Components |
---|
Army Navy (Coast Guard) Air Force Home Guard Cyber Defence Force |
Ranks |
Norwegian military ranks |
Bugle calls |
Bugle calls of the Norwegian Army |
Armed Forces equipment |
Army equipment Naval ships (active) Norwegian military aircraft |
This is a list of equipment of the Norwegian Army currently in service and on order.
Note: This list is indicative only, as strict comparisons cannot accurately be made.
Model | Image | Origin | Pattern type | Environment / colours | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
M98 | Norway | Woodland | Temperate / central Europe | Standard camouflage pattern of the Norwegian Army. [1] [2] | |
M03 | Norway | Woodland | Arid / desert | Same pattern as M98, but other colours, used on operations abroad. [2] | |
M23 | Norway | Woodland | Temperate / central Europe | New standard camouflage pattern of the Norwegian Army. [3] | |
M23 snow equipment | Norway | Organic, non-pixelated pattern | Snow / winter | [4] [3] |
Model | Image | Origin | Type | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Helmet | ||||
Ops-Core FAST | United States | Ballistic helmet | 1,000 purchased in 2011 [5] | |
Galvion Batlskin Caiman "M24 combat helmet" | Illustration | Canada | Ballistic helmet | [6] |
Vest | ||||
NFM BA "M07" | Norway | Combat vest / plate carrier | Being replaced [7] | |
NFM MCVS "M22" | Illustration | Norway | Combat vest / plate carrier | Successor of the M07 [8] |
Model | Image | Origin | Type | Caliber | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pistols | |||||
Glock 17 "P80" | Austria | Handgun | 9×19mm Parabellum | Norwegian version of the Glock 17 pistol. Currently being modernized to the new Gen 4 standard. [9] [10] | |
Submachine guns | |||||
Heckler & Koch MP7 | Germany | Submachine gun, PDW | HK 4.6×30mm | Replaced most of the HK MP5. [9] | |
Heckler & Koch MP5 A2N and A3N | West Germany | Submachine gun | 9×19mm Parabellum | Mostly replaced by the MP7. The variants A2N and A3N in service with:
| |
Assault rifles | |||||
Heckler & Koch HK416 | Germany | Assault rifle | 5.56×45mm NATO | Standard rifle of the Norwegian Army, 42,000 rifles purchased. [11] The variants include HK416N, HK416K and HK416S. Accessories:
| |
Colt Canada C8 | Canada | Assault rifle, Carbine | 5.56×45mm NATO | The C8 SFW and C8 CQB are in service with Forsvarets Spesialkommando. [12] | |
Machine guns | |||||
FN Minimi | Belgium | Light machine gun | 5.56×45mm NATO | In service with Forsvarets Spesialkommando and KJK since the early 2000s. | |
FN Minimi Para | Belgium | Light machine gun | 5.56×45mm NATO | In 2011, the Minimi was also selected as the new light machine gun of the Norwegian Armed Forces, and an order was placed with FN for 1,900 weapons. [13] [14]
| |
Minimi MK3 | Belgium | General purpose medium machine gun | 7.62×51mm NATO | 1,000 received in 2022 (with 3,000 more on option). [14] The Norwegian Defence Materiel Agency signed the contract with FN Herstal in August 2021. [15] | |
FN MAG | Belgium | General purpose medium machine gun | 7.62×51mm NATO | Installed on Leopard 2 tanks purchased from the Netherlands and used on other vehicles and weapon stations, replacing the MG3. [14] It was used as an infantry machine gun, but was replaced by the Minimi and the Minimi MK3. [16] [14] | |
M2 Browning | United States | Heavy machine gun | 12.7×99mm NATO (.50 BMG) | In January 2019, the Norwegian Armed Forces ordered 1,000 new M2A2N, which will replace the older M2. The need expressed might reach up to 1,300 machine guns in total. [17] | |
Precision rifles | |||||
Heckler & Koch HK417 | Germany | Designated marksman rifle | 7.62×51mm NATO | Replaced the NM149 in the Norwegian Armed Forces. [9] [18] | |
Barrett MRAD | United States | Sniper rifle | 8.6×70mm | New sniper rifle chambered in .338 Lapua Magnum. [19] | |
Barrett M82 A1 NG | United States | Anti materiel sniper rifle | 12.7×99mm NATO (.50 BMG) | [9] | |
M107A1 | United States | Anti materiel sniper rifle | 12.7×99mm NATO (.50 BMG) | Contract for "several hundred rifles" signed in June 2024. Deliveries expected in 2025. [20] | |
Shotguns | |||||
Benelli M4 | Italy | shotgun | 12 gauge | Used by the special forces [21] | |
