The town name of Eudunda originates from the name of the spring to the west of the town, which local Aboriginal people called judandakawi.[5] According to Dr. Phillip Clarke of the South Australian Museum, judandakawi means 'sheltered water.'[6] The earliest-known written mention of the name Eudunda was published in The Express and Telegraph on 8 March 1872.[7]
History
The area is the traditional lands of the Ngadjuri people.[8] The Ngadjuri have been largely overlooked in the histories of colonisation and the subsequent dispossession from their traditional lands.
The first Europeans in the area were those travelling to Adelaide markets from New South Wales and Queensland in the 1830s.[9] In 1838, four livestock importers from the eastern colonies, John Hill, William Wood, Charles Willis, and John Oakden, embarked on a journey to bring livestock overland from New South Wales to South Australia, following the Murray River, naming landmarks along the way.[10] Shortly after, pastoralists such as Frederick Dutton took up sheep grazing runs in the area.
Eudunda township was established in 1870 by John Henry Hannan, who owned the land which was surveyed and divided for sale.[11] The first European settlers were primarily German Lutheran immigrants. In 1874, Friedrich Gotthilf Ernst Appelt opened Appelt's General Store on South Terrace. The building is listed on the South Australian Heritage Register.[12]
The town became the centre of local government in 1878 with the establishment of the District Council of Neales, which operated until 1932 when it merged with the District Council of Julia to create the District Council of Eudunda. It continued until 1997 when it was replaced by the formation of the Regional Council of Goyder.
Founded in 1884 by Johannes Gottlieb Wiesner and Gustav Adolph Hilbig, Wiesner and Hilbig played a significant role in Eudunda's manufacturing history. They were known for their forges and production of plough and scarifier shares.[13] The business changed hands several times, with Carl and Heinrich Lutz taking over in 1895 and gaining recognition for their strippers, which were widely sold in New South Wales and Victoria.[14] Theodor and Georg Jansen took over in 1905, expanding the business and diversifying into the service of motor vehicles as cars became more prevalent. In 1951, Johannes and Leslie Reimann acquired the Jansen Brothers business, and it continues as of 2023 as Reimann Manufacturing, carrying on the legacy after a brief hiatus.[15]
Established in 1896, the Eudunda Farmers Co-Operative Society was formed by a group of traders in firewood who faced economic challenges during the 1890s. Frustrated with middlemen refusing to pay in cash, they decided to trade directly on the Adelaide market. This successful venture led to the establishment of the co-operative, which came to own 62 general stores across South Australia. Eudunda Farmers merged with United Supermarkets in the 1990s, and their stores became Foodland and IGA supermarkets.[16]
During the First World War, Eudunda, with its strong German culture, experienced a series of events fuelled by anti-German sentiments. In early 1915, a local Lutheran pastor was arrested for communicating with the Attorney-General of South Australia, Hermann Homburg, about naturalisation matters. Although the pastor was released shortly after, another incident took place in February of that year. The Citizen's Forces conducted raids on the homes and businesses of both German-born and Australian-born Eudunda residents. Travel in and out of the town was restricted by sentries stationed at its entrances. Although the raids yielded no incriminating evidence, they served as a clear message that the authorities were committed to suppressing any disloyal sentiments.[17]
In 1920, author and educator Colin Thiele was born at Mutter Knabe's Nursing Home. His upbringing in nearby Julia, and his education in Eudunda, served as inspiration for many of his writings.[18]
The Eudunda Courier and Murray Flats Advertiser was first published in Eudunda in 1922. Ownership changed in 1928 and again in 1948. However, in 1978, following the death of V. H. Baehnisch, the newspaper ceased operation. It was later taken over by a local family after negotiations. In 1981, ownership shifted to Barossa News, and the Eudunda Courier became a supplement to the Barossa Herald. Eventually, the title was dropped, and today Eudunda news is covered by The Leader.
