Epic Games is an American video game and software developer based in Cary, North Carolina. It was founded by Tim Sweeney as Potomac Computer Systems in 1991, originally located in his parents' house in Potomac, Maryland. After releasing one game under that name, ZZT (1991), Sweeney renamed the company to Epic MegaGames in early 1992 "to make it look like we were a big company" even though it had no other employees or offices. [1] Over the next few years, the company continued to make PC games, largely self-published, including the side-scrollers Jill of the Jungle (1992) and Jazz Jackrabbit (1994). They additionally published titles by other developers such as Epic Pinball (1993) by Digital Extremes and Tyrian (1995) by Eclipse Software. Epic also slowly expanded in size, reaching 8 employees by 1994. [1]
Beginning with the 1996 game Fire Fight , Epic ceased its publishing and self-publishing operations, and after the release and success of Unreal (1998) renamed itself in 1999 to Epic Games and moved to Raleigh, North Carolina; it and a temporary office in Canada during Unreal's development were the first time the company had a central office for their employees. [1] [2] After the name change, the company focused almost solely on the Unreal series of shooters for the next few years, and expanded from PC games to console games. In 2006 the company launched its Gears of War series of games, and in 2010 the company moved into mobile games with the Infinity Blade series after purchasing Chair Entertainment. Epic returned to retail publishing in 2015 for its own titles, and has solely self-published since. In addition to games, Epic develops and licenses the Unreal Engine, which is also used as the game engine for many of its own games, and runs the Epic Games Store, a digital video game storefront for Microsoft Windows and macOS. [1]
Sweeney described the history of the company in 2016 as four eras: the shareware era from founding through 1997 as the company grew to 15 employees; the Unreal era from 1998 to 2005 as the company focused on developing that franchise through external publishers and grew to 25 employees; the Gears of War era from 2006 to 2011 as the company shifted focus to console games and grew to around 200 employees; and the current era where the company moved back to PC games and self-publishing, spinning off or closing some of its subsidiary developers such as People Can Fly and Big Huge Games. [3] This latter era has instead become dominated by the multi-platform Fortnite Battle Royale and related games, which is one of the most-played video game franchises of all time with over 350 million registered players. [4] Epic Games has developed around 40 games since 1991 and published over 20 more, and has multiple games under development.
Epic Games has used the names Potomac Computer Systems, Epic MegaGames, and Epic Games; the name given for the company is the one used at the time of a game's release. Many of the games under the Epic MegaGames brand were released as a set of separate episodes, which were purchasable and playable separately or as a group. In many cases the initial episode of a game was freely distributed as shareware to drive interest in the other purchasable episodes. [1] Titles are listed for games that gave individual names to their episodes instead of episode numbers.
Title (Episodes) | System | Release date | Developer(s) | Publisher(s) | Ref(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ZZT ("Town of ZZT","Caves of ZZT","Dungeons of ZZT","City of ZZT") | MS-DOS | January 15, 1991 | Potomac Computer Systems | Potomac Computer Systems | [5] |
Best of ZZT ("The Secret of Headhunter Isle","Royal Treasures") | MS-DOS | 1992 | Epic MegaGames [a] | Epic MegaGames | [7] |
ZZT's Revenge ("Ezanya","Fantasy","Crypt","Smiley Guy","Manor","Darbytown") | MS-DOS | 1992 | Epic MegaGames [a] | Epic MegaGames | [7] |
Super ZZT ("Lost Forest","Monster Zoo","Proving Grounds") | MS-DOS | 1992 | Epic MegaGames | Epic MegaGames | [8] |
Adventure Math | MS-DOS | 1992 | Epic MegaGames | Epic MegaGames | [8] |
Kiloblaster ("Death of a Starship","No Way Out","The Final Battle") | MS-DOS | 1992 | Epic MegaGames | Epic MegaGames | [8] |
Jill of the Jungle ("Jill of the Jungle","Jill Goes Underground","Jill Saves the Prince") | MS-DOS | June 1992 | Epic MegaGames | Epic MegaGames | [8] |
Dare to Dream ("In a Darkened Room","Search of the Beast","Christian's Lair") | Windows | 1993 | Epic MegaGames | Epic MegaGames | [9] |
Silverball | MS-DOS | December 1993 | Epic MegaGames, Digital Extremes | MicroLeague | [10] |
