Kerala Legislative Assembly Keralam Niyamasabha | |
|---|---|
| 15th Kerala Assembly | |
| Structure | |
 | |
Political groups | Government (98)
Opposition (41) Vacant (1) |
Kerala's major political parties are aligned under two coalitions, namely the Left Democratic Front (LDF) and the United Democratic Front (UDF) since the late 1970s. Kerala was the first Indian state to have coalition government as early as 1961 . [3]
The Left Democratic Front (LDF), also known as Left Front (Kerala), is an alliance of left-wing political parties in the state of Kerala, India. It is the current ruling political alliance of Kerala, since 2016. [5] It is one of the two major political alliances in Kerala, the other being Indian National Congress-led United Democratic Front, each of which has been in power alternately for the last four decades. [6] LDF has won the elections to the State Legislature of Kerala in the years 1980, [7] 1987, [8] 1996, [9] 2006, [10] 2016 [11] and had a historic re-election in 2021 [12] where an incumbent government was re-elected for first time in 40 years. [13] LDF has won 6 out of 10 elections since the formation of the alliance in 1980. The alliance consists of CPI(M), CPI and various smaller parties. [14]
LDF has been in power in the State Legislature of Kerala under E. K. Nayanar (1980–1981, 1987–1991, 1996–2001), [15] V. S. Achuthanandan (2006–2011), [16] Pinarayi Vijayan (2016–current). [17] E. K. Nayanar served as the Chief Minister of Kerala for 11 years and later became the longest serving Chief Minister of Kerala. [18]
The alliance led by Pinarayi Vijayan returned to power in 2016 Assembly Election winning 91 out of 140 seats and further increasing its tally to 99 seats in the 2021 Assembly Election. Pinarayi Vijayan became the first Chief minister of Kerala to be re-elected after completing a full term (five years) in office after a historic election in 2021 where an incumbent government was re-elected for the first time in 40 years. [19]
The United Democratic Front (UDF) is the Indian National Congress-led alliance of centre to centre-right political parties in the Indian state of Kerala. [21] It is one of the two major political alliances in Kerala, the other being Communist Party of India (Marxist)-led Left Democratic Front, each of which has been in power alternately since 1980 E. K. Nayanar ministry. [22] Most of the United Democratic Front constituents are members of the Indian National Congress-led United Progressive Alliance at pan-India level.[ citation needed ]
United Democratic Front was created by the Indian National Congress (then known as Congress-Indira) party leader K. Karunakaran in 1979, as a successor to the existing Congress-led alliance. [23] The alliance first came to power in 1981 (K. Karunakaran ministry) and has won elections to the state legislature of Kerala in the years 1982 (Karunakaran ministry), [24] 1991 (Karunakaran and A. K. Antony ministries), [25] 2001 (Antony and Oommen Chandy ministries), [26] and 2011 (Oommen Chandy ministry). [27] The alliance currently acts as the opposition in the state legislature of Kerala (after the 2021 legislative assembly election). United Democratic Front leaders V. D. Satheesan and K. Sudhakaran currently serves as the Leader of the Opposition and Kerala Pradesh Congress Committee President respectively. [28]
The alliance currently consists of Indian National Congress, Indian Union Muslim League, Kerala Congress (Joseph), Kerala Congress (Jacob), Revolutionary Socialist Party and a variety of other smaller parties. The alliance follows big tent policy and includes a variety political parties.
