List of rice cultivars

Last updated

Rice can come in many shapes, colours and sizes. Rice grains (IRRI).jpg
Rice can come in many shapes, colours and sizes.

This is a list of rice cultivars, also known as rice varieties. There are several species of grain called rice. [1] Asian rice (Oryza sativa) is most widely known and most widely grown, with two major subspecies (indica and japonica) and over 40,000 varieties. [2] Also included in this list are varieties of African rice (Oryza glaberrima) and wild rice (genus Zizania).

Contents

Rice may vary in genetics, grain length, color, thickness, stickiness, aroma, growing method, and other characteristics, leading to many cultivars. For instance, over nine major rice cultivars exist to make sake alone. [3] The two subspecies of Asian rice, indica and japonica, can generally be distinguished by length and stickiness. Indica rice is long-grained and unsticky, while japonica is short-grained and glutinous. [4]

Rice can also be divided based on processing type into the two broad categories of brown and white. Brown rice is whole grain, with only the inedible hull of the seed removed, while white rice additionally has the bran and germ removed through the process of milling. [5] Milled rice may not necessarily actually be white in color; there are purple, black, and red variants of rice, which can be eaten whole grain or milled.

The cultivars listed in this article may vary in any number of these characteristics, and most can be eaten whole grain or milled (brown or white). However, there are often strong cultural preferences for one or the other, depending on variety and region.

North American varieties

California varieties

Canadian varieties

Carolina varieties

Texas varieties

Louisiana varieties

African varieties

Australian varieties

Rice being grown in Australia CSIRO ScienceImage 3576 Rice panicle at sunset.jpg
Rice being grown in Australia

Bangladeshi varieties

Bhutanese varieties

A single grain of Bhutanese red rice Zerno krasnogo risa.jpg
A single grain of Bhutanese red rice

Burmese varieties

Cambodian varieties

Chinese varieties

Dominican varieties

French varieties

Greek varieties

Indian varieties

Two cultivars of rice from India compared: khyma (left) and basmati (right) Khyma and Basmati rice.jpg
Two cultivars of rice from India compared: khyma (left) and basmati (right)

Until 1970, India had about 110,000 varieties of rice and now it has about 6,000 varieties. [8]

Rice varieties of Maharastra

Rice varieties of Punjab and Haryana

Basmati and premium non-basmati rice grows in Punjab and Haryana region of India, such as: [14] [15] [16]

  • Traditional Basmati Rice
  • Basmati 30,31
  • PUSA Basmati Rice
  • 1121 Basmati Rice
  • 1509 Basmati Rice
  • 1718 Basmati Rice
  • Sugandha Rice
  • Sharbati Rice
  • RH-10 Rice
  • Parmal 11 or PR11 Rice
  • Parmal 14 or PR14 Rice
  • Parmal 47 or PR 47 Rice
  • Parmal 106 or PR 106 Rice

Rice varieties of Andhra Pradesh

Andhra Pradesh are home to hundreds of rice varieties, such as: [17] [18] [19] [20]

  • Chitti Mutyalu
  • Sona masoori or Bangaru Theegalu
  • Pusa-677 (IET-12617)
  • Krishna Hamsa
  • Triguna (IET-12875)
  • Keshava
  • Swathi
  • Vedagiri
  • Maruteru Sannalu
  • Cottondora Sannalu
  • Bharani
  • Deepti
  • Srikakulam Sannalu
  • Vasundhara
  • Early Samba
  • Surya
  • Tholakari
  • Godavari
  • Shanthi
  • Indra
  • Sree Kurma
  • BPT Rice
  • 1010 (Veyyi Padi)
  • Aarkalu – an ancient varietal
  • Swarna
  • Samba
  • RJL
  • Sampada
  • Amara
  • Sri Dhruthi
  • Tarangini
  • Bheema
  • Chandra
  • Pushyami
  • Prabhat
  • Sujatha
  • Maruteru Samba
  • Maruteru Mahsuri
  • Sravani
  • Samba masuri
  • Gidda masuri
  • Vijaya masuri
  • Tella Masuri
  • Jeelakara Masuri
  • Molagolukulu
  • Jeelakara Sannalu
  • Jayelu

