Tropical cyclones in 1993 | |
---|---|
Year boundaries | |
First system | Colina |
Formed | January 13, 1993 |
Last system | Rewa |
Dissipated | January 23, 1994 |
Strongest system | |
Name | Koryn |
Lowest pressure | 905 mbar (hPa); 26.72 inHg |
Longest lasting system | |
Name | Rewa |
Duration | 28 days |
Year statistics | |
Total systems | 110 |
Named systems | 78 |
Total fatalities | 1997 |
Total damage | $4.3 billion (1993 USD) |
During 1993, tropical cyclones formed within seven different bodies of water called basins. To date, 110 tropical cyclones formed, of which 78 were given names by various weather agencies. Only one Category 5 tropical cyclone was formed in 1993. The accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index for the 1993 (seven basins combined), as calculated by Colorado State University was 710.4 units.
A weak El Niño prevailed until the end of the year, leading to inactivity in the North Atlantic and the North Indian Ocean and an average activity in the West Pacific and the Southern Hemisphere (excluding the Australian region basin). [1]
An average Atlantic hurricane season features 12 tropical storms, 6 hurricanes, and 3 major hurricanes, and features an Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) count of 106. In the year, the statistics fell below, featuring only 8 tropical storms, 4 hurricanes and a major hurricane- making it a below-average season. It had an ACE total of 39.
The first tropical cyclone, Tropical Depression One, developed on May 31, while the final storm, Tropical Depression Ten, dissipated on September 30, well before the average dissipation date of a season's last tropical cyclone; this represented the earliest end to the hurricane season in ten years. The most intense hurricane, Emily, was a Category 3 on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale that paralleled close to the North Carolina coastline causing minor damage and a few deaths before moving out to sea.
The most significant named storm of the season was Hurricane Gert, a tropical cyclone that devastated several countries in Central America and Mexico. Throughout the impact areas, damage totaled to $170 million (1993 USD) [nb 1] and 102 fatalities were reported. The remnants of Gert reached the Pacific Ocean and was classified as Tropical Depression Fourteen-E. Another significant system was Tropical Storm Bret, which resulted in 184 deaths and $25 million in losses as it tracked generally westward across Trinidad, Venezuela, Colombia, and Nicaragua. In the Pacific Ocean, the remnants of Bret were attributed to the development of Hurricane Greg. Three other tropical cyclones brought minor to moderate effects on land; they were Tropical Depression One and Tropical Storms Arlene and Cindy. The storms of the 1993 Atlantic hurricane season collectively caused 339 fatalities and $319 million in losses.
An average Pacific hurricane season features 15 tropical storms, 9 hurricanes, and 4 major hurricanes, and features an Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) count of 132. In the year, the statistics fell above, featuring 15 tropical storms, 11 hurricanes, and 9 major hurricanes- making it a slightly above-average season. It had an ACE total of 201.8 units.
The first tropical cyclone developed on June 11, over a month after the traditional start of the season. The final named storm of the season, Tropical Storm Norma, dissipated on October 14. The Central Pacific Ocean saw very little tropical activity, with only one cyclone, Hurricane Keoni, developing in that particular region. However, many storms out of the season crossed the threshold into the Central Pacific, many as hurricanes, and even major hurricanes.
The season produced fifteen named storms, which was slightly below the average of sixteen named storms per season. However, the total of eleven hurricanes during the season was slightly above average, and the total of nine major hurricanes was significantly higher than the average of three. The most intense cyclone of the season was Hurricane Lidia, a powerful Category 4 hurricane that made landfall in Sinaloa as a Category 2. Killing seven people, Lidia also caused extensive property damage in Mexico and the United States, as the remnants of the system combined with a cold front to produce Severe weather in Texas. However, the most notable storm of the season, in terms of fatalities, was Hurricane Calvin. Originating from an area of disturbed weather on July 4, it reached a peak intensity of 110 mph (180 km/h) before making an initial landfall near Manzanillo, Colima, Mexico. Rapidly weakening due to land interaction with the Mexican coastline, the hurricane re-emerged into Pacific waters, though the storm did not strengthen, and continued to weaken as it moved northwestward. On July 8, Calvin made a second, and final, landfall on the southern tip of Baja California Peninsula before weakening to a tropical depression and dissipating on July 9. At least 34 deaths can be attributed to the system, as well as $32 million (1993 USD) or more in damage.
