The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) is one of the two major parties in the political system of the Republic of India, the other being the Indian National Congress (INC). [1] [2] As of 2015 [update] , it is the country's largest political party in terms of representation in the national parliament. [3] Established in 1980, the BJP's platform is generally considered as the right-wing of the political spectrum. [4] As of 19 December 2023 [update] , 52 BJP leaders have held the position of a chief minister and Deputy Chief Minister out of which twelve and Eleven are incumbent.
A chief minister is the head of government of each of the twenty-eight states and three union territories (UTs) (Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir and Puducherry). According to the Constitution of India, at the state-level, the governor is de jure head, but de facto executive authority rests with the chief minister. Following elections to the state legislative assembly, the governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government. The governor appoints the chief minister, whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly. The chief minister's term is usually for a maximum of five years, with the confidence of the assembly's confidence. There are no limits to the number of terms the chief minister can serve. [5] Deputy Chief Minister is a member of the state government and usually the second highest ranking executive officer of their state's council of ministers. While not a constitutional office, it seldom carries any specific powers.[1] A deputy chief minister usually also holds a cabinet portfolio such as home minister or finance minister. In the parliamentary system of government, the Chief Minister is treated as the "first among equals" in the cabinet; the position of deputy chief minister is used to bring political stability and strength within a coalition government.
Of the 52 BJP chief ministers, twelve are incumbent – Pema Khandu in Arunachal Pradesh, Himanta Biswa Sarma in Assam, Vishnu Deo Sai in Chhattisgarh, Pramod Sawant in Goa, Bhupendrabhai Patel in Gujarat, Nayab Singh Saini in Haryana, Mohan Yadav in Madhya Pradesh, N. Biren Singh in Manipur, Bhajan Lal Sharma in Rajasthan, Manik Saha in Tripura, Pushkar Singh Dhami in Uttarakhand, and Yogi Adityanath in Uttar Pradesh. Four of the BJP chief ministers have been women – Sushma Swaraj in Delhi, Uma Bharti in Madhya Pradesh, Anandiben Patel in Gujarat and Vasundhara Raje in Rajasthan. Shivraj Singh Chauhan, who is chief minister of Madhya Pradesh for more than 15 years has been the longest-serving chief minister from the BJP. Devendra Fadnavis's second tenure as the chief minister of Maharashtra lasted for only three days, which is the least tenure among chief ministers from BJP; however, taking the total of all the tenures into consideration, Sushma Swaraj served as a chief minister of Delhi for the shortest period of 52 days. Bhairon Singh Shekhawat of Rajasthan was the first chief minister from the BJP; however some BJP leaders had already been elected before as the chief minister while being a member of the Janata Party (JP), an amalgam of political parties which included BJP's predecessor Bharatiya Jana Sangh. [6] There have been seven chief ministers in Uttarakhand from the BJP, six chief ministers in Gujarat, five chief ministers in Madhya Pradesh, four chief ministers in Karnataka and Uttar Pradesh each, and three in Delhi, Goa, Himachal Pradesh and Jharkhand each.
