Kake Cannery

Last updated

Kake Cannery
Kake Salmon Cannery, 540 Keku Road, Kake (Wrangell-Petersburg Census Area, Alaska).jpg
Kake Salmon Cannery
USA Alaska location map.svg
Red pog.svg
LocationAbout 1 mile (1.6 km) southeast of Kake
Nearest city Kake, Alaska
Coordinates 56°57′53″N133°55′32″W / 56.96471°N 133.9255°W / 56.96471; -133.9255
Area12 acres (4.9 ha)
Built1912
NRHP reference No. 97001677
Significant dates
Added to NRHPDecember 9, 1997 [1]
Designated NHLDDecember 9, 1997 [2]

The Kake Cannery is a historic fish processing facility near Kake, Alaska. Operated by a variety of companies between 1912 and 1977, the cannery was one of many which operated in Southeast Alaska, an area historically rich in salmon. The cannery's surviving buildings are among the best-preserved of the period, and provide a window into the labor practices of the cannery operators, which emphasized production over working conditions, and made significant use of immigrant contract workers. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1997. [2] [3]

Contents

Description and history

The Kake Cannery is located about 1 mile (1.6 km) southeast of the small community of Kake, Alaska, located on the northeastern coast of Kupreanof Island. It is about 90 miles (140 km) south of Juneau. The complex includes 18 buildings, out of an estimated 21 that were built by the cannery's owners and operators during its period of use. All of these buildings are mounted on wooden pilings, and are connected by boardwalks. Its main structures included four large buildings: the main cannery and three warehouses. Warehouse No. 1 housed the company offices and storage facilities, and housed a retail operation. Warehouse No. 2 housed facilities for storing and repairing nets, as well as storing canned fish. The cannery and these two warehouses were built around 1912. Warehouse No. 4 (there is no documented Warehouse No. 3) was built in the 1930s, and housed a mechanized can-forming operation. [3]

The complex includes a variety of living quarters. There are two bunkhouses, one which was specifically designated for Japanese and Filipino workers, and another for whites. A third bunkhouse, for Chinese workers, has not survived. Six single-family dwellings also survive, one set aside for the supervisor, and another for the cook. [3]

Kake cannery Kake Cannery - Kake Alaska.gif
Kake cannery

The cannery was built in 1912 by the Sanborn Cutting Company. It was operated over the next several decades by Sunny Point Packing and the Alaska Pacific Salmon Packing Corporation, growing under the latter in the 1930s to become one of the largest fish packers in the region. During this time, the operators used generally race-based division of labor, assigning positions of responsibility to white men, and various lower-level menial tasks to immigrants from China, Japan, and elsewhere. Native Tlingit were employed to catch fish. Most of this labor was hired through contractor middlemen, who were responsible for housing and feeding the workers. [3]

In 1940 the cannery was purchased by P. E. Harris & Company. The salmon fishery, however, was in decline, and the cannery was closed in 1946. It was sold in 1949 to a Native corporation, and operated as the Keku Cannery, but its packing operation was limited by the reduced fishery, and the eventual banning of the use of traps by the state Alaska after statehood. It was permanently closed in 1977. [3]

See also

Related Research Articles

The Rath Packing Company was a meatpacking company located in Waterloo, Iowa, between 1891 and 1985.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kennecott, Alaska</span> United States historic place

Kennecott, also known as Kennicott and Kennecott Mines, is an abandoned mining camp in the Copper River Census Area in the U.S. state of Alaska that was the center of activity for several copper mines. It is located beside the Kennicott Glacier, northeast of Valdez, inside Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve. The camp and mines are now a National Historic Landmark District administered by the National Park Service.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Copper River and Northwestern Railway</span> United States historic place

The Copper River and Northwestern Railway (CR&NW) consisted of two rail lines, the Copper River line and the Northwestern line. Michael James Heney had secured the right-of-way up the Copper River in 1904. He started building the railway from Cordova, Alaska in 1906. The town of Cordova, Alaska, was actually named by Heney on March 13, 1906, based on the original name given by Salvador Fidalgo. Both these railroads were abandoned and little remains of them. A 0-4-0 locomotive, "Ole", located near Goose City on a siding of the Alaska Anthracite Railroad Company is the only equipment left. Many of the holdings of the CR&NW railroad including Ole were acquired for this railroad by Mr. Clark Davis and his partners in 1908 after a major storm destroyed the Katalla area facilities in 1907. The town of Cordova would like to move Ole to a memorial site in Cordova to celebrate its role in these railroads. Ole was declared eligible for the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