The average typhoon season lasts year-round, with the majority of the storms forming between May and October. An average Pacific typhoon season features 26 tropical storms, 16 typhoons, and 9 super typhoons (unofficial category). It also features an average Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) count of approximately 294; the basin is typically the most active basin for tropical cyclone formation. The season was average when it comes to the number of tropical storms (28); however, the number of typhoons and the super typhoons were below-average, spawning 15 and 3, respectively.
Typhoon Koryn was the strongest tropical cyclone of the season, becoming a super typhoon and peaking with a pressure of 905 hPa. It caused 37 direct deaths and damages amounting to $224 million as it devastated the Philippines and the South China. Irma caused 10 fatalities as it affected the Marshall and the Caroline Islands. Robyn caused $68 million worth of damages as it affected Japan and the nearby South Korea. Yancy also affected the country, causing over 48 deaths and damages over $1 billion. Lola and Manny of December, altogether caused 538 deaths as it affected the Philippines. Nell closed the season, dissipating on January 1, 1994.
The season was the quietest on record in the basin, with only four tropical disturbances forming.
There were no storms before June, and during that month, a deep depression formed off the east coast of India. It brought flooding rains as it moved through Bangladesh and dissipated over northeastern India. The depression struck in the midst of ongoing floods, which were responsible for 200 deaths in the country in June 1993. The next depression – the only to originate over the Arabian Sea in the season – formed on November 8 and moved toward southern India. The system killed 35 people before weakening and turning to the northwest. It re-intensified into a Very Severe Cyclonic Storm, but weakened just off the coast of Pakistan due to wind shear. The storm killed 609 people in the country due to flooding. The final two depressions had their origins from the western Pacific basin. In late November, a convective system crossed the Malay Peninsula and developed into an intense tropical cyclone, reaching estimated peak winds of 165 km/h (105 mph) on December 4. While at peak intensity, the cyclone moved ashore southern India near Karaikal, causing widespread damage estimated at US$216 million (1993 USD). The storm killed 70 people and displaced at least 68,000 people. The final depression was the reformation of Typhoon Manny. It dissipated near southern India on December 20, bringing heavy rainfall to the country.
The 1992–93 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season lasted longer than normal, with the first storm, Aviona forming on September 27, 1992 and the final storm Konita not dissipating until May 7, 1993. It was an above-average season, with four tropical cyclones – the equivalent of a minimal hurricane – along with six tropical storms, one subtropical depression, and several depressions including one that was named.
At the time, the season officially went from November 15, 1991, to April 30, 1992, [2] although this season began in September with the formation of Tropical Storm Aviona in the northeastern portion of the basin. A month later, Tropical Storm Babie also formed in the northeastern portion of the basin before the season's official start. After several depressions formed in December and early January, Cyclone Colina formed and struck Réunion, which damaged houses and killed 2 people and left 12 missing there. Three storms were active at the same time in the middle of January, including Colina – Tropical Storm Dessilia moved across Madagascar with gusty winds, and Cyclone Edwina was the longest-lasting and strongest storm of the season. Edwina brushed the Mascarene Islands with gusty winds and light rainfall. In mid-February, Tropical Storm Finella brought locally heavy rainfall to Réunion, reaching 1,074 mm (42.3 in) along the island's east coast and causing minimal rainfall along the southern coast. The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) became active toward the end of February, spawning tropical storms Gracia and Ionia as well as Tropical Depression Hutelle. Ionia, the last of five system to cross Madagascar during the season, killed eight people in the country. The season ended with Cyclone Jourdanne, which was the second-strongest storm of the season in April, and Cyclone Konita in May.
Alexina formed as a tropical disturbance on November 9, starting the season. It then dissipated on November 14 without affecting any landmasses. Bettina also formed in the same month, without affecting land as it dissipated. A tropical disturbance and Cecilia formed on the month of December, with the latter ending the 1993 season.
