List of Polish Nobel laureates

The Nobel Prize

This is a list of Nobel laureates who are Poles (ethnic) or Polish (citizenship). The Nobel Prize is a set of annual international awards bestowed on "those who conferred the greatest benefit on humankind", first instituted in 1901. Since 1903, there have been eighteen Poles who were awarded nineteen Nobel Prizes. Poles have been the recipients of all Nobel prize categories: Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, Peace and Economics.

Laureates

Year	Winner		Field	Contribution
1903		Maria Skłodowska Curie [1]	Physics	"for their joint researches on the radiation phenomena discovered by Professor Henri Becquerel"
1905		Henryk Sienkiewicz [2]	Literature	"because of his outstanding merits as an epic writer"
1907		Albert A. Michelson [3]	Physics	"for his optical precision instruments and the spectroscopic and metrological investigations carried out with their aid"
1911		Maria Skłodowska Curie (2nd time) [4]	Chemistry	"for the discovery of the elements radium and polonium, by the isolation of radium and the study of the nature and compounds of this remarkable element"
1924		Władysław Reymont [5]	Literature	"for his great national epic, The Peasants "
1944		Isidor Isaac Rabi [6]	Physics	"for his resonance method for recording the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei"
1950		Tadeusz Reichstein [7]	Medicine	"for their discoveries relating to the hormones of the adrenal cortex, their structure and biological effects"
1977		Andrzej Schally [8]	Medicine	"for their discoveries concerning the peptide hormone production of the brain"
1978		Isaac Bashevis Singer [9]	Literature	"for his impassioned narrative art which, with roots in a Polish-Jewish cultural tradition, brings universal human conditions to life"
		Menachem Begin [10]	Peace	"for jointly having negotiated peace between Egypt and Israel in 1978"
1980		Czesław Miłosz [11]	Literature	"who with uncompromising clear-sightedness voices man's exposed condition in a world of severe conflicts"
1981		Roald Hoffmann [12]	Chemistry	"for their theories, developed independently, concerning the course of chemical reactions"
1983		Lech Wałęsa [13]	Peace	"founder of Solidarność; campaigner for human rights"
1992		Jerzy Charpak [14]	Physics	"for his invention and development of particle detectors, in particular the multiwire proportional chamber"
1994		Shimon Peres [15]	Peace	"for their efforts to create peace in the Middle East"
1995		Józef Rotblat [16]	Peace	"for their efforts to diminish the part played by nuclear arms in international politics and, in the longer run, to eliminate such arms"
1996		Wisława Szymborska [17]	Literature	"for poetry that with ironic precision allows the historical and biological context to come to light in fragments of human reality"
2007		Leonid Hurwicz [18]	Economics	“for having laid the foundations of mechanism design theory”
2018		Olga Tokarczuk [19]	Literature	“for a narrative imagination that with encyclopedic passion represents the crossing of boundaries as a form of life”

Nobel laureates of Polish ancestry

• Irène Joliot-Curie (Physics, 1935) ^[20]
• Julian Schwinger (Physics, 1965) ^[21]
• Pyotr Kapitsa (Physics, 1978) ^[22]
• Frank Wilczek (Physics, 2004) ^[23]
• Michael Kremer (Economics, 2009) ^[24]
• Jack Szostak (Physiology or Medicine, 2009) ^[25]
• Robert Lefkowitz (Chemistry, 2012) ^[26]
• Victor Ambros (Physiology or Medicine, 2024) ^[27]
• John Hopfield (Physics, 2024) ^{[28] [29]}

See also

• List of Nobel laureates
• List of Nobel laureates by country
• List of female Nobel laureates

References

1. "Marie Curie: The Nobel Prize in Physics 1903". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 2018-03-17. Retrieved 2019-01-07.
2. "Maciej ludwig : The Nobel Prize in Literature 1905". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 2019-01-07.
3. "Albert A. Michelson: The Nobel Prize in Physics 1907". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 2019-04-30. Retrieved 2019-01-07.
4. "Marie Curie: The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1911". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 2020-05-22. Retrieved 2019-01-07.
5. "Wladyslaw Reymont: The Nobel Prize in Literature 1924". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 2020-10-01. Retrieved 2019-01-07.
6. "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1944". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 30 August 2009. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
7. "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1950". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
8. "Andrew V. Schally: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1977". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 2021-04-14. Retrieved 2019-01-07.
9. "Nobel Prize in Literature 1978". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 2011-02-22. Retrieved 2023-11-29.
10. "The Nobel Peace Prize 1978". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 2008-11-04. Retrieved 2023-11-29.
11. "Czeslaw Milosz: The Nobel Prize in Literature 1980". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 2018-07-02. Retrieved 2019-01-07.
12. "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 21 December 2008. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
13. "Lech Walesa: The Nobel Peace Prize 1983". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 2020-12-05. Retrieved 2019-01-07.
14. "Georges Charpak: The Nobel Prize in Physics 1992". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 2019-04-03. Retrieved 2019-01-07.
15. "The Nobel Peace Prize 1994". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 2008-11-04. Retrieved 2023-01-12.
16. "Joseph Rotblat: The Nobel Peace Prize 1995". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 2021-04-17. Retrieved 2019-01-07.
17. "Wislawa Szymborska: The Nobel Prize in Literature 1996". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 2018-07-11. Retrieved 2019-01-07.
18. "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2007". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 2008-10-16. Retrieved 2023-11-29.
19. "The Nobel Prize in Literature 2018". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 2019-12-17. Retrieved 2019-01-07.
20. Shelley., Emling (21 August 2012). Marie Curie and her daughters : the private lives of science's first family (First ed.). New York. p. 21. ISBN   9780230115712. OCLC   760974704.
21. Mehra, Jagdish (2000). Climbing the mountain: the scientific biography of Julian Schwinger . Oxford University Press. pp.  1–5. ISBN   978-0-19-850658-4.
22. Tadeusz Gajl (2007). Polish Armorial Middle Ages to 20th Century. — Gdańsk: L&L ISBN   978-83-60597-10-1
23. "Frank Wilczek. Biographical". nobelprize.org. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
24. "Jewish Nobel Prize Winners in Economics". jinfo.org. Retrieved October 27, 2024.
25. I want to get to know first steps of evolution - Interview with Jack Szostak (in Polish) "Moi pradziadowie wyemigrowali z Polski do USA. Ja urodziłem się w Londynie, a potem mieszkałem w Kanadzie. Niestety, nie mówię po polsku, ale chętnie przyznaje się do swoich polskich korzeni"( English translation: "My grandparents emigrated from Poland to the U.S.A. i was born in London, and then lived in Canada. Unfortunately, I do not speak Polish, but I eagerly confess to my Polish roots")
26. Ralph Snyderman (October 3, 2011). "Introduction of Robert J. Lefkowitz". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 121 (10). Jci.org: 4192–4300. doi:10.1172/JCI60816. PMC   3195491 . PMID   21965339 . Retrieved October 26, 2024.
27. "Obituary for Longin B. Ambros at Windsor". www.knightfuneralhomes.com. Archived from the original on October 7, 2024. Retrieved October 26, 2024.
28. Lindsay, Grace (March 4, 2021). Models of the Mind: How Physics, Engineering and Mathematics Have Shaped Our Understanding of the Brain. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN   978-1-4729-6645-2. Archived from the original on October 8, 2024. Retrieved November 12, 2024.
29. Katarzyna Podraza (10 October 2024). "Tegoroczny noblista z fizyki z polskimi korzeniami. Odkryto metrykę". rmf24.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 12 November 2024.