List of countries by rail transport network size

This list of countries by rail transport network size based on length of rail lines. ^[1]

Definition

For the purposes of this page, railway has been defined as a fixed route laid with rails along which wagons can be transported. Wagons may be powered by various means and may be used to transport people or goods. Temporary lines laid for a specific purposes are not considered unless specified. Countries include the nations listed in the List of sovereign states along with reference ISO 3166 codes which list ISO 3166-1 numeric three-digit country codes which are maintained by the United Nations Statistics Division.

Countries with active network

Country/Territory	Length (km)		% of the total electrified	(per route km)		Historical peak length (km)	Nationalized or private [lower-alpha 1]	Data year	References	ISO 3166-1
	Total	Electrified		Area (km2)	Population
United States	220,044	1,847 [lower-alpha 2]	0.84%	44.69	1,522	428,180 (1917)	Track ownership and freight mostly private, passenger mostly public	2019	[7] [8]	840
China	150,000	100,000	66.67%	63.80	9,570	150,000 (2021)	Nationalized	2021	[9]	156
Russia	105,000	54,054	51.48%	162.84	1,367	150,000	Nationalized	2022	[10]	643
India	68,043	61,508	93.83%	48.3	20,996	126,366	Nationalized	2023	[11] [12]	356
Canada	49,422	129	0.20%	214.48	674	69,636 (1940)	Freight - private Passenger - public	2017	[13] [14]	124
Germany	40,625	22,500	55.38%	9.26	2,145	61,498 (1910)	Nationalized with private operators	2017	[15] [14]	276
Argentina	36,966	190	0.51%	77.45	1,117	47,000	Both	2014	[13]	032
Australia	33,168	3,393	10.23%	231.91	742		Both	2017	[16]	036
Brazil	29,817	9,025	30.27%	299.6	7,225		Both [lower-alpha 3]	2014	[17]	076
France	29,273	15,687	53.59%	22.78	2,374	42,200 (1930)	Nationalized	2017	[14]	250
Japan	27,311	20,534	75.19%	16.10	5,451		Both	2015	[13]	392
Mexico	23,389	802.7	3.43%	114.43	6,697	26,914	Both	2020	[18] [19]	484
South Africa	20,953	7,413	46.51%	58.28	2,577		Nationalized	2017	[20] [21] [22]	710
Romania	20,077	6,600	30.42%	22.13	1,823	23,955 [lower-alpha 4]	Nationalized with private operators	2023	[15]	642
Italy	20,048	12,948	64.58%	15.03	3,026		Nationalized with private operators	2022	[24]	380
Poland	19,886	12,174	62.53%	16.28	2,001	27,000 (1954)	Nationalized with private operators [lower-alpha 5]	2022	[25] [26] [27] [28]	616
Ukraine	19,787	9,319	46.78%	28.81	2,140		Nationalized	2019	[15] [29]	804
Iran	16,998	2,200	12.94%	148.41	6,816		Nationalized	2014	[30] [31]	364
Spain	16,355 [lower-alpha 6]	11,127	68.03%	31.73	2,920	18,000+ (in 1950s)	Nationalized with private operators	2017	[35]	724
United Kingdom	16,179 [lower-alpha 7]	6,065 [lower-alpha 8]	37.49%	15.10	4,178	34,075 (1929) [lower-alpha 9]	State owned infrastructure with passenger operations contracted out in Britain and publicly run in Northern Ireland.	2023	[36] [37] [38] [39]	826
Kazakhstan	15,530	4,200	27.04%	175	1,146		Nationalized	2016	[15]	398
