| Type 73 Medium Truck 2nd Gen. | |
|---|---|
 Type 73 Medium Truck (second generation) | |
| Type | Four-wheel drive truck |
| Place of origin |  Japan |
| Production history | |
| Designed | 1973 |
| Manufacturer | Toyota |
| Specifications | |
| Armor | none |
The Type 73 Medium Truck is an all-terrain four-wheel drive (4x4) truck of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force known as the 1 1/2 Ton Truck. [1]
| Type 73 Medium Truck 1st Gen. | |
|---|---|
 Type 73 Medium Truck (first generation) | |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | 3,200 kilograms (7,100 lb) |
| Length | 5.36 metres (211 in) |
| Width | 2.09 metres (82 in) |
| Height | 2.49 metres (98 in) |
| Crew | 2 |
| Passengers | 16 |
| Engine | Toyota 1W water-cooled 4-cylinder, 4,009 cc (244.6 cu in) diesel engine 86 kW (115 hp) |
| Payload capacity | 2,000 kilograms (4,400 lb) |
| Transmission | 5-speed manual |
Operational range | 800 km |
| Maximum speed | 87 km/h |
This truck replaced various types of previous light and medium trucks in service with the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force. Among them was the 3/4 ton truck manufactured by Toyota and Nissan, which had been in service since the 1950s. [2] One of the reasons the 3/4 ton truck became obsolete, was due to the high fuel consumption of the gasoline engine. Japanese truck manufacturers were instructed to develop a successor. After competitive bidding Toyota and Hino Motors were selected to develop and build the Type 73 Medium Truck.
The truck is not armored and thus not made for combat, but with the aim of mainly carrying personnel and transporting goods with a load capacity of 2,000 kg. It is used in various roles. The cab, which has space for the driver and one or two crew is normally fitted with a soft top and windshield which can be folded down in order to lower the silhouette . It is fitted with an all-steel cargo area, which can be covered by a heavy tarpaulin. It is equipped with two wooden personnel benches for transporting up to 16 troops. A step is integrated into the folding tailgate to assist personnel mounting the cargo area. The truck can be used to carry mortars and their crews. The infantry heavy mortar company uses it equipped with a M2 107mm mortar. Additionally you will often find the vehicle with a box type design, such as for radio communications or as an ambulance.
The first generation, produced from around 1973 to the mid-1990s, is equipped with a five-speed manual transmission, lacks power steering and bears serial numbers 0001 ~ 39XX. The truck adopted components from the civilian Hino Ranger series: A ladder-type frame, a four-wheel rigid leaf suspension, a combination of chassis configurations and the part-time four-wheel drive. It has the following capabilities for off-road use:
| Type 73 Medium Truck 2nd Gen. | |
|---|---|
 Type 73 Medium Truck (second generation) | |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | 3,040 kilograms (6,700 lb) |
| Length | 5.49 metres (216 in) |
| Width | 2.22 metres (87 in) |
| Height | 2.565 metres (101.0 in) |
| Crew | 3 |
| Passengers | 16 |
| Engine | Toyota water-cooled 4-cylinder diesel engine 125 kW (168 hp) |
| Payload capacity | 2,000 kilograms (4,400 lb) |
| Transmission | automatic |
| Maximum speed | 115 km/h |
The second generation, which replaced the first generation in the mid-1990s, is equipped with a four-speed automatic transmission, power steering and bears serial numbers 39XX ~ 5XXX. The following additional changes were made compared to the first generation: switch to the chassis of the Toyota High Mobility Vehicle. It has full-time four wheel drive with a center differential, and the cab is equipped with air conditioning and radio. In comparison to the first generation, the front bumper shape was changed and the shape of the tail light as well as the style of the round front lights, to make the Toyota truck look similar to the High Mobility Vehicle. It uses the same wheels and tires as the High Mobility Vehicle. One of the identifying marks is the cutout for the back wheels. Compared to the High Mobility Vehicle the wheelbase has been shortened with good maneuverability for the cab-over shape. It does not feature four wheel steering. In addition, the radiator was lowered and the position and shape of the front radiator cover has been changed.