<i>Balclutha</i> (1886) Steel-hulled full rigged ship that was built in 1886

Balclutha, also known as Star of Alaska, Pacific Queen, or Sailing Ship Balclutha, is a steel-hulled full-rigged ship that was built in 1886. She is representative of several different commercial ventures, including lumber, salmon, and grain. She is a U.S. National Historic Landmark and is currently preserved at the San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park in San Francisco, California. She was added to the National Register of Historic Places on 7 November 1976.

<i>C.A. Thayer</i> (1895) Schooner

C.A. Thayer is a schooner built in 1895 near Eureka, California. The schooner has been preserved and open to the public at the San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park since 1963. She is one of the last survivors of the sailing schooners in the West coast lumber trade to San Francisco from Washington, Oregon, and Northern California. She was designated a National Historic Landmark on 13 November 1966.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sitka National Historical Park</span> National Historical Park of the United States

Sitka National Historical Park is a national historical park in Sitka in the U.S. state of Alaska. It was redesignated as a national historical park from its previous status as national monument on October 18, 1972. The park in its various forms has sought to commemorate the Tlingit and Russian experiences in Alaska.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yukon–Charley Rivers National Preserve</span> United States national preserve in Alaska

Yukon–Charley Rivers National Preserve is a United States national preserve located in east central Alaska along the border with Canada. Managed by the National Park Service, the preserve encompasses 130 miles (208 km) of the 1,800-mile (3,000 km) Yukon River and the entire Charley River basin. The preserve protects the undeveloped Charley River and a significant portion of the upper Yukon. The interior Alaskan region experiences extremes of weather, with temperatures that can vary from −50 °F (−46 °C) in winter to 97 °F (36 °C) in summertime. The Yukon provided a means of access to the region, which is entirely roadless, during the late 19th century and early 20th centuries. Gold rushes in Alaska brought prospectors, who operated gold dredges to recover significant quantities of placer gold from area creeks. Today the preserve includes part of the route of the annual Yukon Quest dogsled race, which runs every February. During the summer float trips are popular on the Yukon and Charley Rivers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cannelton Cotton Mill</span> United States historic place

Cannelton Cotton Mill, also known as Indiana Cotton Mill, is a National Historic Landmark of the United States located in Cannelton, Indiana, United States. Built in 1849 as an effort to expand textile milling out of New England, it was the largest industrial building west of the Allegheny Mountains, designed by Thomas Alexander Tefft, an early industrial architect. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1991. The building now houses residences.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cape Spencer Light (Alaska)</span> Lighthouse

The Cape Spencer Light is a lighthouse in Alaska, United States, next to the entrance to Cross Sound and Icy Strait. The light is still an active aid to navigation. It is located on an islet in the southernmost end of Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gulf of Georgia Cannery</span> National Historic Site located in British Columbia, Canada

The Gulf of Georgia Cannery is a National Historic Site of Canada located in Steveston village in Richmond, British Columbia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Union Stockyards (Omaha)</span> Livestock and meat-processing complex

The Union Stockyards of Omaha, Nebraska, were founded in 1883 in South Omaha by the Union Stock Yards Company of Omaha. A fierce rival of Chicago's Union Stock Yards, the Omaha Union Stockyards were third in the United States for production by 1890. In 1947 they were second to Chicago in the world. Omaha overtook Chicago as the nation's largest livestock market and meat packing industry center in 1955, a title which it held onto until 1971. The 116-year-old institution closed in 1999. The Livestock Exchange Building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Church of the Holy Ascension</span> Historic church in Alaska, United States