| Political party | Abbr. | Flag | Electoral symbol | Political position | Founded | Founder | KL unit leader | Alliance | Seats | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lok Sabha | Rajya Sabha | Kerala Legislative Assembly | |||||||||||
| Communist Party of India (Marxist) | CPIM |  |  | Left-wing | 7 November 1964 | E. M. S. Namboodiripad | M. V. Govindan | LDF | 1 / 20 | 4 / 9 | 61 / 120 | ||
| Indian National Congress | INC |  |  | Centre to Centre-left | 28 December 1885 | Allan Octavian Hume | K. Sudhakaran | UDF | 14 / 20 | 1 / 9 | 20 / 140 | ||
| Bharatiya Janata Party | BJP |  |  | Right-wing | 6 April 1980 | Atal Bihari Vajpayee | K. Surendran | NDA | 1 / 20 | 0 / 9 | 0 / 140 | ||
| Aam Aadmi Party | AAP |  |  | Centre | 26 November 2012 | Arvind Kejriwal | P. C. Cyriac | N/A | 0 / 20 | 0 / 9 | 0 / 140 | ||
| Bahujan Samaj Party | BSP |  |  | Centre | 14 April 1984 | Kanshi Ram | Advocate Pralhadan | N/A | 0 / 20 | 0 / 9 | 0 / 140 | ||
Erambala Krishnan Nayanar was an Indian politician who served as the 9th chief minister of Kerala from 1980 to 1981, 1987 to 1991 and again from 1996 to 2001. He served in that position for a total of 10 years, 11 months and 22 days, thus making him the longest-served Chief Minister of Kerala. He was a senior leader of the Communist Party of India (Marxist).
The Left Democratic Front (LDF) is an alliance of left-wing political parties led by Communist Party of India (Marxist) in the Indian state of Kerala. It is the current ruling political alliance of Kerala, since 2016. It is one of the two major political alliances in Kerala, the other being Indian National Congress-led United Democratic Front, each of which has been in power alternately for the last four decades. LDF has won the elections to the State Legislature of Kerala in the years 1980, 1987, 1996, 2006, 2016 and had a historic re-election in 2021 where an incumbent government was re-elected for first time in 40 years. LDF has won 6 out of 10 elections since the formation of the alliance in 1980. The alliance consists of CPI(M), CPI and various smaller parties.
Palathinal Joseph Joseph is an Indian politician from Kerala Congress serving as the Member of the Legislative Assembly from Thodupuzha Assembly Constituency in Kerala.
The United Democratic Front (UDF) is the Indian National Congress-led alliance of centre to centre-right political parties in the Indian state of Kerala. It is one of the two major political alliances in Kerala, the other being Communist Party of India (Marxist)-led Left Democratic Front, each of which has been in power alternately since 1980 E. K. Nayanar ministry. Most of the United Democratic Front constituents are members of the Indian National Congress-led Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance at pan-India level.
Pinarayi Vijayan is an Indian politician who serves as the Chief Minister of Kerala since 25 May 2016. A member of the politburo of the Communist Party of India (Marxist), he is the longest-serving secretary of the Kerala State Committee of the CPI(M) (1998–2015). He has also served as Minister of Electric Power and Co-operatives during the third E. K. Nayanar ministry. Vijayan won a seat in the May 2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election and 2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election as the CPI(M) candidate for Dharmadom constituency and was selected as the leader of the Left Democratic Front (LDF) and became the 12th Chief Minister of Kerala. He is the first chief minister from Kerala to be re-elected after completing a full term in office. In 2022, he also became the longest-continuous serving chief minister of Kerala surpassing C. Achutha Menon who had been the first to remain in office for 2364 consecutive days.
Kerala is an Indian state, where federal legislative power is vested in the unicameral Kerala Legislative Assembly. The multilateral system has, since 1956, been dominated by the several pre-poll and post-poll alliances.
The 2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election was held on 16 May 2016 to elect 140 MLAs to the 14th Kerala Legislative Assembly.
First Pinarayi Vijayan ministry is the Council of Ministers headed by Pinarayi Vijayan that was formed after the Left Democratic Front (LDF) won the 2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly elections. The Council assumed office on 25 May 2016. The ministry had a total of 19 ministers in the Cabinet at the time of swearing-in compared to 21 ministers in the previous government. Pinarayi Vijayan sworn in as 22nd Chief Minister of Kerala, 12th person to hold this position. Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan on 3 May 2021 submitted the resignation of the Council of Ministers headed by him to Governor Arif Mohammed Khan after winning a historic victory in the 15th legislative assembly elections by winning 99 of the 140 seats in the Assembly.