Ceremonial Weapons | |||||
M1 Garand "Selvladegevær" | United States | Bolt action rifle | .30-06 Springfield | Used by Hans Majestet Kongens Garde 3rd Guard Company's drill troop [22] | |
Grenade | |||||
Heckler & Koch M320 "AG-HK416" | Germany | Grenade launcher | 40×46mm LV | Both used under barrel of the HK416 or as a single weapon. [9] | |
Heckler & Koch GMG | Germany | Automatic grenade launcher | 40×53mm HV | Also fitted to some of the upgraded CV90s with RWS. | |
Anti-tank weapons | |||||
Carl Gustav recoilless rifle | Sweden | Recoilless rifle | 84mm | M2 / M3 / M4 variants operational [23] [24] Ammo types: [25]
| |
M72 LAW | Norway | RPG Rocket-propelled grenade | 66mm | The NM72F1 is the most common variant in the Norwegian Army. | |
FGM-148 Javelin | United States | ATGM Anti-tank guided missile | 127mm | 100 command and launch unit + 526 missiles, delivered from 2006, in use from 2009. 120 more missiles ordered and new kits for the command and launch unit in 2021. [27] In 2017, Norwegian authorities started the process of finding a replacement anti-tank weapon in order to counter new types of heavy tanks equipped with active protection systems capable of defeating current anti-tank missiles. [28] | |
Mines | |||||
M19 Claymore | — | United States | Light anti-personnel mines | — | [29] |
M100 Claymore | United States | Heavy anti-personnel mines | |||
Man-portable air-defense system | |||||
PPZR Piorun | Poland | MANPADS Man-portable air-defense system | 72mm | Ordered in November 2022, valued at NOK 350 million. [30] First batch delivered in December 2023. [31] |
Name | Image | Origin | Type | Quantity | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Main battle tank | |||||
Leopard 2A8NOR | Germany | Main battle tank | 54 on order | In February 2023, the Norwegian prime minister, Jonas Gahr Stoere announced that Norway would be ordering 54 new Leopard 2A7 tanks from Krauss-Maffei Wegmann at a cost of kr 19.7 billion with a further option for 18 vehicles to be delivered at a later date. The first Leopard 2A7s are due to be delivered by 2026, and operational by 2031. The Norwegian government had been weighing up either the Leopard 2A7 or the South Korean K2 Black Panther as a replacement for its aging Leopard 2A4 fleet. [32] [33] [34] [35] Due to alteraterations in the design it was deemed nesesary to re designate these to Leopard 2A8 NOR | |
Leopard 2A4NO | West Germany | Main battle tank | 52 in 2001; [36] 36 (8 more in storage) in 2024; [37] 8 will be donated to Ukraine. [38] | 52 Leopard 2A4NLs were acquired from the Netherlands in 2001. The tanks have been adapted to Norwegian requirements, which includes, among other things, the installation of new radios, weapon racks and a Battlefield Management System. [39] Norway had been planning on upgrading 38 of the tanks to modern standards, [40] but this option was considered inadequate in the Ground Power Review, [41] and in the proposition that was published in October 2017, it's instead suggested that Norway should acquire brand new tanks after 2025. In October 2020 the Norwegian Defence Materiel Agency sent out a Request For Information for the main battle tank market. [42] Market analyses revealed the Leopard 2A7 and the K2 Black Panther as candidates for the procurement project. In January 2022 started winter trials of the candidates, undergoing extensive mobility and firing tests for evaluation with a contract to be signed by the end of the year and deliveries planned from 2025. [43] | |
Infantry fighting vehicle | |||||
CV90 family of vehicles | Sweden | Infantry fighting vehicle and various support roles | 74 CV9030N; 21 CV9030N MK IIIB (Recon); 15 CV9030N (Command); All as of 2024 [37] | In service since 1999 after the Norwegian Army acquired 104 CV9030N. 17 of these were later upgraded with air-conditioning, additional mine protection and rear-view cameras, and were designated CV9030NF1. In June 2012, a deal was signed with BAE Systems Hägglunds and Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace for the acquisition of 144 new and upgraded vehicles, including 74 infantry fighting, 21 reconnaissance, 15 command, 16 engineering, 16 multi-role and two driver training vehicles. [44] [45] The delivery was completed in April 2019. [46] On February 18, 2021, it was announced that Norway had ordered another 12 combat engineering vehicles and 8 multi-role vehicles. [47] | |