The Church of the Holy Ascension, also known as the Holy Ascension Orthodox Church, is a prominent landmark in Unalaska, the major community of the western Aleutian Islands in southwestern Alaska. The current church was built in 1894, probably on the site of an 1826 church, and likely using timbers and other elements from the older church. It is one of the oldest churches in Alaska, and is significant as the site from which missionaries brought their religion to the local Aleut people. This evangelization effort was so successful that today's Aleut population is still strongly Orthodox. The church was declared a National Historic Landmark for its architecture, and for its role in the history and culture of Alaska. It is the second cathedral church of the Orthodox Church in America Diocese of Alaska, after St. Michael's Cathedral in Sitka.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">J. C. Lore Oyster House</span> United States historic place

J. C. Lore Oyster House, also known as J. C. Lore and Sons, Inc., Seafood Packing Plant, is located at 14430 Solomons Island Road South, in Solomons, Calvert County, Maryland. It is a large two story, rectangular frame industrial building constructed in 1934 as a seafood packing plant. It replaced a 1922 building that was destroyed by the 1933 Chesapeake Potomac hurricane. It is significant for its historical association with the commercial fisheries of Maryland's Patuxent River region, and architecturally as a substantially unaltered example of an early-20th century seafood packing plant. It has been adapted by the Calvert Marine Museum to house exhibits and many of its original spaces, artifacts, and records have been incorporated into them.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dutch Harbor Naval Operating Base and Fort Mears, U.S. Army</span> United States historic place

The Dutch Harbor Naval Operating Base and Fort Mears were the two military installations built next to each other in Dutch Harbor, on Amaknak Island of the Aleutian Islands in Alaska, by the United States in response to the growing war threat with Imperial Japan during World War II. In 1938, the Navy Board recommended the construction which began in July 1940. The first United States Army troops arrived in June 1941 and an air base constructed by the United States Navy was finished in September 1941. At the time of the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor, these were the only military installations in the Aleutian Islands.

Crescent Porter Hale (1872–1937) was an American industrialist who was involved in the canned salmon industry in Bristol Bay, Alaska throughout his adult life.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Salmon cannery</span> Factory that commercially cans salmon

A salmon cannery is a factory that commercially cans salmon. It is a fish-processing industry that became established on the Pacific coast of North America during the 19th century, and subsequently expanded to other parts of the world that had easy access to salmon.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cairnbrook Historic District</span> Historic district in Pennsylvania, United States

Cairnbrook Historic District is a national historic district located at Shade Township in Somerset County, Pennsylvania. The district includes 132 contributing buildings and 8 contributing structures. It encompasses an area developed by the Loyalhanna Coal and Coke Company of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania between 1912 and 1920. It includes the remaining extant mine resources and the archaeological remains of the mine. They consist of workers' housing, a variety of commercial and social buildings, and a modern draft entry mine with accompanying extractive buildings and structures. Notable buildings include the motor barn, supply house, electric substation, and Loyalhanna Coal and Coke Company Office (1914). The mine operated until 1958.

Sacramento, California, United States, has been an important location in the history of canning thanks to its situation on the intersection of major transportation routes and proximity to large fertile growing areas. Sacramento’s canning industry has prepared a large variety of agricultural products, but is best known for canned tomatoes, earning Sacramento the nickname, "The Big Tomato."

Nikola Bezmalinovic, known as Nick Bez was founder of fishing, canning, and shipping companies in Juneau, Alaska. Nick Bez operated the largest fishing ship at the time the 423-foot, Pacific Explorer. Nick Bez also owned and operated the Nornek cannery, two gold mines, Alaska Southern Packing Company, Peter Pan Seafoods, Alaska Southern Airways, Pacific Exploration Company and the Intercoastal Packing Company as well as West Coast Airlines which became part of Air West. Nick Bez became known as a rags to riches entrepreneur. In 1919 Nikola Bezmalinovic changed his name to Nick Bez. Nick Bez died in 1969.

References

  1. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places . National Park Service. January 23, 2007.
  2. 1 2 "Kake Cannery". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on April 25, 2005. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Linda Cook and Karen Bretz (September 4, 1997). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Kake Cannery / Sanborn Cutting Company, Sunny Point Packing Company, Alaska Pacific Salmon Corporation, P.E. Harris & Company, Keku Cannery" (pdf). National Park Service. and Accompanying 10 photos, exterior, from 1992.  (2.39 MB)