Rice varieties of Karnataka

  • Farmer Developed Varieties
    • Mysore Mallige
    • NMS2
    • Chinnaponni
    • HMT
    • De Govinda
  • Medicinal Rice
    • Navara (originally from Kerala)
    • Diabetic Rice
    • Karigajavali
    • Kagisale
    • Doddabairnellu
  • Scented Aromatic Rice
    • Gandhsale
    • Jeerige Sanna
    • Sannakki
    • Ambemore
    • Burma Black
  • Daily Rice
    • Salem Sanna
    • Rajbhoga
    • Gowri Sanna
    • Rajkamal
    • Karijaddu
    • Karidaddibudda
    • Jolaga
    • Munduga
    • Doddabarinellu
  • Rice specific to Karnataka
    • Rajamudi
    • Rathnachudi
    • Sannavalya
    • Mysore Sanna
    • Bangaragundu
  • BR-2655
  • IR-30864
  • Jaya [21]
  • Kagga of Manikatta [22]
  • Thanu [23]
  • Tunga

Rice varieties of Odisha

De-husked and milled Kalanamak rice in India Kalanamak rice.jpg
De-husked and milled Kalanamak rice in India

Rice varieties of Bihar

Rice varieties of Kerala

  • Arikirai 110
  • Aryan (ആര്യൻ)
  • Boli Ari
  • Cheera Thouvan
  • Chembaavu (ചെമ്പാവ്)
  • Chenjeera
  • Chennellu
  • Cherumadan
  • Chitteni (ചിറ്റേനി)
  • Chuvanna Choman
  • D1 (Uma)
  • Dhebi
  • Gandhakasala
  • Ezhome Rice
  • Jeerakasala
  • Kaattaazhi (കാറ്റാഴി)
  • Kariyadukkan
  • Karutharikannan
  • Keeripallan
  • Kochathikkalaari (കൊച്ചതിക്കലാരി)
  • Kodukayama
  • Kozhivalan
  • Kumaro-athikkalaari (കുമരൊ അതിക്കലാരി)
  • Kunjinellu
  • Kunjuvithu
  • Kuppakayama
  • Kuttadan (കുറ്റാടൻ)
  • Malakkannan
  • Malakkaran
  • Matta Palakkad (പാലക്കാടന്‍ മട്ട)
  • Modan
  • Moorkhan
  • Mundakan (മുണ്ടകൻ)
  • Mundodan
  • Mundot
  • Munnayan
  • Nallachennellu
  • Njavara
  • Odachan
  • Oryssa
  • Palliyaran
  • Paravalappan
  • Ponnariyan
  • Pokkali Rice
  • Punjakayama
  • Rajadhani
  • Rajakayama
  • Ratha Choodi
  • Sughikayama
  • Thavalakkannan (തവളക്കണ്ണൻ)
  • Thonnuran
  • Thottam
  • Thovvan
  • Undakayama
  • Vachan
  • Vattan (വട്ടൻ)
  • Vayalthoova (വയൽത്തൂവ)
  • Vellachoman
  • Vellariyan
  • Vellathovvan
  • Velutharikannan
  • Wayanad Kayamma (കയമ്മ)
  • Sali
  • Suwagmoni

