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Hezbollah is a Lebanese Shia Islamist political party and militant group, led since 1992 by its Secretary-General Hassan Nasrallah. Hezbollah's paramilitary wing is the Jihad Council, and its political wing is the Loyalty to the Resistance Bloc party in the Lebanese Parliament. Its armed strength is assessed to be equivalent to that of a medium-sized army.
Lebanon, officially the Republic of Lebanon, is a country in the Levant region of West Asia. It is bordered by Syria to the north and east, by Israel to the south, and by the Mediterranean Sea to the west; Cyprus lies a short distance away from the country's coastline. Lebanon's location at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian hinterlands has contributed to the country's rich history and shaped a unique cultural identity shaped by religious diversity. Lebanon has a population of more than five million people and covers an area of 10,452 square kilometres (4,036 sq mi). Lebanon's capital and largest city is Beirut, followed by Tripoli and Jounieh. While Arabic is the official language, French is also recognized in a formal capacity; Lebanese Arabic is the country's vernacular, though French and English play a relatively significant role in everyday life, with Modern Standard Arabic being limited to news and government matters.
The 1956 United States presidential election was the 43rd quadrennial presidential election. It was held on Tuesday, November 6, 1956. Incumbent Republican President Dwight D. Eisenhower and his running mate, incumbent Vice President Richard Nixon, were re-elected, defeating for a second time Democrat Adlai Stevenson II, former Illinois governor. This election was the sixth rematch in American presidential history, a situation which would not occur again until 2024. It was the second time in which the winner was the same both times, the first being William McKinley's victories over William Jennings Bryan in 1896 and 1900. This was the last election before term limits established by the 22nd Amendment, which applied to Eisenhower, were effective.
Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein was an Egyptian military officer and politician who served as the second president of Egypt from 1954 until his death in 1970. Nasser led the Egyptian revolution of 1952 and introduced far-reaching land reforms the following year. Following a 1954 attempt on his life by a Muslim Brotherhood member, he cracked down on the organization, put President Mohamed Naguib under house arrest and assumed executive office. He was formally elected president in June 1956.
The 1982 Lebanon War began on 6 June 1982, when Israel invaded southern Lebanon. The invasion followed a series of attacks and counter-attacks between the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) operating in southern Lebanon and the Israeli military that had caused civilian casualties on both sides of the border. The military operation was launched after gunmen from the Abu Nidal Organization attempted to assassinate Shlomo Argov, Israel's ambassador to the United Kingdom. Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin blamed Abu Nidal's enemy, the PLO, for the incident, and used the incident as a casus belli for the invasion.
The 1958 Lebanon crisis was a political crisis in Lebanon caused by political and religious tensions in the country that included a United States military intervention. The intervention lasted for around three months until President Camille Chamoun, who had requested the assistance, completed his term as president of Lebanon. American and Lebanese government forces successfully occupied the Port of Beirut and Beirut International Airport. With the crisis over, the United States withdrew.
Carey Estes Kefauver was an American politician from Tennessee. A member of the Democratic Party, he served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1939 to 1949 and in the U.S. Senate from 1949 until his death in 1963.
The Lebanese Civil War was a multifaceted armed conflict that took place from 1975 to 1990. It resulted in an estimated 150,000 fatalities and also led to the exodus of almost one million people from Lebanon.
This is a list of aviation-related events from 1956.
The Syria–Lebanon campaign, also known as Operation Exporter, was the invasion of Syria and Lebanon in June and July 1941 by British Empire forces, during the Second World War.
The Multinational Force in Lebanon (MNF) was an international peacekeeping force created in August 1982 following a 1981 U.S.-brokered ceasefire between the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and Israel to end their involvement in the conflict between Lebanon's pro-government and pro-Syrian factions. The ceasefire held until June 3, 1982 when the Abu Nidal Organization attempted to assassinate Shlomo Argov, Israel's ambassador to London. Israel blamed the PLO and three days later invaded Lebanon. West Beirut was besieged for seven weeks before the PLO acceded to a new agreement for their withdrawal. The agreement provided for the deployment of a Multinational Force to assist the Lebanese Armed Forces in evacuating the PLO, Syrian forces and other foreign combatants involved in Lebanon's civil war.
The Syrian occupation of Lebanon began in 1976, during the Syrian intervention in the Lebanese Civil War, and ended on April 30, 2005, after the Cedar Revolution and several demonstrations in which most of the Lebanese people participated. The withdrawal agreement was signed by President Bashar al-Assad and Saad Hariri, son of Rafic Hariri, whose assassination triggered the series of events leading to the withdrawal.
