Krivak-class frigate

Last updated

Project 1135M Pytlivyy 2009 G1.jpg
A Krivak II-class frigate Pytlivyy in Sevastopol Bay, 2009.
Class overview
NameKrivak class (Project 1135)
Builders
Operators
Preceded by Riga class
Succeeded by
Subclasses
Planned42
Completed40 (32 × 1135, 1135M, 11352/11353 and 8 × 11351)
Cancelled2 (2 × 11351)
Active4 active in Russia (1 × 1135, 1 × 1135M, 2 × 11351)
Lost1
Retired35
Preserved1
General characteristics
Type Frigate / Patrol ship SKR (Russian classification) [1]
Displacement
  • Standard: 3,300 tons
  • Full: 3,575 tons
Length405.3 ft (123.5 m)
Beam46.3 ft (14.1 m)
Draught15.1 ft (4.6 m)
Propulsion
  • 2 shaft; COGAG
  • 2 × M-8k, 40,000 shp (30,000 kW) or DK59 13.5 MW or DT59 16.9 MW gas-turbines
  • 2 × M-62 7.4 MW or DS71 13.4 gas-turbines (cruise), 14,950 shp (11,150 kW)
Speed32 knots (59 km/h)
Range4,995 nmi (9,251 km) at 14 knots (26 km/h)
Complement200
Sensors and
processing systems
  • Radar: 1 MR-755 Fregat-M/Half Plate air/surf search
  • Sonar: Zvezda-2 suite with MGK-345 Bronza/Ox Yoke bow mounted LF, Ox Tail LF VDS
  • Fire control: Purga ASW combat system, 2 Drakon/Eye Bowl SSM targeting, 2 MPZ-301 Baza/Pop Group
Electronic warfare
& decoys
Start suite with Bell Shroud intercept, Bell Squat jammer, 4 PK-16 decoy RL, 8 PK-10 decoy RL, 2 towed decoys
Armament
Aircraft carried Ka-27 on Krivak III only

The Krivak class, Soviet designation Project 1135 Burevestnik (storm petrel), are a series of frigates and patrol ships [1] built in the Soviet Union primarily for the Soviet Navy since 1970. Later some sub-branches, like the Nerey (Nereus) were designed for coastal patrol by the KGB Border Troops. Until 1977, the ships in the class were considered to be large anti-submarine warfare vessels.

Contents

These ships are commonly known by their NATO reporting class name of Krivak and are divided into Krivak I, Krivak II, Krivak IV (navy), and Krivak III (coast guard) classes.

History

The frigates were designed as a successor to the Riga class. The design started in the late 1950s and matured as an anti-submarine ship in the 1960s. The first ship was Bditelnyy that was commissioned in 1970.

A total of 40 ships were built, 32 ships for the Soviet Navy and 8 modified ships of the Nerey (Krivak III) subclass for the KGB Maritime Border Guard. Currently 2 vessels of the Nerey subclass are in service with the FSB Coast Guard and one was the flagship of the Ukrainian Navy (scuttled in 2022 to avoid capture).

The ship's unique features — the bow missile box, the stack and the angled mast, earned it a rap-like nickname among U. S. sailors that comes from their foreign ship silhouette identification training — "Hot dog pack, Smokestack, Knife in the Back, two Guns in the Back — Krivak." [2] [3]

The Indian Navy ordered six frigates of upgraded Krivak III class as the Talwar class. Three ships were delivered in 2003–2004. Three more were delivered in 2011–2012.

