This article needs to be updated.(April 2020) |
New Zealand National Front | |
---|---|
Leader | Colin King-Ansell |
Founded | 1968 |
Dissolved | 2019 |
Membership (2019) | 30 [1] |
Ideology | Ultranationalism White nationalism Anti-Māori sentiment Homophobia Islamophobia Anti-immigration |
Political position | Far-right |
Colors | Red, white and blue (New Zealand national colours) |
Party flag | |
The New Zealand National Front was a small white nationalist organisation in New Zealand.
Mirroring developments in the UK, a group called the National Front evolved from the New Zealand branch of the League of Empire Loyalists in 1967. [2] [3] It was led by Brian Thompson; another notable member was Roger Clare who would later become an activist with the League of St George. [4] It published a magazine called Counter-attack. This group dissolved by the beginning of the 1970s. Thompson remained an overseas supporter of the UK National Front.
"All white countries and only white countries are being flooded with hundreds of millions of non-white people... diversity is just a codeword for white genocide"
The National Front of New Zealand, commonly known as the "New Zealand National Front" (NZNF), was an initiative of John Tyndall of the British National Front formed in 1977. Sister organisations were also formed in Australia and South Africa at the same time.
The party's first chairman was David Crawford, aided by Brian Thompson. Kerry Bolton joined in 1978. It distributed "large numbers of Holocaust denial pamphlets and books". [6] Thompson represented the party at the march in Lewisham in 1977. [7] The party encouraged its activists to infiltrate mainstream parties such as the National Party. [8] From June 1978 the party jointly published a magazine called Frontline with the National Front of Australia. After the end of the Australian group in 1984, the magazine continued until March 1987 in support of a more general non-party "nationalist cause".
The organisation became close to ending during the early 1980s; many of its members left to form the 'New Force' which Bolton formed in 1981.
In 1989 Anton Foljambe sought to revive the Frontline title for his "Conservative Front" grouping. This led to the reformation of the NZNF with Foljambe as leader. It published a magazine, edited by Foljambe, called Viewpoint. Foljambe resigned as leader in 1997 and established the rival National Democrats Party in 1999. Kyle Chapman, who said he had been interested in right-wing politics since the age of 12, [9] then led the party until he resigned as leader in 2005. Bolton rejoined the party in 2004. From 2008, Colin Ansell led the group. Ansell stated that the group was to be a "broad spectrum nationalist movement" with a "strong view on immigration". [10]
On 23 October 2004, the National Front held a protest in Wellington to support retaining the current New Zealand flag, which was attended by an estimated 45 people. [11] An 800-strong counter-demonstration was organised by the MultiCultural Aotearoa coalition and anarchists to expose the sympathies of the National Front. [12] According to The New Zealand Herald , Chapman complained the following day of "insufficient police protection". [13] This "Flag Day Rally" has now become an annual event, with NF members and protesters squaring off outside parliament.
In October 2017, a handful of National Front members protested outside Parliament. They were met by "a sea" of counter-protesters. Fights came close to breaking out and police attended the event. [14]
After the Christchurch mosque shootings of 2019, the National Front like other far-right groups "publicly shut up shop" [15] and largely went underground. [16] An RNZ documentary of April 2019 described them as "the old guard of the far-right" in comparison to new movements with more sophisticated networks and use of technology. [17]
This article is part of a series on |
Conservatism in New Zealand |
---|
The National Front has described itself as a political party, in 2010. [18] Leader Kyle Chapman contested the 2004 Christchurch mayoral election, receiving 1,665 votes (1.9%) and coming fifth out of ten candidates. In a blog post, then-former-leader Kyle Chapman declared the National Front would be joining with the National Democrats and another international organisation, the 'New Right' to contest the 2008 election under the name "Nationalist Alliance". [19] This did not occur; no candidates contested the 2008 election under that name. [20]
According to Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand , the discernible policies of the National Front are "homophobia, racism and patriotic nationalism." [18]
Name | Start year | End year | Time in office |
---|---|---|---|
Kay Hopper | 1968 | 1977 | 9 years |
David Crawford | 1977 | 1989 | 12 years |
Anton Foljambe | 1989 | 1997 | 8 years |
Kyle Chapman | 1997 | 2005 | 8 years |
Colin Ansell | 2008 | 2019? |
The British League of Rights was an offshoot of the Australian League of Rights founded in 1971. It was an "anti-semitic and white supremacist" political group. The British League opposed the entry of the UK into the European Economic Community.
Kyle Chapman is a New Zealand far-right political activist and the former national director of the New Zealand National Front (NZNF), a white nationalist political party with a deep hate for Māori and Pasifika New Zealanders that worked to eliminate Māori and 'black people'. He has stood unsuccessfully three times for the Christchurch mayoralty: first for the NZNF (2004); then for the National Democrats Party (2007); and then for the Resistance Party (2013).
The Australian League of Rights is a far-right and antisemitic political organisation in Australia. It was founded in Adelaide, South Australia, by Eric Butler in 1946, and organised nationally in 1960. It inspired groups like the Canadian League of Rights (1968), the New Zealand League of Rights (1970) and the British League of Rights (1971), with principles based on the economic theory of Social credit expounded by C. H. Douglas. The League describes itself as upholding the virtues of freedom, with stated values of "loyalty to God, Queen and Country".