Armoured personnel carriers | |||||
SISU XA-185, XA-186, XA-203N | Sisu XA-185: | Finland | Armoured personnel carrier and various support roles | 75 (in 2024) [37] | In service since 1995. Many of them currently serve as armored ambulances in various units. A small number also serve as armored transports in the King's Guard battalion. In 2017, a contract was signed with FFG on the conversion of 30 Pasi XA-203N into multi-role medical platforms (MRSP). These replaced the old Sisu XA-185 ambulances. |
ACSV G5 | Germany | Armoured personnel carrier and various support roles | 44 (on order for delivery in 2023-2027); 75–150 (planned further acquisition) | The new Armored Combat Support Vehicle (ACSV) is based on FFG's PMMC G5. The ACSV G5 is a versatile tracked platform, available either in open or closed hull configurations, and is intended to be the base of several new types of support vehicles for the Norwegian Army, including SHORAD, artillery hunting radar, electronic warfare, repair & recovery and logistics support variants. [48] [49] [50] | |
M113A2, M113F3 | United States | Armoured personnel carrier and various support roles | 288 [37] | In service since 1964. Today, they fill various support roles such as armored ambulance, mortar carrier, engineer vehicle, and command vehicle. 288 vehicles have been rebuilt and upgraded as a part of Project 5026, including at least 97 M113F3s. [51] Furthermore, a new variant, the M113F4, has been developed, [52] but it was ultimately set aside in favor of FFG's ACSV, which is based on the PMMC G5. [48] For more details on Norwegian M113 variants and upgrades see Variants of the M113 armored personnel carrier . | |
Fuchs 1A8 | West Germany | NBC reconnaissance vehicle | 6 [53] | In service with the Army's CBRN units. | |
Infantry mobility vehicles | |||||
ATF Dingo | Germany | Infantry mobility vehicle | 10 | 20 acquired in 2010. 10 donated to Ukraine | |
Iveco LMV2, LMV3, LMV4 | Italy | Infantry mobility vehicle | 169 | In service since 2007. About 110 vehicles, mostly newer LMV3s and brand new LMV4s, will be kept in active service or placed in emergency storage, while the older LMV2s will be retired completely. [54] 14 LMV III donated to Ukraine in July 2022. [55] | |
High mobility vehicle | |||||
Supacat HMT Extenda | United Kingdom | High mobility vehicle | 24 | HMT Extenda MK2s intended for Norwegian Special Operations Forces. Delivery completed in May 2019. [56] |
Vehicle | Image | Origin | Quantity | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Bergepanzer 2 | West Germany | 12 | Armored recovery vehicles based on the Leopard 1 chassis. Known as NM217 in Norwegian service. 13 acquired. 1 donated to Ukraine. | |
Wisent 2 ARV NOR | Germany | 6 + 3 (on order) | Armored recovery vehicles based on the Leopard 2 chassis. Modified by Flensburger Fahrzeugbau to meet the demands of the future battlefield, and is optimized to support the Leopard 2 main battle tanks. [57] [58] [59] |
Vehicle | Origin | Quantity | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
NM189 Ingeniørpanservogn | West Germany | 19 [60] | Armoured engineering vehicle based on the Leopard 1 chassis. 22 acquired. 3 donated to Ukraine. |
NM190 Broleggerpanservogn | West Germany | 9 [60] | Armored vehicle-launched bridge based on a modified Leopard 1 chassis. Carries the LEGUAN bridge laying system. |
AVLB LEGUAN Leopard 2 | Germany | 5 + 3 (on order) [61] | Armored vehicle-launched bridge based on a modified Leopard 2 chassis. Will replace the NM190 and reuse their bridges. At least 1 new set of 14m MLC 80 is also on order. [62] |
Wisent 2 AEV NOR | Germany | 6 + 8 (on order) | In September 2018, it was announced that the Norwegian Army had ordered a second batch of 8 Wisent 2, and that these will be delivered in the AEV cofiguration. [63] [59] |
CV90RWS STING | Sweden | 28 | New combat engineering vehicle set to replace the old NM205s. Can be equipped with either a mine plow or a mine roller. [64] |
