The Standard Works of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church, the largest in the Latter Day Saint movement) are the four books that currently constitute its open scriptural canon. The four books of the standard works are:
The Standard Works are printed and distributed by the LDS Church both in a single binding called a quadruple combination and as a set of two books, with the Bible in one binding, and the other three books in a second binding called a triple combination. Current editions of the Standard Works include a number of non-canonical study aids, including a Bible dictionary, photographs, maps and gazetteer, topical guide, index, footnotes, cross references, and excerpts from the Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible.
The scriptural canon is "open" due to the Latter-day Saint belief in continuous revelation. Additions can be made to the scriptural canon with the "common consent" of the church's membership. [5] Other branches of the Latter Day Saint movement reject some of the Standard Works or add other scriptures, such as the Book of the Law of the Lord and The Word of the Lord Brought to Mankind by an Angel.
Canons of various Latter Day Saint denominations reject some of the Standard Works canonized by the LDS Church or have included additional works. For instance, the Bickertonite sect does not consider the Pearl of Great Price or D&C to be scriptural. Rather, they believe that the New Testament scriptures contain a true description of the church as established by Jesus Christ, and that both the King James Version of the Bible and the Book of Mormon are the inspired word of God. [6] Some Latter Day Saint denominations accept earlier versions of the Standard Works or work to develop corrected translations. Others have purportedly received additional revelations.
The Community of Christ points to Jesus Christ as the living Word of God, [7] and it affirms the Bible, along with the Book of Mormon, as well as its own regularly appended version of D&C as scripture for the church. While it publishes a version of the Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible—which includes material from the Book of Moses—Community of Christ also accepts the use of other English translations of the Bible, such as the standard King James Version and the New Revised Standard Version.
Like the Bickertonites, the Church of Christ (Temple Lot) rejects the D&C and the Pearl of Great Price, as well as the Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible, preferring to use only the King James Bible and the Book of Mormon as doctrinal standards. The Book of Commandments is accepted as being superior to the D&Cs as a compendium of Smith's early revelations but is not accorded the same status as the Bible or the Book of Mormon.
The Word of the Lord and The Word of the Lord Brought to Mankind by an Angel are two related books considered to be scriptural by Fettingite factions that separated from the Temple Lot church. Both books contain revelations said to be given to former Church of Christ (Temple Lot) apostle Otto Fetting by an angelic being who said he was John the Baptist. The latter title (120 messages) contains the entirety of the former's material (30 message) with additional revelations (90 messages) said to be given to William A. Draves by this same being, after Fetting's death. Neither are accepted by the larger Temple Lot body of believers. [8]
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Strangite) considers the Bible (when correctly translated), the Book of Mormon, and editions of the D&C published prior to Joseph Smith's death (which contained the Lectures on Faith) to be inspired scripture. They also hold the Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible to be inspired, but do not believe modern publications of the text are accurate. Other portions of the Pearl of Great Price, however, are not considered to be scriptural—though are not necessarily fully rejected either. The Book of Jasher was consistently used by both Joseph Smith and James Strang, but as with other Latter Day Saint denominations and sects, there is no official stance on its authenticity, and it is not considered canonical. [9] This sect likewise holds as scriptural several prophecies, visions, revelations, and translations printed by James Strang, and published in the Revelations of James J. Strang. [10]
An additional work, called The Book of the Law of the Lord, is also accepted as inspired scripture by the Strangites. They likewise hold as scriptural several prophecies, visions, revelations, and translations printed by James Strang, and published in the Revelations of James J. Strang. Among other things, this text contains his purported "Letter of Appointment" from Joseph Smith and his translation of the Voree plates.
The Church of Jesus Christ (Cutlerite) accepts the following as scripture: the Inspired Version of the Bible (including the Book of Moses and Joseph Smith–Matthew), the Book of Mormon, and the 1844 edition of the D&C (including the Lectures on Faith). However, the revelation on tithing (section 107 in the 1844 edition; 119 in modern LDS Church editions) is emphatically rejected by members of this church, as it is not believed to be given by Joseph Smith. The Book of Abraham is rejected as scripture, as are the other portions of the Pearl of Great Price that do not appear in the Inspired Version of the Bible.
Many Latter Day Saint denominations have also either adopted the Articles of Faith or at least view them as a statement of basic theology. (They are considered scriptural by the LDS Church and are included in the Pearl of Great Price.) At times, the Articles of Faith have been adapted to fit the respective belief systems of various faith communities.