On 12 October 2010, it was announced that the Yantar Shipyard at Kaliningrad had won a contract for construction of three new warships for the Russian Navy. The construction of the frigates for the Russian Navy will be carried out in parallel with the construction of the same-type frigates for the Indian Navy. [4]

Variants

Ships

NameNamesakeBuildersLaid downLaunchedCommissionedFleetStatusNotes
Project 1135 (Krivak I)
Bditelnyy Watchful Yantar, Kaliningrad 21 July 196828 March 197031 December 1970 Baltic Decommissioned in 1996
Bodryy BriskYantar, Kaliningrad15 January 196928 April 197131 December 1971BalticDecommissioned in 1997
Dostoynyy Virtuous Zaliv, Kerch 11 August 19698 May 197131 December 1971 Northern Decommissioned in 1993
Svirepyy FierceYantar, Kaliningrad15 June 197027 January 197129 December 1972BalticDecommissioned in 1993
Silnyy StrongYantar, Kaliningrad15 March 197129 August 197230 June 1973BalticDecommissioned in 1994
Doblestnyy ValorousZaliv, Kerch30 November 197022 February 197328 December 1973NorthernDecommissioned in 1992
Storozhevoy VigilantYantar, Kaliningrad20 July 197221 March 197330 December 1973 Pacific Decommissioned in 2002This ship was involved in a mutiny in 1975, which inspired the novel The Hunt for Red October
Razumnyy CleverYantar, Kaliningrad26 June 197220 July 197330 September 1974PacificDecommissioned in 1998
Razyashchiy StrikingYantar, Kaliningrad28 September 197222 July 197430 December 1974PacificDecommissioned in 1992
Druzhnyy FriendlyYantar, Kaliningrad12 October 197322 January 197530 September 1975BalticDecommissioned in 2002Scrapped 2016
Deyatelnyy ActiveZaliv, Kerch21 June 19725 April 197525 December 1975 Black Sea Decommissioned in 1995
Retivy Ardent Zhdanov, Leningrad 12 June 197414 August 197628 December 1976PacificDecommissioned in 1995
Bezzavetnyy SereneZaliv, Kerch28 May 19767 May 197730 December 1977Black SeaDecommissioned in 2000Collided with USS Yorktown in February 1988 in the Black Sea bumping incident. [8] Transferred to Ukrainian Navy on 1 August 1997
Zadornyy PassionateZhdanov, Leningrad10 November 197725 March 197931 August 1979NorthernDecommissioned in 2005
Bezukoriznennyy IrreproachableZaliv, Kerch12 July 19783 June 197929 December 1979Black SeaDecommissioned in 2000Transferred to Ukrainian Navy on 1 August 1997
Ladnyy HarmoniousZaliv, Kerch25 May 19797 May 198029 December 1980Black SeaActiveCompleted refit in 2021 and returned to the fleet [9]
Poryvistyy ImpetuousZaliv, Kerch21 May 198016 May 198129 December 1981PacificDecommissioned in 1994Transferred to Vladivostok 25 November 1994 as a training base
Project 1135M (Krivak II)
Rezvyy FriskyYantar, Kaliningrad12 December 197330 May 197530 December 1975NorthernDecommissioned in 2001
Rezkiy SharpYantar, Kaliningrad28 July 197417 February 197630 September 1976PacificDecommissioned in 1995
Razitelnyy StrikingYantar, Kaliningrad11 February 19751 July 197631 December 1976Black SeaDecommissioned in 2004Transferred to Ukrainian Navy on 1 August 1997
Grozyashchiy ThreateningYantar, Kaliningrad4 May 19757 February 197730 September 1977PacificDecommissioned in 1995
Neukrotimyy IndomitableYantar, Kaliningrad22 January 19767 September 197730 December 1977BalticDecommissioned in 2009Sank on 5 November 2012 in the Baltic Sea
Gromkiy LoudYantar, Kaliningrad23 June 197611 April 197830 September 1978NorthernDecommissioned in 1998
Bessmennyy UnchangingYantar, Kaliningrad11 January 19779 August 197826 December 1978NorthernDecommissioned in 1998
Gordelivy ProudYantar, Kaliningrad26 July 19773 May 197920 September 1979PacificDecommissioned in 1994
Ryavnyy SpiritedYantar, Kaliningrad1 March 19781 September 197931 December 1979PacificDecommissioned in 1997