Xargon ("Beyond Reality","The Secret Chamber","Xargon's Fury") | MS-DOS | January 15, 1994 | Epic MegaGames | Epic MegaGames | [11] [12] |
Jazz Jackrabbit ("Turtle Terror","Ballistic Bunny","Rabbit's Revenge","Gene Machine","The Chase Is On","The Final Clash") [b] | MS-DOS | July 30, 1994 | Epic MegaGames | Epic MegaGames | [2] |
Extreme Pinball | MS-DOS, PlayStation | October 1995 | Epic MegaGames, Digital Extremes, High Score Entertainment | Electronic Arts | [16] [17] |
Fire Fight | Windows | June 24, 1996 | Chaos Works, Epic MegaGames | Electronic Arts | [18] |
7th Legion | Windows | August 26, 1997 | Epic MegaGames, Vision Software | MicroProse | [19] |
Jazz Jackrabbit 2 ("Formerly a Prince","Jazz in Time","Flashback","Monkey Trouble") | Windows, macOS | May 7, 1998 | Epic MegaGames, Orange Games | Gathering of Developers | [20] [21] |
Unreal | Windows, macOS | May 22, 1998 | Epic MegaGames, Digital Extremes, Legend Entertainment | GT Interactive | [22] [23] |
Age of Wonders | Windows | November 16, 1999 | Epic MegaGames, Triumph Studios | Gathering of Developers | [24] |
Unreal Tournament | Windows, macOS, Linux, PlayStation 2, Dreamcast | November 30, 1999 | Epic Games, Digital Extremes | GT Interactive | [25] [26] |
Unreal Tournament 2003 | Windows, macOS, Linux | September 30, 2002 | Epic Games, Digital Extremes | Infogrames | [27] [28] |
Unreal Championship | Xbox | November 12, 2002 | Epic Games, Digital Extremes | Infogrames | [29] |
Unreal Tournament 2004 | Windows, macOS, Linux | March 16, 2004 | Epic Games, Digital Extremes | Atari | [30] [31] [32] |
Unreal Championship 2: The Liandri Conflict | Xbox | April 18, 2005 | Epic Games | Midway Games | [33] |
Gears of War | Windows, Xbox 360 | November 7, 2006 | Epic Games | Microsoft Game Studios | [34] |
Unreal Tournament 3 | Windows, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 | November 19, 2007 | Epic Games | Midway Games | [35] |
Gears of War 2 | Xbox 360 | November 7, 2008 | Epic Games | Microsoft Game Studios | [36] |
Shadow Complex | Xbox 360 | August 19, 2009 | Epic Games, Chair Entertainment | Microsoft Game Studios | [37] |
Infinity Blade | iOS | December 9, 2010 | Epic Games, Chair Entertainment | Epic Games | [38] |
Bulletstorm | Windows, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 | February 22, 2011 | Epic Games, People Can Fly | Electronic Arts | [39] |
Gears of War 3 | Xbox 360 | September 20, 2011 | Epic Games | Microsoft Studios | [40] |
Infinity Blade II | iOS | December 1, 2011 | Epic Games, Chair Entertainment | Epic Games | [41] |
Gears of War: Judgment | Xbox 360 | March 19, 2013 | Epic Games, People Can Fly | Microsoft Studios | [42] |
Infinity Blade III | iOS | September 18, 2013 | Epic Games, Chair Entertainment | Epic Games | [43] |
Shadow Complex Remastered | Windows, macOS, PlayStation 4, Xbox One | December 3, 2015 | Epic Games, Chair Entertainment | Epic Games | [44] |
Robo Recall | Windows | March 1, 2017 | Epic Games | Epic Games | [45] |
Fortnite Battle Royale [c] | Windows, macOS, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, Android, iOS, Nintendo Switch | September 26, 2017 [d] | Epic Games | Epic Games | [46] [47] |
Fortnite Creative [c] | Windows, macOS, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5 Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, Android, iOS, Nintendo Switch | December 13, 2018 | Epic Games | Epic Games | [48] |
Battle Breakers | Windows, macOS, Android, iOS | November 13, 2019 [e] | Epic Games, Chair Entertainment | Epic Games | [50] [51] |
Fortnite: Save the World [c] | Windows, macOS, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S | June 29, 2020 [f] | Epic Games, People Can Fly | Epic Games | [52] [53] [54] |
Lego Fortnite [c] | Windows, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, Android, Nintendo Switch | December 7, 2023 | Epic Games | Epic Games | |
Rocket Racing [c] | Windows, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, Android, Nintendo Switch | December 8, 2023 | Psyonix | Epic Games | |
Fortnite Festival [c] | Windows, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, Android, Nintendo Switch | December 9, 2023 | Harmonix | Epic Games | |
Fortnite Ballistic [c] | Windows, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, Android, Nintendo Switch | TBA [g] | Harmonix | Epic Games |
In addition to publishing many of its own games, Epic published several titles by other developers in the early 1990s as Epic MegaGames before ceasing publishing operations. In 2020, it launched Epic Games Publishing as a new publishing wing.