The D&C teaches that "all things must be done in order, and by common consent in the church". [11] This applies to adding new scripture. LDS Church president Harold B. Lee taught "The only one authorized to bring forth any new doctrine is the President of the Church, who, when he does, will declare it as revelation from God, and it will be so accepted by the Council of the Twelve and sustained by the body of the Church." [12] There are several instances of this happening in the LDS Church:
When a doctrine undergoes this procedure, the LDS Church treats it as the word of God, and it is used as a standard to compare other doctrines. Lee taught:
It is not to be thought that every word spoken by the General Authorities is inspired, or that they are moved upon by the Holy Ghost in everything they speak and write. Now you keep that in mind. I don't care what his position is, if he writes something or speaks something that goes beyond anything that you can find in the standard works, unless that one be the prophet, seer, and revelator—please note that one exception—you may immediately say, "Well, that is his own idea!" And if he says something that contradicts what is found in the standard works (I think that is why we call them "standard"—it is the standard measure of all that men teach), you may know by that same token that it is false; regardless of the position of the man who says it. [20]
English-speaking Latter-day Saints typically study a custom edition of the KJV, which includes custom chapter headings, footnotes referencing books in the Standard Works, and select passages from the Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible. [21]
Though the KJV was always commonly used, it was officially adopted in the 1950s when J. Reuben Clark, of the church's First Presidency, argued extensively that newer translations, such as Revised Standard Version (RSV) of 1952, were of lower quality and less compatible with LDS Church tradition. [22] After publishing its own KJV edition in 1979, the First Presidency announced in 1992 that the KJV was the church's official English Bible, stating: "[w]hile other Bible versions may be easier to read than the King James Version, in doctrinal matters latter-day revelation supports the King James Version in preference to other English translations." [23] In 2010, this statement was written into the church's Handbook , which directs official church policy and programs. [22] [24]
A Spanish version, with a similar format and using a slightly revised version of the 1909 Reina-Valera translation, was published in 2009. [25] Latter-day Saints in other non-English speaking areas may use other versions of the Bible.
Though the Bible is part of the LDS Church's canon and members believe it to be the word of God, they believe that errors, omissions, and mistranslations are present in even the earliest known Biblical manuscripts. They state that the errors in the Bible have led to incorrect interpretations of certain passages. Thus, as Joseph Smith explained, the church believes the Bible to be the word of God "as far as it is translated correctly". [26] The LDS Church teaches that "[t]he most reliable way to measure the accuracy of any biblical passage is not by comparing different texts, but by comparison with the Book of Mormon and modern-day revelations". [23]
The manuscripts of the Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible state that "the Songs of Solomon are not inspired scripture," [27] and therefore it is not included in the LDS Church's canon and is rarely studied by its members. However, it is still printed in every version of the KJV published by the church.
Although the Apocrypha was part of the 1611 edition of the KJV, the LDS Church does not currently use the Apocrypha as part of its canon. Joseph Smith taught that while the contemporary edition of the Apocrypha was not to be relied on for doctrine, it was potentially useful when read with a spirit of discernment. [28]
Joseph Smith translated selected verses of the Bible, working by subject. His complete work is known as the Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible, or the Inspired Version. Although this selected translation is not generally quoted by church members, the English Bible issued by the church and commonly used by Latter-day Saints contains cross-references to the Joseph Smith Translation (JST), as well as an appendix containing longer excerpts from it. Excerpts that were too long to include in the Bible appendix are included in the Pearl of Great Price as the Book of Moses (for Genesis 1:1-6:13) and Joseph Smith-Matthew (for Matthew 23:39-24:51 and Mark 13).
LDS Church members, and others in the Latter Day Saint movement, consider the Book of Mormon a volume of holy scripture comparable to the Bible. It contains a record of God's dealings with the prophets and ancient inhabitants of the Americas. The introduction to the book asserts that it "contains, as does the Bible, the fullness of the everlasting gospel. The book was written by many ancient prophets by the spirit of prophecy and revelation. Their words, written on gold plates, were quoted and abridged by a prophet-historian named Mormon."