Hydrema 910MCV | Denmark | 8 | Mine clearing vehicle designed for military and peacekeeping operations. [65] |
Equipment | Image | Origin | Type | Quantity | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
K9 VIDAR | South Korea | Self-propelled gun | 28 | Successor of the M109. Orders: Deliveries: | |
K10 | South Korea | Ammunition resupply vehicle | 14 | Support of the K9 VIDAR: Orders: |
Equipment | Image | Origin | Quantity | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mortar carrier | ||||
CV90RWS Multi BK | Sweden | 24 | New multi role vehicle/armored mortar carrier set to the replace the NM204s. | |
NM204 | — | United States | 12 | Upgraded variant of the M125A2 mortar carrier. |
Infantry crew served mortar | ||||
L16 81mm mortar | United Kingdom | 143 (2021) [69] | Known as NM95 in Norwegian service. Also, the main armament of several types of mortar carriers, including BV206s, NM204s and the new CV90 MultiC. |
Vehicle | Origin | Manufacturer | Quantity | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|
MB 290 Multi III | Germany | Mercedes-Benz | Modified multi-role vehicle based on the Mercedes-Benz G-Class. 30 vehicles have also been delivered to the Home Guard (with another 30 to follow). [70] | |
Mercedes-Benz Geländewagen MB240 GD | Germany | Mercedes-Benz | 3,000 [71] | [9] |
Nissan Terrano II [ citation needed ] | Japan | Nissan | ||
Toyota Land Cruiser | Japan | Toyota | ||
Bandvagn 206 | Sweden | Hägglunds | 970 as of 2024. [72] 669 of these are recently upgraded. |
Vehicle | Origin | Manufacturer | Quantity | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lynx Yeti Pro V800 | Finland | Bombardier Recreational Products | ||
Lynx 5900 and 6900 | ||||
Lynx Commander 800R E-TEC Army | 200 | |||
Lynx Outlander 6x6 Army | 100 | |||
Polaris Bigboss 6WD ATV | United States | Polaris Industries | Used by Norwegian Special Operations Forces. | |
Polaris MRZR 4 | ||||
Yamaha 450 WR motorcycle | Japan | Yamaha Motor Company | Used by Norwegian Special Operations Forces. | |
Vehicle | Image | Origin | Manufacturer | Quantity | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
HX range of tactical trucks | Germany | Rheinmetall MAN Military Vehicles | 103 [71] | In 2014, Sweden and Norway entered into a joint frame agreement for the purchase of new logistics vehicles from the German supplier RMMV. The first Norwegian order includes 103 units of HX2 vehicles (of which 95 are 8x8 and 8 are 10x10). A full 35 of these vehicles will be supplied with the Rheinmetall Integrated Armoured Cabin (IAC). [71] 60 delivered by 2022. | |
TGS range of trucks | Germany | Rheinmetall MAN Military Vehicles | 85 [73] | Commercial vehicles, intended for use on the bases and airfields of the Air Force. [71] | |
P93, P113, P143 trucks, and also the 412 rescue and recovery vehicle and NM 154 recovery vehicle based on P113 [74] | Sweden | Scania | 2,000 | ||
Airport fuel tankers type P460 4x2 and G460 6x4. | Sweden | Scania | 8 + 30 on order [75] |
Vehicle | Image | Origin | Type | Quantity | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Army Ground Based Air Defence | Norway | Surface-to-air missile | 1 battery, including at least 3 HMLs [76] + 2 new on order [77] | New Mobile Ground Based Air Defence System based on NASAMS III with High Mobility Launchers (HMMWV with AMRAAM missiles). 2 new systems on order [78] | |
NOMADS [79] ACSV G5 NASAMS | Norway | Surface-to-air missile | 6 SHORAD ACSVs (on order) [80] | New ACSVs with AIM-9X missiles. 6 to be operational by 2026-2028 [81] [82] [83] |
Equipment | Image | Origin | Type | Quantity | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ground Master 200 MM/C | Netherlands | 3D Surveillance radar and C-RAM radar | 8 ordered | 3D AESA radar purchased in collaboration with the Netherlands to be installed on the PMMC G5. 5 radars were purchased in May 2021, with an option for 3 that was activated in November 2022. [84] | |
Thales SQUIRE | Netherlands | Hand portable ground surveillance radar | 44 | Ordered [85] | |
Raytheon MPQ-64F1 Sentinel | United States | Air defence radar | 24 | [86] | |
Weibel Scientific XENTA-M MFSR-2100/33 | Denmark | SHORAD air defence radar | 6 | To equip MGBADS SAM ACSV G5 NASAMS [87] |
