Patty

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Patty
Hamburger patty.jpg
A ground beef hamburger patty
Alternative namesBurger
Type Main dish, Sandwich
Serving temperatureHot
Main ingredients Ground meat, meat alternatives, vegetables, grains, and/or legumes

A patty or burger (in British English) is a flattened, usually round, serving of ground meat or legumes, grains, vegetables, or meat alternatives. Patties are found in multiple cuisines throughout the world.

Contents

In British English, minced meat that is formed into a disc is called a burger, whether it is in a bread roll or not. The word "patty" is usually used in American English but almost unknown in British English.

The ingredients are compacted and shaped, usually cooked, and served in various ways.

Etymology

The term originated in the 17th century as an English alteration of the French word pâté, originally meaning a pastry with a meat filling, and later the filling itself. [1]

Terminology

The term "patty" is used in many varieties of English, but less frequently in Britain and Ireland than in the United States. [2] Merriam-Webster defines it as "a small flat cake of chopped food", [3] Cambridge as "pieces of food, especially meat, formed into a thin, circular shape and then usually cooked". [4] In some countries, patties may be called "discs." [5]

Similar-shaped cakes not made from ground beef may also be called "burgers": "fish burgers" may be made from reshaped mechanically separated meat. [6] Patties made from chicken meat may be called chicken patties.[ citation needed ]

Veggie burger patties are made without meat and instead use legumes, grains, other mixed vegetables, and/or soy products such as tofu or tempeh or seitan, a product made of wheat gluten, often mixed with a binding agent. [7] [8] [9]

Variations and serving styles

Croquettes

Korokke Takaoka Korokke made by Tengu no Niku.jpg
Korokke

Patties can be breaded and deep-fried, producing croquettes such as crab cakes. [10] In Ireland, traditional chippers often serve batter burgers (a beef-based patty dipped in batter and deep fried). A batter burger served as a sandwich is called a wurly burger, and is believed to have been invented by the Mona Lisa chipper in Crumlin, Dublin. [11] In Japan the Korokke is an example. [12] Rissoles are meat (typically beef), or fish and other ingredients, coated in breadcrumbs or less frequently battered, and deep-fried; they are found in various European cuisines. [13]

Cutlets

Salisbury steak Salisbury steak (Filete ruso).jpg
Salisbury steak

Patties can be treated as a cutlet and eaten with a knife and fork in dishes like Salisbury steak, the German Hamburg steak, or the Serbo-Croatian pljeskavica, or with chopsticks in dishes such as Songjeong tteok-galbi. [14] [15] Other examples include the Russian Pozharsky cutlet. [16] [17]

Fritters

Aloo tikki is a potato patty that originated in the Indian subcontinent. [18] A related dish is ragda pattice, which covers the potato patty in a gravy. [19]

An arepa is a dish of maize and other ingredients shaped into a patty and griddled; it has been eaten in parts of Central and South American since pre-Columbian times. [20]

Quenelles

Gefilte fish Gefilte fish topped with slices of carrot.jpg
Gefilte fish

Gefilte fish is often served as a quenelle, a patty shaped into a flattened egg. [21]

Sandwich fillings

Rice burger Teriyaki rice hamburger of McDonald's Japan.jpg
Rice burger

Patties are often served as sandwiches, typically in buns, making a type of sandwich called a "burger", or a hamburger if the patty is made from ground beef, or sometimes between slices of bread.[ citation needed ] An American patty melt is a ground beef patty topped with melted cheese (typically Swiss) served on toasted bread, typically rye. [22]

In Ireland, traditional chippers often serve sandwiches called spice burgers. [23] The spice burger is made to a specific recipe developed in the early 1950s by pork butcher Maurice Walsh, and later manufactured and sold by Walsh Family Foods Limited [24] and then Keystone Foods. [25]

In Japan and Korea, a ground beef patty is sometimes served as a sandwich on a "bun" made of compressed rice; the sandwich is called a rice burger. [26]

Tartares

Steak tartare Steak tartare 000.jpg
Steak tartare

Some patties, like steak tartare and Middle Eastern kibbeh nayeh, are served raw. [27] [28]

Commercial production

Two pre-formed hamburger patties Pre-formed hamburger.JPG
Two pre-formed hamburger patties

Commercially produced patties are machine-formed. [9]

With mass-produced patties, it is not uncommon to find them with seemingly abnormal shapes or a bumpy perimeter. These groove-like bumps are caused by the machine that forms the patties. They are used in production to keep the patties in line, so they will not fall off the assembly line, and can be manipulated by the various machines. In other boxed patties, small punctures can be seen in the top and bottom sides of the patty. These punctures are there for similar reasons.[ citation needed ]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hamburger</span> Food consisting of a beef patty between rounded buns

A hamburger, or better known as a burger, is a food consisting of fillings—usually a patty of ground meat, typically beef—placed inside a sliced bun or bread roll. Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, onion, pickles, bacon, or chilis; condiments such as ketchup, mustard, mayonnaise, relish, or a "special sauce", often a variation of Thousand Island dressing; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns. A hamburger patty topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Schnitzel</span> Breaded, fried flat piece of meat