Revnostnyy ZealousYantar, Kaliningrad1 March 19781 September 197931 December 1979PacificDecommissioned in 2003
Pytlivyy KeenYantar, Kaliningrad27 June 197916 April 198130 November 1981Black SeaActive [10]
Project 11351 Nerey (Krivak III)
Menzhinskiy Vyacheslav Menzhinsky Zaliv, Kerch14 August 198131 December 198229 December 1983PacificDecommissioned in 1998
Dzerzhinskiy Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky Zaliv, Kerch20 January 19832 March 198429 December 1984PacificActiveServes with Russian Coast Guard. [11]
Oryol
(ex-Imeni XXVII siezda KPSS, ex-Yuri Andropov)
Oryol Zaliv, Kerch26 September 19832 November 198530 September 1986PacificIn reserveServes with Russian Coast Guard. [11]
Pskov
(ex-Imeni 70-letiya VChK-KGB)
Pskov Zaliv, Kerch26 December 198518 February 198729 December 1987PacificDecommissioned in 2002
Anadyr
(ex-Imeni 70-letiya Pogranvoysk)
Anadyr Zaliv, Kerch2 April 19872 March 198830 December 1988PacificDecommissioned in 2002
Kedrov Mikhail Sergeevich Kedrov Zaliv, Kerch4 April 198830 April 198928 December 1989PacificDecommissioned in 2002
Vorovskiy Vatslav Vorovsky Zaliv, Kerch15 May 198928 July 199029 December 1990PacificDecommissioned in 2017
Hetman Sahaidachny
(ex-Kirov)
Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachny Zaliv, Kerch5 October 199029 March 19922 April 1993Scuttled March 2022 to avoid capture [12]
Hetman Vyshnevetskyi
(ex-Krasny Vympel)
Dmytro "Baida" Vyshnevetsky Zaliv, Kerch27 December 1992Scrapped incomplete in 1995
Head no. 210Zaliv, KerchConstruction had begun prior to scrapping, but never laid downScrapped incomplete in 1995 [13] [14]
Project 11352/11353 (Krivak IV)
Lyogky
(ex-Leningradskiy Komsomolets)
Zhdanov, Leningrad22 April 19741 April 197729 September 1977NorthernDecommissioned in 2003
LetuchiyFlightyZhdanov, Leningrad9 March 197719 March 197810 August 1978PacificDecommissioned in 2005
PylkiyFerventZhdanov, Leningrad6 May 197720 August 197828 December 1978BalticDecommissioned in 2012
ZharkiyHeatedZhdanov, Leningrad16 April 19743 November 197529 June 1976NorthernDecommissioned in 2002
Project 11356 (Talwar)
Talwar Sword Baltic Shipyard, Saint Petersburg10 March 199912 May 2000March 2002 (Russia), 18 June 2003 (India)Active
Trishul TridentBaltic Shipyard, Saint Petersburg24 September 199924 October 2000February 2002 (Russia), 25 June 2003 (India)Active
Tabar Battle axeBaltic Shipyard, Saint Petersburg26 May 200025 May 2001January 2004 (Russia), 19 April 2004 (India)Active
Teg SaberYantar, Kaliningrad28 July 200727 October 200927 April 2012 (India)Active
Tarkash QuiverYantar, Kaliningrad27 October 200723 June 2010October 2012 (Russia), 9 November 2012 (India)Active
Trikand Mythological arrow consisting of three arrowheadsYantar, Kaliningrad12 June 200825 May 2011April 2013 (Russia), 29 June 2013 (India)Active
Project 11356R/M (Admiral Grigorovich)
Admiral Grigorovich Ivan Konstantinovich Grigorovich Yantar, Kaliningrad18 December 201014 March 2014[ citation needed ]11 March 2016 [15] Black SeaActive
Admiral Essen Nikolai Ottovich Essen Yantar, Kaliningrad8 July 2011 [16] [17] 7 November 2014 [18] 7 June 2016 [19] Black SeaActive
Admiral Makarov [20] [21] [22] Stepan Osipovich Makarov Yantar, Kaliningrad29 February 2012 [23] 2 September 2015 [24] 27 December 2017 [25] Black SeaActive
ex-Admiral Butakov Grigory Ivanovich Butakov Yantar, Kaliningrad13 July 2013 [26] 5 March 2016 [27] By 2024 [7] [28] [29] Sold to India, under construction
ex-Admiral Istomin Vladimir Ivanovich Istomin Yantar, Kaliningrad15 November 2013[ citation needed ]16 November 2017 [30] By 2024 [28]
ex-Admiral Kornilov Vladimir Alexeyevich Kornilov Yantar, Kaliningrad [31] 16 November 2017 [30] By 2026 [28] 2016 report indicated sold to India; [32] but later simply reported as to be sold abroad [33]