Portrait | Name | Term in office | Assembly | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gegong Apang [lower-greek 1] | 31 August 2003 | 29 August 2004 | 364 days | 6th | |
Pema Khandu* [lower-greek 2] | 31 December 2016 | 28 May 2019 | 7 years, 103 days | 9th | |
29 May 2019 | Incumbent | 10th |
Portrait | Name | Term in office | Assembly | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sarbananda Sonowal | 24 May 2016 | 9 May 2021 | 4 years, 350 days | 14th | |
Himanta Biswa Sarma* | 10 May 2021 | Incumbent | 2 years, 338 days | 15th |
Portrait | Name | Term in office | Assembly | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Raman Singh | 7 December 2003 | 11 December 2008 | 15 years, 9 days | 2nd | |
12 December 2008 | 11 December 2013 | 3rd | |||
12 December 2013 | 16 December 2018 | 4th | |||
Vishnu Deo Sai* | 13 December 2023 | Incumbent | 121 days | 6th |
Portrait | Name | Term in office | Assembly | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Madan Lal Khurana | 2 December 1993 | 26 February 1996 | 2 years, 86 days | 1st | |
Sahib Singh Verma | 26 February 1996 | 12 October 1998 | 2 years, 228 days | ||
Sushma Swaraj | 12 October 1998 | 3 December 1998 | 52 days |
Portrait | Name | Term in office | Assembly | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Manohar Parrikar | 24 October 2000 | 2 June 2002 | 4 years, 101 days | 8th | |
3 June 2002 | 2 February 2005 | 9th | |||
9 March 2012 | 8 November 2014 | 2 years, 244 days | 11th | ||
14 March 2017 | 17 March 2019 | 2 years, 3 days | 12th | ||
Laxmikant Parsekar | 8 November 2014 | 13 March 2017 | 2 years, 125 days | 11th | |
Pramod Sawant* | 19 March 2019 | 27 March 2022 | 5 years, 24 days | 12th | |
28 March 2022 | Incumbent | 13th |
Portrait | Name | Term in office | Assembly | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Keshubhai Patel | 14 March 1995 | 21 October 1995 | 221 days | 9th | |
4 March 1998 | 6 October 2001 | 3 years, 216 days | 10th | ||
Suresh Mehta | 21 October 1995 | 19 September 1996 | 334 days | 9th | |
Narendra Modi | 7 October 2001 | 21 December 2002 | 12 years, 227 days | 10th | |
22 December 2002 | 22 December 2007 | 11th | |||
23 December 2007 | 25 December 2012 | 12th | |||
26 December 2012 | 22 May 2014 | 13th | |||
Anandiben Patel | 22 May 2014 | 6 August 2016 | 2 years, 76 days | ||
Vijay Rupani | 7 August 2016 | 25 December 2017 | 5 years, 37 days | ||
26 December 2017 | 13 September 2021 | 14th | |||
Bhupendrabhai Patel | 13 September 2021 | 11 December 2022 | 2 years, 212 days | ||
12 December 2022 | Incumbent | 15th |
Portrait | Name | Term in office | Assembly | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Manohar Lal Khattar | 26 October 2014 | 26 October 2019 | 9 years, 138 days | 13th | |
27 October 2019 | 12 March 2024 | 14th | |||
12 March 2024 | Incumbent | 31 days | |||
Portrait | Name | Term in office | Assembly | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shanta Kumar [lower-greek 3] | 5 March 1990 | 15 December 1992 | 2 years, 285 days | 7th | |
Prem Kumar Dhumal | 24 March 1998 | 5 March 2003 | 4 years, 346 days | 9th | |
30 December 2007 | 25 December 2012 | 4 years, 361 days | 11th | ||
Jai Ram Thakur | 27 December 2017 | 11 December 2022 | 4 years, 349 days | 13th |
Portrait | Name | Term in office | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Babulal Marandi | 15 November 2000 | 18 March 2003 | 2 years, 123 days | 1st | |
Arjun Munda | 18 March 2003 | 2 March 2005 | 1 year, 349 days | ||
12 March 2005 | 19 September 2006 | 1 year, 191 days | 2nd | ||
11 September 2010 | 18 January 2013 | 2 years, 129 days | 3rd | ||
Raghubar Das | 28 December 2014 | 29 December 2019 | 5 years, 1 day | 4th |
Portrait | Name | Term in office | Assembly | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
B. S. Yediyurappa | 12 November 2007 | 19 November 2007 | 5 years, 81 days | 12th | |
30 May 2008 | 4 August 2011 | 13th | |||
17 May 2018 | 23 May 2018 | 15th | |||
26 July 2019 | 28 July 2021 | ||||
Sadananda Gowda | 5 August 2011 | 12 July 2012 | 342 days | 13th | |
Jagadish Shettar | 12 July 2012 | 13 May 2013 | 305 days | ||
Basavaraj Bommai | 28 July 2021 | 17 May 2023 | 1 year, 293 days | 15th |