Segments of the Book of Mormon provide an account of the culture, religious teachings, and civilizations of some of the groups who immigrated to the New World. One came from Jerusalem in 600 B.C., and afterward separated into two nations, identified in the book as the Nephites and the Lamanites. Some years after their arrival, the Nephites met with a similar group, the Mulekites who left the Middle East during the same period. An older group arrived in America much earlier, when the Lord confounded the tongues at the Tower of Babel. This group is known as the Jaredites and their story is condensed in the Book of Ether. The crowning event recorded in the Book of Mormon is the personal ministry of Jesus Christ among Nephites soon after his resurrection. This account presents the doctrines of the gospel, outlines the plan of salvation, and offers men peace in this life and eternal salvation in the life to come. The latter segments of the Book of Mormon detail the destruction of these civilizations, as all were destroyed except the Lamanites. The book asserts that the Lamanites are among the ancestors of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas.
According to his record, Joseph Smith translated the Book of Mormon by gift and power of God through a set of interpreters, later referred to as the Urim and Thummim. Eleven witnesses signed testimonies of its authenticity, which are now included in the preface to the Book of Mormon. The Three Witnesses testified to have seen an angel present the golden plates and to have heard God bear witness to its truth. Eight others stated that Joseph Smith showed them the golden plates and that they handled and examined them.
The LDS Church's D&C is a collection of revelations, policies, letters, and statements given to the modern church by past church presidents. This record contains points of church doctrine and direction on church government. The book has existed in numerous forms, with varying content, throughout the history of the church and has also been published in differing formats by the various Latter Day Saint denominations. When the church chooses to canonize new material, it is typically added to the D&C; the most recent changes were made in 1981.
The Pearl of Great Price is a selection of material produced by Joseph Smith and deals with many significant aspects of the faith and doctrine of the church. Many of these materials were initially published in church periodicals in the early days of the church.
The Pearl of Great Price contains five sections:
All denominations in the Latter Day Saint movement listed below use the same canon of the Book of Mormon. Other uses and content vary among their respective canons.
Books | The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) | Community of Christ (RLDS) | Church of Jesus Christ (Bickertonite) | Church of Christ (Temple Lot) | Church of Christ (Fettingite) | Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Strangite) | Church of Jesus Christ (Cutlerite) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Doctrine and Covenants | |||||||
Book of Commandments | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
Moroni's visit to Joseph Smith | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Conferral of Aaronic priesthood by John the Baptist | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
To Three Witnesses | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
To Parley P. Pratt and Ziba Peterson | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Property division | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Location of Zion at Jackson County, Missouri | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Prayer of Joseph Smith; keys of the kingdom | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
To William E. McLellin | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Testimony of the Book of Commandments | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
To Orson Hyde, Luke S. Johnson, Lyman E. Johnson, and William E. McLellin; bishops; parents | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Assignments for John Whitmer | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Stewardship; equality | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Joseph Smith and Sidney Rigdon called to preach | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Bishops | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Explanation of 1 Corinthians 7:14; salvation of children | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Missionary work; families of missionaries | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Jesus Christ; resurrection; degrees of glory; origin of Satan | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Explanation of certain verses in Revelation | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
United Order; equality | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
To Jared Carter | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
To Stephen Burnett and Eden Smith | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
To Jesse Gause; on 18 Mar 1833 its application was transferred to Frederick G. Williams | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Obedience; United Order; equality | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Husbands and fathers; widows and orphans | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Priesthood | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Letter from Joseph Smith to W. W. Phelps; United Order; One Mighty and Strong; equality | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Parable of the Tares explained | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Prophecy of war and calamity | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
The "olive leaf"; "Lord's message of peace" | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
A "Word of Wisdom" | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Keys of the kingdom; First Presidency | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
The Apocrypha | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
To Frederick G. Williams | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
John's record of Christ; intelligence; innocence of children | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
To Hyrum Smith, Reynolds Cahoon, and Jared Carter; construction of various buildings commanded | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Kirtland Temple to be built; purpose of temples | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Division of property | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Saints in Jackson County, Missouri; temple to be built in Jackson County | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Promises and warnings; martyrs; when war is justified; forgiving enemies | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
To John Murdock | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Joseph Smith and Sidney Rigdon to preach gospel; Rigdon to be Smith's spokesman; welfare of Orson Hyde and John Gould | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Redemption of Zion; parables; United States and the U.S. Constitution; Saints to seek redress | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Minutes for first high council meeting | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Redemption of Zion; organization of Zion's Camp | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
United Order | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Redemption of Zion; purpose of Kirtland Temple; peace | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
To Warren A. Cowdery; Second Coming | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Priesthood; quorums | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
To Lyman Sherman | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Dedicatory prayer for Kirtland Temple | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Visitation of Jesus Christ to accept Kirtland Temple; conferral of priesthood keys; coming of Moses, Elias, and Elijah | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
temporal needs of the church | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
