There are hundreds of breeds of the domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus).
Breed | Origin | Height | Weight | Color | Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aksai Black Pied | Kazakhstan | 167–182 cm | 240–320 kg (530–710 lb) | Black and White | --- |
American Yorkshire | United States | 84–91 cm (33–36 in) | 204–340 kg (450–750 lb) | White | ![]() |
Angeln Saddleback | Germany | 84–92 cm (33–36 in) | 300–350 kg (660–770 lb) | Black and White | ![]() |
Ankamali | India | --- | --- | Black | ![]() |
Appalachian English | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Arapawa Island | New Zealand | --- | 100–180 kg (220–400 lb) | Red and Black | ![]() [1] |
Auckland Island | New Zealand | --- | --- | Black or Black and Tan | [2] |
Australian Yorkshire | Australia | --- | --- | White | ![]() |
Babi Kampung | Indonesia | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Ba Xuyen | Vietnam | --- | 100 kg (220 lb) | Black and White | --- |
Bantu | Southern Africa | --- | 95-100kg [3] | Brown [4] | --- |
Basque | France | --- | --- | Black, White or White with Black markings | |
Bazna | Romania | --- | --- | Black and White | --- |
Beijing Black (北京黑猪) | China | --- | --- | Black | |
Belarus Black Pied | Belarus | --- | --- | White with Blark markings | ![]() |
Belgian Landrace | Belgium | --- | --- | White | ![]() |
Bengali Brown Shannaj | --- | --- | --- | Brown | --- |
Bentheim Black Pied pig | Germany | 70–75 cm (28–30 in) | 180–250 kg (400–550 lb) | White with Black markings | |
Berkshire | United Kingdom | --- | --- | Black with some White markings | ![]() |
Bisaro | Portugal | 160 cm (63 in) | 180–250 kg (400–550 lb) | Black and White | ![]() |
Bangur | Nepal | --- | 205–600 kg (452–1,323 lb) | Black and White | --- |
Black Slavonian | Croatia | --- | --- | Black | --- |
Black Canarian | Canary Islands | --- | --- | Black | --- |
Breitovo | Russia | --- | --- | --- | --- |
British Landrace | United Kingdom | --- | --- | White | |
British Lop | United Kingdom | --- | --- | White | ![]() |
British Saddleback | United Kingdom | --- | --- | Black and White | ![]() |
Bulgarian White | Bulgaria | --- | --- | White | ![]() |
Cantonese | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Celtic | Galicia, Spain | 80 cm (31 in) | --- | Black and White | |
Chato Murciano | Spain | --- | 180 kg (400 lb) | Black, White or Black and White | --- |
Chester White | United States | --- | --- | White | ![]() |
Chiangmai Blackpig a.k.a. MooDum Chiangmai | Thailand | --- | --- | Black | ![]() |
Choctaw hog | United States | --- | 60 kg (130 lb) | Black | ![]() |
Cinta Senese | Italy | --- | --- | --- | ![]() |
Creole pig | Haiti | --- | --- | Black | ![]() |
Cumberland (extinct) | United Kingdom | --- | --- | White | |
Czech Improved White | Czech Republic | --- | --- | White | |
Danish Landrace | Denmark | --- | --- | White | ![]() |
Dermantsi Pied | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Li Yan | Singapore Boon Lay | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Dharane Kalo sungur | Dharan, Nepal | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Duroc | United States | --- | --- | Black or Red | |
Dutch Landrace | Netherlands | --- | --- | --- | --- |
East Balkan | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Essex | United Kingdom | --- | --- | Black and White | ![]() |
Estonian Bacon | Estonia | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Fengling | China | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Finnish Landrace | Finland | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Forest Mountain | Armenia | --- | 165–260 kg (364–573 lb) | White | ![]() |
French Landrace | France | --- | --- | White | ![]() |
Gascon | France | --- | --- | Black | |
German Landrace | Germany | 80–90 cm | 250–320 kg (550–710 lb) | White | ![]() |
Gloucestershire Old Spots | United Kingdom | --- | 220–280 kg (490–620 lb) | White with Black spots | ![]() |
Göttingen minipig | Germany | 35 cm | 34 kg (75 lb) | White | ![]() |
Grice | United Kingdom | --- | --- | --- | ![]() |
Guinea hog | United States | --- | 200 kg (440 lb) | Black | ![]() |
Hampshire | United Kingdom | --- | --- | Black and White | ![]() |
Hante | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Hereford | United States | --- | 200–370 kg (440–820 lb) | Red and White | ![]() |