Portrait | Name | Term in office | Assembly | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sunder Lal Patwa [lower-greek 5] | 5 March 1990 | 15 December 1992 | 2 years, 285 days | 9th | |
Uma Bharti | 8 December 2003 | 22 August 2004 | 258 days | 12th | |
Babulal Gaur | 23 August 2004 | 28 November 2005 | 1 year, 97 days | ||
Shivraj Singh Chouhan | 29 November 2005 | 11 December 2008 | 13 years, 17 days | ||
12 December 2008 | 13 December 2013 | 13th | |||
14 December 2013 | 16 December 2018 | 14th | |||
23 March 2020 | 13 December 2023 | 3 years, 265 days | 15th | ||
Mohan Yadav* | 13 December 2023 | Incumbent | 121 days | 16th |
Portrait | Name | Term in office | Assembly | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Devendra Fadnavis | 31 October 2014 | 12 November 2019 | 5 years, 17 days | 13th | |
23 November 2019 | 28 November 2019 | 14th |
Portrait | Name | Term in office | Assembly | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N. Biren Singh* | 15 March 2017 | 20 March 2022 | 7 years, 28 days | 12th | |
21 March 2022 | Incumbent | 13th |
Portrait | Name | Term in office | Assembly | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bhairon Singh Shekhawat [lower-greek 6] | 4 March 1990 | 15 December 1992 | 2 years, 286 days | 9th | |
4 December 1993 | 1 December 1998 | 4 years, 362 days | 10th | ||
Vasundhara Raje | 8 December 2003 | 12 December 2008 | 10 years, 8 days | 12th | |
13 December 2013 | 17 December 2018 | 14th | |||
Bhajan Lal Sharma* | 15 December 2023 | Incumbent | 119 days | 16th |
The Left Front government was defeated after 25 years of office out in 2018 election, with the Bharatiya Janata Party winning majority of seats and Biplab Kumar Deb becoming the first Chief Minister of Tripura from the Bharatiya Janata Party.
Portrait | Name | Term in office | Assembly | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Biplab Kumar Deb | 9 March 2018 | 14 May 2022 | 4 years, 66 days | 12th | |
Manik Saha* | 15 May 2022 | 7 March 2023 | 1 year, 333 days | ||
8 March 2023 | Incumbent | 13th |
Portrait | Name | Term in office | Assembly | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kalyan Singh | 24 June 1991 | 6 December 1992 | 3 years, 217 days | 11th | |
21 September 1997 | 12 November 1999 | 13th | |||
Ram Prakash Gupta | 12 November 1999 | 28 October 2000 | 351 days | ||
Rajnath Singh | 28 October 2000 | 8 March 2002 | 1 year, 131 days | ||
Yogi Adityanath* | 19 March 2017 | 24 March 2022 | 7 years, 24 days | 17th | |
25 March 2022 | Incumbent | 18th |
Portrait | Name | Term in office | Assembly | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nityanand Swami | 9 November 2000 | 29 October 2001 | 354 days | 1st | |
Bhagat Singh Koshyari | 30 October 2001 | 1 March 2002 | 122 days | ||
B. C. Khanduri | 7 March 2007 | 26 June 2009 | 2 years, 295 days | 3rd | |
11 September 2011 | 13 March 2012 | ||||
Ramesh Pokhriyal | 27 June 2009 | 10 September 2011 | 2 years, 75 days | ||
Trivendra Singh Rawat | 18 March 2017 | 10 March 2021 | 3 years, 357 days | 5th | |
Tirath Singh Rawat | 10 March 2021 | 4 July 2021 | 116 days | ||
Pushkar Singh Dhami* | 4 July 2021 | 22 March 2022 | 2 years, 283 days | ||
23 March 2022 | Incumbent | 6th |
The National Democratic Alliance is a centre-right to right-wing conservative Indian political alliance led by the right-wing Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). It was founded in 1998 and currently controls the government of India as well as the government of 17 Indian states and one Union territory.
Arunachal Congress (AC) was a regional political party in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh.
Peoples Party of Arunachal is a regional political party in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. It was founded in September 1977 by Bakin Pertin, Oken Lego and L. Wanglat as president, Vice President and General Secretary of the party. Tomo Riba resigned from PK Thungon government Congress Party and joined PPA as Vice President of the Party. Currently, Kamen Ringu is the chairman of the party. They were in power in Arunachal until all of their MLAs defected back to Indian National Congress.