A below-average tropical cyclone season, the basin produced 6 storms. Nina persisted until January 1, shortly before exiting the region. The entire cyclones of the month didn't cause any deaths or damages, however, Adel left two fatalities and fifteen missing as it passed on the north coast of Papua New Guinea, a rare occurrence.
Naomi started the season when it formed on December 14. It affected Western Australia and the damages or deaths are unknown. Cyclone Rewa took an unusual and erratic track near the coast of Queensland, forming on December 26 in the South Pacific basin and dissipating on January 21 in the next year, on the Australian region. Oscar ended the 1993 season, dissipating on January 9 near the coast of the Western Australia.
In January 1993, seven cyclones formed within their respective basins. The strongest cyclone of the season was Cyclone Edwina, which affected the islands of Rodrigues, Mauritius, and Réunion; however, it caused no impacts throughout its life. Cyclone Colina and Tropical Storm Dessilia also existed during this time, with the former affecting the Mascarene Islands and Seychelles as a tropical cyclone, killing two.
In the Australian region, only Cyclone Lena formed during this month, affecting Western Australia. Towards the South Pacific basin, three cyclones existed during the month including two tropical depressions and Lin. Lin was a tropical cyclone that affected the Samoan Islands, Niue, Fiji, and Tonga, causing an unknown number of damages and deaths.
Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) | Pressure (hPa) | Areas affected | Damage (USD) | Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
08P | January 1–3 | 85 (50) | Not specified | Cook Islands | None | None | |
09P | January 11–14 | Not specified | Not specified | French Polynesia | None | None | |
Colina | January 13–20 | 135 (85) | 970 | Mascarene Islands, Seychelles | Unknown | 2 | [3] |
Dessilia | January 16–24 | 95 (60) | 975 | Juan de Nova Island, Madagascar, Réunion | Unknown | Unknown | |
Edwina | January 19–29 | 170 (105) | 925 | Île Amsterdam | None | None | |
Lena | January 22 – February 2 | 100 (65) | 972 | Western Australia | Unknown | None | |
Lin | January 30 – February 5 | 120 (75) | 970 | Samoan Islands, Fiji, Niue, Tonga | Unknown | Unknown | |
Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) | Pressure (hPa) | Areas affected | Damage (USD) | Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Oliver | February 3 – 14 | 185 (115) | 950 | Papua New Guinea, Far North Queensland | Unknown | Unknown | |
Mick | February 3 – 9 | 85 (50) | 987 | Fiji, Samoan Islands, New Zealand, Tonga | Minimal | Unknown | |
Nisha | February 9 – 16 | 110 (70) | 975 | Cook Islands | None | None | |
Finella | February 12 – 15 | 80 (50) | 984 | Mascarene Islands | None | None | |
Oli | February 14 – 20 | 75 (45) | 990 | Vanuatu, Fiji | Unknown | Unknown | |
Gracia | February 20 – 23 | 70 (45) | 990 | Mayotte, Madagascar | Unknown | None | |
H1 | February 24 – 26 | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | ||
Hutelle | February 27 – March 2 | Not specified | Not specified | Réunion, Madagascar | None | None | |
Polly | February 27 – March 9 | 155 (100) | 945 | Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, New Zealand | Unknown | Unknown | |
01W (Atring) | February 28 – March 1 | 55 (35) | 1010 | Philippines | None | None | |
Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) | Pressure (hPa) | Areas affected | Damage (USD) | Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ionia | March 2–7 | 65 (40) | 993 | Madagascar | Minimal | 8 | |
Irma | March 7–17 | 95 (60) | 985 | None | None | None | |
Roger | March 12–20 | 110 (70) | 980 | None | None | None | |
Prema | March 24 – April 6 | 185 (115) | 940 | Vanuatu, New Caledonia | $5 million | 3 |
Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) | Pressure (hPa) | Areas affected | Damage (USD) | Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jourdanne | April 2–10 | 165 (105) | 930 | None | None | None | |
Monty | April 6–13 | 110 (70) | 992 | None | None | None | |
Bining | April 9–13 | 55 (35) | 1002 | Caroline Islands, Philippines | None | None | |
Kuring | April 19–26 | 55 (35) | 1008 | Caroline Islands, Philippines | None | None |
Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) | Pressure (hPa) | Areas affected | Damage (USD) | Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Konita | May 2–7 | 130 (80) | 955 | None | None | None | |
Daling | May 2–4 | 45 (30) | 1006 | Philippines | None | None | |
Adel | May 11–16 | 120 (70) | 970 | Papua New Guinea | Minimal | 3 | |
Jack | May 16–22 | 65 (40) | 1008 | Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands | None | None | |
One | May 31 – June 2 | 55 (35) | 999 | Cuba, Jamaica, Haiti, Florida, The Bahamas | Unknown | 20 |
Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) | Pressure (hPa) | Areas affected | Damage (USD) | Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adrian | June 11–19 | 130 (80) | 979 | None | None | None | |
Koryn (Goring) | June 16–29 | 195 (120) | 905 | Caroline Islands, Philippines, China | $224 million | 37 | |
Elang | June 17–20 | 55 (35) | 1008 | Philippines | None | None | |
BOB 01 | June 17–19 | 55 (35) | 988 | India, Bangladesh | Heavy | 200 | |
Arlene | June 18–21 | 65 (40) | 1000 | Central America, Mexico, Gulf Coast of the United States | $60.8 million | 26 | |
Beatriz | June 18–20 | 100 (65) | 995 | Southwestern Mexico | Unknown | 6 | |
Three-E | June 27 – July 2 | 55 (35) | 1006 | Southwestern Mexico, Baja California Sur | Minimal | None |
Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) | Pressure (hPa) | Areas affected | Damage (USD) | Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Calvin | July 4–9 | 175 (110) | 966 | Western Mexico, Baja California Sur | $32 million | 37 | |
Lewis (Huling) | July 7–13 | 95 (60) | 985 | Philippines, South China, Vietnam | Unknown | Unknown | |
TD | July 13 | Unknown | 1002 | South China | None | None | |
Marian (Ibiang) | July 14–16 | 75 (45) | 1000 | None | None | None | |
Dora | July 14–21 | 215 (130) | 945 | None | None | None | |
Eugene | July 15–25 | 205 (125) | 948 | None | None | None | |
TD | July 17–22 | Unknown | 1008 | None | None | None | |
Nathan | July 19–25 | 100 (65) | 980 | Mariana Islands, Japan | Unknown | Unknown | |
TD | July 21 | Unknown | 1008 | None | None | None | |
Ofelia (Luming) | July 24–27 | 85 (50) | 990 | Japan | Unknown | Unknown | |
Percy (Miling) | July 27–30 | 100 (65) | 980 | Mariana Islands, Japan | Unknown | Unknown | |
Narsing | July 30–31 | 55 (35) | 1000 | None | None | None | |
TD | July 31 | Unknown | 1002 | Philippines, Taiwan | None | None |
Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) | Pressure (hPa) | Areas affected | Damage (USD) | Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Robyn (Openg) | August 1–11 | 155 (100) | 940 | Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands, Japan, South Korea | $68 million | 45 | |
Keoni | August 9 – September 1 | 165 (105) | 940 | None | None | None | |
Fernanda | August 9–19 | 230 (145) | 934 | Hawaii | $5 million | None | |
Bret | August 4–11 | 65 (40) | 1000 | Trinidad and Tobago, Grenada, ABC islands, Venezuela, Colombia, Central America | $37.5 million | 213 | |
Steve (Pining) | August 6–14 | 100 (65) | 980 | Mariana Islands, Ryukyu Islands | None | None | |
15W | August 13–14 | 45 (30) | 1002 | Marshall Islands | None | None | |
Tasha (Rubing) | August 15–22 | 120 (75) | 970 | Philippines, China | None | None | |
Cindy | August 14–17 | 75 (45) | 1007 | Lesser Antilles, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic | $19 million | 4 | |
Greg | August 15–28 | 215 (130) | 948 | None | None | None | |
Hillary | August 17–27 | 195 (120) | 957 | Baja California Sur, California, Iowa | None | None | |
Vernon | August 21–28 | 140 (85) | 960 | Japan | Minimal | 2 | |
Winona (Saling) | August 22–29 | 75 (45) | 990 | Philippines, Vietnam | Unknown | Unknown | |
Irwin | August 21–22 | 110 (70) | 999 | Southwestern Mexico | None | None | |
Emily | August 22 – September 6 | 185 (115) | 960 | East Coast of the United States, Bermuda | $35 million | 3 | |
TD | August 23–25 | 1002 | Mariana Islands | None | None | ||
Dennis | August 23–28 | 85 (50) | 1000 | None | None | None | |
Yancy (Tasing) | August 29 – September 4 | 175 (110) | 925 | Japan | $1.67 billion | 48 | |
Jova | August 29 – September 5 | 215 (130) | 948 | Southwestern Mexico | None | None |
Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) | Pressure (hPa) | Areas affected | Damage (USD) | Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Zola (Unsing) | September 5–9 | 95 (60) | 985 | Japan | None | None | |
Kenneth | September 5–17 | 240 (150) | 932 | None | None | None | |
Floyd | September 7–10 | 120 (75) | 990 | Newfoundland and Labrador | Minimal | None | |
TD | September 7–8 | 1006 | Philippines | None | None | ||
Lidia | September 8–14 | 240 (150) | 930 | Southwestern Mexico, California | $8 million | 7 | |
Abe (Walding) | September 9–15 | 155 (100) | 940 | Philippines, Taiwan, China | Unknown | None | |
Becky (Yeyeng) | September 13–18 | 120 (75) | 980 | Philippines, South China | None | 1 | |
Gert | September 14–21 | 155 (100) | 970 | Central America, Mexico | $170 million | 116 | |
Harvey | September 18–21 | 120 (75) | 990 | None | None | None | |
Dot (Anding) | September 20–27 | 140 (85) | 965 | Philippines, China | Unknown | None | |
Fourteen-E | September 21–25 | 55 (35) | 1002 | Southwestern Mexico | None | None | |
Cecil | September 23–27 | 155 (100) | 940 | Mariana Islands | None | None | |
Binang | September 25 | 1004 | None | None | None | ||
Ten | September 29–30 | 55 (35) | 1008 | None | None | None | |
Max | September 30 – October 4 | 75 (45) | 1000 | None | None | None |
Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) | Pressure (hPa) | Areas affected | Damage (USD) | Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ed (Dinang) | October 1–8 | 185 (115) | 915 | Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands | None | None | |
Flo (Kadiang) | October 1–8 | 120 (75) | 970 | Philippines, Ryukyu Islands | $188 million | 576 | |
Norma | October 2–6 | 75 (45) | 1000 | None | None | None | |
Epang | October 6–13 | 45 (30) | 1002 | Philippines, South China | None | None | |
Gene (Gundang) | October 7–10 | 65 (40) | 998 | Caroline Islands | None | None | |
Seventeen-E | October 11–14 | 55 (35) | 1009 | None | None | None | |
Hattie | October 19–25 | 95 (60) | 980 | Marshall Islands | None | None | |
TD | October 22 | 992 | None | None | None | ||
Ira (Husing) | October 27 – November 5 | 150 (90) | 950 | Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands, Philippines, China | Unknown | Unknown |
Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) | Pressure (hPa) | Areas affected | Damage (USD) | Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jeana | November 5–10 | 85 (50) | 992 | Caroline Islands | None | None | |
ARB 01/02 | November 8–16 | 120 (75) | 986 | India, Pakistan | Unknown | 644 | |
Alexina | November 9–14 | 85 (50) | 982 | None | None | None | |
Indang | November 12–13 | 45 (30) | 1008 | Philippines | None | None | |
32W | November 13–16 | 45 (30) | 1002 | Caroline Islands | None | None | |
33W | November 17–19 | 45 (30) | 1002 | Marshall Islands | None | None | |
Bettina | November 25 – December 2 | 110 (70) | 970 | None | None | None | |
Kyle (Luring) | November 17–24 | 130 (80) | 960 | Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia | $1.5 million | 110 |
Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) | Pressure (hPa) | Areas affected | Damage (USD) | Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BOB 02 | December 1–4 | 165 (105) | 968 | India | $216 million | 70 | |
Lola (Monang) | December 1–9 | 150 (90) | 955 | Caroline Islands, Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia | $261 million | 370 | |
Manny (Naning) | December 3–16 | 140 (85) | 955 | Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand | $50 million | 245 | |
Cecilia | December 12–21 | 100 (65) | 972 | Mauritius | None | None | |
Oning | December 14–16 | 55 (35) | 1004 | Philippines | None | None | |
Naomi | December 14–18 | 140 (85) | 960 | Western Australia | Minimal | None | |
BOB 03 | December 19–20 | 55 (35) | 1006 | Southern India | None | None | |
Nell (Puring) | December 21–31 | 110 (70) | 975 | Philippines | None | None | |
Rewa | December 26, 1993 – January 23, 1994 | 205 (125) | 920 | Melanesia, Eastern Australia, New Zealand | Unknown | 20 | |
Oscar | December 28, 1993 – January 9, 1994 | 65 (40) | 995 | Northern Territory, Western Australia | None | None |
There are a total of 9 tropical cyclone basins, 7 are seasonal and two are non-seasonal, thus all 8 basins except the Mediterranean are active. In this table, data from all these basins are added.
