Lalduhoma | |
---|---|
6th Chief Minister of Mizoram | |
Assumed office 8 December 2023 | |
Governor | Kambhampati Hari Babu |
Preceded by | Zoramthanga |
Member of Mizoram Legislative Assembly | |
Assumed office 2018 | |
Preceded by | Lal Thanhawla |
Constituency | Serchhip |
In office 2008–2013 | |
Constituency | Aizawl West 1 |
In office 2003–2008 | |
Constituency | Ratu |
Member of Parliament for Mizoram | |
In office 1984–1989 | |
Preceded by | R. Rothuama |
Succeeded by | C. Silvera |
Personal details | |
Born | Tualpui,Mizoram | 22 February 1949
Political party | Zoram People's Movement |
Spouse | Liansailovi |
Children | Three sons |
Residence(s) | Aizawl,Mizoram |
Lalduhoma (alternatively spelled Lalduhawma; [1] born 22 February 1949) [2] is an Indian politician who serves as the 6th Chief Minister of Mizoram since 8 December 2023. Formerly an Indian Police Service officer,he resigned from the security service to the Prime Minister Indira Gandhi,and was elected as Member of Parliament to the Lok Sabha from Mizoram and President of the Mizoram Pradesh Congress Committee (a branch of the Indian National Congress) in 1984. He however left the party from which he was elected two years later,for which he was disqualified from the Parliament. He became the first MP in India to be discharged based upon its anti-defection law. [3]
Lalduhoma is the founder and president of Zoram Nationalist Party,a regional political party in Mizoram. His party joined the coalition party Zoram People's Movement,and he was chosen as its first Chief Ministerial candidate in the 2018 Mizoram Legislative Assembly election. [4] He was elected from Aizawl West I and Serchhip constituencies,and chose to represent Serchhip since 2018.
While serving as leader of the legislature's opposition,he was disqualified as a Member of the Legislative Assembly on a charge of breaching the anti-defection law in 2020,becoming the first such case in India's state legislatures. [5] He was re-elected via the same Serchhip constituency in a by-election in 2021. [6] In the 2023 Mizoram Legislative Assembly election,the ZPM was elected in a landslide,defeating the ruling MNF.
Lalduhoma is the son of a farmer,Vaisanga (L) and his wife Kaichhingi at Tualpui village. He is the youngest of four siblings. He studied at Khawzawl elementary and middle schools,and completed matriculation from G.M. High School at Champhai. He was appointed in 1972 as Principal Assistant at the Chief Minister's Office by Ch. Chhunga,the first Chief Minister of Mizoram. While working,he enrolled for an evening course of bachelor's degree and graduated with distinction from Gauhati University. [7]
From 1972 to 1977 Lalduhoma worked as Personal Assistant to the Chief Minister of Mizoram. Following his graduation,he appeared for Indian civil services examinations at Shillong. [7] Qualifying the Indian Police Service in 1977,he was posted as Assistant Superintendent of the Panaji subdivision in Goa. [8] He soon made a reputation in his skill and gallantry in tracking and fighting against drug pedlars. [9] [10] His senior officer had warned him that it was impossible to crush any gang in Goa. Lalduhoma took up the challenged and went undercover,joined one of the largest gangs and becoming a trusted member. After a few month,he became the top boss (Deputy Leader as he was designated),the position of which he used to dismantle the entire organisation. [7] News of his feat spread,and impressed the then-Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. In 1982,he was transferred to serve as security in charge of the Prime Minister at New Delhi. [11] He was promoted to Deputy Commissioner of Police ahead of seven of his senior officers. He remained close the Gandhi family. He was secretary of the organising committee of the 1982 Asian Games,chaired by Rajiv Gandhi. [7]
Inspired by Gandhi to work in politics (particularly regarding political and social turmoil that started in Mizoram in 1966 due to the Mizo National Front insurgency),Lalduhoma resigned from the police service to join the Indian National Congress party in 1984. Indira Gandhi's ministry entrusted him to resolve the insurgency by negotiating with the MNF leader,Laldenga. He visited Laldenga in London and persuaded him to join a peace talk with the Government of India. He also convinced Laldenga to inform the Mizo people that INC was the instrumental party of peace. As the elected Chief Minister Lal Thanhawla later reported,the recorded message made by Lalduhoma was key in the success of INC in the 1984 Mizoram Legislative Assembly election. [12] Lalduhoma contested this result from the Lunglei constituency, [7] but lost to Lalhmingthanga of People's Conference party. [8] Realising his political situation,Indira Gandhi told the Governor of Mizoram H. S. Dubey to make provision and privileges for Lalduhoma. [7] Laduhoma was immediately appointed as Vice-Chairman of Mizoram State Planning Board,at the rank of cabinet ministers. [13]