Gegong Apang is an Indian politician from Arunachal Pradesh. He served as the 3rd Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh from 18 January 1980 to 19 January 1999 and again from August 2003 to April 2007. He is a member of the Janata Dal (Secular) and was a member of the Indian National Congress before 2016. Apang is the Arunachal Pradesh's longest serving Chief Minister and also the fourth longest serving Chief Minister of an Indian state after Pawan Kumar Chamling of Sikkim, Jyoti Basu of West Bengal and Naveen Patnaik of Odisha.
The Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh represents two Lok Sabha constituencies. Following the 25 July 2003 Congress split, Gegong Apang formed the state government with the help of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). Congress had an alliance with its splinter group Arunachal Congress. Congress candidate and former Arunachal Congress leader Wangcha Rajkumar contested Arunachal East and AC candidate Kamen Ringu contested Arunachal West. Nationalist Trinamool Congress had a candidate in Arunachal West, competing against BJP. BJP won both seats with comfortable margins.
The organisation of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) is based upon the Constitution of the BJP. The organisation of the BJP is strictly hierarchical, with the president being the highest authority in the party. The party is considered to be a cadre-based party that draws from the Hindutva-based ideology of its parent organisation, the RSS.
The Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election of 2009 took place in October 2009, concurrently with the assembly elections in Maharashtra and Haryana. The elections were held in the state for all 60 Assembly seats on 2009-10-13. The results were declared on 2009-10-22. Chief Minister Dorjee Khandu's Indian National Congress party came back to power in the state with an increased majority, winning 42 seats in the 60 seat Assembly.
Chowna Mein is an Indian politician from Arunachal Pradesh, who has been serving as the state’s Deputy Chief Minister since July 2016 under the present Government formed by Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), with Pema Khandu as its Chief Minister. Mein holds the portfolio of Finance & Investment, Power & Non Conventional Energy Resources, Tax & Excise, State Lotteries, and Economics & Statistics.
Kameng Dolo is an Indian politician from Arunachal Pradesh.
The North-East Democratic Alliance is a political coalition that was formed on May 24, 2016, by Bharatiya Janata Party. The motive of the new political front was to protect the interest of the people of the region as well as uniting non-Congress parties in Northeast India. Himanta Biswa Sarma was appointed as the convenor of the front.
Omak Apang is an Indian politician from Arunachal Pradesh. He was born to parents of Adi descent. He is the son of politician Gegong Apang, who served as the Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh between 1980 and 1999 and again between 2003 and 2007. He served as the minister of state for tourism in Second Vajpayee ministry as its youngest minister in 1998–99. He was a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party, Arunachal Congress as well as the Indian National Congress and currently, a member of Bharatiya Janata Party after resigning from the primary and active membership of the Indian National Congress in February 2014 and joining the BJP on 20 February 2014.
Alo Libang is an Indian politician from the state of Arunachal Pradesh. He is the current Minister for Health and Family Welfare, Women and Child Development & Tribal Affairs of Arunachal Pradesh.
Starting April 2015, the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh underwent a political crisis. The Indian National Congress Chief Minister Nabam Tuki replaced Jarbom Gamlin as the Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh on 1 November 2011 and continued till January 2016. After a political crisis in 2016, the President's rule was imposed ending his tenure as the chief minister. In February 2016, Kalikho Pul became the Chief Minister when 14 disqualified MLAs were reinstated by the Supreme Court. On 13 July 2016, the Supreme Court quashed the Arunachal Pradesh Governor J.P. Rajkhowa’s order to advance the Assembly session from 14 January 2016 to 16 December 2015, which resulted in President's rule in Arunachal Pradesh. As a result, Tuki was restored as the Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh on 13 July 2016. But hours before proving majority, he resigned as the Chief Minister on 16 July 2016. He was succeeded by Pema Khandu as the INC Chief Minister but later joined PPA in September 2016 along with majority MLAs. He further joined BJP in December 2016 along with majority MLAs.
Operation Kamala, also known as Operation Lotus is a term coined in 2008, when India's former minister G. Janardhana Reddy in the state of Karnataka, used all possible tricks to secure support from legislators bypassing the anti-defection law, so as to take the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) past the majority number. Operation Lotus refers to "poaching" or "bribing" of MLAs and MPs of other parties by the BJP, mainly of their rival the Indian National Congress party (INC), often to form government in states where they do not have the majority.
BJP is a right wing party and gives priority to the unity of the country.