 | This article needs to be updated.(January 2023) |
The most important power stations in Turkey are listed here. Turkey generates about 300 TWh of electricity per year.
| This article needs to be updated.(January 2023) |
The most important power stations in Turkey are listed here. Turkey generates about 300 TWh of electricity per year.
All operational coal-fired power stations over 50MW are listed below.
Five plants were shut down at the end of 2019 to reduce air pollution, [1] leaving total installed capacity at about 17 GW, with 1.3 GW under construction. [2] However [3] government may continue subsidizing some of the most polluting plants in 2020. [4] [5] In 2019 almost 500 million lira was paid to them. [6]
In 2017 imported hard coal generated 51 TWh and local coal (almost all lignite) 44 TWh of electricity. [7]
Hard coal is estimated to emit 1126 g CO2-eq./kWh and lignite 1062 g CO2-eq./kWh. [8]
| Power Station | Capacity (MW) | CO2 emissions (Mt/year) [9] | Owner | Capacity Mechanism Payment (₺m) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2018 [12] | 2019 [13] | 2020 [14] | 2021 [15] | ||||
| Afşin-Elbistan B | 1440 | 7.41 | EÜAŞ | ||||
| Atlas Enerji İskenderun | 1200 | 4.66 | Atlas Enerji | eligible | eligible | ||
| Bolu Göynük | 270 | 1.39 | Kazancı Holding | 30 | 40 | eligible | eligible |
| Cenal | 1320 | 5.04 | Cenal Elektrik | eligible | |||
| Çatalağzı | 315 | eligible | |||||
| Çayırhan | 620 | 3.65 | Ciner Group | ||||
| Yatağan | 630 | 3.92 | Bereket Enerji | 70 | 94 | eligible | eligible |
| Emba Hunutlu | 1320 | mainly Shanghai Electric Power Company [16] also local investors | |||||
| Kangal | 457 | eligible | |||||
| Kemerköy | 630 | 3.78 | Yeniköy Kemerköy Elektrik | 70 | 94 | eligible | eligible |
| Yeniköy | 420 | 2.61 | Yeniköy Kemerköy Elektrik | 47 | 63 | eligible | eligible |
| 18 Mart Can | 320 | 1.78 | EÜAŞ | ||||
| Çan-2 | 330 | 1.54 | ODAŞ Group | 10 | 49 | eligible | eligible |
| Orhaneli | 210 | 1.26 | Çelikler Holding | 23 | 31 | eligible | eligible |
| Tufanbeyli | 450 | 2.32 | Enerjisa | 67 | eligible | eligible | |
| Soma | 990 | 6.09 | Anadolu Birlik Holding via tr:Konya Şeker | 110 | 148 | eligible | eligible |
| ZETES power stations | 2790 | 10.98 total ZETES | Eren Enerji | 13 | 10 | eligible | eligible |
| İsken Sugözü | 1320 | 5.35 | tr:OYAK | ||||
| İzdemir Enerji | 350 | 1.49 | İzdemir Enerji | eligible | eligible | ||
| İÇDAŞ Bekirli-1 | 405 | 6.89 including İÇDAŞ Bekirli-2 | İÇDAŞ | 5 | 5 | eligible | eligible |
| İÇDAŞ Bekirli-2 | 1200 | included in İÇDAŞ Bekirli-1 | İÇDAŞ | eligible | |||
| Şırnak Silopi | 405 | 2.08 | Ciner Group | 45 | 61 | eligible | eligible |
| Soma Kolin | 510 | 2.76 | Kolin Group | 50 | eligible | eligible | |
| Seyitömer | 600 | eligible | |||||
| Polat | 51 | 0.26 | Polatyol | 8 | eligible | eligible | |
| Gebze Çolakoğlu | 190 | Çolakoğlu Metalurji | eligible | eligible | |||
| Totals: | 18743 | 56.8 | 423 | 720 | |||
 | This section needs additional citations for verification .(March 2020) |
In 2020 about 68 TWh of electricity was generated from gas. [17] As of 2021 [update] , according to the head of the Electricity Producers’ Association, natural gas plants do not have enough money for maintenance work. [18]
| Station | Location | Coordinates | Capacity (MW) | Construction year | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gebze | SAKARYA | 1,631 | |||