Vehicle | Origin | Manufacturer | Quantity | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|
PD-100 Black Hornet Nano | Norway | Prox Dynamics | New contract signed in 2022 for uppdated Black Hornet 3. Will be delivered from 2023 in a deal worth 475 million NOK. [88] | |
AeroVironment RQ-11 Raven | United States | AeroVironment | RQ-12A Wasp Block IV and RQ-20B Puma AE II will replace RQ-11B Raven. [89] | |
AeroVironment RQ-20 Puma | United States | |||
AeroVironment Wasp III | United States | |||
Lockheed Martin Indago 3 Drone | United States | Lockheed Martin | 10 | Starting with 10 with the possibility of up to 30 [90] |
Skydio Skydio X10D | United States | Skydio | n/a | Currently not delivered [91] |
Vehicle | Origin | Manufacturer | Note |
---|---|---|---|
K9 Hero | United States | US Kforce Government Solutions (KGS) | Electronic dog doll, used to train medical personnel in treatment of K9s. [92] |
Vehicle | Origin | Type | Quantity | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|
Acrow Wet Gap bridges / Zremb | Poland | (MLC) with 80/110 | 11 | Delivery: 2021 [93] |
Meteomatics MM-B4-O Meteobase and drones [94] [95] | Switzerland | 30 (on order) [96] | Meteodrones and Meteobases in collaboration with NORCE |
Vehicle | Image | Origin | Type | Quantity | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Multiple launch rocket systems | |||||
M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System | United States | Multiple launch rocket system | 1 (mothballed) | Taken out of active service in 2005, and have been sitting in storage since then. This was largely a result of Norway signing the Convention on Cluster Munitions, as well as not being able to afford to upgrade the system to fire M31 GMLRS at the time. [97] In 2014, a decision was made to scrap the M270s, but it was halted before it could be carried out. [98] [99] 3 donated to Ukraine via UK in June 2022 [100] Another 8 donated in May 2023. [101] | |
Self-propelled gun | |||||
M109A3GN | United States | Self-propelled gun | 33 in storage (2023) | 126 M109Gs were acquired from West Germany between 1969 and 1971. They were then upgraded to the M109A3GN configuration during the latter half of the 1980s. In 2006, there were still 56 M109A3GNs in the Army's inventory, meaning that at least 70 SPGs had been scrapped after the end of the Cold War. 14 M109A3GNs received additional upgrades in 2007, and were designated M109A3GNM. The upgrade includes, among other things, new intercom and new navigation and positioning systems. The M109A3GNMs were the only SPGs that remained in active service (12 with Brigade Nord's Artillery Battalion and 2 with the Norwegian Army Weapons School) with the remainder of the M109s having been put in storage by 2006. [102] 22+1 donated to Ukraine in 2022 [103] |
The Norwegian Home Guard is the rapid mobilization force within the Norwegian armed forces. Its main focus is local defense and civil support, but it can also detach volunteers for international operations. Its main tasks are safeguarding territorial integrity, strengthening military presence, and protecting important infrastructure.
Brigade Nord is the major combat formation and only brigade of the Norwegian Army, consisting of eight battalions and one military police company. It is mostly based in Troms north of the Arctic Circle.
Princess Ingrid Alexandra of Norway is the elder child of Crown Prince Haakon and the second child of Crown Princess Mette-Marit, and a grandchild of King Harald V. She is second in line of succession to the Norwegian throne after her father.
The Royal Norwegian Air Force (RNoAF) is the air force of Norway. It was established as a separate arm of the Norwegian Armed Forces on 10 November 1944. The RNoAF's peacetime establishment is approximately 2,430 employees. 600 personnel also serve their draft period in the RNoAF. After mobilization, the RNoAF would consist of approximately 5,500 personnel.
Military ranks and rank insignia of Norway were changed June 1, 2016, with the reintroduction of the Non-Commissioned Officer Corps, and the abolishment of the one-tier officer system in place since 1975.