Rice varieties of Tamil Nadu

  • Aduthurai
  • Akshayadhan [26]
  • Ambasamudharam
  • Amsipiti Dhan
  • Aravan Kuruva
  • Ariyan Nel
  • Arubatham Samba
  • Aruvadhan Kodai
  • Arwa
  • Basmati Tukda
  • Bhatta Dhan
  • Biagunda Dhan
  • Bod Dhan
  • Chengalpattu Sirumani
  • Chennel
  • Chithiraikar (Pondy)
  • Chithiraikkar
  • Chomala
  • Chot Dhan
  • Cochin Samba
  • Coimbatore
  • Eravapandi
  • Gandakesala
  • Improved Samba Mahsuri
  • Improved White Ponni
  • IR-20
  • Molakolukulu
  • IR-50
  • Molakolukulu
  • Jil Jil Vaigunda
  • Jirkudai
  • Jogarnath Dhan
  • Kadaikazhuthan
  • Kaividhai Samba
  • Kalarpaalai
  • Kalarpalai
  • Kalinga III [27]
  • Kaliyan Samba
  • Kallimadaiyan
  • Kallundai
  • Kallurundaiyan
  • Kamban Samba
  • Kandasel/Kandasali
  • Kappakkar
  • Kappa Samba
  • Kar Samba
  • Karthigai Samba
  • Karunguruvai
  • Karuppu Nel
  • Karuthakkar
  • Katarni
  • Kattanur Nel
  • Katta Samba
  • Kattukuthalam
  • Kattu Samba
  • Kattu Vaniyam
  • Kitchili Samba
  • Kollan Samba
  • Kollikkar
  • Konakkuruvai
  • Koomvalai
  • Kouni Nel
  • Kudaivazhai
  • Kudavazhai
  • Kudhiraival Samba
  • Kullakaar
  • Kundri Manisamba
  • Kunthali
  • Kurangu Samba
  • Kuruvai
  • Kuruvai Kalanchiyam
  • Kuruvaikalayan
  • Kuzhiyadichan
  • Kullakkara Samba
  • Lakshmi Kajal
  • Lendhi Dhan
  • Mahate
  • Mal-bhog
  • Manakathai
  • Mansoori
  • Mappillai Samba
  • Maranel
  • Mathimuni
  • Mattai 110
  • Mattaikkar
  • Mattaikkuruvai
  • Moongil
  • Mottakur
  • Murugangar Nel
  • Muttakkar
  • Nalla Manisamba
  • Navara
  • Neelasamba
  • Ninni Dhan
  • Norungan
  • Njavara
  • Oazhava Katrazhai
  • Ondrarai Samba
  • Oldisaur Dhan
  • Ottadai
  • Parwmal
  • Pathrakali
  • Pattaraikkar
  • Pattar Pisin
  • Periyavari
  • Perungar
  • Pisini
  • Pitchavari
  • Ponni Rice
  • Poongar
  • Poovan Samba
  • Puzhuthiikar
  • Puzhuthikal
  • Puzhuthi Samba
  • Rasagadam
  • Rongalachi Dhan
  • Sadakar
  • Sivan Samba
  • Siraga samba
  • Samba
  • Samba Mosanam
  • Sandikar
  • Sanna Samba
  • Seela Rice
  • Seeraga Samba
  • Selam Samba
  • Sembilipanni
  • Sempalai
  • Sempalai (D.K.M.)
  • Sigappu Jermany
  • Sigappu Kuzhiyadichan
  • Sivappu Chithiraikar
  • Sivappu Kuruvikar
  • Soolaikuruvai
  • Sooran Kuruvai
  • Sornavali
  • Sornavari
  • Sureka
  • Surti Kolam/Kolam
  • Thangam Samba
  • Thidakkal
  • Thinni
  • Thooyamallee
  • Trichy 3
  • Tulsi-manjari Black
  • Vadan Samba
  • Vaigunda
  • Valla Arakkan
  • Vangu Vellai
  • Varadhan [28]
  • Varalan
  • Varappu Kudainchan
  • Vasaramundan
  • Veer Adangan
  • Veethivadangan (ASD-3)
  • Velchi
  • Veliyan
  • Vellai Chithiraikkar
  • Vellaikkariyan
  • Vellaikkuruvai
  • Vellaikkuruvai
  • Vellai Nel
  • Vellai Poonkar

Rice varieties of Telangana

West Bengal rice varieties

There are possibly up to 82,700 varieties of rice extant in India, and of those more than 5000 were found in West Bengal. However, only 150 of them are commonly grown. Many are grown organically to compete with more modern cultivars. The Agricultural Training Centre of West Bengal exists to conserve and promote the use of folk rice varieties, including many listed below. [29]