Title (Episodes) | System | Release date | Developer(s) | Ref(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Brix | MS-DOS | 1992 [h] | MicroLeague | [8] [55] |
Castle of the Winds ("A Question of Vengeance","Lifthransir's Bane") | Windows | 1992 [i] | SaadaSoft | [56] [57] |
OverKill ("Edrax","Gallifrey","Hoth","Voltair","Pax Verde","Unknown!") | MS-DOS | 1992 | Tech-Noir | [8] [58] |
Ancients 1: Death Watch | MS-DOS | 1993 | Farr-Ware | [59] |
Electro Man | MS-DOS | 1993 [j] [k] | X LanD Computer Games | [60] |
The Adventures of Robbo | MS-DOS | 1993 [k] [l] | X LanD Computer Games | [60] |
Solar Winds ("The Escape","Universe") [m] | MS-DOS | 1993 | Stone Interactive Media | [8] [61] |
Zone 66 ("Foreign Shores","Ice Wind","Desert Heat","War Plains","Highway Fury","Plantation Crash","Hell","Final Frontier") | MS-DOS | 1993 | Renaissance | [8] [62] |
Ken's Labyrinth ("Search for Sparky","Sparky's Revenge","Find the Way Home") | MS-DOS | March 21, 1993 [n] | Ken Silverman | [64] [63] |
Epic Pinball | MS-DOS | November 6, 1993 | Digital Extremes | [1] [2] |
Ancients II: Approaching Evil | MS-DOS | 1994 | Farr-Ware | [65] |
Heartlight | MS-DOS | 1994 [k] [o] | X LanD Computer Games | [60] |
Epic Baseball | MS-DOS | February 1994 | MicroLeague | [66] [67] |
One Must Fall: 2097 | MS-DOS | October 10, 1994 | Diversions Entertainment | [68] [69] |
Radix: Beyond the Void | MS-DOS | July 1, 1995 | Neural Storm Entertainment | [70] [71] |
Tyrian ("Escape","Treachery","Mission: Suicide","An End to Fate") | MS-DOS [p] | September 14, 1995 | Eclipse Software | [72] [73] |
Title | System | Release date | Developer(s) | Ref(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Fall Guys | Windows, PlayStation 4, Xbox One, PlayStation 5, Xbox Series X/S, Nintendo Switch | March 2, 2021 [q] | Mediatonic | [74] |
Alan Wake Remastered | Windows, PlayStation 4, Xbox One, PlayStation 5, Xbox Series X/S | October 5, 2021 | Remedy Entertainment | [75] [76] |
Rocket League Sideswipe | iOS, Android | November 15, 2021 | Psyonix | [77] |
Kid A Mnesia Exhibition | Windows, PlayStation 5, macOS | November 18, 2021 | Namethemachine / Arbitrarily Good Productions | [78] |
PC Building Simulator 2 | Windows | October 12, 2022 | Spiral House Ltd. | [79] |
Rumbleverse | Windows, PlayStation 4, Xbox One, PlayStation 5, Xbox Series X/S | August 11, 2022 | Iron Galaxy | [80] |
Touch Type Tale | Windows | March 28, 2023 | Pumpernickel Studio | [81] |
Alan Wake II | Windows, PlayStation 5, Xbox Series X/S | October 27, 2023 | Remedy Entertainment | [82] |
Title | Cancellation date | Developer(s) | Ref(s). |
---|---|---|---|
Bulletstorm 2 | 2012 | Epic Games, People Can Fly | [83] |
Gears of War: Exile | 2012 | Epic Games | [84] |
Infinity Blade Dungeons | 2013 | Epic Games, Impossible Studios | [85] |
Paragon | 2018 [r] | Epic Games | [88] |
Unreal Tournament | 2018 [s] | Epic Games | [91] |
Spyjinx | 2020 [t] | Epic Games, Chair Entertainment, Bad Robot | [92] [94] |
Unreal is a first-person shooter video game developed by Epic MegaGames and Digital Extremes and published by GT Interactive for Microsoft Windows in May 1998. It was powered by Unreal Engine, an original game engine. The game reached sales of 1.5 million units by 2002.