Turkey	13,128	6,244	47.6%	76	7,821		Nationalized	2022	[40]	792
Myanmar	11,025	0	0.00%	171.07	12,127		Nationalized	2006	[13]	104
Sweden	10,912	8,186	75.02%	41	958	16,900 (around 1938) [41]	Nationalized with private operators Most services subject to franchising.	2021	[42]	752
Czech Republic	9,567	3,237	33.84%	8.24	1,106		Nationalized with private operators	2017	[43] [15]	203
Indonesia	8,260	621	7.51%	219.31	32,712	8,260	Nationalized	2023	[44]	360
Hungary	7,945	2,889	36.36%	11.71	1,233		Nationalized with private operators	2017	[15]	348
Pakistan	7,791	285	3.65%	117.74	32,433	8,122 (in 1947)	Nationalized	2015	[45]	586
Egypt	7,024	62	0.88%	153.43	13,888		Nationalized	2017	[46]	818
Chile	6,634	0	0.00%	128.2	2,931	8,930 (1930)	Nationalized	2006	[14]	152
Sudan	6,084	0	0.00%	339.81	5,640		Nationalized	2006		729
Finland	5,926	3,270	55.18%	57.06	929		Nationalized	2017	[15]	246
North Korea	5,735	3,894	61.03%	23.03	4,595		Nationalized	2006	[13]	408
Saudi Arabia	5,590	453	8.10%	384.56	6,254		Nationalized	2019	[47]	682
Cuba	5,476	0	0.00%	21.84	2,215		Nationalized	2007		192
Belarus	5,459	874	16.01%	38.03	1,741		Nationalized	2016	[15]	112
Switzerland	5,317	5,317	100.00%	7.76	1,631	5,868 (1930)	Both, but majority is nationalized	2020	[48] [49]	756
Turkmenistan	5,080	0	0.00%	153.44	1,585		Nationalized	2014		795
Austria	4,859	3,650	75.12%	15.18	1,587	7,166 (1930)	Nationalized with private operators	2022	[50] [14]	040
South Korea	4,837	3,787	78.29%	20.76	10,716		Nationalized	2020	[51] [52]	410
Uzbekistan	4,669	2,500	38.65%	94.8	6,969	6,950	Nationalized	2020	[53]	860
Algeria	4,560	480	10.53%	522.31	9,061	4,815 (1930)	Nationalized	2022	[54] [14]	012
Norway	4,240	2,895	68.3%	76.36	1291	4,471 (1950)	Nationalized with private operators	2023	[55] [14]	578
New Zealand	4,128	506	12.26%	64.64	1,070	5,681 (1950)	Nationalized	2018	[13] [14]	554
DR Congo	4,096	852	11.20%	585.19	16,463			2008		180
Thailand	4,044	107	2.18%	126.04	16,084		Nationalized	2017	[13]	764
Bulgaria	4,030	2,880	71.46%	27.54	1,762	6507	Nationalized	2017	[15]	100
Serbia	3,764	1,279	33.98%	23.48	1,866		Nationalized	2017	[15]	688
Slovakia	3,626	1,587	43.77%	13.52	1,499		Nationalized	2017	[15]	703
Portugal	3,622	1,794	49.53%	36.13	4,049	3,592 (Around 1949)	Nationalized	2022	[15]	620
Belgium	3,607	2,960	82.06%	8.48	3,140	5,081 (1940)	Nationalized	2018	[56] [14]	056
Nigeria	3,600	0	0.00%	261.84	44,904		Nationalized	2006		566
Vietnam	3,364	0	0.00%	141.12	27,765		Nationalized	2007		704
Mozambique	3,249	0	0.00%	256.54	6,604			2008		508
Zimbabwe	3,136	313	9.98%	130.25	4,190		Nationalized	2010		716
Netherlands	3,055	2,314	75.74%	13.59	5,591	3,407 (1920)	Nationalized with private operators Rural lines subject to franchising.	2017	[14]	528
Uruguay	2,993	0	0.00%	58.88	1,121		Nationalized	2006		858
Bolivia	2,866	0	0.00%	383.32	3,638		Nationalized	2007		068
Bangladesh	3,600	0	0.00%	50.79	53,392		Nationalized	2008		050
Malaysia	2,783	767	27.56%	118.52	11,732		Nationalized	2018	[13]	458
Angola	2,761	0	0.00%	451.54	6,911	2,764	Nationalized	2006	[13]	024