  • Alai
  • Amkel
  • Antarbhet
  • Are emo
  • Adansilpa
  • Agarali
  • Agniban
  • Aguripak
  • Anshphal
  • Arabaihar
  • Arabaihar
  • Are hat Punko
  • Aroar
  • Asanliya
  • Bahurupi
  • Begun bichi
  • Bhaaluki
  • Bhaludubraj
  • Bhasa Kalmi
  • Bhasa manik
  • Birpana
  • Badamphul
  • Badshabhog
  • Bahdurbhog
  • Baigan monjia
  • Bakui
  • Balam
  • Balaramsal
  • Banglaptanai
  • Baranali
  • Barshalakshmi
  • Baskathi
  • Basmoti-370
  • Baspata
  • Bhimsal
  • Bhogdhan
  • Bhutia
  • Birahi
  • Birai
  • Bodimani
  • Chamarmani
  • Chamatkar
  • Chinakamini
  • Chandrakanata
  • Deko 2
  • Denta
  • Dheku
  • Dhundhuni
  • Dudheswar
  • Dudheswar Sundarban
  • Danaguri
  • Dandkhani
  • Dandsal
  • Danti
  • Dayalmadina
  • Debsundari
  • Dehradun Gandheswari
  • Desi Jarhan Baihar
  • Desidhan
  • Dhapa
  • Dharaial
  • Dhusari
  • Dolle Kartick
  • Dope
  • Dubraj
  • Dudheswar
  • Dudhkalma
  • Dwarkasal
  • Fulmugri
  • Gangabaru
  • Garikhajara
  • Geligeti
  • Ghios
  • Ghurghupaijam
  • Gitanjali
  • Gobindabhog
  • Gopalbhog
  • Goradhan
  • Janglijata
  • Haldichuri
  • Haludgati
  • Hamai
  • Hamilton
  • Harinkajli
  • Hatidhan
  • Hendebaihar
  • Heruajoha
  • HJP 110
  • HJP 72
  • HJP 73
  • HJP 77
  • HJP sahebbhog
  • HMT
  • Hogla
  • HP 203
  • Hamiltan
  • Hangara
  • Hormanona
  • Itanagar
  • Jawaful
  • jeeraful
  • Jalkamini
  • Jamainaru
  • Jasmine
  • Jata
  • Jhili
  • Jhinge sal
  • Jhingesal L
  • Jhuli
  • Jhulur
  • Jhumpuri
  • Jigiresamba
  • Jugal
  • Jabra
  • Jaldhapa
  • Jaldubi
  • JP 57
  • Jubri dhan
  • Kaleti
  • Kaloboro
  • Kumragore
  • Kabirajsal
  • Kabirajsal Odisha
  • Kaggavat
  • Khara
  • Kahndagiri
  • Kaika
  • Kalachipta
  • Kalalahi
  • Kalamdani
  • Kalodhan
  • Kalodhapa
  • Kalogoda
  • Kalojira
  • Kalonunia
  • Kaltura
  • Kalavat
  • Kaminibhog
  • Kamolsankari
  • Kanakchur
  • Kanchafulo
  • Kankri
  • Karigavole
  • Karikagga
  • Karni
  • Kasiphul
  • Kasuabinni
  • Katarangi
  • Kataribhog
  • Katki
  • Kendu Manjia
  • Kerala Sundar
  • Kesab sal
  • Khadwak
  • Kolajoha
  • Kolkiala pateni
  • Komol
  • Krishanabhog
  • Kuji Pateni
  • Kute Patnai
  • Laghu
  • Lakhsman sal
  • Lalbadshabhog
  • Lalbasmati
  • Laldhan Patela
  • Laldhapa
  • Lalgetu
  • Lalkalam
  • Lalsita
  • Lathisal
  • Lusri
  • Lalbahal
  • Laldhan
  • Lalsaru
  • Lalu
  • Langlamuthi
  • Lohoindi
  • Maiganguri
  • Malabati
  • Maliagiri
  • Marikhas
  • Meghi
  • Meghnad Dumru
  • Mohini 2
  • Motabaihar
  • Moulo
  • Machakanata
  • Madhumala
  • Malsiara
  • Marichsal
  • Markali
  • Mastaer patnai
  • Matidhan
  • Matla
  • Medi
  • Mehadi
  • Mohonbhog
  • Mugojai
  • Nagaland kalo
  • Nalipankhia
  • Nikkodan
  • Nivar
  • Nonakshitish
  • Nagaland
  • Nagalanmd Sada
  • Nageswari
  • Nagra patnai
  • Narayan 21
  • Narayan kamini
  • Narkelchari
  • Naryan Patnai
  • Neli emo
  • Orasal
  • P 64 From Meghalya
  • P 66 From Meghalaya
  • Pakistani Basmati
  • Pakri
  • Pankha Gura
  • Pari
  • Paru
  • Pateni
  • Patikalam
  • Patnai 23
  • Payti emo
  • Putkhalai
  • Parbal
  • Parimolsana
  • Phakirmoni
  • Pokali
  • Rabansal
  • Radhatilak
  • Radhuni pagal
  • Raghu sal
  • Ramchandrabhog
  • Ramigelli
  • Rangi Dhan
  • Rani akanda
  • Radha emo
  • Rahspanjar
  • Ramjiara
  • Ranikajal
  • Rupali
  • Rupsal
  • Sadagetu
  • Sabita
  • Sabraj
  • Sada Chenga
  • Sada Kalam
  • Safari
  • Salkele
  • Samba sole
  • Sapuri
  • Sararaj
  • Sarukala
  • Shatia
  • Shu Kalma
  • Silkote
  • Sita sal
  • Sitabhog
  • Siulee
  • Sole
  • Soler Pona
  • Sonalu
  • Sonasari
  • Srikamal
  • Sundari
  • Super sita
  • Talmugur
  • Tangar sal
  • Teranga
  • Thubi
  • Tilakkachari
  • Tulsa
  • Tulsibas
  • Tulsimanjari
  • Tulsmukul
  • Tilakasturi
  • Toragoda
  • Tulaipanji
  • Vogalaya
  • White Harisnakar
  • White ponny