Hezuo | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Hogan | Baraga, MI, United States | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Husumer or Danish Protest pig | Germany | 92 cm (36 in) | 350 kg (770 lb) | Red and White | |
Huntingdon Black | United Kingdom | --- | --- | Black with White socks | --- |
Iberian | Iberian Peninsula | --- | --- | Black or Red | ![]() |
Iron Age pig | United Kingdom | --- | --- | Black or Gray | ![]() |
Italian Landrace | Italy | --- | --- | White | ![]() |
Japanese Landrace | Japan | --- | --- | --- | ![]() |
Jeju Black | Jeju Island, South Korea | --- | --- | Black | ![]() |
Jinhua | China | --- | --- | Black and White | ![]() |
Juliana | Europe | --- | --- | Tri-Colored | ![]() |
Kakhetian | Georgia | --- | --- | --- | ![]() |
Kele | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Kemerovo | Russia | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Korean Native | Korea | --- | --- | Black | --- |
Krškopolje | Slovenia | --- | --- | Black and white | ![]() |
Kunekune | New Zealand | 60 cm (24 in) | 68–100 kg (150–220 lb) | Black, Brown, Red, Cream, Gold-tip, Black and White or Tri-colored | ![]() |
Lacombe | Canada | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Large Black | United Kingdom | --- | 270–360 kg (600–790 lb) | Black | ![]() |
Large Black and White | --- | --- | --- | Black and White | --- |
Large White | United Kingdom | --- | --- | White | ![]() |
Latvian White | Latvia | --- | --- | White | ![]() |
Leicoma | Germany | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Linderödssvin | Sweden | --- | --- | Black, Red, Black and White or Tri-Colored | ![]() |
Lithuanian Native | Lithuania | --- | --- | Black, Red, Black and White or Tri-Colored | |
Lithuanian White | Lithuania | --- | --- | White | |
Lincolnshire Curly Coat | United Kingdom | --- | --- | White | ![]() |
Livny | Russia | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Malhado de Alcobaça | Portugal | --- | --- | Black and White | --- |
Mangalica | Hungary | --- | --- | Red, Blond or Swallow-Bellied | |
Meishan (梅山猪) | China | --- | --- | Black | ![]() |
Middle White | United Kingdom | --- | --- | White | ![]() |
Minzhu (民猪) | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Minokawa Buta | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Mong Cai | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Mora Romagnola | Italy | --- | --- | --- | ![]() |
Moura | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Mukota | Zimbabwe | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Mulefoot | Gulf Coast, United States | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Murom | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Myrhorod | Ukraine | --- | --- | Black and White | --- |
Nero Siciliano | Italy - Sicily | 60–65 cm (24–26 in) | 150 kg (330 lb) | Black | ![]() |
Neijiang | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Ningxiang | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
North Caucasian | Russia and Uzbekistan | --- | --- | --- | --- |
North Siberian | Russia | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Norwegian Landrace | Norway | --- | --- | White | |
Norwegian Yorkshire | Norway | --- | --- | --- | ![]() |
Ossabaw Island hog | Ossabaw Island | 51 cm (20 in) | 90 kg (200 lb) | Black and Spotted, among many others | ![]() |
Oxford Sandy and Black | United Kingdom | --- | --- | Sandy Brown with Black markings | ![]() |
Pakchong 5 | Thailand | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Philippine Native | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Piétrain | Wallonia | --- | --- | White with Black markings | ![]() |
Pennywell miniature pig | United Kingdom | --- | --- | --- | ![]() |
Poland China (波中猪) | United States | --- | --- | --- | ![]() |
Red Wattle hog | United States | 120 cm (47 in) | 270–680 kg (600–1,500 lb) | Red | ![]() |
Semirechensk | Kazakhstan | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Siberian Black Pied | Russia | --- | --- | White with Black markings | ![]() |
Small Black (extinct) | United Kingdom | --- | --- | Black | ![]() |
Small White (extinct) | United Kingdom | --- | --- | White | ![]() |
Spots | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Surabaya Babi | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Sushan pig (苏山猪) | China | 156.5cm (boars); 153.1cm (sows) (length) | 225.3kg (boars); 190.4kg (sows) | White | |
