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The Oxford Parliament, also known as the Mongrel Parliament, was the Parliament assembled by Charles I of England for the first time on 22 January 1644 and adjourned for the last time on 10 March 1645, with the purpose of being an instrument of the Royalist war campaign.
Charles was advised by Edward Hyde and others not to dissolve the Long Parliament as this would violate the statute of 1641 which said that Parliament could not be dissolved without its own consent. So all members of the Long Parliament were summoned by King Charles to assemble for a session of Parliament to be held at Christ Church Hall, Oxford. Eighty-two peers, which was most of the House of Lords, and 175 commoners, which was about one-third of the House of Commons, heeded the summons and came. Sir Sampson Eure was elected as Speaker of the House of Commons. [1]
The Parliament met a number of times during the First English Civil War and was seen by Charles as a way of raising revenue. However, some of the members defected back to Westminster because they did not like his alliance with Irish Catholics, and others argued strongly for a negotiated peace with the Long Parliament in Westminster Hall.
The first session lasted from 22 January 1644 until 16 April 1644. The second session was from 8 October 1644 until 10 March 1645.
Not much is known of its proceedings because all its records were burnt just before Oxford fell to Parliamentary forces [2] in 1646.
James Livingston, 1st Earl of Newburgh was a Scottish peer who sat in the House of Commons of England from 1661 to 1670. He supported the Royalist cause in the English Civil War.
Sir Robert Long, 1st Baronet of Westminster was an English courtier and administrator who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1626 and 1673.
Sir John Borlase, 1st Baronet of Bockmer, Medmenham, Buckinghamshire was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1640 and 1644. He supported the Royalist cause in the English Civil War.
Sir Thomas Aston, 1st Baronet was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1640. He fought for the Royalist cause in the English Civil War. The portrait he commissioned from John Souch of his first wife Lady Magdalene Aston on her deathbed is in Manchester Art Gallery. He is known as an apologist for the Church of England.
Ambrose Manaton was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons of England in 1624 and 1640. He supported the Royalist side in the English Civil War.
Sir John Acland, 1st Baronet of Acland in the parish of Landkey and of Columb John in Devon, England, was a Royalist commander in the Civil War, during the early part of which he maintained a garrison for the king on his estate of Columb John. He was created a baronet in 1644 for his support, but the letters patent were lost or never finalised and the dignity was not confirmed until 1677/8, long after his death. He compounded with Parliament for his estate in 1646 and died the following year.
Sir Thomas Glemham was an English soldier, landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1621 and 1625. He was a commander in the Royalist army during the English Civil War.
Sir John Glanville the younger, was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1614 and 1644. He was Speaker of the English House of Commons during the Short Parliament. He supported the Royalist cause in the English Civil War.
Sir Francis Wortley, 1st Baronet (1591–1652) was an English poet and politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1624 and 1626. He supported the Royalist cause in the English Civil War.
Sir Samuel Sandys was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1640 and 1685. He fought for the Royalists in the English Civil War.
Edward Bagshaw the elder was an English writer and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1640 to 1644. He supported the Royalist cause in the English Civil War.
Sir Henry Berkeley (1579–1667) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons variously between 1626 and 1640. He supported the Royalist side in the English Civil War
Ralph Goodwin was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons variously between 1624 and 1644. He supported the Royalist cause in the English Civil War.
William Chadwell was an English lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1640 and 1644. He supported the Royalist cause in the English Civil War.
Sir Sampson Eure was an English lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1621 and 1643. He supported the Royalist cause in the English Civil War.
William Herbert (1621–1646) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1640 to 1644. He supported the Royalist cause in the English Civil War
Sir Thomas Colepeper was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1614 and 1629. He supported the Royalist cause in the English Civil War. He is known also as a writer on usury.
Sir Ralph Clare (1589–1670) was an English courtier and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1614 and 1628.
Sir John Oglander was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1625 to 1629. He is now remembered as a diarist.
Sir Edward Bishopp, 2nd Baronet was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1626 and in 1640. He supported the Royalist cause in the English Civil War.
Before the surrender of Oxford the papers of the Privy Council and the Oxford Parliament were burnt, both groups of archives of importance for the history of the Royalist finances.