ZZT is a 1991 action-adventure puzzle video game and game creation system developed and published by Potomac Computer Systems for MS-DOS. It was later released as freeware in 1997. It is an early game allowing user-generated content using object-oriented programming. Players control a smiley face to battle various creatures and solve puzzles in different grid-based boards in a chosen world. It has four worlds where players explore different boards and interact with objects such as ammo, bombs, and scrolls to reach the end of the game. It includes an in-game editor, allowing players to develop worlds using the game's scripting language, ZZT-OOP.
Unreal Engine (UE) is a 3D computer graphics game engine developed by Epic Games, first showcased in the 1998 first-person shooter video game Unreal. Initially developed for PC first-person shooters, it has since been used in a variety of genres of games and has been adopted by other industries, most notably the film and television industry. Unreal Engine is written in C++ and features a high degree of portability, supporting a wide range of desktop, mobiles, console, and virtual reality platforms.
Unreal Tournament is a first-person arena shooter video game developed by Epic Games and Digital Extremes. The second installment in the Unreal series, it was first published by GT Interactive in 1999 for Windows, and later released on the PlayStation 2 and Dreamcast by Infogrames in 2000 and 2001, respectively. Players compete in a series of matches of various types, with the general aim of out-killing opponents. The PC and Dreamcast versions support multiplayer online or over a local area network. Free expansion packs were released, some of which were bundled with a 2000 re-release: Unreal Tournament: Game of the Year Edition.
Unreal Tournament 2004 is a first-person arena shooter video game developed by Epic Games and Digital Extremes. Part of the Unreal franchise, it is the third game in the Unreal Tournament series and the updated version of Unreal Tournament 2003.
Epic Games, Inc. is an American video game and software developer and publisher based in Cary, North Carolina. The company was founded by Tim Sweeney as Potomac Computer Systems in 1991, originally located in his parents' house in Potomac, Maryland. Following its first commercial video game release, ZZT (1991), the company became Epic MegaGames, Inc. in early 1992 and brought on Mark Rein, who has been its vice president since. After moving the headquarters to Cary in 1999, the studio changed its name to Epic Games.
Cliff Bleszinski, popularly known as CliffyB, is an American video game designer, known for his work on the Unreal and Gears of War series while at Epic Games. After leaving Epic in 2012, he co-founded Boss Key Productions in 2014 which closed in 2018 after the commercial failure of the multiplayer shooter LawBreakers. Since Boss Key's closure, Bleszinski has spent his time with theater and writing.
Timothy Dean Sweeney is an American video game programmer and businessman. He is the founder and CEO of Epic Games, and the creator of Unreal Engine, a game development platform.
Jazz Jackrabbit is a series of platform games featuring the eponymous character, Jazz Jackrabbit, a green anthropomorphic hare who fights with his nemesis, Devan Shell, in a science fiction parody of the fable The Tortoise and the Hare. Created by Arjan Brussee and Cliff Bleszinski and developed by Epic Games, the series debuted on MS-DOS in 1994 with Jazz Jackrabbit. The series consists of two PC games and a handheld game.