A van is a type of road vehicle used for transporting goods or people. Depending on the type of van, it can be bigger or smaller than a pickup truck and SUV, and bigger than a common car. There is some variation in the scope of the word across the different English-speaking countries. The smallest vans, microvans, are used for transporting either goods or people in tiny quantities. Mini MPVs, compact MPVs, and MPVs are all small vans usually used for transporting people in small quantities. Larger vans with passenger seats are used for institutional purposes, such as transporting students. Larger vans with only front seats are often used for business purposes, to carry goods and equipment. Specially equipped vans are used by television stations as mobile studios. Postal services and courier companies use large step vans to deliver packages.
The Casspir is a Mine-Resistant Ambush Protected Vehicle that has been in use in South Africa since the 1980s. It is a four-wheeled, four-wheel drive vehicle, used for transport of troops. It can hold a crew of two, plus 12 additional soldiers and associated equipment. The Casspir was unique in design when launched, providing for passive mine defence. The main armoured steel body of the vehicle is raised high above the ground, so when a mine is detonated, the explosion is less likely to damage the crew compartment and kill the occupants. The cross-section of the hull is V-shaped (V-hull), directing the force of the explosion outwards, further protecting the occupants. The vehicle also offers crew protection from small arms fire. The capabilities of the Casspir were the basis of the outline capabilities required by the U.S. Marines' for their Mine Resistant Ambush Protected or MRAP vehicle project.
The Toyota Stout is a light truck produced by the Japanese automaker Toyota from 1954 through 1989. The Stout shared its platform with the Toyota Dyna until 1968, when the Dyna was given its own platform, called the Toyota "U". In Japan, it was sold at Toyota Japanese dealerships called Toyopet Store.
The Medium Tactical Vehicle Replacement (MTVR) is a series of vehicles used by the U.S. Marines. The first MTVRs were delivered in late 1999. The MTVR is the equivalent of the U.S. Army’s Family of Medium Tactical Vehicles (FMTV); the Marines do not use the FMTV and the Army does not use the MTVR.
Hino Motors, Ltd., commonly known as Hino, is a Japanese manufacturer of commercial vehicles and diesel engines headquartered in Hino, Tokyo. The company was established in 1942 as a corporate spin-off from previous manufacturers.
The Toyota Dyna is a light to medium-duty cab over truck for commercial use. In the Japanese market, the Dyna is sold alongside its twin called the Toyoace. The Toyoace was a renaming of the Toyopet SKB Truck as a result of a 1956 public competition with 200,000 entries. "Dyna" is short for dynamic.
The Isuzu Giga is a line of heavy-duty commercial vehicles produced by Isuzu since 1994. Outside Japan it is known as Isuzu C/E series. It was formally known as the Isuzu Heavy-Duty Truck'. Between 1994 and 2016, it was also sold in South America.
The Hino Dutro is a light commercial truck manufactured by Hino Motors. It is a rebadged version of the Toyota Dyna. Like the Dyna and its twin ToyoAce, the Dutro is built on the U300 platform for the standard cab, or U400 platform for the wide cab and offered in many different chassis type suitable for different purposes. The Dutro took over from the earlier Ranger 2, a badge-engineered version of the Daihatsu Delta series. Outside of Japan, it is also known as the '300 series'. In North America, it has been marketed as the 'M Series' since the 2021 model year.
The Hino Ranger is a medium or heavy duty commercial truck produced by Hino Motors since 1964. In the domestic market, its principal competitors are Isuzu Forward, Nissan Diesel/UD Condor and Mitsubishi Fuso Fighter.
The Commercial Utility Cargo Vehicle (CUCV) is a vehicle program instituted to provide the United States military with light utility vehicles based on civilian trucks.