| İzmir | İZMİR | 1,520 | |||
| Bursa | BURSA | 1,432 | |||
| Ambarlı A | İSTANBUL | 1,351 | |||
| Hamitabat | KIRKLARELİ | 1,220 | |||
| Habaş Aliağa | İZMİR | 1,043 | |||
| Bandırma | BALIKESİR | 936 | |||
| Kırıkkale | KIRIKKALE | 927 | |||
| Erzin Doğalgaz santrali | HATAY | 904 | |||
| Antalya | ANTALYA | 900 | |||
| Bilgin Samsun Doğalgaz Kombine Çevrim Santrali | SAMSUN | 887 | |||
| Yeni Doğalgaz Çevrim Santrali | KOCAELİ | 865 | |||
| İç Anadolu Doğal Gaz Kombine Çevrim Enerji Santralı Projesi | KIRIKKALE | 853 | |||
| Adapazarı Doğalgaz Kombine Çevrim Santrali | SAKARYA | 818 | |||
| İstanbul Fuel Oil ve Doğal Gaz Kom. Çev. Sant. (B) | İSTANBUL | 816 | |||
| Doğalgaz Kombine çevrim Enerji Santrali | DENİZLİ | 797 | |||
| Ankara | ANKARA | 770 | |||
| Cengiz 610 MW DGKÇS | SAMSUN | 610 | |||
| Bandırma II Doğalgaz Kombine Çevrim Santrali | BALIKESİR | 607 | |||
| Bursa | BURSA | 486 | |||
| Tekirdağ | TEKİRDAĞ | 956 | |||
| Kazan Doğalgaz Kojenerasyon Santrali | ANKARA | 379 | |||
| Gebze Dilovası Doğal Gaz Kombine Çevrim Santrali | KOCAELİ | 253 | |||
| Yeşilyurt Enerji Samsun Merkez OSB DGKÇS | SAMSUN | 234 | |||
| AGE DGKÇS I | DENİZLİ | 205 | |||
| Karadeniz Ereğli-Zonguldak | ZONGULDAK | 195 | |||
| Esenyurt Termik Santrali | İSTANBUL | 180 | |||
| Şanlıurfa OSB Enerji Santrali | ŞANLIURFA | 147 | |||
| Aksa Santralı | YALOVA | 145 | |||
| Taha DGKÇS | MARDİN | 136 | |||
| Mersin Kojenerasyon Santrali | MERSİN | 126 | |||
| Çolakoğlu-1 Termik Santrali | KOCAELİ | 123 | |||
| İzmit-Köseköy Termik Santrali | KOCAELİ | 112 | |||
| Kırklareli DGKÇ | KIRKLARELİ | 82 | |||
| Ales DKÇS | AYDIN | 62 | |||
| Delta Doğalgaz Kombine Çevrim Santrali | KIRKLARELİ | 61 | |||
| Çorlu-Tekirdağ | TEKİRDAĞ | 56 | |||
| Lüleburgaz-Kırklareli | KIRKLARELİ | 50 |
The CO2 emissions from new geothermal plants in Turkey are high but gradually decline: lifecycle emissions are still being researched as of 2019. [19]
| Station | Community | Coordinates | Capacity (MW) | Construction year |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kızıldere Geothermal Power Plant [20] | Sarayköy, Denizli | 37°57′00″N28°50′35″E / 37.95000°N 28.84306°E | 95 | 1984 |
| Gümüşköy Geothermal Power Plant [21] | Germencik, Aydın | 37°51′20″N27°27′48″E / 37.85556°N 27.46333°E | 13.2 | ? |
As of 2021 [update] there is 9 GW of solar PV. [22]
| Station name | Owner | Location | Planned Capacity(MW) | Capacity (MW) | Construction year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Karapınar | Kalyon | Konya | 1300 | 1000 | 2020 to 2023 |
| Station | Community | Coordinates | Capacity (MW) | Construction year |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Greenway Mersin CSP | 5 [23] | ? | ||
As of 2022, there were 280 wind farms in Turkey, of which 280 were active in production with a total installed capacity of 10.592 GW more than 10% of the total installed power capacity of the country. [24]
| Name | Location | Province | Capacity (MW) | Year | Manufacturer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| KARABURUN Wind Farm | İZMİR | KARABURUN | 222.8 | 01.03.2018 | |
| İstanbul Wind Farm | İSTANBUL | ÇATALCA | 181.8 | 10.09.2020 | |
| Albay Çiğiltepe Wind Farm | AFYONKARAHİSAR | DİNAR | 172.6 | 16.03.2011 | |
| Geycek Wind Farm | KIRŞEHİR | 168 | 14.05.2008 | ||
| Balıkesir Wind Farm | BALIKESİR | 142.5 | 18.04.2007 | ||