MultiCultural Aotearoa (MCA) is an anti-fascist group that was formed in 2004 in response to racist attacks in the New Zealand capital, Wellington.
Kerry Raymond Bolton is a New Zealand white supremacist and Holocaust denier, and a writer and political activist on those subjects. In 1980, Bolton co-founded the Church of Odin as the New Zealand branch of the Australian neopagan organisation, First Anglecyn Church of Odin. He is involved in several nationalist and fascist political groups in New Zealand.
Far-right politics in New Zealand has been present in New Zealand in the form of the organised advocacy of fascist, far-right, neo-Nazi, white supremacist, and anti-Semitic views by various groups, although fascism has never gained a strong foothold.
The National Socialist Party of New Zealand, sometimes called the New Zealand Nazi Party, was a far-right political party in New Zealand. It promulgated the same basic views as Adolf Hitler's Nazi Party in Germany, and had a particular focus on Arabs, Jews and the banking sector.
Colin King-Ansell is a prominent figure in far-right politics in New Zealand. He has been described as "New Zealand’s most notorious Nazi proponent and Holocaust denier".
Arthur Nelson Field was a New Zealand journalist, writer and political activist.
Stefan Basil Molyneux is an Irish-born Canadian white nationalist podcaster and proponent of conspiracy theories, white supremacy, scientific racism, and the men's rights movement. He is the founder of the Freedomain Radio website. As of September 2020, Molyneux has been permanently banned or suspended from PayPal, Mailchimp, YouTube, and SoundCloud, all for violating hate speech policies.
The Canadian League of Rights (CLR) was the Canadian offshoot of Eric Butler's Australian League of Rights. Following speaking tours of Canada in the mid-1960s, Eric Butler sought to establish of a local version of his organisation. The CLR was formed in 1968.
The New Zealand League of Rights was the New Zealand offshoot of Eric Butler's Australian League of Rights.
The Identitarian movement or Identitarianism is a pan-European nationalist, ethno-nationalist, far-right political ideology asserting the right of the European ethnic groups and white peoples to Western culture and territories exclusively. Originating in France as Les Identitaires, with its youth wing Generation Identity (GI), the movement expanded to other European countries during the early 21st century. Its ideology was formulated from the 1960s onward by essayists such as Alain de Benoist, Dominique Venner, Guillaume Faye and Renaud Camus, who are considered the main ideological sources of the movement.
The United Patriots Front (UPF) was an Australian far-right extremist group that opposed immigration, multiculturalism and the religion of Islam. Formed in 2015, the group has been largely dormant since their Facebook page was deleted following the 2019 Christchurch mosque shootings.
The National Citizens Alliance was a minor federal political party in Canada, registered with Elections Canada from 2014 to 2017 and from 2019 to 2023. It was founded and led by perennial candidate Stephen Garvey, a proponent of far-right conspiracy theories. The party was described by critics as alt-right, white nationalist, and Islamophobic.
The Lads Society is an Australian far-right, white nationalist, Islamophobic extremist group founded by several former members of the United Patriots Front (UPF) in late 2017. It established club houses in Sydney and Melbourne. The Lads Society came to national prominence after it staged a rally in St Kilda, Victoria, targeting the local African Australian community. Attendees were seen making the Nazi salute and one was photographed wearing an SS helmet.
Far-right politics in Australia describes authoritarian ideologies, including fascism and White supremacy as they manifest in Australia.
Paul Spoonley is a New Zealand sociologist and emeritus professor at Massey University where his specialist area is social change and demography and how this impacts policy decisions at the political level. Spoonley has led numerous externally funded research programmes, written or edited twenty-seven books and is a regular commentator in the news media. Educated both in New Zealand and England, his work on racism, immigration and ethnicity is widely discussed in the wake of the Christchurch mosque shootings (2019) and the COVID-19 pandemic.
Kyle Chapman, also known by the nickname Based Stickman, is an American white nationalist and alt-right activist. He earned his nickname and prominence in the alt-right movement after he was recorded beating an anti-fascist counter-protester with a stick at the March 2017 March 4 Trump rally in Berkeley, California. Shortly after, he founded the Fraternal Order of the Alt-Knights (FOAK), a paramilitary group that is considered a partner or subgroup of the far-right, neo-fascist Proud Boys organization. He led the FOAK until later that year, when he faded from his leadership position following an assault conviction related to the March 4 Trump rally. In November 2020, Chapman announced an attempted takeover of the Proud Boys organization, as well as a plan to reform the group as an explicitly white supremacist organization. The attempted coup was not successful.
Action Zealandia is a white nationalist group in New Zealand that emerged following the Christchurch mosque shootings in 2019 as the successor to an earlier group called the Dominion Movement. According to Newshub, Action Zealandia has restricted its membership to "physically fit, tidy European male[s] of sound mind and good character." In addition to its online activities, the group has plastered stickers, posted banners, and networked with other far-right and neo-Nazi groups in New Zealand and abroad. Action Zealandia has also attracted media attention after members made an online threat against Christchurch's Al Noor Mosque, attempted to start a terror cell, purchase weapons, and participated in the 2022 Wellington protest.