See also

Related Research Articles

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The Talwar-class frigates or Project 11356 are a class of stealth guided missile frigates designed and built by Russia for the Indian Navy. The Talwar-class guided missile frigates are the improved versions of the Krivak III-class frigates used by the Russian Coast Guard. The design has been further developed as the Admiral Grigorovich-class frigate for the Russian Navy. Six ships were built in two batches between 1999 and 2013.

INS <i>Tarkash</i>

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<i>Admiral Grigorovich</i>-class frigate Russian class of frigates

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Soviet frigate <i>Bodryy</i>

Bodryy was a Project 135 Burevestnik-class Large Anti-Submarine Ship or Krivak-class frigate. Launched on 15 April 1971, the vessel served with the Soviet Navy until it was dissolved and then was transferred to the Russian Navy. The ship played a key role in helping the Soviets develop techniques for tracking ballistic missile submarines in the 1970s. Bodryy was retired on 17 July 1997 and scrapped.

Soviet frigate <i>Bditelnyy</i> Krivak-class frigate

Bditel'nyy or Bditelnyy was a Project 1135 Burevestnik Large Anti-Submarine Ship or Krivak-class frigate that served with the Soviet and Russian Navies. Launched on 28 March 1970, the vessel served as part of the Baltic Fleet but operated more widely than the Baltic Sea, demonstrating the emerging blue water capability of the Navy. A dedicated anti-submarine vessel, with an armament built around the Metel system, the ship spent the period between 26 December 1970 and 30 September 1971 undertaking trials and tests to prove the new systems. During that time General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev and Admiral of the Fleet Sergey Gorshkov were both hosted on board. The vessel then subsequently undertook tracking of submarines in the Baltic, Black and Mediterranean Seas, and even travelled as far as Cuba, crossing the Atlantic Ocean. The ship also visited friendly ports like Annaba in Algeria, Gdynia in Poland and Rostock in East Germany. With the end of the Cold War, the ship also travelled to Belgium and visited Antwerp. During June 1993, Bditelnyy took part in BALTOPS-93, the first joint exercise between NATO and Russia. However, soon afterwards, the ship was retired and, on 31 July 1996, decommissioned and subsequently broken up.

Soviet frigate <i>Razumnyy</i> Krivak-class frigate

Razumnyy was a 1135 Burevestnik-class Large Anti-Submarine Ship or 'Krivak' class frigate that served with the Soviet and Russian Navies. Launched on 20 July 1973, the vessel operated as part of the Pacific Fleet, as a dedicated anti-submarine vessel, with an armament built around the Metel Anti-Ship Complex. The vessel undertook a number of tours, visiting the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen and India. The ship was decommissioned on 16 March 1998 and subsequently disarmed ready to be broken up before the end of the year.

Soviet frigate <i>Druzhny</i>

Druzhny was a Project 1135 Burevestnik-class Large Anti-Submarine Ship or Krivak-class frigate. Launched on 22 January 1975, the vessel served with the Soviet Navy until it was dissolved and then was transferred to the Russian Navy. After being retired on 10 April 2002, there was an unsuccessful attempt to refit the warship as a shopping and leisure facility, but instead the vessel was scrapped.