2 Only systems that formed either on or after January 1, 1993 are counted in the seasonal totals.
3 Only systems that formed either before or on December 31, 1993 are counted in the seasonal totals.
4 The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone/basin are based on the IMD Scale which uses 3-minute sustained winds.
5 The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone/basin are based on the Saffir Simpson Scale which uses 1-minute sustained winds.
6The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone are based on Météo-France which uses wind gusts.
The 1996 Pacific typhoon season has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1996, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between May and November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
The 1993 Pacific typhoon season was the most active season for the Philippines. The season had no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1993, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between May and November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
The 1992 Pacific typhoon season had no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1992. Despite this, most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between May and November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
The 1970 Pacific typhoon season has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1970, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
The 1975 Pacific typhoon season was one of the deadliest tropical cyclone seasons on record, with nearly 229,000 fatalities occurring during the season. It had no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1975, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
The 1974 Pacific typhoon season was the first season on record to not feature a Category 5 equivalent super typhoon; a feat later repeated by the 1977 and 2017 seasons. Even so, the season was overly active, with 32 tropical storms and 16 typhoons being developed this year. It has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1974, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
The 1999 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, with peaks in May and November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean.
During 2005, tropical cyclones formed within seven different tropical cyclone basins, located within various parts of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. During the year, a total of 141 systems formed with 94 of these developing further and were named by the responsible warning centre. The strongest tropical cyclone of the year was Hurricane Wilma, which was estimated to have a minimum barometric pressure of 882 hPa (26.05 inHg). 2005 was above-average in terms of the number of storms. The most active basin in the year was the North Atlantic, which documented 28 named systems. The Western Pacific had an near-average season with 23 named storms. The Eastern Pacific hurricane season experienced an above-average number of tropical storm intensity systems, numbering 15. Activity across the southern hemisphere's three basins – South-West Indian, Australian, and South Pacific – was fairly significant, with the regions recording 23 named storms altogether, with the most intense Southern Hemisphere cyclone of the year, Cyclone Percy from the South Pacific Ocean basin peaking at 145 mph (235 km/h) and 900 millibars. Throughout the year, 28 Category 3 tropical cyclones formed, including eight Category 5 tropical cyclones in the year. The accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index for the 2005, as calculated by Colorado State University was 899.6 units.
During 2007, tropical cyclones formed within seven different tropical cyclone basins, located within various parts of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. During the year, a total of 129 systems formed with 79 of these developing further and were named by the responsible warning centre. The strongest tropical cyclone of the year was Cyclone George, which was estimated to have a minimum barometric pressure of 902 hPa (26.64 inHg). The deadliest tropical cyclone of the year was Cyclone Sidr in the North Indian Ocean which killed 15,000 people in Bangladesh. The costliest tropical cyclone of the year was Cyclone Gonu in the North Indian Ocean, which caused more than $4.41 billion in damage after striking Oman, United Arab Emirates, Iran and Pakistan. The most active basin in the year was the Western Pacific, which documented 24 named systems. The North Atlantic had an above-average season with 15 named storms. The Eastern Pacific hurricane season experienced a below-average number of tropical storm intensity systems, numbering 11. Activity across the Southern Hemisphere's three basins – South-West Indian, Australian, and South Pacific – was fairly significant, with the regions recording 25 named storms altogether, with the most intense storm of the year coming from the Australian basin. Throughout 2007, twenty one major tropical cyclones formed, including five Category 5 tropical cyclones in the year. The accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index for the 2007, as calculated by Colorado State University was 568.1 units.