Swabian-Hall | Germany | --- | --- | Black and White | ![]() |
Swedish Landrace | Sweden | --- | --- | White | ![]() |
Taihu (太湖猪) | China | --- | --- | Black | --- |
Tamworth | United Kingdom | 50–65 cm (20–26 in) | 250–370 kg (550–820 lb) | Red | ![]() |
Teacup pig | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Tsivilsk | Russia | --- | --- | White | --- |
Turopolje | Croatia | --- | --- | --- | ![]() |
Ukrainian Spotted Steppe | Ukraine | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Ukrainian White Steppe | Ukraine | --- | --- | White | ![]() |
Urzhum | Russia | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Vietnamese Pot-Bellied | Vietnam | 40–66 cm (16–26 in) | 45–90 kg (99–198 lb) | Black or Black with White markings | ![]() |
Welsh | United Kingdom | --- | 110–140 kg (240–310 lb) | White | ![]() |
Wessex Saddleback | United Kingdom | --- | --- | Black and White | ![]() |
West French White | France | --- | --- | White | ![]() |
Windsnyer | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Wuzishan | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Yanan | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Yorkshire Blue and White (extinct) | United Kingdom | --- | --- | Blue and White | --- |
Animal husbandry is the branch of agriculture concerned with animals that are raised for meat, fibre, milk, or other products. It includes day-to-day care, management, production, nutrition, selective breeding, and the raising of livestock. Husbandry has a long history, starting with the Neolithic Revolution when animals were first domesticated, from around 13,000 BC onwards, predating farming of the first crops. By the time of early civilisations such as ancient Egypt, cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs were being raised on farms.
A herder is a pastoral worker responsible for the care and management of a herd or flock of domestic animals, usually on open pasture. It is particularly associated with nomadic or transhumant management of stock, or with common land grazing. The work is often done either on foot or mounted.
An ear tag is a plastic or metal object used for identification of domestic livestock and other animals. If the ear tag uses Radio Frequency Identification Device (RFID) technology it is referred to as an electronic ear tag. Electronic ear tags conform to international standards ISO 11784 and ISO 11785 working at 134.2 kHz, as well as ISO/IEC 18000-6C operating in the UHF spectrum. There are other non-standard systems such as Destron working at 125 kHz. Although there are many shapes of ear tags, the main types in current use are as follows:
The Border Leicester is a British breed of sheep. It is a polled, long-wool sheep and is considered a dual-purpose breed as it is reared both for meat and for wool. The sheep are large but docile. They have been exported to other sheep-producing regions, including Australia and the United States.
Polled livestock are livestock without horns in species which are normally horned. The term refers to both breeds and strains that are naturally polled through selective breeding and also to naturally horned animals that have been disbudded. Natural polling occurs in cattle, yaks, water buffalo, and goats, and in these animals it affects both sexes equally; in sheep, by contrast, both sexes may be horned, both polled, or only the females polled. The history of breeding polled livestock starts about 6000 years BC.
The Livestock Conservancy, formerly known as the American Livestock Breeds Conservancy (ALBC) and prior to that, the American Minor Breeds Conservancy, is a nonprofit organization focused on preserving and promoting rare breeds, also known as "heritage breeds" of livestock. Founded in 1977, through the efforts of livestock breed enthusiasts concerned about the disappearance of many of the US's heritage livestock breeds, The Livestock Conservancy was the pioneer livestock preservation organization in the United States, and remains a leading organization in that field. It has initiated programs that have saved multiple breeds from extinction, and works closely with similar organizations in other countries, including Rare Breeds Canada. With 3,000 members, a staff of eleven and a 19-member board of directors, the organization has an operating budget of over a million dollars.