| Gökçedağ | OSMANİYE | BAHÇE | 135 | 19.12.2003 | |
| Saros Wind Farm | ÇANAKKALE | 132.886 | 18.10.2012 | ||
| Kangal Wind Farm | SİVAS | 128 | 12.04.2011 | ||
| Şamlı | BALIKESİR | 126.5 | 06.04.2004 | ||
| Soma | MANİSA | SOMA | 120 | 18.04.2019 | |
| Evrencik Wind Farm | KIRKLARELİ | VİZE | 120 | 09.02.2012 | |
| Aliağa | İZMİR | ALİAĞA | 120 | 17.07.2008 | |
| Tatlıpınar Wind Farm | BALIKESİR | MERKEZ | 108 | 21.06.2012 | |
| Şah Wind Farm | BALIKESİR | BANDIRMA | 105 | 10.04.2008 | |
| Kuşadası Wind Farm | AYDIN | SÖKE | 103.5 | 21.07.2011 | |
| Bağlar Wind Farm | KONYA | MERKEZ | 100 | 21.06.2012 | |
| Çanta | 47.5 | ||||
| Dağpazarı | 39 | ||||
| Mut | 33 |
| Station | Community | Coordinates | Capacity (MW) | Construction year | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Akkuyu Nuclear Power Plant [25] [26] | 36°08′42″N33°32′25″E / 36.144893°N 33.540376°E | 4800 | ? | Under construction | |
| Sinop Nuclear Power Plant [27] | 42°05′09″N34°57′19″E / 42.085739°N 34.955378°E | 4400 | Cancelled | ||
Yatağan Power Station is a coal-fired power station in Turkey in Yatağan, Muğla Province in the south-west of the country. Currently owned by Aydem Enerji it has a 120m chimney. Yatağan thermal power plant consumes 5.4 million tons of coal from mines such as Turgut and can produce 3,780 GWh annually, the least productive power station in Turkey. The area is a sulfur dioxide air pollution hotspot and as of 2017 the air pollution caused by Yatağan and neighboring Kemerköy power station and Yeniköy power station is estimated to have caused 45,000 premature deaths. It is estimated that closing the plant by 2030, instead of when its licence ends in 2063, would prevent over 9000 premature deaths. Two workers were killed in 2018 and the plant's safety has been criticized by the Chamber of Engineers.
Energy consumption per person in Turkey is similar to the world average, and over 85 per cent is from fossil fuels. From 1990 to 2017 annual primary energy supply tripled, but then remained constant to 2019. In 2019, Turkey's primary energy supply included around 30 per cent oil, 30 per cent coal, and 25 per cent gas. These fossil fuels contribute to Turkey's air pollution and its above average greenhouse gas emissions. Turkey mines its own lignite but imports three-quarters of its energy, including half the coal and almost all the oil and gas it requires, and its energy policy prioritises reducing imports.
Renewables supply a quarter of energy in Turkey, including heat and electricity. Some houses have rooftop solar water heating, and hot water from underground warms many spas and greenhouses. In parts of the west hot rocks are shallow enough to generate electricity as well as heat. Wind turbines, also mainly near western cities and industry, generate a tenth of Turkey’s electricity. Hydropower, mostly from dams in the east, is the only modern renewable energy which is fully exploited. Hydropower averages about a fifth of the country's electricity, but much less in drought years. Apart from wind and hydro, other renewables; such as geothermal, solar and biogas; together generated almost a tenth of Turkey’s electricity in 2022. Türkiye has ranked 5th in Europe and 12th in the world in terms of installed capacity in renewable energy. The share of renewables in Türkiye’s installed power reached to 54% at the end of 2022.