During 2018, tropical cyclones formed within seven different tropical cyclone basins, located within various parts of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. During the year, a total of 151 tropical cyclones had formed this year to date. 102 tropical cyclones were named by either a Regional Specialized Meteorological Center (RSMC) or a Tropical Cyclone Warning Center (TCWC).
During 2017, tropical cyclones formed within seven different tropical cyclone basins, located within various parts of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. During the year, a total of 146 tropical cyclones had formed. 88 tropical cyclones had been named by either a Regional Specialized Meteorological Center (RSMC) or a Tropical Cyclone Warning Center (TCWC).
During 2019, tropical cyclones formed within seven different tropical cyclone basins, located within various parts of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. During the year, a total of 142 systems formed with 100 of these developing further and were named by the responsible warning centre. The strongest tropical cyclone of the year was Typhoon Halong, which was estimated to have a minimum barometric pressure of 905 hPa (26.72 inHg). Halong also had the highest 1-minute sustained winds of the year, at 305 kilometres per hour (190 mph).
During 2020, tropical cyclones formed within seven different tropical cyclone basins, located within various parts of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. During the year, 141 tropical cyclones formed in bodies of water known as tropical cyclone basins. Of these, 104, including three subtropical cyclones in the South Atlantic Ocean and three tropical-like cyclones in the Mediterranean, were named by various weather agencies when they attained maximum sustained winds of 35 knots. The strongest storm of the year was Typhoon Goni, peaking with a pressure of 905 hPa (26.72 inHg) and with 10-minute sustained winds of 220 km/h (140 mph). The deadliest storm of the year was Hurricane Eta which caused 175 fatalities and another 100+ to be missing in Central America and the US, while the costliest storm of the year was Hurricane Laura, with a damage cost around $19.1 billion in the Greater Antilles, The Bahamas, and the Gulf Coast of the United States.
Throughout 2009, 130 tropical cyclones formed in bodies of water known as tropical cyclone basins. Of these, 81 were named, including a subtropical cyclone in the South Atlantic Ocean, by various weather agencies when they attained maximum sustained winds of 35 knots. The strongest storm of the year was Typhoon Nida in the Western Pacific Ocean. The deadliest and costliest storm of the year was Typhoon Morakot (Kiko) causing 789 fatalities through its track in the Philippines, Japan, Taiwan, China, and the Korean peninsula. Throughout the year, twenty-one Category 3 tropical cyclones formed, including five Category 5 tropical cyclones in the year. The accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index for the 2009, as calculated by Colorado State University was 609.6 units.
During 2000, tropical cyclones formed in seven different areas called basins, located within various parts of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. A total of 140 tropical cyclones formed within bodies of water known as tropical cyclone basins, with 81 of them being further named by their responsible weather agencies when they attained maximum sustained winds of 35 knots. The strongest storm of the year was Cyclone Hudah, peaking with a minimum pressure of 905 hPa (26.72 inHg), and with 10-minute sustained winds of 220 km/h (135 mph). The highest confirmed number of deaths from a storm was from Typhoon Kai-tak, which killed 188 people, however, Leon–Eline may have killed up to 722 people. The costliest storm was Saomai, which caused $6.3 billion in damage. The accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index for the 2000, as calculated by Colorado State University was 677.3 units.
