Olios

Olios
Olios lamarcki
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Chelicerata
Class:	Arachnida
Order:	Araneae
Infraorder:	Araneomorphae
Family:	Sparassidae
Genus:	Olios Walckenaer, 1837
Type species
Olios argelasius Walckenaer, 1805
Species
165, see text.
Synonyms
Nisueta Simon, 1880 [1] Nonianus Simon, 1885 [1]

Olios is the largest genus of huntsman spiders, containing 166 species. ^[2] They are found throughout the world, with most species occurring in hot countries. ^[2] The genus was first described by Charles Athanase Walckenaer in 1837. ^[2]

Description

They are small to large Sparassidae, that have eight eyes in two partially straight rows. For the smaller species of this genus, they are usually light brown to brown with darker areas. Most larger species are darker, and some members of this genus may also be green. They are nocturnal hunters. ^[1] Members of the genus Olios are not considered dangerous to humans. While they do possess venom, it is primarily used to subdue its prey, which consists of insects. The venom is not potent enough to cause significant harm to humans, and bites may result in mild symptoms such as redness, swelling, or pain, similar to a bee sting. However, as with any spider bite, individual reactions can vary, and it iss always best to seek medical attention if you experience severe symptoms or an allergic reaction.^{[ citation needed ]}

Habitat

As this genus is widespread, they are found in a large variety of habitats, from savannahs to rainforest. They are mainly found in vegetation, and rarely houses. They are sometimes shipped alongside fruit, but this is not a common occurrence. ^[1]

Olios giganteus with prey

Olios sericeus

Species

As of November 2022 ^[update] it contains 166 species, according to the World Spider Catalogue: ^[2]