A schnitzel is a thin slice of meat. The meat is usually thinned by pounding with a meat tenderizer. Most commonly, the meat is breaded before frying. Breaded schnitzel is popular in many countries and is made using veal, pork, chicken, mutton, beef, or turkey. Schnitzel originates in Austria as wiener schnitzel and is very similar to dishes such as escalope in France and Spain, panado in Portugal, tonkatsu in Japan, cotoletta in Italy, kotlet schabowy in Poland, řízek in Czech Republic, milanesa in Latin America, chuleta valluna in Colombia, chicken chop in Malaysia, and chicken-fried steak and pork tenderloin of the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Frikadelle</span> Flat, pan-fried meatballs

A frikadelle is a rounded, flat-bottomed, pan-fried meatball of minced meat, often likened to the German version of meatballs. The origin of the dish is unknown. The term frikadelle is German but the dish is associated with German, Nordic and Polish cuisines. They are one of the most popular meals in Poland, where they are known as kotlety mielone.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Korokke</span> Japanese croquette

Korokke is a Japanese deep-fried yōshoku dish originally related to a French dish, the croquette. Korokke is made by mixing cooked chopped meat, seafood, or vegetables with mashed potato or white sauce, usually shaped like a flat patty, rolling it in wheat flour, eggs, and Japanese-style breadcrumbs, then deep-frying this until brown on the outside.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Salisbury steak</span> American beef dish

Salisbury steak is a dish originating in the United States and made from a blend of ground beef and other ingredients, being considered a version of Hamburg steak. Today, Salisbury steak is usually served with a gravy similar in texture to brown sauce, along with various side dishes, such as mashed potatoes and cooked vegetables. It is a common menu item served by diners and is frequently available as a TV dinner in supermarket frozen food sections.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rissole</span> European dish of meat covered in pastry

A rissole is a small patty enclosed in pastry or rolled in breadcrumbs, usually baked or deep fried. The filling has savory ingredients, most often minced meat, fish or cheese, and is served as an entrée, main course, or side dish.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Slinger (dish)</span> American late-night dish

A slinger is an American Midwest diner specialty typically consisting of two eggs, hash browns, and a ground beef patty, all covered in chili con carne and generously topped with cheese and onions. The eggs can be any style. Hot sauce is usually served on the side. The slinger is considered to be a St. Louis late-night culinary original. It is described as "a hometown culinary invention: a mishmash of meat, hash-fried potatoes, eggs, and chili, sided with your choice of ham, sausage, bacon, hamburger patties, or an entire T-bone steak.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fish and chip shop</span> Restaurant that sells fish and chips

A fish and chip shop, sometimes referred to as a chip shop or chippy, is a restaurant that specialises in selling fish and chips. Usually, fish and chip shops provide takeaway service, although some have seating facilities. Fish and chip shops may also sell other foods, including variations on their core offering such as battered sausage and burgers, to regional cuisine such as Greek or Indian food.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hamburg steak</span> German patty of ground beef

Hamburg steak is a patty of ground beef. Made popular worldwide by migrating Germans, it became a mainstream dish around the start of the 19th century. It is related to Salisbury steaks, which also use ground beef. It is considered the origin of the ubiquitous hamburger, when, in the early 20th century, vendors began selling the Hamburg steak as a sandwich between bread.

McDonald's Corporation is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries. McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California. After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, British Columbia, Canada. By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Casablanca, Morocco.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Croquette</span> Small breaded, deep-fried food

A croquette is a deep-fried roll originating in French cuisine, consisting of a thick binder combined with a filling, which is then breaded. It is served as a side dish, a snack, or fast food worldwide.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Texan cuisine</span> Food and drinks from Texas

Texan cuisine is the food associated with the Southern U.S. state of Texas, including its native Southwestern cuisine influenced Tex-Mex foods. Texas is a large state, and its cuisine has been influenced by a wide range of cultures, including Tejano/Mexican, Native American, Creole/Cajun, African-American, German, Czech, Southern and other European American groups.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Steak</span> Flat cut of meat

A steak is a thick cut of meat generally sliced across the muscle fibers, sometimes including a bone. It is normally grilled or fried. Steak can be diced, cooked in sauce, such as in steak and kidney pie, or minced and formed into patties, such as hamburgers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Breaded cutlet</span> Meat in breading or batter

Breaded cutlet or braised cutlet is a dish made from coating a cutlet of meat with breading or batter and either frying or baking it.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indo cuisine</span> Fusion of Indonesian and European cuisine

Indo cuisine is a fusion cooking and cuisine tradition, mainly existing in Indonesia and the Netherlands, as well as Belgium, South Africa and Suriname. This cuisine characterized of fusion cuisine that consists of original Indonesian cuisine with Eurasian-influences—mainly Dutch, also Portuguese, Spanish, French and British—and vice versa. Nowaday, not only Indo people consume Indo cuisine, but also Indonesians and Dutch people.

References

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  6. Costa, Denise Pinheiro Soncini da; Gonçalves, Tania Maria Vinturin; Conti-Silva, Ana Carolina (28 November 2019). "Potentiality of Using Mechanically Separated Meats of Nile Tilapia in Fishburgers: Chemical, Physical and Sensory Characterization". Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology. 62. doi:10.1590/1678-4324-2019180436. hdl: 11449/200142 . S2CID   213932907 . Retrieved 25 September 2020.
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