During 1999, tropical cyclones formed within seven different bodies of water called basins. To date, 142 tropical cyclones formed in bodies of water known as tropical cyclone basins, of which 72 were given names by various weather agencies. The strongest tropical cyclone of the year was Gwenda, attaining maximum sustained winds of 120 knots and a pressure of 900 hPa (26.58 inHg), later tied with Inigo in 2003. Floyd was the costliest tropical cyclone of the year, with around $6.5 billion worth of damages as it affected the Bahamas, the East Coast of the United States, and the Atlantic Canada. The deadliest cyclone of this year was the 1999 Odisha cyclone, which was blamed for over 9,667 deaths as it devastated India. It was also the strongest Northern Hemisphere cyclone of the year with the pressure of 912 hPa (26.93 inHg) and third most intense tropical cyclone worldwide next to Cyclone Gwenda and Cyclone Vance. Three Category 5 tropical cyclones were formed in 1999. The accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index for the 1999, as calculated by Colorado State University was 606.4 units.
During 1998, tropical cyclones formed within seven different tropical cyclone basins, located within various parts of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. A total of 125 tropical cyclones formed, with 72 of them being named by various weather agencies when they attained maximum sustained winds of 35 knots. The strongest tropical cyclones were Zeb, Ron and Susan which peaked with a pressure of 900 hPa (26.58 inHg). Hurricane Mitch of late October was the deadliest tropical cyclone, killing 11,000 people as it catastrophically affected Central America, and Mexico as a Category 5 major hurricane. Meanwhile, Georges became the costliest, with the damages amounting to $9.37 billion, which also became the costliest in the history of the Dominican Republic and the country of Saint Kitts and Nevis. Throughout the year, four Category 5 tropical cyclones formed. The accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index for the 1998, as calculated by Colorado State University was 773.1 units.
During 1996, tropical cyclones formed within seven different tropical cyclone basins, located within various parts of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. During the year, a total of 139 tropical cyclones formed in bodies of water known as tropical cyclone basins. 90 of them were named by various weather agencies when they attained maximum sustained windS of 35 knots. The strongest tropical cyclone of the year was Cyclone Daniella, peaking with a pressure of 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) in the open waters of the Indian Ocean. Hurricane Fran and Typhoon Herb tie for the costliest storm of the year, both with a damage cost of $5 billion. The deadliest tropical cyclone of the year was the 1996 Andhra Pradesh cyclone, which was blamed for over 1,000 fatalities as it directly affected the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. Five Category 5 tropical cyclones were formed in 1996. The accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index for the 1996, as calculated by Colorado State University was 960 units.
During 2021, tropical cyclones formed in seven major bodies of water, commonly known as tropical cyclone basins. Tropical cyclones will be assigned names by various weather agencies if they attain maximum sustained winds of 35 knots. During the year, one hundred forty-five systems have formed and ninety-one were named, including one subtropical depression and excluding one system, which was unofficial. One storm was given two names by the same RSMC. The most intense storm of the year was Typhoon Surigae, with maximum 10-minute sustained wind speeds of 220 km/h (140 mph) and a minimum pressure of 895 hPa (26.43 inHg). The deadliest tropical cyclone was Typhoon Rai, which caused 410 fatalities in the Philippines and 1 in Vietnam, while the costliest was Hurricane Ida, which caused an estimated $75.25 billion USD in damage after striking Louisiana and the Northeastern United States. Six Category 5 tropical cyclones formed during the year, tying 2003. The accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index for the 2021, as calculated by Colorado State University (CSU) was 621.1 units overall.
During 2022, tropical cyclones formed in seven major bodies of water, commonly known as tropical cyclone basins. Tropical cyclones were named by various weather agencies when they attained maximum sustained winds of 35 knots. During the year, 133 systems formed, of which 87 were named. The strongest storm to form was Typhoon Nanmadol, with minimum pressure of 910 hPa (26.87 inHg). The deadliest tropical cyclone was Tropical Storm Megi, which caused 214 fatalities in the Philippines, while the costliest was Hurricane Ian, which had an estimated damage total of at least $113.1 billion after affecting Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela, Colombia, the western part of the Greater Antilles and Southeast United States. Throughout 2022, eighteen major tropical cyclones formed, including three Category 5 tropical cyclones Saffir–Simpson scale (SSHWS) during the year. The accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index for the 2022, as calculated by Colorado State University (CSU) was 559.6 units overall.
Tropical cyclone year articles (1990–1999) |
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