The Arab–Israeli conflict is the phenomenon involving political tension, military conflicts, and other disputes between various Arab countries and Israel, which escalated during the 20th century. The roots of the Arab–Israeli conflict have been attributed to the support by Arab League member countries for the Palestinians, a fellow League member, in the ongoing Israeli–Palestinian conflict; this in turn has been attributed to the simultaneous rise of Zionism and Arab nationalism towards the end of the 19th century, though the two national movements had not clashed until the 1920s.
United States foreign policy in the Middle East has its roots in the early 19th-century Tripolitan War that occurred shortly after the 1776 establishment of the United States as an independent sovereign state, but became much more expansive in the aftermath of World War II. With the goal of preventing the Soviet Union from gaining influence in the region during the Cold War, American foreign policy saw the deliverance of extensive support in various forms to anti-communist and anti-Soviet regimes; among the top priorities for the U.S. with regards to this goal was its support for the State of Israel against its Soviet-backed neighbouring Arab countries during the peak of the Arab–Israeli conflict. The U.S. also came to replace the United Kingdom as the main security patron for Saudi Arabia as well as the other Arab states of the Persian Gulf in the 1960s and 1970s in order to ensure, among other goals, a stable flow of oil from the Persian Gulf. As of 2023, the U.S. has diplomatic relations with every country in the Middle East except for Iran, with whom relations were severed after the 1979 Islamic Revolution, and Syria, with whom relations were suspended in 2012 following the outbreak of the Syrian Civil War.
From March 11 to June 5, 1956, voters of the Democratic Party chose its nominee for president in the 1956 United States presidential election. Former Illinois Governor Adlai Stevenson was selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses culminating in the 1956 Democratic National Convention held from August 13 to August 17, 1956, in Chicago, Illinois. This was the party's second consecutive nomination of Stevenson.
January 1956 was the first month of that leap year. The month which began on a Sunday and ended after 31 days on a Tuesday.
During the 1982 Lebanon War, the city of Beirut was besieged by Israel following the breakdown of the ceasefire that had been imposed by the United Nations amidst the Lebanese Civil War. Beginning in mid-June, the two-month-long siege resulted in the expulsion of the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) from Beirut and the rest of Lebanon.
The history of Syria covers events which occurred on the territory of the present Syrian Arab Republic and events which occurred in the region of Syria. Throughout ancient times the territory of present Syrian Arab Republic was occupied and ruled by several empires, including the Sumerians, Mitanni, Assyrians, Babylonians, Egyptians, Hittites, Canaanites, Phoenicians, Arameans, Amorites, Persians, Greeks and Romans. Syria is considered to have emerged as an independent country for the first time on 24 October 1945, upon the signing of the United Nations Charter by the Syrian government, effectively ending France's mandate by the League of Nations to "render administrative advice and assistance to the population" of Syria, which came in effect in April 1946.
May 1956 was the fifth month of that leap year. The month which began on a Tuesday and ended after 31 days on a Thursday
August 1956 was the eighth month of that leap year. The month which began on a Wednesday and ended on a Friday after 31 days
References
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- ↑ "Discus Thrower (sculpture)". Art Inventories Catalog. Smithsonian American Art Museum . Retrieved 2012-04-19.
- ↑ "UPI Almanac for Monday, March 1, 2021". United Press International . March 1, 2021. Retrieved July 12, 2021.
... actor Tim Daly in 1956 (age 65)
- ↑ Turner, Barry (2010). The statesman's yearbook 2011 : the politics, cultures and economies of the world. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 802. ISBN 9781349586356.
- ↑ "Déclaration commune" (in French). Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Development (France). March 2, 1956.
- ↑ aerobaticteams.net Sky Lancers
- ↑ 1 Air Division Aerobatic Display Teams Sky Lancers – 1956 Archived 2014-12-25 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ East, Roger (2006). Profiles of people in power : the world's government leaders. London New York: Routledge. p. 68. ISBN 9781857433463.
- ↑ McMullin, Ross (1991). The Light on the Hill: The Australian Labor Party 1891-1991. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-554966-X.
- 1 2 Kozlov, Vladimir A (transl. by MacKinnon, Elaine McClarnand; 2002), Mass Uprisings in the USSR: Protest and Rebellion in the Post-Stalin Years, pp. 112–136. M.E. Sharpe, ISBN 0-7656-0668-2
- ↑ "Vietnam War Timeline: 1956-1967" http://www.vietnamgear.com/Indochina1956.aspx, accessed 10 Aug 2014
- ↑ Diebert, Timothy S.; Strapac, Joseph A. (1987). Southern Pacific Company Steam Locomotive Conpendium. Shade Tree Books. ISBN 978-0-930742-12-6.
- ↑ Laing, Dave (December 27, 2010). "Teena Marie obituary". The Guardian . Retrieved August 3, 2020.
- ↑ Gunlicks, Arthur B. (2003). The Länder and German federalism. Manchester University Press. p. 146. ISBN 978-0-7190-6533-0.