Russian frigate <i>Admiral Makarov</i> Frigate of the Admiral Grigorovich class

Admiral Makarov is an Admiral Grigorovich-class frigate of the Russian Navy, part of the Black Sea Fleet based at Sevastopol. She was laid down at the Yantar Shipyard in February 2012 and commissioned on 25 December 2017. She is the most recently built of her class, and the third of six ships that had been planned in the class as of November 2014.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yantar Shipyard</span>

Yantar Shipyard is a Russian shipbuilding company based in Kaliningrad, Russia.

Soviet frigate <i>Svirepyy</i> Krivak-class frigate

Svirepyy was a Project 1135 Burevestnik-class Large Anti-Submarine Ship or Krivak-class frigate that served with the Soviet Navy. Displacing 3,200 tonnes full load, the vessel was built around the Metel anti-submarine missile system. The ship was launched on 27 January 1971 in Kaliningrad and joined the Baltic Fleet. The ship's service was not restricted to the Baltic Sea and instead travelled widely, visiting a number of foreign friendly ports during the next two decades, including Gdynia, Poland and Havana, Cuba. Svirepyy was designated a Guard Ship from 1977 as Soviet strategy changed to one creating safe areas for friendly submarines close to the coast. However, the ship continued to travel widely, including trips to the capital cities of both Finland and Tunisia as well as Rostock in East Germany. Svirepyy was transferred to the Russian Navy after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, but did not last long before being decommissioned on 30 June 1993 and subsequently broken up.

Soviet frigate <i>Razyashchiy</i> Krivak-class frigate

Razyashchiy was a Project 1135 Burevestnik-class Large Anti-Submarine Ship or Krivak-class frigate of the Soviet Navy. Displacing 3,200 tonnes full load, the vessel was built around the Metel anti-submarine missile system. Launched on 22 July 1974, Razyashchiy joined the Pacific Fleet of the Soviet Navy. While serving in the Arabian Sea, in 1983, Razyashchiy suffered minor hull damage from colliding with the destroyer USS Fife while approaching a US fleet. The ship also undertook visits to Port Louis, Mauritius, and Danang, Vietnam, to, among other objectives, enhance the relationships between these countries and the Soviet Union. In 1991, the vessel was transferred to the newly-formed Russian Navy. After nearly twenty years of service, however, Razyashchiy was in a poor state and so was decommissioned on 29 October 1992 and sold to be broken up on 6 October 1994.

Soviet frigate <i>Revnostnyy</i> Krivak-class frigate

Revnostnyy was a Project 1135M Burevestnik-class Guard Ship or 'Krivak' class frigate that served with the Soviet Navy. Launched on 23 April 1980, the vessel operated as part of the Pacific Fleet as an anti-submarine vessel, with an armament built around the Metel Anti-Ship Complex. Revnostnyy patrolled extensively as far afield as the Arabian Peninsula and Sea of Japan. The ship undertook a friendly visit to India in 1984 and, during the following year, formed part of the escort for a flotilla led by the Soviet aircraft carrier Novorossiysk which helped develop Soviet tactics for carrier-borne aircraft. Taken out of service for an overhaul in 1988, Revnostnyy was instead placed in reserve until 24 July 2003, when the ship was decommissioned and sold to be broken up.

Soviet frigate <i>Gromkiy</i> Krivak-class frigate

Gromkiy was a Project 1135M Burevestnik-class Guard Ship or 'Krivak II'-class frigate that served with the Soviet and Russian Navies. Launched on 11 April 1978, the vessel operated as part of the Northern Fleet as an anti-submarine vessel, with an armament built around the URPK-5 Rastrub missile system. In 1991, the ship took part in the semicentennial commemoration of the first of the arctic convoys of the Second World War alongside the Royal Navy frigate HMS London. Soon afterwards, the ship was transferred to the Russian Navy following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Gromkiy served for less than two years in this new role before being withdrawn for repairs and, ultimately, decommissioning on 16 March 1998.