Lalduhoma was elected on 31 May 1984 as President of Mizoram INC. [7] His political goal focussed on peace talks,and he arranged for Ladenga to return to India. Laldenga and Indira Gandhi were scheduled to meet in the afternoon of 31 October,but Gandhi was assassinated in that morning. [14] In the 1984 Lok Sabha election in December,Laduhoma was elected as an INC candidate from the Mizoram constituency. He was compelled to abdicate as President of INC the same year. [10] As his party failed to meet his expectations regarding peace actions,and accusations against him of conspiring against his party leaders,especially the president Lal Thanhawla,he withdrew his membership from INC in 1986. [8] This represented a violation of the provision under the Anti-Defection Law of 1985 to remain in respective parties after legislative election. According to the Constitution of India (Fifty-Second Amendment of 1985) Tenth Schedule (paragraph 2 clause 1a),members of the Parliament and state legislature can be disqualified if they leave the party for which they were elected. [15] The Lok Sabha Speaker disqualified him on 24 November 1988,and he became the first MP to be disqualified under the anti-defection law in India for giving up membership of the party which he represented. [16] He later commented,saying,"I am proud of my first defection,of that decision... [because it was] for the cause of peace in my state,because the peace process was getting delayed." [17] He formed Mizo National Union (MNU) (which later merged with Mizoram People's Conference) in 1986 and was made working President. [7]
Lalduhoma,supported by the Students' Joint Action Committee and other political parties,created the Action for Peace Committee in 1986. [18] While visiting New Delhi,Lalduhoma was informed that the state government had delayed the peace talk. The committee demanded that the state ministry resign from the legislature,organising public protests in early June followed by a mass hunger strike on 23 June. [19] The protests prompted a peace talk that culminated in the signing of the Mizoram Peace Accord on 30 June. [14]
The insurgency was officially terminated and the Mizo National Front became a recognised political party which was offered the state legislature. Lalduhoma briefly joined MNF as an advisor,but soon split from them to establish Mizo National Front (Nationalist),which was renamed Zoram Nationalist Party in 1997. As a ZNP candidate,he was elected to the Mizoram Legislative Assembly from the Ratu Assembly Constituency in the 2003 election,and from the Aizawl West 1 Constituency in the 2008 election. [20]
In the 2018 election,he and his party joined a coalition party,the Zoram People's Movement (ZPM). The party officially declared him the Chief Ministerial candidate. [21] This coalition party could not obtain recognition from the Election Commission of India as an official party at the time,so he contested as an independent candidate. He was elected in two constituencies,Aizawl West I and Serchhip,and chose to represent Serchhip,where he defeated the incumbent Chief Minister Lal Thanhawla by 410 votes. [22]
He was elected as the leader of the opposition bench of the Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) in the Mizoram Legislative Assembly. [23] He continued to serve as leader of ZPM,which became a registered political party in 2019. In September 2020,12 MLAs from the ruling party,Mizo National Front,submitted a representation to the Mizoram Legislative Assembly Speaker Lalrinliana Sailo that Lalduhoma had violated the anti-defection law,because he had served as the leader of ZPM party while being elected as an independent candidate. [24] [25] According to the Anti-Defection Law (paragraph 2 clause 2),an independently elected member can be disqualified if he/she joins any party after election. [15] Lalduhoma was disappointed and said,"I contested as independent because the registration of my party ZPM was not complete... The law is to punish defectors who join another party but I have remained faithful to the ZPM... My case is unprecedented in India." [17] On 27 November 2020,the Speaker officially disqualified him from the legislature. [11] He became the first MLA to be removed from the Mizoram Legislative Assembly,or any state legislature in India. [23] [5]