Syria	2,750	0	0.00%	86.57	11,078		Nationalized	2010		760
Tanzania	2,600	0	0.00%	348.02	15,866		Nationalized	2006		834
Croatia	2,604	985	37.83%	21.71	1,595		Nationalized	2017	[15]	191
Kenya	2,541	0	0.00%	228.4	17,643		Nationalized	2013	[57]	404
Namibia	2,382	0	0.00%	346.05	877		Nationalized	2006	[13]	516
Greece	2,240	764	34.11%	58.91	4,808	2,632 (1940)	Semi-Privatized	2017	[14]	300
Ethiopia	2,185	1,401	64.12%	1,675.72	150,935		Nationalized	2016	[58]	231
Tunisia	2,165	0	0.00%	75.57	5,326	2,173 (1950)	Nationalized	2018	[46] [14]	788
Morocco	2,109	1,022	48.46%	211.74	16,946		Nationalized	2017	[46]	504
Azerbaijan	2,068	1,278	61.80%	41.88	4,666		Nationalized	2015	[15]	031
Iraq	2,032	0	0.00%	215.71	15,587		Nationalized	2006		368
Peru	2,020	0	0.00%	636.25	14,585	4,205 (1930)	Private	2008	[14]	604
Denmark	1,987	640	32.21%	21.69	2,893	5,290 (1931)	Nationalized , rural lines franchised	2017	[15] [59]	208
Lithuania	1,910	156	6.38%	33.8	1,490		Nationalized	2021	[15] [60]	440
Latvia	1,860	257	13.82%	35.11	1,048		Nationalized	2017	[15] [61]	428
Mongolia	1,810	0	0.00%	864.15	1,560		Nationalized	2008		496
Taiwan	1,782	1,300	72.95%	21.25	13,638	5,000	Nationalized (Conventional network) Private (High-Speed network)	2018	[62]	158
Ireland	1,680	53	3.15%	41.83	3,065	4,354 (1921)	Nationalized	2016	[63] [64] [39] [65]	372
Colombia	1,663	0	0.00%	648.85	27,770		Private	2007		170
Georgia	1,576	1,288	81.73%	44.23	2,360		Nationalized	2016	[15]	268
Sri Lanka	1,508	0	0.00%	43.51	13,696	1,530 (1930-1940)	Nationalized	2010	[14]	144
Israel	1,511	250	16.55%	14.61	6,487		Nationalized	2022	[46] [66] [67] excludes urban rail	376
Uganda	1,244	0	0.00%	930.65	122,780		Nationalized	2002		800
Zambia	1,237	0	0.00%	608.42	10,547			2006		894
Slovenia	1,209	503	41.60%	16.75	1,709		Nationalized	2017	[15]	705
Estonia	1,161	132	11.37%	38.96	1,134	3,000	Both	2017	[15]	233
Moldova	1,151	0	0.00%	29.4	3,084		Nationalized	2017	[15]	498
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,018	565	55.50%	50.29	3,445		Nationalized	2017	[15]	070
Cameroon	977	0	0.00%	486.63	23,367	1,104		2015	[68]	120
Ecuador	966	0	0.00%	293.54	14,810	1,131 (1930)		2006	[13] [14] Services ceased 2020	218
Ghana	953	0	0.00%	250.30	25,429			2006		288
Senegal	906	0	0.00%	217.12	16,534			2015	[57]	686
Botswana	888	0	0.00%	655.1	2,488			2014		072
Guatemala	885	0	0.00%	123.04	16,228		Private	2004	Service halted since 2006	320
United Arab Emirates	869	0	0.00%	96.2	10,681	869	Nationalized	2023		784
Madagascar	848	0	0.00%	692.27	28,573			2015	[57]	450
Guinea	837	0	0.00%	293.74	11,926			2006	[13]	324
Gabon	810	0	0.00%	330.45	1,858			2007		266
Malawi	797	0	0.00%	148.66	18,696			2007		454
Congo	795	0	0.00%	430.19	5086		Nationalized	2006		178
Benin	758	0	0.00%	148.58	11,581			2006		204
Mali	729	0	0.00%	1,701.22	22,606			2013		466
Mauritania	728	0	0.00%	1,415.80	4,753		Nationalized	2008		478
Armenia	703	703	100.00%	42.31	4,168		Nationalized	2016	[15]	051
Honduras	699	0	0.00%	160.36	11,753			2006	[13]	340