Jazz Jackrabbit 2 is a 1998 platform game produced by Epic MegaGames. It was released for Windows, and later for Macintosh. Like the first game, Jazz Jackrabbit, Jazz Jackrabbit 2 is a side-scrolling platform game but features additional multiplayer options, including the ability to play over a LAN or the Internet. The game was re-released on GOG.com along with the first game on November 30, 2017.
Alexander Brandon is an American musician, former member of Straylight Productions, who composed music mostly for games produced by Epic Games, or games based on Epic technology, including Unreal, Unreal Tournament, Deus Ex, Tyrian, Jazz Jackrabbit 2, and the cancelled game Jazz Jackrabbit 3D. Brandon is also a voice actor, having been cast most recently for the parts of Ancano and Amaund Motierre in the Role Playing Game The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim by Bethesda Game Studios.
Unreal Engine 1 (UE1) is the first version of the Unreal Engine game engine. It was initially developed in 1995 by Epic Games founder Tim Sweeney for Unreal. Epic later began to license the Engine to other game studios. It was succeeded by Unreal Engine 2.
Infinity Blade was an action role-playing game developed by Chair Entertainment and Epic Games and released through the Apple App Store on December 9, 2010. It was the first iOS video game to run on Unreal Engine 3. In the game, the unnamed player character fights a series of one-on-one battles in a derelict castle to face the immortal God King. When in battle, players swipe the screen to attack and parry, and tap the screen to dodge and block enemy attacks. Upon defeat, the player restarts the game as the character's descendant with the same items and experience level.
Fortnite: Save the World is a looter shooter survival video game produced by Epic Games, part of the game Fortnite. It is a cooperative and sandbox-style game with elements of tower defense and played in hybrid-third-person, described by Epic as a cross between Minecraft and Left 4 Dead. The game was initially released as a paid-for early access title for macOS, PlayStation 4, Windows, and Xbox One on July 25, 2017, with plans for a full free-to-play release announced in late 2018. Epic eventually opted to move the game to pay-to-play in June 2020. The retail versions of the game were published by Gearbox Software, while online distribution of the PC versions is handled by Epic's launcher.
Make Something Unreal, also known as $1,000,000 Make Something Unreal Contest and Make Something Unreal Live, was a series of video game development competitions organised by Epic Games which began in 2004, with subsequent competitions in 2008, 2012, and 2013. The contests aimed to reward developers who created mods using the Unreal game engine. Make Something Unreal has not returned since the event in 2013. Epic Games has since launched Epic MegaGrants, a grant based scheme, in 2019.
Unreal Tournament is a cancelled first-person arena shooter video game developed by Epic Games. It was planned to be the ninth game in the Unreal franchise, the fifth game in the Unreal Tournament series, and the first entry since 2007's Unreal Tournament 3. The game utilizes Epic's Unreal Engine 4 and was planned for release for free on Microsoft Windows, OS X, and Linux. The game was released as a pre-alpha on August 13, 2014, but never completed due to Epic Games' focus on Fortnite Battle Royale.
Paragon is a free-to-play multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) game developed and published by Epic Games, powered by their own Unreal Engine 4. The game started buy-to-play early access in March 2016, and then launched free-to-play access to its open beta started in August 2016. After failed attempts to make the game sustainable and having trouble keeping a player base, Epic Games made the decision to shut down Paragon servers in April 2018.
Fortnite is an online video game and game platform developed by Epic Games and released in 2017. It is available in seven distinct game mode versions that otherwise share the same general gameplay and game engine: Fortnite Battle Royale, a free-to-play battle royale game in which up to 100 players fight to be the last person standing; Fortnite: Save the World, a cooperative hybrid tower defense-shooter and survival game in which up to four players fight off zombie-like creatures and defend objects with traps and fortifications they can build; Fortnite Creative, in which players are given complete freedom to create worlds and battle arenas; Lego Fortnite, an open world game collection divided between survival game Lego Fortnite Odyssey and social game Lego Fortnite Brick Life; Rocket Racing, a racing game; Fortnite Festival, a rhythm game; and Fortnite Ballistic, a tactical first-person shooter currently in early access.
Look for the shareware version on a BBS near you starting January 15, 1994 (in helpme file)
On July 1st, 1995 Union Logic will be releasing it's[sic] largest production to date. (in radix text file)