In a bypoll of the Serchhip constituency on 17 April 2021,Lalduhoma reclaimed the legislative seat by defeating his major opponent Vanlalzawma of the MNF party by 3,310 votes. [6]
Lalduhoma took oath as the 6th Chief Minister of Mizoram on 8 December 2023. He declared that farmers would be the main priority for his government,and that the new government will buy ginger,turmeric,chilli and broomsticks from the farmers. He also pledged to improve the state's fiscal condition. [26]
Lalduhoma is married to Liansailovi. [7] They have two sons and live at Chawlhhmun,Aizawl. [2]
The Mizo National Front is a regional political party in Mizoram,India. MNF emerged from the Mizo National Famine Front,which was formed by Pu Laldenga to protest against the inaction of the Government of India towards the famine situation in the Mizo areas of the Assam state in 1959. It staged a major uprising in 1966,followed by years of underground activities. In 1986,it signed the Mizoram Accord with the Government of India,renouncing secession and violence. The MNF then began contesting elections and has formed state government in Mizoram three times. It is currently the state's opposition party,with its president,Zoramthanga,as the Former Chief Minister of Mizoram.
Zoram Nationalist Party is a political party in Mizoram,India. The party was formerly known as Mizo National Front (Nationalist). It was founded by former MP Lalduhoma. MNF(N) was formed in 1997 through a split in the Mizo National Front.
Laldenga was a Mizo separatist and politician from Mizoram in northeast India. He was the founder of the Mizo National Front,a social organisation turned political party. He was the first Chief Minister of Mizoram as a federated state,the office of which he held from 1986 to 1988.
Brigadier Ṭhenphunga Sailo,AVSM (1922–2015) was an Indian military officer and politician who served as the 2nd Chief Minister of Mizoram. He founded the Mizoram People's Conference,one of the major political parties in Mizoram. He was a recipient of Ati Vishisht Seva Medal and Padma Shri for his military service and humanitarian works,and the Mizo Award for his lifetime achievements.
Pu Lal Thanhawla is an Indian politician and former Chief Minister of Mizoram,belonging to the Indian National Congress party. He holds the record for longest-serving Chief Minister of Mizoram,occupying the position for five terms:1984 to 1986,1989 to 1993,1993 to 1998,2008 to 2013,and 2013 to 2018. He served as President of the Mizoram Pradesh Congress Committee from 1973 to 2021. His electoral constituencies were Serchhip and Hrangturzo from where he successfully contested the Mizoram Legislative Assembly elections nine times,in 1978,1979,1984,1987,1989,1993,2003,2008,and 2013.
The Mizo National Front uprising was a revolt against the government of India aimed at establishing a sovereign nation state for the Mizo people,which started on 28 February 1966. On 1 March 1966,the Mizo National Front (MNF) made a declaration of independence,after launching coordinated attacks on the Government offices and security forces post in different parts of the Mizo district in Assam. The government retaliated and recaptured all the places seized by the MNF by 25 March 1966.
Mizo Zirlai Pawl is a Mizo multinational student organization and apex students body in Mizoram state. Established on 27 October 1935 in Shillong by Mizo earlier educated students. Originally as the Lushai Students Association (LSA),which was later replaced with the "Mizo Zirlai Pawl" on 1 September 1946. As Mizoram State government notified MZP raising day 27 October was observed as "Zirlaite Ni" from 2008 in Mizoram. It was registered as SR No. 35 of 1969–70 under Indian Societies Registration Act. Its general headquarters is in the state capital of Mizoram,Aizawl. And it has 12 headquarters inside and outside of Mizoram state,such as Churachandpur,Behliangchhip,and in Mizoram state - Serchhip,Biate,Champhai,Darlawn,Kolasib,Mamit,Zawlnuam,Saitual,Lunglei and Khawzawl. It has 50 Sub-Headquarters and many branches.