Intensive animal farming, industrial livestock production, and macro-farms, also known as factory farming, is a type of intensive agriculture, specifically an approach to animal husbandry designed to maximize production while minimizing costs. To achieve this, agribusinesses keep livestock such as cattle, poultry, and fish at high stocking densities, at large scale, and using modern machinery, biotechnology, and global trade. The main products of this industry are meat, milk and eggs for human consumption.
The Large Black is a British breed of domestic pig. It is the only British pig that is entirely black. It was created in the last years of the nineteenth century by merging the black pig populations of Devon and Cornwall in the south-west with those of Essex, Suffolk and Kent in the south-east. It is hardy, docile and prolific; it forages well and is suitable for extensive farming, but not well suited to intensive management.
The goat or domestic goat is a species of domesticated goat-antelope that is mostly kept as livestock. It was domesticated from the bezoar ibex of Southwest Asia and Eastern Europe. The goat is a member of the family Bovidae, meaning it is closely related to the sheep. There are over 300 distinct breeds of goat. It is one of the oldest domesticated species of animal - according to archaeological evidence its earliest domestication occurred in Iran at 10,000 calibrated calendar years ago.
The American Milking Devon is an American breed of dual-purpose cattle, reared both for milk and for beef. It derives from the Devon cattle of the United States, which in turn are derived from the North Devon cattle of south-west England. It was established as a separate breed in 1978 with the formation of the American Milking Devon Cattle Association, after the breeding aims of the Devon were concentrated almost exclusively on beef production. It is a rare breed: its conservation status is listed as by the Livestock Conservancy as 'critical'.
The Meishan is a breed of domestic pig named for Meishan, Jiangsu Province. It is a sub-group of the Taihu pig and is a small to medium-sized breed with large drooping ears, and wrinkled black skin. Meishan Pigs are extremely docile and renowned for their tender and flavorful red meat pork.
In Sri Lanka many farmers depend on animal husbandry for their livelihood, but not a large proportion. Therefore, many livestock products have to be imported. The main livestock products in Sri Lanka are milk, meat and eggs. Hides, wools and other products are still not produced within the country. Animal power formerly used in the cultivation of rice and vegetables have been replaced by modern technology to farmlands. However animal husbandry plays an important role in the rural economy for improving the living conditions of farmers in the country.
The Rideau Arcott is a breed of domestic sheep native to Canada, one of only a few livestock breeds native to the country.
The Hereford Hog or Hereford is an American breed of domestic pig. It is named for its color and pattern, which is similar to that of the Hereford breed of cattle: red with a white face.
The Icelandic goat, also known as the 'settlement goat', is an ancient breed of domestic goat believed to be of Norwegian origin and dating back to the settlement of Iceland over 1100 years ago. This breed of goat was on the verge of extinction during the late 19th century, but recovered prior to World War II, only to precipitously decline again. The population has dropped below 100 animals several times, leading to genetic bottleneck. As of 2003, there were 348 goats in 48 flocks distributed throughout most parts of Iceland. At the end of 2012, the herd had increased to 849. Since this breed has been isolated for centuries, the Icelandic populations are highly inbred. The Icelandic goat is very rare outside its native land. Under its coarse, long guard hair, the Icelandic goat has a coat of high quality cashmere fiber. Icelandic goats are kept mainly as pets and their economic potential for meat, milk, cashmere and skin production remains to be explored. The Icelandic goat is currently of little economic value.
Agriculture in Somalia is the largest economic sector in Somalia and the country's major source of employment. It contributes more than 65% to the national GDP from domestic distribution and exports to other parts of the continent, the Middle East and Europe.
The business of livestock farming is prominent in the Basque Country (Spain). The climate of this region is ideal for raising cattle and other livestock and is classified as Atlantic, or warm and rainy. The most common breeds of livestock raised in this region include beef cattle, dairy cattle, sheep, goats, and horses. These animals are most often raised in mixed farms, or farms that contain a combination of these types of animals and not just one type exclusively. Although the number of livestock farms notably decreased between the years of 1999 and 2009, the number of animals raised on each remaining farm increased dramatically, as discussed in further detail below. In 2006, there were estimated to be about 19,000 Basque farms that involved the raising of livestock.