• Olios acolastus Thorell, 1890 — Sumatra
• Olios acostae Schenkel, 1953 — Venezuela
• Olios actaeon Pocock, 1899 — New Britain
• Olios admiratus Pocock, 1901 — India
• Olios alluaudi Simon, 1887 — Ivory Coast
• Olios angolensis Jäger, 2020 — Angola
• Olios argelasius Walckenaer, 1805 — Mediterranean
• Olios artemis Hogg, 1916 — New Guinea
• Olios atomarius Simon, 1880 — Peru
• Olios attractus Petrunkevitch, 1911 — Brazil
• Olios aurantiacus Mello-Leitão, 1918 — Brazil
• Olios auricomis Simon, 1880 — Zanzibar
• Olios batesi Pocock, 1899 — Cameroon
• Olios baulnyi Simon, 1874 — Morocco, Senegal, Sudan
• Olios benitensis Pocock, 1899 — Cameroon
• Olios berlandi Roewer, 1951 — New Caledonia
• Olios bhattacharjeei (Saha & Raychaudhuri, 2007) — India
• Olios bhavnagarensis Sethi & Tikader, 1988 — India
• Olios biarmatus Lessert, 1925 — South Africa
• Olios brachycephalus Lawrence, 1938 — South Africa
• Olios bungarensis Strand, 1913 — Sumatra
• Olios canalae Berland, 1924 — New Caledonia
• Olios canariensis Lucas, 1838 — Canary Islands
• Olios caprinus Mello-Leitão, 1918 — Brazil
• Olios chelifer Lawrence, 1937 — South Africa
• Olios chubbi Lessert, 1923 — South Africa
• Olios clarus Keyserling, 1880 — Mexico
• Olios claviger Pocock, 1901 — South Africa
• Olios coccineiventris Simon, 1880 — Moluccas, New Guinea
• Olios coenobitus Fage, 1926 — Madagascar
• Olios correvoni Lessert, 1921 — East Africa
• Olios correvoni choupangensis Lessert, 1936 — Mozambique
• Olios correvoni nigrifrons Lawrence, 1928 — Southern Africa
• Olios crassus Banks, 1909 — Costa Rica
• Olios croseiceps Pocock, 1898 — Malawi
• Olios darlingi Pocock, 1901 — South Africa
• Olios debalae (Biswas & Roy, 2005) - India
• Olios debilipes Mello-Leitão, 1945 — Argentina
• Olios denticulus Jäger, 2020 — Indonesia (Java)
• Olios diao Jäger, 2012 — Laos, Cambodia
• Olios digitatus Sun, Li & Zhang, 2011 — China
• Olios discolorichelis Caporiacco, 1947 — Guyana
• Olios durlaviae Biswas & Raychaudhuri, 2005 — Bangladesh
• Olios erraticus Fage, 1926 — Madagascar
• Olios erroneus O. P.-Cambridge, 1890 — Guatemala to Venezuela
• Olios extensus Berland, 1924 — New Caledonia
• Olios faesi Lessert, 1933 — Angola
• Olios fasciculatus Simon, 1880 — USA, Mexico
• Olios fasciiventris Simon, 1880 — Zanzibar
• Olios feldmanni Strand, 1915 — Cameroon
• Olios ferox Thorell, 1892 — Indonesia or Australia
• Olios fimbriatus Chrysanthus, 1965 — New Guinea
• Olios flavens Nicolet, 1849 — Chile
• Olios floweri Lessert, 1921 — Ethiopia, East Africa
• Olios fonticola Pocock, 1902 — South Africa
• Olios francoisi Simon, 1898 — Loyalty Islands
• Olios freyi Lessert, 1929 — Congo
• Olios fulvithorax Berland, 1924 — New Caledonia
• Olios galapagoensis Banks, 1902 — Galapagos Islands
• Olios gambiensis Jäger, 2020 — Gambia
• Olios gaujoni (Simon, 1897) - Ecuador
• Olios gentilis Karsch, 1879 — West Africa
• Olios giganteus Keyserling, 1884 — USA, Mexico
• Olios gravelyi Sethi & Tikader, 1988 — India
• Olios hampsoni Pocock, 1901 — India
• Olios hirtus Karsch, 1879 — Sri Lanka
• Olios hoplites Caporiacco, 1941 — Ethiopia
• Olios humboldtianus Berland, 1924 — New Caledonia
• Olios igraya (Barrion & Litsinger, 1995) - Philippines (Luzon)
• Olios inaequipes Simon, 1890 — Sunda Islands
• Olios insignifer Chrysanthus, 1965 — New Guinea
• Olios insulanus Thorell, 1881 — Kei Islands
• Olios jaenicke Jäger, 2012 — Laos
• Olios jaldaparaensis Saha & Raychaudhuri, 2007 — India
• Olios japonicus Jäger & Ono, 2000 — Ryukyu Islands
• Olios kassenjicola Strand, 1916 — Central Africa
• Olios kolosvaryi (Caporiacco, 1947) - Ethiopia
• Olios kruegeri Simon, 1897 — South Africa
• Olios kunzi Jäger, 2020 — Namibia, South Africa
• Olios lacticolor Lawrence, 1952 — South Africa
• Olios lamarcki Latreille, 1806 — Madagascar to Sri Lanka, India
• Olios lepidus Vellard, 1924 — Brazil
• Olios longipedatus Roewer, 1951 — Brazil
• Olios longipes (Simon, 1884) — Sudan
• Olios lucieni Jäger, 2020 — Ethiopia, Kenya
• Olios lutescens Thorell, 1894 — Pakistan, Myanmar, Sumatra, Java
• Olios machadoi Lawrence, 1952 — South Africa
• Olios macroepigynus Soares, 1944 — Brazil
• Olios maculatus Blackwall, 1862 — Brazil, West Indies
• Olios mahabangkawitus Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 — Philippines
