Chemistry
Two Latin Americans have been given the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
| Year | Image | Laureate | Country | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 |  | Luis F. Leloir |  Argentina | [3] First Hispanic to win a Nobel Prize in Chemistry |
| 1995 |  | Mario J. Molina |  Mexico |
The Nobel Prize is an annual, international prize first awarded in 1901 for achievements in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace, with an associated prize in Economics awarded since 1969. [1] As of November 2022, Nobel Prizes had been awarded to 954 individuals, [2] of whom 17 were Latin American recipients (1.7% of the 954 individual recipients).
Latin Americans have received awards in four of the six award categories: six in Literature (35.3% of the Latin recipients), six in Peace (35.3%), three in Physiology or Medicine (17.6%), and two in Chemistry (11.8%). The first Latin American recipient, Carlos Saavedra Lamas, was awarded the Peace Prize in 1936. The most recent, Juan Manuel Santos, was awarded the Peace Prize in 2016.
Among the Latin American laureates, two served as heads of state or government of their respective countries upon receiving the Nobel Prize. Those include Óscar Arias Sánchez of Costa Rica and Juan Manuel Santos of Colombia, who were presidents; both of them were awarded the Peace Prize.
Two Latin Americans have been given the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
| Year | Image | Laureate | Country | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | | Luis F. Leloir | Argentina | [3] First Hispanic to win a Nobel Prize in Chemistry |
| 1995 | | Mario J. Molina | Mexico |
Three Latin Americans have been given the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
| Year | Image | Laureate | Country | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1947 |  | Bernardo Alberto Houssay | Argentina | First Latin American to win a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine |
| 1980 |  | Baruj Benacerraf |  Venezuela  United States | |
| 1984 |  | César Milstein | Argentina  United Kingdom |
Six Latin Americans have been given the Nobel Prize in Literature.
| Year | Image | Laureate | Country | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1945 |  | Gabriela Mistral |  Chile | First Latin American to win a Nobel Prize in literature |
| 1967 |  | Miguel Ángel Asturias |  Guatemala | |
| 1971 |  | Pablo Neruda | Chile | |
| 1982 |  | Gabriel García Márquez |  Colombia | |
| 1990 |  | Octavio Paz | Mexico | |
| 2010 |  | Mario Vargas Llosa |  Peru |
Six Latin Americans have been given the Nobel Peace Prize.
| Year | Image | Laureate | Country | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1936 |  | Carlos Saavedra Lamas | Argentina | First Latin American to win a Nobel Prize, first Hispanic to win a Nobel Peace Prize |
| 1980 |  | Adolfo Pérez Esquivel | Argentina | [4] |
| 1982 |  | Alfonso García Robles | Mexico | |
| 1987 |  | Óscar Arias Sánchez |  Costa Rica | |
| 1992 |  | Rigoberta Menchú | Guatemala | |
| 2016 |  | Juan Manuel Santos | Colombia |
The Nobel Prizes are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfred Nobel was a Swedish chemist, engineer, and industrialist most famously known for the invention of dynamite. He died in 1896. In his will, he bequeathed all of his "remaining realisable assets" to be used to establish five prizes which became known as "Nobel Prizes." Nobel Prizes were first awarded in 1901.
The Nobel Prize in Physics is a yearly award given by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for those who have made the most outstanding contributions for humankind in the field of physics. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895 and awarded since 1901, the others being the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Physics is traditionally the first award presented in the Nobel Prize ceremony.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is awarded yearly by the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute for outstanding discoveries in physiology or medicine. The Nobel Prize is not a single prize, but five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's 1895 will, are awarded "to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind". Nobel Prizes are awarded in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace.
The Nobel Foundation is a private institution founded on 29 June 1900 to manage the finances and administration of the Nobel Prizes. The foundation is based on the last will of Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite.
The Nobel Prize in Literature is a Swedish literature prize that is awarded annually, since 1901, to an author from any country who has, in the words of the will of Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel, "in the field of literature, produced the most outstanding work in an idealistic direction". Though individual works are sometimes cited as being particularly noteworthy, the award is based on an author's body of work as a whole. The Swedish Academy decides who, if anyone, will receive the prize. The academy announces the name of the laureate in early October. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895. Literature is traditionally the final award presented at the Nobel Prize ceremony. On some occasions the award has been postponed to the following year, most recently in 2018 as of May 2022.
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of chemistry. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895, awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. This award is administered by the Nobel Foundation, and awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences on proposal of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry which consists of five members elected by the Academy. The award is presented in Stockholm at an annual ceremony on 10 December, the anniversary of Nobel's death.
Lists of Nobel laureates cover winners of Nobel Prizes for outstanding contributions for humanity in chemistry, literature, peace, physics, and physiology or medicine. The lists are organized by prize, by ethnicity, by origination and by nationality.
An additional award, the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was established in 1968 by the Bank of Sweden and was first awarded in 1969
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1 Nobel Memorial Prize (not one of the original Nobel Prizes). | |||||||||