List of Hungarian Jews

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This is a list of Hungarian Jews. There has been a Jewish presence in today's Hungary since Roman times (bar a brief expulsion during the Black Death), long before the actual Hungarian nation. Jews fared particularly well under the Ottoman Empire, and after emancipation in 1867. At its height, the Jewish population of historical Hungary numbered more than 900,000, but the Holocaust and emigration, especially during the 1956 Hungarian Revolution, has reduced that to around 100,000, most of whom live in Budapest and its suburbs.

Contents

This is a list of anyone who could be reliably described as "Hungarian" and is of significant Jewish heritage (ethnic or religious). See List of Hungarian Americans for descendants of Hungarian émigrés born in America, a significant number of whom are of Jewish ancestry.

The names are presented in the Western European convention of the given name preceding the family name, whereas in Hungary, the reverse is true, as in most Asian cultures.

Historical figures

Theodor Herzl Theodor Herzl.jpg
Theodor Herzl

Athletes

Boxing

Gyorgy Gedo Gyorgy Gedo.jpg
György Gedó

Canoeing

Fencing

Jeno Fuchs 1912 Jeno Fuchs.JPG
Jenő Fuchs
Attila Petschauer Petschauer Attila.jpg
Attila Petschauer

Figure skating

Gymnastics

Soccer (association football)

Swimming

Alfred Hajos Hajos.jpg
Alfréd Hajós
Andras Szekely Andras Szekely 1931.jpg
András Székely

Table tennis

Tennis

Track and field

Water polo

Wrestling

Other sports

Olympic gold medalists at the Summer Games

Period1896-19121924-19361948-19561960-19721976-1992 (1984 excluded)1996-2008
# of Olympics543444
Total Golds4424824406849031172
Hungarian Golds112235323326
Hungarian/total World2.49%4.56%7.95%4.68%3.65%2.22%
Hungarian Individual Gold91726222716
Hungarian Jewish Individual536400
Jewish/total individual Hungarian55.56%17.65%23.08%18.18%0%0%
Jews in Gold Teams57.14% = 8/1428.21%= 11/39
Jews in population5.0% (1910)5.12% (1930)1.45% (1949)0.13% (2001)

Before the Holocaust

Hungarian Jews, while comprising some 5% of the population of Hungary, won 8 individual gold medals for Hungary out of 26 (30.8%) in the Olympic sports events between 1896 and 1936. In each of the 7 gold winning teams, there were Hungarian Jews making up 35.8% of the teams (19 out of 53 team members).

1896

  • Alfréd Hajós-Guttman (2) swimming, 100-meter freestyle, 1,500-meter freestyle

1906

  • Alfréd Hajós-Guttman, swimming, 800-meter freestyle relay

1908

  • Dezső Földes, fencing, team saber
  • Dr.Jenő Fuchs (2), fencing, individual saber, team saber
  • Dr. Oszkár Gerde, fencing, team saber
  • Lajos Werkner, fencing, team saber
  • Richard Weisz, Greco-Roman wrestling, heavyweight

1912

  • Dezső Földes, fencing, team saber
  • Dr. Jenő Fuchs (2), fencing, individual saber, team saber
  • Dr. Oszkár Gerde, fencing, team saber
  • Lajos Werkner, fencing, team saber

1924

  • Alfred Hajós, Olympic art competition, architecture

1928

  • János Garay, fencing, team saber
  • Dr. Sándor Gombos, fencing, team saber
  • Attila Petschauer, fencing, team saber
  • Dr. Ferenc Mező, Olympic art competition, epic works

1932

  • István Barta, water polo
  • György Brody, water polo
  • Miklós Sárkány, water polo
  • Endre Kabos, fencing, team saber
  • Attila Petschauer, fencing, team saber

1936

  • György Bródy, water polo
  • Miklos Sárkány, water polo
  • Endre Kabos (2), fencing, individual saber, team saber
  • Ilona Elek, individual foil
  • Károly Kárpáti, freestyle wrestling, lightweight

After the Holocaust, 1948-1972

After the Holocaust, less than 1% of the population of Hungary remained of Jewish heritage. In individual sports events, Hungary won 48 gold medals between 1948 and 1972. Sportsmen and mainly sportswomen of Jewish extraction won 10 gold medals (20.8%). Hungarian Jewish women won 7 gold medals out of the 15 individual gold medals won by Hungarian women. In the 19 gold medal-winning teams for Hungary, 9 had Jewish members.

There are no known Hungarian Jewish gold medalist since 1976. Overall, Hungarian Jews won 15.4% of the 117 individual gold medals of Hungary, and had part in at least 16 out of the 42 gold medals in team events.

1948

  • Ilona Elek, individual foil

1952

  • Robert Antal, water polo
  • Sándor Gellér, soccer
  • Ágnes Keleti, gymnastics, floor exercises
  • Éva Székely, swimming, 200-meter breaststroke

1956

  • Ágnes Keleti (4)
    • gymnastics, asymmetrical bars, floor exercises, balance beam,
    • team exercise with portable apparatus
  • Aliz Kertész, gymnastics, team exercise with portable apparatus
  • László Fábián, kayak pairs, 10,000-meters

1960

  • Gyula Török, boxing, flyweight

1964

  • Tamás Gábor, fencing, team épée
  • Ildikó Rejtő (2), fencing, individual and team foil
  • Árpád Orbán, soccer

1968

  • Mihály Hesz, kayak, K1 1000m

1972

  • Gyorgy Gedó, boxing, light flyweight

Artists

Robert Capa RobertCapabyGerdaTaro.jpg
Robert Capa
Nickolas Muray Nickolas Muray.jpg
Nickolas Muray

Business

Businessmen

George Soros George Soros 47th Munich Security Conference 2011 crop.jpg
George Soros

Industrialists and bankers

Chess players

Judit Polgar Judit The Look Polgar.jpg
Judit Polgár
Susan Polgar Susan Polgar Wikipedia.jpg
Susan Polgar

Film and stage

Actors

Hedy Lamarr Hedy Lamarr Publicity Photo for The Heavenly Body 1944.jpg
Hedy Lamarr
Zsa Zsa Gabor Zsa Zsa Gabor - 1959.jpg
Zsa Zsa Gabor

Directors, screenwriters, and industry

Historians

Inventors and scientists

Nobel Prize winners

Physicists

Social scientists

Mathematicians

Music

Composers

Conductors

Musicians

Performers of music

Psychoanalysts

Religious figures

See Hungarian-Jewish Religious Figures

Writers

Families ennobled between 1874 and 1918 (mainly industrialists)

See also

Related Research Articles

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