Laucke Flour Mills acquired a flour mill in the town in 1951 and operated it until the 1990s.[19]
Climate
Climate data for Eudunda (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1965–present)
Railway services were first introduced to Eudunda in 1878, with the opening of the North-West Bend Railway to Morgan.[21] From 1914, it was the junction station for a branch line running north past Point Pass to Robertstown. The Morgan railway line was cut back to Eudunda in November 1969. The Robertstown branch was closed in September 1991. The remaining line through Eudunda was closed in March 1994. The railway lines and yards have since been dismantled although the station building, and the old water tower remain today.
Demographics and Economy
According to the latest census data, Eudunda has a population of 815 people. The town exhibits a balanced gender distribution, with males accounting for 49.9% of the population, and females comprising 50.1%. The median age in Eudunda is 54 years. Eudunda has a total of 447 private dwellings, with an average of 2.1 people and 2 cars per household.
The town has residents born in Australia, England, Germany, the Netherlands, the Philippines, and New Zealand. 3.1% of the population identifies as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander. The town has a notable Lutheran community, comprising 24.2% of its residents who identify as Lutherans. This percentage is substantially higher compared to the state average of 2.4%, indicating the town's historical background.
Eudunda's unemployment rate is slightly lower than the state average, at 5.2%. The most common occupations in the town are managers, labourers, tradespeople, machinery operators and drivers, and clerical and administrative workers. The predominant industries in Eudunda include supermarkets, hospitals, farming, poultry processing, and building and other industrial cleaning services.
The median weekly household income of $921 is lower than the state average. However, the town has higher rates of home ownership compared to the state average, and the rent and mortgage repayments are lower as well.[22]
Eudunda Tennis Club - Julia & Light Tennis Association
Eudunda also has a children's playground and community swimming pool.[23]
Arts and Culture
Panorama of Eudunda from the town lookout, looking in a northerly direction, in February 2018.
The Eudunda Family Heritage Gallery is a volunteer-operated local history gallery that explores the heritage of the Eudunda region. Focusing on the pioneers and the broader history of the area from the 1840s onwards, visitors can access early cemetery records of Eudunda and the surrounding district, as well as a collection of local newspapers, photographs, and memorabilia related to churches, schools, sporting associations, and various local organisations.[24]
A bronze sculpture of Colin Thiele by artist Chris Radford is located in Eudunda's Centenary Gardens.[25]
In September 2021, artist Sam Brooks completed a 30-metre-tall mural on the Eudunda Silos, located in the former railway station precinct. The artwork portrays two children sharing stories about their past, culture, and local connections.[26]
Trails
Eudunda is home to several walking and driving trails:
Eudunda Historic Walking Tour is a walking trail exploring Eudunda's built heritage, encompassing its industrial, agricultural, and trade history, religious influences, and educational development.[27]
Eudunda Mosaic Art Trail is a walking trail that features a collection of mosaic art created by the local community.[28]
Colin Thiele Driving Trail is a car trail of important locations from the author's life in Eudunda.[29]
The former Appelt's General Store, now the Eudunda Roadhouse. Located on South Terrace.
St. John's Lutheran Church, Eudunda. Dedicated in 1980.
The Eudunda office of the Regional Council of Goyder, formerly the office for the District Council of Eudunda.
The Light Hotel, formerly the Royal Hotel.
Part of Bruce Street, Eudunda, looking in a southerly direction.
Related Research Articles
Colin Milton Thiele was an Australian author and educator. He was renowned for his award-winning children's fiction, most notably the novels Storm Boy, Blue Fin, the Sun on the Stubble series, and February Dragon. As Vice Principal and Principal of Wattle Park Teachers College and Principal of Murray Park CAE for much of the 1960s and 70s he had a significant impact on teacher education in South Australia.
The Barossa Light & Gawler Football Association, more commonly referred to as the BL&GFA, is an Australian rules football competition based in the Barossa Valley, Gawler Region and Light Region of South Australia, Australia. Just 42 kilometres north of the state capital of Adelaide, the BL&GFA is an affiliated member of the South Australian National Football League. In 2022, Nuriootpa secured the premiership cup for a record equalling eighth time. The current president of the League is Mick Brien and the major sponsor of the league is the Grant Burge Winery.