Soviet frigate <i>Pytlivyy</i> Krivak-class frigate

Pytlivyy is a Project 1135M Burevestnik-class Guard Ship or 'Krivak II'-class frigate that served with the Soviet and Russian navies. Launched on 16 April 1981, the vessel was designed to operate as an anti-submarine vessel, with an armament built around the Metel Anti-Ship Complex. Part of the Black Sea Fleet, the vessel undertook friendly visits to Algeria, Greece, and Malta, at the last hosting a meeting between the Soviet and US leaders Mikhail Gorbachev and George H. W. Bush. In 1991, the ship was transferred to the Russian Navy following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, and, following a three-year repair, took part in a number of joint exercises with other navies. For example, 2003 found the vessel operating alongside the Indian Navy and 2005 with the Italian Navy. In 2006, Pytlivyy took part in NATO's Operation Active Endeavour and subsequently formed part of Russia's presence in the Mediterranean Sea in the war against terrorism in the early 21st century. The ship also operated as part of the Russian intervention in the Syrian civil war. As of 2021, Pytlivyy remains in service.

Soviet frigate <i>Rezvyy</i> Krivak-class frigate

Rezvyy or Rezvy was the lead Project 1135M Burevestnik-class Guard Ship or 'Krivak II'-class frigate. Launched on 30 May 1975, the vessel was designed to operate in an anti-submarine role in the Soviet Navy, with armament built around the Metel Anti-Ship Complex. Part of the Northern Fleet, the vessel undertook operations in the Atlantic Ocean, including visits to Congo and Cuba, and participating in the Atlantic-84 major naval exercise in 1984. After a major refit between 1989 and 1992, Rezvyy was recommissioned into the Russian Navy. The ship continued to travel, visiting Norway in 1993. After more than twenty-five years service, Rezvyy was decommissioned on 1 June 2001 and subsequently broken up.

Soviet frigate <i>Silnyy</i> Krivak-class frigate

Silnyy or Silny was a Soviet Navy Project 1135 Burevestnik-class Large Anti-Submarine Ship or Krivak-class frigate. Displacing 3,200 tonnes full load, the vessel was built around the Metel anti-submarine missile system. Launched on 29 August 1972, Silnyy served with the Baltic Fleet. The vessel undertook a number of visits to nations friendly to the Soviet Union, including Cape Verde, Cuba, East Germany and Poland. In 1976, while escorting the aircraft carrier Kiev, the ship had a close encounter with the cruiser USS Josephus Daniels, although neither vessel was damaged. Silnyy was taken out of service for repairs in 1990. However, lack of funds meant that, instead, the ship was decommissioned on 30 June 1994 and broken up.

Soviet frigate <i>Bessmennyy</i> Krivak-class frigate

Bessmennyy was a Project 1135M Burevestnik-class Guard Ship or 'Krivak II'-class frigate that served with the Soviet and Russian Navies. The vessel was the seventh of the class to enter service. Launched on 17 September 1977, Bessmennyy was designed to operate as an anti-submarine vessel with the Northern Fleet, using an armament built around the Metel Anti-Ship Complex. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, in 1991, the ship was transferred to the Russian Navy and took part in a pioneering visit to Gibraltar two years later, the first time that Russian warships had visited the territory in living memory. Bessmennyy was retired on 16 March 1998, disarmed and subsequently broken up.

Russian frigate <i>Oryol</i> (1985) Krivak-class frigate

Oryol is a Project 11351 Nerey-class frigate of the Coast Guard of the Border Service of the FSB of Russia. Previously the ship served in the KGB Border Troops Naval Service as Imeni XXVII siezda KPSS.

Russian frigate <i>Pskov</i> Krivak-class frigate

Pskov was a Project 11351 Nerey-class frigate of the Coast Guard of the Federal Security Service of Russia. Previously the ship served in the KGB Border Troops Naval Service as Imeni 70-letiya VChK-KGB.

Russian frigate <i>Anadyr</i> Krivak-class frigate

Anadyr was a Project 11351 Nerey-class frigate of the Coast Guard of the Federal Security Service of Russia. Previously the ship served in the KGB Border Troops Naval Service as Imeni 70-letiya Pogranvoysk.

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Further reading