in Western Cape, South Africa

Ottery is a suburb in Cape Town, South Africa. It is on the edge of the Southern Suburbs. The Youngsfield Military Base, Royal Cape Golf Club and Cape Town's 'official' China Town are located in the suburb. Every year the Youngsfield Military Base in Ottery hosts the Cape Argus Junior Cycle Tour on 12 March. The name was derived off the Otter sanctuary which was opened here in the early 1900's, but sadly was closed down as the neighbourhood rapidly expanded later in the century.

Lansdowne is a suburb in Cape Town, South Africa. situated 10 kilometres southeast of Cape Town City Centre, surrounded by the suburbs of Rondebosch East, Crawford, Wetton, Claremont, Kenwyn and Athlone. Lansdowne is served by a railway station of the same name, on the Cape Flats Line.

The following is a timeline of the history of Cape Town in the Western Cape province of South Africa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">James Bisset (mayor)</span>

James Bisset was an architect and civil engineer of the Cape Colony, responsible for many of the Cape's early buildings and communications infrastructure. He was also Mayor of Wynberg, South Africa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arderne Gardens</span> Public park and arboretum in Claremont, Cape Town

Arderne Gardens is a public park and arboretum in Claremont, Cape Town, located in the Western Cape of South Africa. It was established in 1845 by Ralph Henry Arderne, a timber merchant originally from Cheshire, England. In 1979, the park was named a South African Provincial Heritage Site. It is now a popular venue for wedding photographs. The 4.5-hectare park contains over 300 trees, six of which have been designated as Champion Trees by the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. The Moreton Bay fig near the park entrance is one of the largest trees in the country and is nicknamed the "Wedding Tree" by locals. The ponds in the garden are the source of the Black River which then runs underground beneath Main Road and the railway line before emerging as a canal. The garden is best known for the wide open lawn surrounding a Norfolk Pine and a Japanese-style koi pond. Unlike nearby Kirstenbosch Botanical Gardens, the focus of the Arderne Gardens is the cultivation of exotic species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Outline of Cape Town</span> List of links to articles about Cape Town on Wikipedia

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Cape Town:

Claremont is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa, around 9 km west-northwest of City Hall. Under the old municipal borders, it was one of the westernmost suburbs of the city and bordered Roodepoort.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">M4 (Cape Town)</span> Metropolitan route in the City of Cape Town, South Africa

The M4 is a long metropolitan route in the City of Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality in South Africa. It connects the Cape Town CBD with the Cape of Good Hope via Wynberg, Muizenberg and Fish Hoek. Originally, it was the main route connecting the Cape Town CBD with the Southern Suburbs and is thus named Main Road for much of its length. From the CBD to Kirstenhof, it is parallel to the M3 Freeway.

References