The Barrett M82 is a recoil-operated, semi-automatic anti-materiel rifle developed by Barrett Firearms Manufacturing and produced in the United States.
The 2nd Battalion is an infantry unit of the Norwegian Army, based at camp Skjold in Troms county in Northern Norway. It serves in the light infantry role specialized in Arctic warfare as part of Brigade Nord; the battalion is one of three manoeuvre battalions within the brigade, along with Telemark Battalion and Panserbataljonen. The 2nd Battalion serves two roles, primarily being organised for domestic defence; however, during Norway's contribution to the NATO forces in Afghanistan, the 2nd Battalion played a vital role. The 2nd Battalion also contributed consistently to the ISAF forces in northern Afghanistan, supporting an elite trained light infantry, organized as a Quick Reaction Force (QRF).
Forsvarets Spesialkommando (FSK) is a special operations force unit in the Norwegian Armed Forces.
Bjørn Arild Gram is a Norwegian politician currently serving as minister of defence since 2022. A member of the Centre Party, he previously served as minister of local government from 2021 to 2022.
Conscription in Denmark is mandatory for all physically fit men over the age of 18, according to the Constitution of Denmark, §81 and the Danish Law of Conscription, §2. The service lasts between 4 and 12 months. Women may participate, but are not obligated to conscription. Under the Danish Realm and protected by the Danish Defence, men from Greenland and the Faroe Islands are not required to serve as conscripts.
Enhanced Forward Presence (EFP) is a NATO-allied forward-deployed defense and deterrence military force in Northern, Central and Eastern Europe. This posture in Northern Europe through Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania and in Central Europe through Poland, Slovakia and Hungary and in Eastern Europe through Romania and Bulgaria, is in place to protect and reassure the security of NATO's Northern, Central and Eastern European member states on NATO's eastern flank.
The His Majesty the King's Guard 3. Company is a renowned military band and drill unit the Norwegian Armed Forces. It is attached to the Hans Majestet Kongens Garde or The King's Guard, acting as its unit band and drill team. The band and drill unit is based out of Huseby Leir in the capital Oslo where its area of responsibility is. It is a renowned unit that is famous around the world for its participation in international military tattoos. In its activities, it participates in parades and ceremonies for HM Harald V of Norway) and Norwegian members of the House of Glücksburg. It also supports the government and the military, specifically increasing the esprit de corps in army units as well as in the public. The concert season usually lasts from December to March/April while the marching season lasts until September.
Entur AS is a government-owned transportation company in Norway, owned by the Norwegian Ministry of Transport and Communications. It was created to offer sales and ticket solutions for the railways and travel planner for public transport throughout Norway. In the autumn of 2016, the company took over the operation of NSB's ticket systems.
The Piorun is a Polish man-portable air-defense system, designed to destroy low-flying aircraft, airplanes, helicopters and unmanned aerial vehicles. The set is a deep modernization of the PPZR Grom set, with an alternative designation of Grom-M.
"Slava Ukraini!" is a 2022 song composed by the Norwegian composer Marcus Paus. It is based on the worldwide use of the expression "Glory to Ukraine" as a symbol of resistance and solidarity during the 2022 Russian invasion, and is loosely inspired by a motif from the opening of Ukraine's national anthem.
The K10 ammunition resupply vehicle (ARV) is an automatic ammunition resupply vehicle based on the chassis of K9 Thunder, sharing most of the components and characteristics. Its concept study started in November 1998 by Samsung Aerospace Industries and Pusan National University. Its design began in February 2002 by Samsung Techwin (previously Samsung Aerospace Industries), the Agency for Defense Development, and the DTaQ (Defense Agency for Technology and Quality), The army declared its completion in October 2005. The first vehicle rolled out in November 2006, with a price tag of 2.68 billion KRW. It was assigned to the 1st Artillery Brigade of the Republic of Korea Army. South Korea became the first nation to operate such type of military equipment.
The Helge Ingstad collision was a ship collision between the Norwegian frigate Helge Ingstad and the Maltese tanker Sola TS. The accident happened on the night of 8 November 2018 in the Hjeltefjorden north of the Sture Terminal in Øygarden.
Forsvarets spesialstyrker is a unit in the Norwegian Armed Forces with overall responsibility for the special forces.