- ↑ Chase's Calendar of Events 2019 : the ultimate go-to guide for special days, weeks and months. BERNAN Press. 2018. p. 165. ISBN 9781641432641.
- ↑ "The Election". The China Mail. 8 March 1956. p. 1.
- ↑ Fitchett, Joseph (August 4, 1977). "Makarios: Cypriot Nationalism Incarnate". The Washington Post. The Washington Post. Retrieved 14 March 2016.
- ↑ (in Russian) Berets, Sergey, Кризис коммунистического движения (Crisis of the Communist movement). BBC News. 6 March 2006
- ↑ Wood, Derek. Project Cancelled. Macdonald and Jane's Publishers, 1975. ISBN 0-356-08109-5. p 78
- ↑ Aerospaceweb.org – Broken Arrow Nuclear Weapon Accidents
- ↑ "Belgian Merchant P-Z" (PDF). Belgische Koopvaardij. Retrieved 1 December 2010.[ permanent dead link ]
- ↑ Badger, Tony (June 1999). "Southerners Who Refused to Sign the Southern Manifesto". The Historical Journal. 42 (2): 517–534. doi:10.1017/S0018246X98008346. JSTOR 3020998. S2CID 145083004.
- ↑ Gorman, Joseph Bruce. Kefauver: A Political Biography. NY: Oxford University Press, 1971.
- ↑ "BROWNING, DAVID GREIG, JR". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association . Retrieved May 3, 2020.
- ↑ "French Trawler Wrecked On Cornish Coast". The Times. No. 53480. London. 15 March 1956. col A-E, p. 20.
- ↑ "The posthumous life of Karl Marx, Highgate Cemetery". The London Dead. 2014-07-07. Retrieved 2015-07-14.
- ↑ "News in Brief", The Times, 24 February 1956
- ↑ Suskin, Steven. "'My Fair Lady', 1956, 1976, and 1981" Show tunes: the songs, shows, and careers of Broadway's major composers (2010, 4ed.), Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-531407-7, p. 224
- ↑ "M 5.3 - Lebanon - Syria region". United States Geological Survey. March 16, 1956. Retrieved January 10, 2017.
- ↑ "M 5.5 - Lebanon - Syria region". United States Geological Survey. March 16, 1956. Retrieved January 10, 2017.
- ↑ Riotous Assemblies Act
- ↑ "Fred Allen Dies While on Stroll. Won Fame as Wit on Radio After a Stage Career". New York Times . 1956-03-18.
Fred Allen, the humorist, collapsed and died late last night while taking a customary nightly stroll.
- ↑ "Q&A: Polonium-210". Chemistry World. Royal Society of Chemistry. 27 November 2006. Retrieved 2008-09-04.
- 1 2 "Blizzard Havoc On U.S. Coast". The Times. No. 53483. London. 19 March 1956. col D, p. 10.
- ↑ "Bep van Klaaveren's laatste wedstrijd". Leydse Courant . 20 March 1956. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
- ↑ Kenneth J. Perkins, A History of Modern Tunisia (Cambridge University 2004) at 125-129, 131-133.
- ↑ Harold Hutchings (March 21, 1956). "Snow Battered East Digs Out; Count 162 Dead". The Chicago Daily Tribune. Retrieved January 18, 2010.
- ↑ "Wilhelm Miklas, Biografie | Parlament Österreich". www.parlament.gv.at (in German).
- ↑ "The 28th Academy Awards (1956) Nominees and Winners". Oscars.org (Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences). Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 2011-08-20.
- ↑ Perkins, Carl; McGee, David (1996). Go, Cat, Go!. New York: Hyperion Press. ISBN 0-7868-6073-1. OCLC 32895064.
- ↑ The First Islamic Republic
- ↑ Philip, Robert (5 April 2002). "Grand National: Devon Loch's place in history". Telegraph. Retrieved 2010-06-30.
- ↑ Hayler, Will (14 February 2010). "Scars of Devon Loch's Grand National never healed for Dick Francis". The Guardian . London. Retrieved 2010-06-30.
- ↑ "Ingrid Kristiansen official website". Archived from the original on 8 December 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ↑ Guralnick, Peter (1994). Last Train to Memphis . Little, Brown. p. 258. ISBN 9780316332200.
- ↑ Warden, Philip (April 5, 1956). "Tax Raids on Daily Worker Planned 3 Yrs". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 18 May 2017.
- ↑ "Telegrams in Brief". The Times. No. 53501. London. 10 March 1956. col C, p. 9.
- ↑ "Timeline: Israeli prisoner exchanges". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 2011-09-29.
- ↑ National Park Service. "Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks Information Page". Archived from the original on 2007-03-28. Retrieved 2007-03-06.
- ↑ J.S. Loen; C.A. Wallace; H.H. Mehnert; Robert George Schmidt (1983). U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin. U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 1–.