To Thomas B. Marsh; Quorum of the Twelve Apostles; First Presidency | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Answers to questions on the Book of Isaiah | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Concerning David W. Patten | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Name of the church; stakes; temple to be built at Far West, Missouri | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Adam-ondi-Ahman | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Concerning William Marks, Newel K. Whitney, and Oliver Granger; property; sacrifice | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Vacancies in the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles filled | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Tithing | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Council on the Disposition of the Tithes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Prayer and prophecies of Joseph Smith; why many are called but few chosen | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Destiny of Joseph Smith | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Letter to church; duty in relation to their persecutors | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Nauvoo Temple and Nauvoo House to be built; baptism for the dead | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Saints in Iowa | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
To Brigham Young | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Letter to church; baptism for the dead | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Letter to church; baptism for the dead | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Distinguishing the nature of angels and disembodied spirits | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Various items of instruction; corporeal nature of God and Jesus Christ; intelligence; seer stones | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Various items of instruction; celestial marriage; eternal life | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Plural marriage; celestial marriage; sealing power; exaltation | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Original "Appendix"; Second Coming; missionary work | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
secular governments and laws in general | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Martyrdom of Joseph Smith and Hyrum Smith | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Organization of Mormon pioneer westward journey | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Salvation for the dead; salvation of little children | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Jesus Christ preached to spirits in prison; salvation for the dead | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Cessation of plural marriage | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
1978 Revelation on Priesthood: cessation of priesthood restrictions based on race | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
God's words to Moses | Yes (Pearl of Great Price) | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Prophecy of Enoch | Yes (Pearl of Great Price) | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
General meeting of the quorums of the church to consider the labors of the committee charged with organizing publication of the revelations into a book | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Declaration on marriage; one spouse only | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Tithing | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Calling of William Marks | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Priesthood ordination of other races | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Foreign missions | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Instructions to the elders | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Branch and district presidents | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Duties of quorums | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Lamoni College; church publications; relations with the LDS Church; doctrinal tracts; interpretation of various scriptures; gospel boat; branch in Detroit | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Patriarchs; foreign missions | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Quorums | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Sanitarium | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Organization and colonization | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Presiding Bishopric | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Presiding Bishop | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Missionary work | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions; unity | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions; work toward Zion | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions; Zion | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions; counsel | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Commendation; urge to work | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions; counsel | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
New President of the Church named | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions; unity commended | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions; stewardship | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions; counsel | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions; relationship between ministerial programs; prepare to build temple at Independence | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Clarification of 149 | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions; counsel on culture; Independence Temple preparation; ecology | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions; reconciliation | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
New precedent on presidential succession; presidential successor named; changes in leadership positions; reconciliation | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
New President of the Church; changes in leadership positions; counsel on outreach | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions; counsel on outreach | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions; counsel on witness | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Purpose of Independence Temple; priesthood opened to women; changes in leadership positions | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions; unity; humility | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions; the spiritual life | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Changes in leadership positions; trusting the Spirit; Independence Temple accepted | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
New President of the Church named | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Proclaim peace; reach out; patience; embrace differences; respect tradition | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Be a prophetic people; diversity; tithing | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Strive for peace; missionary work; use and misuse of scripture; equality; generosity | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Effects of baptism, confirmation, and sacrament of the Lord's Supper; cultural awareness and sensitivity; flexibility in number of quorums of seventy; accelerate evangelism | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Expand community, promote peace, and end poverty; tithing; unity in diversity; act in accordance to beliefs | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Pearl of Great Price | |||||||
Book of Moses | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
Book of Abraham | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Joseph Smith–Matthew | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
Joseph Smith–History | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Articles of Faith | Yes | Inspired | No | No | No | Inspired | Inspired |
Latter Day Saint movement other religious text | |||||||
The Word of the Lord | No | No | No | No | Yes | No | No |
The Word of the Lord Brought to Mankind by an Angel | No | No | No | No | Yes | No | No |
Lectures on Faith | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
Book of Jasher | No | No | No | No | No | No - not considered canonical [29] | No |
The Book of the Law of the Lord | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | No |
Letter of Appointment | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | No |
The Doctrine and Covenants is a part of the open scriptural canon of several denominations of the Latter Day Saint movement. Originally published in 1835 as Doctrine and Covenants of the Church of the Latter Day Saints: Carefully Selected from the Revelations of God, editions of the book continue to be printed mainly by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and the Community of Christ.