The 1991 Kerala Legislative Assembly election was held on 18 June 1991 to elect members to the Niyamasabha. The incumbent LDF government, which was in power from 1987, decided to seek a fresh mandate one year ahead of the expiry of its term. The decision was prompted by the announcement of the elections to the Lok Sabha and the Front's good showing in the elections to the local bodies held in the previous year.
Elections were held on 1980 January 3 and 5 to elect members to the sixth Niyamasabha. This election saw the formation of two pre-poll alliances, viz. LDF and UDF, most of whose constituent parties were part of the erstwhile United Front. CPI(M)-led LDF to win the election, after winning 93 seats altogether. E. K. Nayanar was sworn in as the Chief Minister on 26 March 1980
The 2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election was held in Kerala on 6 April 2021 to elect 140 members to the 15th Kerala Legislative Assembly. The results were declared on 2 May.
The 1999 Indian general election was held to elect 20 members to the thirteenth Lok Sabha from Kerala. Indian National Congress-led United Democratic Front (UDF) won 11 seats, while the Left Democratic Front (LDF), led by Communist Party of India (Marxist) won the remaining 9 seats. Both coalitions won the same number of seats as in the previous election, held in the previous year. Turnout for the election was measured at 70.19% of the eligible population.
The 1998 Indian general election were held to elect 20 members to the twelfth Lok Sabha from Kerala. Indian National Congress (INC)-led United Democratic Front (UDF) won 11 seats, while the Left Democratic Front (LDF), led by Communist Party of India (Marxist) won the remaining 9 seats. The earlier election in 1996 saw both alliances win equal share of seats. Turnout for the election was at 70.66%
The 1996 Indian general election were held to elect 20 members to the eleventh Lok Sabha from Kerala. Both Indian National Congress (INC)-led United Democratic Front (UDF) and Left Democratic Front (LDF), led by Communist Party of India (Marxist) won 10 seats each. Turnout for the election was at 70.66%
The 1991 Indian general election were held to elect 20 members to the tenth Lok Sabha from Kerala. Indian National Congress (INC)-led United Democratic Front (UDF) won 16 seats while Left Democratic Front (LDF), led by Communist Party of India (Marxist) won the remaining 4 seats. Turnout for the election was at 70.66% In the Lok Sabha, INC formed a minority government under the premiership of P. V. Narasimha Rao.
The 1989 Indian general election were held to elect 20 members to the ninth Lok Sabha from Kerala. Indian National Congress (INC)-led United Democratic Front (UDF) won 17 seats while Left Democratic Front (LDF), led by Communist Party of India (Marxist) won the remaining 3 seats. Turnout for the election was at 79.30% In the Lok Sabha, INC won plurality of seats, however Janata Dal (JD), led by V. P. Singh formed the government, albeit a short-lived one, with support from BJP and CPI(M).
The 1984 Indian general election were held to elect 20 members to the eighth Lok Sabha from Kerala. Indian National Congress (INC)-led United Democratic Front (UDF) won 18 seats while Left Democratic Front (LDF), led by Communist Party of India (Marxist) won just 2 seats. Turnout for the election was at 77.12% In the Lok Sabha, INC won by a landslide and its leader Rajiv Gandhi went on to become the Prime Minister of India.
Elections to local bodies in Kerala were held in December 2020. Polling took place over 3 days; on 8, 10 and 14 December, with the votes counted and results announced on 16 December.
The Communist Party of India (Marxist), Kerala or CPI(M) Kerala is the Kerala state wing of CPIM. It is responsible for organizing and coordinating the party's activities and campaigns within the state, as well as selecting candidates for local, state, and national elections. Currently, it is the governing party in the Kerala Legislative Assembly and has significant representation of the state in Rajya Sabha. The CPIM currently leads the LDF alliance.
The 1980 Parliamentary Election was a mid-term election held following the collapse of the Janata Party led governments led by Prime Ministers Morarji Desai and Charan Singh. It was also the first election that the Indian National Congress fought from the opposition. The party had suffered a split, with the faction led by former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi asserting its electoral popularity by winning 353 seats and forming a majority government of its own..
{{cite web}}: Check |archive-url= value (help)The BJP's primary rival, the centrist Indian National Congress (Congress), won only 52 seats.