North Macedonia	683	313	45.83%	37.65	3,037		Nationalized	2017	[15]	807
Cambodia	650	0	0.00%	278.52	24,994		Nationalized	2018	[69]	116
Ivory Coast	639	0	0.00%	504.64	30,889			2007		384
Burkina Faso	622	0	0.00%	440.84	25,291			2006		854
Jordan	622	0	0.00%	143.64	15,598			2017	[46]	400
Tajikistan	616	0	0.00%	232.31	11,167		Nationalized	2007		762
Fiji	597	0	0.00%	30.61	1,442			2006	[13]	242
Togo	568	0	0.00%	100	10,613			2006	[13]	768
El Salvador	562	0	0.00%	37.44	10,221			2007		222
Philippines	532	53	10.01%	560.15	211,800	1,352 (1940)	Nationalized	2021	[14]	608
Dominican Republic	517	0	0.00%	94.14	18,141			2006	[13]	214
Liberia	490	0	0.00%	227.28	8,151		Private	2006	[13]	430
Laos	424	414	97.64%	561.2	17,587		Nationalized (operated by China)	2021		418
Kyrgyzstan	417	0	0.00%	479.38	13,446			2012	[15]	417
Panama	355	0	0.00%	212.45	9,594			2006	[13]	591
Venezuela	336	0	0.00%	2,714.43	87,458	1020 (1950)		2006	[14]	862
Albania	334	0	0.00%	86.07	8,602		Nationalized with private operators	2016	[15]	008
Eritrea	306	0	0.00%	384.31	17,170		Nationalized	2006	[13]	232
Eswatini	301	0	0.00%	57.69	3,940			2008		748
Costa Rica	278	0	0.00%	183.81	16,416			2007	[13]	188
Luxembourg	275	275	100.00%	9.4	2,148	534 (1920-1940)	Nationalized	2017	[14]	442
Hong Kong	268	268	100.00%	5.08	33,165		De facto Nationalized	2014	[70]	344
Montenegro	250	225	90.00%	55.25	2,490		Nationalized	2017	[15]	499
South Sudan	248	0	0.00%	2,598.10	48,864					728
Singapore	240	240	100.00%	2.95	24,776		De facto Nationalized	2021	[71] [72]	702
Suriname	166	0	0.00%	986.87	3,163			2001	[13] activity ceased 1980's	740
Niger	143	0	0.00%	8,860.14	171,220		Private			562
Guyana	127	0	0.00%	1,149.57	4,197	166 (1920)		2001 est.	[13] [14] activity ceased around 2007	328
Djibouti	92	0	0.00%	252.17	9,203	80		2016	[73]	262
Sierra Leone	84	0	0.00%	854.05	69,857	544 (1920)		2001	[13] [14]	694
Qatar	82	82	100.00%	141.11	34,091					634
Afghanistan	75	0	0.00%	8,696.40	418,827		Nationalized (operated by neighbouring countries)	2011	[74]	004
Jamaica	65	0	0.00%	40.41	9,948	348 (1950)		2003	[13] [14]	388
Saint Kitts and Nevis	58	0	0.00%	5.22	1,040			2006	[13]	659
Nepal	57	0	0.00%	2,582.12	514,035	146		2017	[75]	524
Paraguay	38	0	0.00%	11,298.67	173,056			2006	[13]	600
Mauritius	30	30	100.00%	68	42,182	30	Nationalized	2022		480
Puerto Rico	17	17	100.00%	143.65	38,810	370		2006	[13]	630
Brunei	13	0	0.00%	443.46	30,692			2001 est.	[13] see next table	096
Macau	12	12	100.00%	9.83	6,200		Nationalized	2019	LRT	446
Liechtenstein	9.5	9.5	100.00%	17.78	4,017		Nationalized (operated by Switzerland and Austria)	2017	[13]	438
Nauru	3.9	0	0.00%	4.20	2,000			2001	[13]	520
Monaco	1.7	1.7	100.00%	1.18	20,588		Nationalized (operated by France)	2019	[13]	492
Lesotho	1.6	0	0.00%	10,118.33	723,667			1995	[13]	426
Vatican City	0.3	0	0.00%	1.47	3,333	0.3	Nationalized (operated by Italy)	2019		336
European Union [lower-alpha 10]	211,430	118,363	55.98%	20.33	2,113.37		Both	2017	[15]
World	1,374,001	426,313	31.03%	107.95	372.12	4,814		2006	[13]