Mormonism is the theology and religious tradition of the Latter Day Saint movement of Restorationist Christianity started by Joseph Smith in Western New York in the 1820s and 1830s. As a label, Mormonism has been applied to various aspects of the Latter Day Saint movement, although since 2018 there has been a push from The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints to distance itself from this label. One historian, Sydney E. Ahlstrom, wrote in 1982 that, depending on the context, the term Mormonism could refer to "a sect, a mystery cult, a new religion, a church, a people, a nation, or an American subculture; indeed, at different times and places it is all of these."
The Book of Abraham is a religious text of the Latter Day Saint movement, first published in 1842 by Joseph Smith. Smith said the book was a translation from several Egyptian scrolls discovered in the early 19th century during an archeological expedition by Antonio Lebolo, and purchased by members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints from a traveling mummy exhibition on July 3, 1835. According to Smith, the book was "a translation of some ancient records... purporting to be the writings of Abraham, while he was in Egypt, called the Book of Abraham, written by his own hand, upon papyrus". The Book of Abraham is about Abraham's early life, his travels to Canaan and Egypt, and his vision of the cosmos and its creation.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints—usually distinguished with a parenthetical (Strangite)—is one of the several organizations that claim to be the legitimate continuation of the church founded by Joseph Smith on April 6, 1830. It is a separate organization from the considerably larger and better known Utah-based Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Both churches claim to be the original organization established by Smith. The Strangite church is headquartered in Voree, Wisconsin, just outside Burlington, and accepts the claims of James Strang as successor to Smith. It had approximately 300 members in 1998. An undated FAQ on the church's official website reports there are around 130 active members throughout the United States.
The Joseph Smith Translation (JST), also called the Inspired Version of the Holy Scriptures (IV), is a revision of the Bible by Joseph Smith, the founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, who said that the JST/IV was intended to restore what he described as "many important points touching the salvation of men, [that] had been taken from the Bible, or lost before it was compiled". Smith was killed before he deemed it complete, though most of his work on it was performed about a decade beforehand. The work is the King James Version of the Bible (KJV) with some significant additions and revisions. It is considered a sacred text and is part of the canon of Community of Christ (CoC), formerly the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, and other Latter Day Saint churches. Selections from the Joseph Smith Translation are also included in the footnotes and the appendix of the Latter-day Saint edition of the LDS-published King James Version of the Bible. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints' edition of the Bible includes selections from the JST in its footnotes and appendix. It has officially canonized only certain excerpts that appear in the Pearl of Great Price. These excerpts are the Book of Moses and Smith's revision of part of the Gospel of Matthew.
The Church of Christ, informally called Hedrickites and the Church of Christ (Temple Lot), is a denomination of the Latter Day Saint movement headquartered in Independence, Missouri, on what is known as the Temple Lot. The nickname for members of the church comes from the surname of Granville Hedrick, who was ordained as the church's leader in July 1863. Unlike the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and Community of Christ, the Temple Lot church rejects the office of prophet or president, being instead led by its Quorum of Twelve Apostles. The church also rejects the doctrines of baptism for the dead and celestial marriage promulgated by the Utah-based LDS Church, as well as the Doctrine and Covenants and Pearl of Great Price. While once avidly engaged in dialogue with other Latter Day Saint factions, the church no longer has any official contact with any other organization. It is notable for its sole ownership of the Temple Lot, which it has held for nearly 150 years. As of 2013, membership is 7,310 members in 11 countries. Most of the members live in the United States, but there are parishes in Canada, Mexico, Honduras, Nigeria, Kenya, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malawi, Tanzania, India, Ethiopia, and the Philippines.
"Lectures on Faith" is a set of seven lectures on the doctrine and theology of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, first published as the doctrine portion of the 1835 edition of the canonical Doctrine and Covenants (D&C), but later removed from that work by both major branches of the faith. The lectures were originally presented by Joseph Smith to a group of elders in a course known as the "School of the Prophets" in the early winter of 1834–35 in Kirtland, Ohio.
The Latter Day Saint movement is the collection of independent church groups that trace their origins to a Christian Restorationist movement founded by Joseph Smith in the late 1820s.
The Book of the Law of the Lord is a sacred book of scripture used by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Strangite), a sect of the Latter Day Saint movement. It is alleged to be a translation by the Strangite prophet James Strang of the brass Plates of Laban, which were originally acquired by Nephi, a leading figure in the early portion of the Book of Mormon. Strang claimed to have translated them using the Urim and Thummim, which Mormons believe was used by Joseph Smith to translate the Book of Mormon from ancient gold plates. Strang's followers believe that while the Book of the Law was lost to the Old World during Israel's captivity in foreign lands, a copy was included in the plates that the ancient prophet Nephi took with him to the New World.