The Regional Council of Goyder is a local government area located in the Mid North region of South Australia. The council area is reliant on agriculture as a mainstay of its economy, with manufacturing and tourism also becoming prominent. The council seat is at Burra. A branch office is at Eudunda.
Robertstown is a town in the Mid North region of South Australia, situated 125 km north of Adelaide, in the Regional Council of Goyder. At the 2021 census, Robertstown had a population of 223 people.
Hansborough is a locality along the Thiele Highway, in South Australia's Mid North region. It is situated 9 kilometres south-west of Eudunda and 18 kilometres north-east of Kapunda. The Light River runs through the locality.
The Morgan railway line or North-West Bend railway was a railway line on the South Australian Railways network.
Thiele Highway is a road in South Australia connecting the outskirts of Adelaide to the north-west bend of the River Murray at Morgan, South Australia. It is named after author Colin Thiele, who lived most of his life in towns along the route and set some of his stories in the area.
Worlds End Highway is a road in the Yorke and Mid North region of South Australia running north from Eudunda through Robertstown to Goyder Highway 18 km southeast of Burra. The northern terminus of the highway is in a locality named Worlds End, leading to the name of the highway.
Point Pass is a small town in the Mid North of South Australia, 115 kilometres north of Adelaide. It is located 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) north of Eudunda, in the Regional Council of Goyder. As of 2021, the population of Point Pass was 123.
Bundey is a locality in the Mid North region of South Australia. It is located on Goyder's Line, on the plains between Burra and Morgan in the Regional Council of Goyder. The bounded locality of Bundey corresponds to the boundaries of the cadastral Hundred of Bundey, except for the southwestern corner of the Hundred which is the northeastern corner of the locality of Geranium Plains. Bundey was named in 1878 for politician William Henry Bundey.
Geranium Plains is a small town in the Regional Council of Goyder in South Australia. The post office opened in 1894, but has since closed. There was a proposal to rename it to Iperta in 1916, but this did not go ahead.
The District Council of Burra Burra was a local government area in South Australia from 1935 to 1997.
The District Council of Robertstown was a local government area in South Australia from 1932 to 1997. The central town and council seat was Robertstown.
The District Council of Eudunda was a local government area in South Australia from 1932 to 1997. The central town and council seat was Eudunda. It was established on 12 May 1932 with the amalgamation of the District Council of Julia and the District Council of Neales. By 1936, it was divided up into four wards: Brownlow, Eudunda and Neales and Julia. It met at the District Hall at Eudunda, which had formerly been owned by the Neales council, until 1963. The council existed until 1997, when it amalgamated with the District Council of Burra Burra, the District Council of Hallett and the District Council of Robertstown to form the Regional Council of Goyder.
Baldina is a rural locality in the Mid North region of South Australia, situated in the Regional Council of Goyder. It was established in August 2000, when boundaries were formalised for the "long established local name".
Emu Downs is a rural locality in the Mid North region of South Australia, situated in the Regional Council of Goyder.
Ngapala is a rural locality in the Mid North region of South Australia, situated in the Regional Council of Goyder. It was established in August 2000, when boundaries were formalised for the "long established local name". It is divided between the cadastral Hundreds of English and Julia Creek.
Peep Hill is a rural locality in the Mid North region of South Australia, situated 120km north-east of Adelaide in the Regional Council of Goyder. It was established in August 2000, when boundaries were formalised for the "long established local name". As of 2021, Peep Hill has a population of 22 residents.
The Local Government Areas (Re-arrangement) Acts 1929 and 1931 were acts of the Parliament of South Australia. The application of the acts, via recommendations of the commission of the same name, led to the statewide re-arrangement of local government areas, effected from 1932 to 1935.
Eudunda railway station was located at the junction of the Morgan railway line and the Robertstown railway line. Situated in the town of Eudunda, South Australia, it was located 111 kilometres from Adelaide by rail.
↑ Studies, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (10 November 2022). "Map of Indigenous Australia". aiatsis.gov.au. Retrieved 23 June 2023.
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