Notes

1. This refers to both track ownership and train operation
2. This figure is the sum of the electrified lengths of the following railways: Amtrak (735 km), ^[2] Deseret Power Railway (53 km), ^[3] Iowa Traction Railway (9 km), ^[4] Long Island Rail Road (237 km), ^[2] Metra (99 km), ^[2] Metro-North Railroad (255 km), ^[2] Navajo Mine and Railroad (23 km), ^[5] NJ Transit Rail Operations (159 km) ^[2] and SEPTA Regional Rail (277 km). ^[6]
3. Freight operated by private on public tracks
   commuter and metro operated by state
4. The figure is mentioned as the total network length in 1990, ^[23] but the total network length may have grown after 1990.
5. Most of the railway lines in Poland belong to state-owned or local government companies, which in the case of the latter have a smaller share for the entire country. In the case of narrow-gauge lines, after the restructuring in 2000, none of them belong to PKP anymore, and most of them were taken over by local governments, private companies or associations of railway enthusiasts. Some industrial lines and a short line to Świnoujście Centrum are managed by private managers.
6. The Spanish railway network comprises the 11,934.3 km of the ADIF network (6,706.4 of them are electrified), ^[32] the 3,455.7 electrified km of the ADIF AV network, ^[33] the electrified Catalan FGC (253.4 km) and the electrified Metro networks of Madrid (293 km), Barcelona (166 km), Valencia (156.4 km), Bilbao (51 km), Seville (18 km), Palma (15.6 km) and Málaga (12 km). ^[34]
7. This figure is a combination of the British (15,846 km) ^[36] and Northern Irish (333 km) ^[37] networks.
8. This is the figure for Britain as Northern Ireland does not have any electrified railways.
9. This figure is a combination of the British (20,419 mi) ^[38] and Northern Irish (754 mi) ^[39] networks in 1929. This gives a total of 21,173 mi, which is 34,075 km.
10. The European Union (EU) is an economic and political union of 27 member states that are located primarily in Europe. The EU is included as a separate entity because it has many attributes of independent nations, being much more than a free-trade association such as ASEAN, NAFTA, or Mercosur. ^[76] Transport and trans-European networks are among shared competence between EU and member states. As the EU is not a country, the United States is the first ranked country on these lists.

Countries without active network

Former operators

Countries with defunct rail networks ^[77]