The Toyota LiteAce and TownAce are a line of light commercial and derivative passenger vans produced by the Japanese car manufacturer Toyota. These vehicles originally utilized the cab-over-engine configuration, although since 1996 a semi-cab-over arrangement has featured instead. The LiteAce launched in 1970 as light-duty truck, with commercial and van/wagon body variants added in 1971. In 1976, Toyota released the larger TownAce van/wagon that derived from the LiteAce; a TownAce truck arrived later in 1978. Between 1982 and 1992, the series accommodated the MasterAce Surf—an upscale TownAce passenger wagon.
The URO VAMTAC is a Spanish four-wheel drive military vehicle manufactured by UROVESA. Externally it is similar in appearance and design to the Humvee of the United States Military due to similar requirements. More than 2,000 of the vehicles have been delivered to the Spanish Armed Forces. Several other countries operate the VAMTAC as well, and it has seen service most recently in Afghanistan and Syria. The vehicle comes in three models, named I3, S3 and ST5, and has several configurations.
Canadian Military Pattern (CMP) trucks were mutually coherent ranges of military trucks, made in large numbers, in several classes and numerous versions, by Canada's branches of the U.S. 'Big Three' auto-makers during World War II, compliant to British Army specifications, primarily intended for use in the armies of the British Commonwealth allies, but also serving in other units of the British Empire.
The Toyota ToyoAce is a light to medium cab over truck built by Toyota since September 1954. Until a renaming contest in 1956, the truck was sold as the "Toyopet Light Truck SKB". Since 1985 the ToyoAce and Dyna truck lines have been merged, with the Dynas generally being intended for heavier duty work. In Japan, it was exclusive to Japanese Toyota dealerships called Toyopet Store.
The Pinzgauer is a family of high-mobility all-terrain 4WD (4×4) and 6WD (6×6) military utility vehicles. The vehicle was originally developed in the late 1960s and manufactured by Steyr-Daimler-Puch of Graz, Austria, and was named after the Pinzgauer, an Austrian breed of cattle. They were most recently manufactured at Guildford in Surrey, England by BAE Systems Land & Armaments. It was popular amongst military buyers, and continued in production there throughout the rest of the century.
Einheits-Pkw der Wehrmacht – literally: "standard passenger motor-car of the Wehrmacht" – was the Nazi German plan for a new, multi-purpose fleet of four-wheel drive, off-road capable cars, and light trucks, based on just three uniform chassis, specifically designed and built for the Wehrmacht, formulated in 1934 and built from 1936 to 1943.
The Toyota Massy Dyna (トヨタ・マッシーダイナ) is a four-tonne medium-duty truck built by Toyota between 1969 and 1979. It could seat three.
The Toyota FA and BA were heavy duty trucks introduced in February 1954. They were facelifted versions of the earlier BX/FX trucks, retaining those trucks Type B and Type F six-cylinder petrol engines. The first letter in the model name indicates the engine family fitted; in 1957 the Type D diesel engine was introduced in a model known as the DA. The second letter indicated the size of the truck, with shorter medium duty versions being coded BC/FC/DC. A second letter "B" was used on bus versions of this chassis. A second generation FA/DA was introduced in 1964 and was built in Japan until 1980, when Hino replaced Toyota's heavier truck lines entirely. The DA, however, was also built in numerous other countries and manufacture continued into the first decade of the 21st century.
The third generation of the C/K series is a range of trucks that was manufactured by General Motors. Marketed under the Chevrolet and GMC brands from the 1973 to the 1991 model years, General Motors gave this generation of the model line the "Rounded Line" moniker. Produced across 18 model years, this series is the third-longest produced model of American pickup trucks.
The fourth generation of theC/K series is a range of trucks that was manufactured by General Motors. Marketed by the Chevrolet and GMC brands from the 1988 to the 2002 model years, this is the final generation of the C/K model line. In a branding change, GMC adopted the GMC Sierra nameplate for all its full-size pickup trucks, leaving the C/K nomenclature exclusive to Chevrolet.