• Olios marshalli Pocock, 1898 — South Africa
• Olios menghaiensis Wang & Zhang, 1990 — China
• Olios milleti Pocock, 1901 — India, Sri Lanka
• Olios minensis Mello-Leitão, 1917 — Brazil
• Olios monticola Berland, 1924 — New Caledonia
• Olios mordax O. P.-Cambridge, 1899 — Madagascar
• Olios muang Jäger & Praxaysombath, 2009 — Laos
• Olios mutabilis Mello-Leitão, 1917 — Brazil
• Olios mygalinus Doleschall, 1857 — Moluccas, New Guinea
• Olios mygalinus cinctipes Merian, 1911 — Sulawesi
• Olios mygalinus nigripalpis Merian, 1911 — Sulawesi
• Olios nanningensis Hu & Ru, 1988 — China
• Olios nentwigi Jäger, 2020 — Indonesia (Krakatau Is.)
• Olios neocaledonicus Berland, 1924 — New Caledonia
• Olios nigrifrons Simon, 1897 — Java
• Olios nigriventris Taczanowski, 1872 — French Guiana
• Olios oberzelleri Kritscher, 1966 — New Caledonia
• Olios obesulus Pocock, 1901 — India
• Olios obscurus Keyserling, 1880 — Mexico, Costa Rica, Panama
• Olios obtusus F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1900 — Guatemala
• Olios oubatchensis Berland, 1924 — New Caledonia
• Olios paraensis Keyserling, 1880 — Brazil
• Olios pellucidus Keyserling, 1880 — Peru
• Olios perezi Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 — Philippines
• Olios peruvianus Roewer, 1951 — Peru
• Olios pictus (Simon, 1885) - Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Israel, Saudi Arabia
• Olios plumipes Mello-Leitão, 1937 — Brazil
• Olios princeps Hogg, 1914 — New Guinea
• Olios pulchripes Thorell, 1899 — Cameroon
• Olios punctipes Simon, 1884 — India to Sumatra
• Olios punctipes sordidatus Thorell, 1895 — Myanmar
• Olios punjabensis Dyal, 1935 — Pakistan
• Olios pusillus Simon, 1880 — Madagascar
• Olios pyrozonis Pocock, 1901 — India
• Olios quinquelineatus Taczanowski, 1872 — French Guiana
• Olios roeweri Caporiacco, 1955 — Guyana
• Olios rosettii Leardi, 1901 — India
• Olios rotundiceps Pocock, 1901 — India
• Olios rubripes Taczanowski, 1872 — French Guiana
• Olios rubriventris Thorell, 1881 — Moluccas, New Guinea
• Olios ruwenzoricus Strand, 1913 — Central Africa
• Olios scalptor Jäger & Ono, 2001 — Taiwan
• Olios senilis Simon, 1880 — India, Sri Lanka
• Olios sericeus Kroneberg, 1875 — Georgia, Central Asia
• Olios sherwoodi Lessert, 1929 — Congo
• Olios similis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1890) - Guatemala
• Olios simoni O. P.-Cambridge, 1890 — Guatemala
• Olios sjostedti Lessert, 1921 — East Africa
• Olios skwarrae Roewer, 1933 — Mexico
• Olios somalicus Caporiacco, 1940 — Somalia
• Olios spinipalpis Pocock, 1901 — South Africa
• Olios stictopus Pocock, 1898 — South Africa
• Olios stimulator Simon, 1897 — India
• Olios strandi Kolosváry, 1934 — New Guinea
• Olios suavis O. P.-Cambridge, 1876 — Israel, Egypt
• Olios subadultus Mello-Leitão, 1930 — Brazil
• Olios sulphuratus Thorell, 1899 — Cameroon
• Olios sungaya (Barrion & Litsinger, 1995) - Philippines (Mindanao)
• Olios suung Jäger, 2012 — Laos
• Olios sylvaticus Blackwall, 1862 — Brazil
• Olios tamerlani Roewer, 1951 — New Guinea
• Olios taprobanicus Strand, 1913 - Sri Lanka
• Olios tarandus Simon, 1897 — India
• Olios tener Thorell, 1891 — Pakistan, India, Myanmar
• Olios tiantongensis Zhang & Kim, 1996 — China
• Olios tigrinus Keyserling, 1880 — Peru
• Olios tikaderi Kundu, Biswas & Raychaudhuri, 1999 — India
• Olios triarmatus Lessert, 1936 — Mozambique
• Olios trifurcatus Pocock, 1899 — Cameroon
• Olios ventrosus Nicolet, 1849 — Chile
• Olios vitiosus Vellard, 1924 — Brazil
• Olios wroughtoni Simon, 1897 — India
• Olios yucatanus Chamberlin, 1925 — Mexico
• Olios zulu Simon, 1880 — South Africa

References

1. Jäger, Peter (2020). "The spider genus Olios Walckenaer, 1837 (Araneae: Sparassidae) – Part 1: species groups, diagnoses, identification keys, distribution maps and revision of the argelasius-, coenobitus- and auricomis-groups". Zootaxa. 4866 (1): 1–119. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4866.1.1. PMID   33311200. S2CID   226330426.
2. Platnick, Norman I. (7 July 2021). "Fam. Sparassidae". The World Spider Catalog, Version 22.0. New York, NY, USA: American Museum of Natural History. doi:10.5531/db.iz.0001 . Retrieved 9 July 2021.