Turkey uses more electricity per person than the global average, but less than the European average, with demand peaking in summer due to air conditioning. Most electricity is generated from coal, gas and hydropower, with hydroelectricity from the east transmitted to big cities in the west. Electricity prices are state-controlled, but wholesale prices are heavily influenced by the cost of imported gas.
Soma power station is a 990 MW coal-fired power station in Soma, Manisa in western Turkey. In 2020 of the 6 units 2 were shut down. Steam from the plant is used for residential heating in the winter.
The Zonguldak Eren Termik Santrali (ZETES) power stations in Zonguldak are 3 coal-fired power stations in Turkey totaling 2790 MW owned by Eren Holding via Eren Enerji.
The Afşin-Elbistan power stations are coal-fired power stations in Afşin in Kahramanmaraş Province in Turkey. The area is a sulfur dioxide air pollution hotspot: Air pollution can be trapped by the surrounding mountains, and Greenpeace say that measurements they took nearby in late 2020 show illegal levels of particulates and nitrogen oxides. The Environment Ministry has not released the flue gas measurements.
Seyitömer power station is a 600-megawatt coal-fired power station in Turkey near Seyitömer, Kütahya Province, built in the late 20th century, which burns lignite mined locally.
Tunçbilek power station is a 365 MW coal-fired power station in Turkey in Kütahya built in the 1970s, which burns lignite from Tunçbilek coal mine. The plant is owned by Çelikler Holding and in 2018 received 41 million lira capacity payments. The area is a sulfur dioxide air pollution hotspot. According to İklim Değişikliği Politika ve Araştırma Derneği in 2021 the plant operated without a licence for 11 days without penalty.
Kangal power station is a 457 MW coal-fired power station in Turkey in Sivas, mostly built in the late 20th century, which burns lignite mined locally. The plant is owned by Anadolu Birlik Holding via Konya Şeker and in 2018 received 51 million lira capacity payments. The area is a sulfur dioxide air pollution hotspot, and agricultural soil is contaminated with chromium, nickel and mercury.
Afşin-Elbistan C was a planned 1800-MW coal-fired power station which was proposed to be built in Turkey by the state-owned mining company Maden Holding. Estimated to cost over 17 billion lira, at planned capacity it would have generated about 3% of the nation's electricity. According to the environmental impact assessment (EIA) the plant would have burned 23 million tonnes of lignite annually, and emit over 61 million tonnes of CO2 each year for 35 years.
İsken Sugözü power station is a 1320 MW operational coal fired power station in Turkey.
Şırnak Silopi power station is a 405 MW operational power station in Silopi, in Şırnak Province in the south-east of Turkey. It is fuelled with asphaltite from Silopi asphaltite mine.
Coal in Turkey generates between a quarter and a third of the nation's electricity. There are 54 active coal-fired power stations with a total capacity of 21 gigawatts (GW).
Soma Kolin power station is a 510-megawatt coal-fired power station in Turkey in Manisa Province, which burns lignite mined locally. The planned original site was changed after local protests. Both units were funded by Turkish banks, built by Harbin Power Equipment, are subcritical and started generating in 2019.
Bekirli power station or İÇDAŞ Bekirli-2 power station or İÇDAŞ Biga-2 power station is a 2 unit 1200-megawatt coal-fired power station in Turkey in Çanakkale Province owned by İÇDAŞ, which burns imported and local coal and receives capacity payments. İşbank provided construction finance. Opponents say it is one of many polluting industries in the area.
Tufanbeyli power station is a 450 MW coal-fired power station in Turkey in Tufanbeyli, built in the 2010s, which burns lignite mined locally. The plant is 40% owned by Sabancı Holding via Enerjisa Enerji and 40% by E.ON and in 2022 received capacity payments.
Çolakoğlu power station is a 190-megawatt coal-fired power station in Turkey in Gebze, Kocaeli Province, which burns imported and local coal.
Polat power station is a 51-megawatt coal-fired power station in Turkey in Kütahya Province, which burns lignite and receives capacity payments.