Indonesian rice varieties/landraces

In Indonesia, there are at least 45 varieties of rice for wet-field production (sawah) and 150 varieties of rice for dry-field production. [30]

Iranian varieties

Many varieties of rice are cultivated in Iran. A few of them are listed below.

Italian varieties

Maratelli rice before harvest in Italy Pannocchia di Maratelli.jpg
Maratelli rice before harvest in Italy

Japanese varieties

Non-glutinous rice
Varieties used in sake production
Glutinous rice
Aromatic Rice
Red Rice
Black rice

Malaysian varieties

White rice
Glutinous rice
Black glutinous rice
Red rice
Fragrant rice
Herbicide tolerance rice

Nepali varieties

Kalopatle Kalopatle.jpg
Kalopatle
Jumli Marshi Jumli Marshi.jpg
Jumli Marshi
Pokhareli Jethobudho Pokhareli Jethobudho.jpg
Pokhareli Jethobudho

Pakistani varieties

Philippine varieties

Balatinaw (or Balatinao), an heirloom black rice from Mountain Province, Philippines Balatinaw (or Balatinao) black rice from the Philippines 01.jpg
Balatinaw (or Balatinao), an heirloom black rice from Mountain Province, Philippines

Portuguese varieties

Sri Lankan varieties

Spanish varieties

Bomba rice Bomba-Rice.jpg
Bomba rice

Taiwanese varieties

Penglai rice Oryza sativa-japonica Penglai.jpg
Penglai rice
Zailai rice Oryza sativa-indica Zailai.jpg
Zailai rice

Thai varieties

Jasmine rice from Thailand 2014 uncooked Thai jasmine rice.jpg
Jasmine rice from Thailand

Vietnamese varieties

See also

References

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