Robert Romawia Royte is an Indian politician from Aizawl,Mizoram. He had been elected to the Mizoram Legislative Assembly 2018 from Aizawl East - II Constituency,and from Hachek Constituency from the Mizoram Legislative Assembly 2023. He was the Minister of State in the MNF ministry and held the portfolios of Sports and Youth Services,Tourism and Information and Communication Technology.
Zoramthanga is an Indian politician and former Chief Minister of Mizoram from 1998 to 2008 and 2018 to 2023. He is also the president of Mizo National Front (MNF) party. He represents the Aizawl East I constituency in the Mizoram Legislative Assembly since 2018 and Champhai constituency from 1998 to 2008.
The Mizoram Peace Accord,1986 was an official agreement between the Government of India and the Mizo National Front (MNF) to end insurgency and violence in Mizoram,India,that started in 1966. The Mizo National Front was an organisation of Mizo secessionists led by Laldenga to fight for independence from India. The movement was basically due to lack of support from the government during the great famine in Mizoram in the late 1950s. Political insurgency and social unrest ensued in the next decades. After a number of negotiations,the document titled Mizoram Accord,1986:Memorandum of Settlement was finally signed on 30 June 1986. It was signed by Laldenga for MNF,R.D. Pradhan,Home Secretary,Government of India,and Lalkhama,Chief Secretary,Government of Mizoram. It is remarked as the most and only successful peace agreement in India after its independence from British Empire in 1947.
The Zoram People's Movement is an alliance of six regional parties formed under the leadership of MLA and former IPS Officer Lalduhoma. The party advocates for secularism and the protection of religious minorities in India. In the 2023 Mizoram Assembly polls,the party won 27 seats out of 40 seats and Lalduhoma became the Chief Minister of Mizoram.
Hnahthial district is one of the eleven districts of Mizoram state in India. The creation of Hnahthial District was first notified on 12 September 2008 but until 2020,it remained non-functional despite a number of promises made by top political leaders and an all-out effort by Hnahthial District Function Demand Committee to let the state government make it functional. Hnahthial district was made functional only 12 years later on 3 June 2019 with the creation of the office of the Deputy Commissioner.
Serchhip is one of the 40 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Mizoram state in India. it has been a constituency since the first elections in the state in 1972.
Legislative Assembly elections were held in Mizoram on 7 November 2023 to elect all 40 members of Mizoram Legislative Assembly,which had 174 candidates and saw 80.66% voter turnout. The votes were counted on 4 December 2023 which showed the Zoram People's Movement's victory winning 27 seats out of 40.
Lalrinpuii is an Indian politician in the state of Mizoram. She is currently serving as an MLA from Lunglei East constituency of Lunglei district. She is the first woman to become a minister of Mizoram with cabinet rank on 8 December 2024 when she took oath as the Minister for health,social welfare and tribal affairs,women and child development,and tourism portfolios.
K. Sapdanga is an Indian politician and a journalist who is elected as a Member of the Mizoram Legislative Assembly in December 2023 from Aizawl North 3 Assembly constituency. He is a Cabinet Minister under the Zoram People's Movement government led by Lalduhoma,as Chief Minister. with the following portfolios allocated to him - Home Department,Urban Development &Poverty Alleviation Department,Department of Personnel &Administrative Reforms and Disaster Management &Rehabilitation Department. He is the working president of Zoram People's Movement.
Lorrain Lalpekliana Chinzah is an Indian politician in the state of Mizoram. He is currently serving as Adviser to Chief Minister on Health &Family Welfare &Agriculture. He was elected as an MLA from Lawngtlai East constituency of Lawngtlai district. In the 2023 Mizoram Legislative Assembly Elections he defeated sitting MLA H. Biakzaua by a huge margin of 2,101 votes.
Vanlalhlana is an Indian politician from Mizoram,who is currently the Cabinet Minister for Public Works,Transport and Parliamentary Affairs Department for the Government of Mizoram.