The Pearl of Great Price is part of the canonical Standard Works of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and some other Latter Day Saint denominations.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints teaches that Adam and Eve were the first man and the first woman to live on the earth and that their fall was an essential step in the plan of salvation. Adam in particular is a central figure in Mormon cosmology.
Community of Christ and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints are two denominations that share a common heritage in the Church of Christ founded by Joseph Smith on April 6, 1830. Since Smith's death in 1844, they have evolved separately in belief and practices. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints is headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah, and claims more than 17 million members worldwide; Community of Christ is headquartered in Independence, Missouri, and reports a worldwide membership of approximately 250,000.
Joseph Smith–Matthew is a book in the Pearl of Great Price, a scriptural text used by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and other Latter Day Saint denominations. Joseph Smith–Matthew consists of Joseph Smith's "retranslation" of portions of the Gospel of Matthew. It was originally published in 1831 in Kirtland, Ohio, in an undated broadsheet as "Extract from the New Translation of the Bible".
Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and other adherents in the Latter Day Saint movement, believe that there will be a Second Coming of Jesus Christ to the earth sometime in the future. The LDS Church and its leaders do not make predictions of the actual date of the Second Coming.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints focuses its doctrine and teaching on Jesus Christ; that he was the Son of God, born of Mary, lived a perfect life, performed miracles, bled from every pore in the Garden of Gethsemane, died on the cross, rose on the third day, appeared again to his disciples, and now resides, authoritatively, on the right hand side of God. In brief, some beliefs are in common with Catholics, Orthodox and Protestant traditions. However, teachings of the LDS Church differ significantly in other ways and encompass a broad set of doctrines, so that the above-mentioned denominations usually place the LDS Church outside the bounds of orthodox Christian teaching as summarized in the Nicene Creed.
The standard works of Mormonism—the largest denomination of which is the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints —have been the subject of various criticisms. Latter-day Saints believe the Book of Mormon is a sacred text with the same divine authority as the Bible; both are considered complementary to each other. Other Mormon sacred texts include the Pearl of Great Price and Doctrine and Covenants, which are also recognized as scripture. Religious and scholarly critics outside Mormonism have disputed Mormonism's unique scriptures, questioning the traditional narrative of how these books came to light and the extent to which they describe actual events. Critics cite research in history, archeology, and other disciplines to support their contentions.
Islam and Mormonism have been compared to one another since the earliest origins of the latter in the nineteenth century, sometimes by detractors of one or both religions, but also at least once by Joseph Smith, founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, himself. Smith was also frequently referred to as "the Modern Muhammad" by several publications of the era, notably in the New York Herald, shortly after his assassination in June 1844. This epithet repeated a comparison that had been made from Smith's earliest career, one that was not intended at the time to be complimentary.
The LDS edition of the Bible is a version of the Bible published by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in English, Spanish, and Portuguese. The text of the LDS Church's English-language Bible is the King James Version, its Spanish-language Bible is a revised Reina-Valera translation, and its Portuguese-language edition is based on the Almeida translation. The editions include footnoting, indexing, and summaries that are consistent with the doctrines of the LDS Church and that integrate the Bible with the church's other canonized Latter-day Saint scriptures. The LDS Church encourages its members to use the LDS Church edition of the Bible.
Remnant fellowships are a loosely organized branch of the Latter Day Saint movement formed by individuals who accept alleged divine revelations received by Denver Snuffer Jr.. The Remnant Fellowships generally feel called to personal and social renewal preparatory to Christ's eventual second coming. According to movement beliefs, participants anticipate a coming time when remnants remain within the full restored covenant with Jesus Christ: an allusion to a belief that "The Bible, Book of Mormon, and modern revelation through the Prophet Joseph Smith, prophesy that the gospel of Jesus Christ would shift from the Gentile stewards of the gospel back to Israel in the last days." The movement places a renewed focus on individual communion with God, gifts of the spirit, tangible expressions of faith, and the eventual establishment of Zion. While the movement has no official name, the term "Snufferite" has been used to denote followers. Other designations include covenant of Christ movement and Denver Snuffer movement. Participants sometimes reference each other as "covenant Brother," "covenant Sister".
The following outline is an overview and topical guide for the Doctrine and Covenants.