	Country	Comment	ISO 3166-1
1	Antigua and Barbuda	Had agricultural / industrial lines	028
2	Bahamas	Had a plantation railway	044
3	Barbados	Had a public railway. Has a 3 km tourist line opened in 2019.	052
4	Belize	Had a minor railway	084
5	Brunei	Has a 4 km section of pier railway (so is outside the definition for this article)	096
6	Burundi	Had an internal port railway	108
7	Cape Verde	Had a harbour railway	132
8	Central African Republic	Had a short portage railway	140
9	Comoros	Had plantation railways	174
10	Cyprus	Cyprus Government Railway operated 1905 to 1951	196
11	Dominica	Had a forestry railway	212
12	Equatorial Guinea	Had a line on Isla de Boiko	226
13	Gambia	Had minor port / industrial lines	270
14	Grenada	Had a very minor industrial line	308
15	Guinea-Bissau		624
16	Guatemala	Ceased operating around 2006; rebuilt to standard gauge in 2019	320
17	Guyana	Had a number of public lines until the 1970's and industrial lines until around 2007 [78]	328
18	Haiti	Rails still in Port-au-Prince from railway from factories to port, left out of service since the 1970s.	332
19	Iceland	Had short industrial lines, see Rail transport in Iceland for proposals	352
20	Kiribati	Had industrial lines	296
21	Lebanon	Had from 1890 until 1970 (future projects to build a railway from Tyr to Tripoli)	422
22	Libya	1912 to 1965 (peak length of 399 km [14] ); (network under construction in 2008–2011, but works stopped, see Libyan Railways)	434
23	Malta	Operated 1883 to 1931	470
24	Micronesia		583
25	Nicaragua	Suspended in September 2001	558
26	Oman	Proposals as part of Gulf Railway. Has a short tourist line at the Al Hoota Cave.	512
27	Palau	Had an industrial line. Has a short tourist monorail (of small “gauge”)	585
28	Papua New Guinea	Had numerous plantation and mining railways, all closed by the early 1990s. Line from Lae to Vanimo proposed (see Transport in Papua New Guinea).	598
29	Rwanda	Had industrial lines, out of use since the 1990s. Lines to Uganda and/or Tanzania (see Isaka–Kigali Standard Gauge Railway) proposed	646
30	Saint Lucia		662
31	Samoa		882
32	San Marino	A short section (800 metres or 0.5 miles) of the electric railway that linked Rimini (Italy) and San Marino City until 1944 has been restored.	674
33	São Tomé and Príncipe		678
34	Solomon Islands	Small railways used to transport bananas and copra, all closed by 1970.	090
35	Somalia	Mogadishu–Villabruzzi Railway existed from 1914 to 1941	706
36	Suriname		740
37	Tonga		776
38	Trinidad and Tobago	Trinidad Government Railway from 1876 until 1968; Trinidad Rapid Railway was planned but cancelled	780
39	Vanuatu	Suggested to have had a line on Efate	548
40	Yemen	Had lines from the mountains to Aden and Al Hudaydah, all closed by 1929	887

  Bermuda , a British overseas territory, had a railway operating from 1931 to 1948.

Never had a network

Countries which never had railways ^[77]

	Country	Comment	ISO 3166-1
1	Andorra	There are proposals to construct a line	020
2	Bahrain	Proposed as part of Gulf Railway	048
3	Bhutan	A link to India is proposed	064
4	Chad	See Rail transport in Chad for proposals	148
5	East Timor		626
6	Kuwait	Proposed as part of Gulf Railway	414
7	Maldives		462
8	Marshall Islands		584
9	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines		670
10	Seychelles		690
11	Tuvalu	Planned but cancelled	798

See also

• List of countries by rail usage
• Rail transport by country

References

1. "Railway data". International Union of Railways . Retrieved 1 November 2023.^{[ dead link ]}
2. Singh, Ankush; Kumari, Anjali (2019). Jane's World Railways 2019-2020. Jane's. pp. 410–454. ISBN   9780710633309.
3. Railroad Coordination Manual of Instruction (PDF) (Report). May 2015. p. 102. Retrieved 27 January 2024.
4. "Iowa Traction Railway Company". American-Rails.com. Retrieved 27 January 2024.
5. "Navajo Mine Railroad". www.trainweb.org. Retrieved 27 January 2024.
6. SEPTA Operating Facts: Fiscal Year 2015 (PDF) (Report). 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 October 2015. Retrieved 27 January 2024.
7. Transportation Statistics Annual Report 2023 (Report). 2023. p. 40. Retrieved 27 January 2024.
8. Whitaker's Almakack 1928. 1927. p. 730. Retrieved 4 April 2024.
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