Tynemouth (UK Parliament constituency)

Last updated

Tynemouth
Borough constituency
for the House of Commons
Tynemouth (UK Parliament constituency)
Boundaries since 2024
North East England - Tynemouth constituency.svg
Boundary of Tynemouth in the North East England
County Tyne and Wear
Electorate 73,022 (2023) [1]
Major settlements North Shields, Whitley Bay, Monkseaton, Tynemouth and Cullercoats
Current constituency
Created 1832
Member of Parliament Alan Campbell (Labour)
SeatsOne
Created from Northumberland

Tynemouth is a constituency [n 1] in Tyne and Wear represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 1997 by Sir Alan Campbell, a member of the Labour Party. [n 2]

Contents

Creation

Tynemouth was one of 20 new single-member parliamentary boroughs created by the Reform Act 1832. [2] However, under the Parliamentary Boundaries Act 1832, it is referred to as Tynemouth and North Shields. [3] The constituency is referred to in various sources (e.g. Leigh Rayment [4] and F.W.S.Craig) by the latter name between 1832 and 1885 and then treated as abolished and replaced by Tynemouth from 1885 onwards. However, there is no mention of this in the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 and the boundaries were unchanged at that time. The current name of Tynemouth has officially been in use since the Representation of the People Act 1918. [5] It therefore appears that both names were used for the same constituency at different times from 1832 to 1918.

Boundaries

1832-1918

1918–1950

No change to the boundaries.

1950–1983

Whitley Bay, which became a municipal borough in 1954, was transferred from the abolished constituency of Wansbeck.

1983–1997

Minor changes to take account of changes to local authority and ward boundaries following the reorganisation under the Local Government Act 1972.

1997–2010

Riverside ward transferred to the new constituency of North Tyneside.

Tynemouth (UK Parliament constituency)
Map of 2010–2024 boundaries

2010–2024

Valley ward transferred from North Tyneside.

2024–present

Under the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, which came into effect for the 2024 general election, the constituency was defined as being composed of the following as they existed on 1 December 2020:

The Valley ward was moved back out, to the new constituency of Cramlington and Killingworth, partly offset by the reinstatement of most of Riverside ward from North Tyneside (abolished).

Further to a local government boundary review which became effective in May 2024, [12] the constituency now comprises the following with effect from the 2024 general election:

Constituency profile

Tynemouth is a coastal seat on the northern bank of the River Tyne. The seat covers Tynemouth, North Shields, Whitley Bay, Cullercoats, Monkseaton and, since 2010, Shiremoor and Backworth.

North Shields and the communities along the Tyne itself tend to be more industrial and working-class, once dominated by coal mining and shipbuilding. The coastal towns to the north, such as Whitley Bay, tend to be more middle-class dormitory towns for Newcastle commuters.

Workless claimants, registered jobseekers, were in November 2012 close to the national average of 3.8%, at 3.9% of the population based on a statistical compilation by The Guardian , lower than the regional average by 0.5%. [14]

Political history

The seat has tended to be one of the more Conservative-leaning seats in the North East of England, where the party has traditionally struggled against the Labour Party. As a relatively middle-class area, it returned Conservative MPs from 1950 to 1997, albeit often on narrow majorities. It has been represented by Labour since 1997, though the Conservatives remain strong at a local level. Similar to Sefton Central on Merseyside, despite being a traditionally strong Conservative area in a Labour-dominated county, the area has swung significantly to Labour during the twenty-first century, and has been won by semi-marginal to safe margins by Labour candidates at every general election since 1997, with significant swings to Labour seen in both 2015 and 2017, the largest of all in 2024.

Since the 1997 general election, it has been represented by Alan Campbell of the Labour Party, who reached the level of government below a Minister of State in 2008, as a Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for the Home Office. He is currently Labour Chief Whip in the House of Commons.

Members of Parliament

ElectionMember [4] Party
1885 Richard Donkin Conservative
1900 Frederick Leverton Harris Conservative
1906 Herbert James Craig Liberal
1918 Charles Percy Conservative
1922 Alexander Russell Conservative
1945 Grace Colman Labour
1950 Irene Ward Conservative
Feb 1974 Neville Trotter Conservative
1997 Alan Campbell Labour

Elections

Election results 1950-2024 Tynemouth Election Results.png
Election results 1950-2024

Elections in the 2020s

General election 2024: Tynemouth [15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Alan Campbell 24,491 50.6 +3.9
Conservative Lewis Bartoli9,03618.7−21.5
Reform UK Rosalyn Elliot7,39215.3+11.4
Green Chloe-Louise Fawcett-Reilly3,5927.4+5.1
Liberal Democrats John Appleby2,7095.6−1.1
Independent Mustaque Rahman5311.1N/A
Party of Women Kelly Dougall2860.6N/A
Independent Christopher Greener2730.6N/A
Heritage Adam Thewlis1080.2N/A
Majority 15,45531.9+23.3
Turnout 48,41865.9−8.0
Labour hold Swing +12.7

Elections in the 2010s

General election 2019: Tynemouth [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Alan Campbell 26,928 48.0 Decrease2.svg 9.0
Conservative Lewis Bartoli22,07139.4Increase2.svg 2.9
Liberal Democrats John Appleby3,7916.8Increase2.svg 3.0
Brexit Party Ed Punchard1,9633.5New
Green Julia Erskine1,2812.3Increase2.svg 1.2
Majority 4,8578.6Decrease2.svg 12.9
Turnout 56,03472.5Decrease2.svg 2.0
Labour hold Swing Decrease2.svg 5.9
General election 2017: Tynemouth [17]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Alan Campbell 32,395 57.0 Increase2.svg 8.8
Conservative Nick Varley20,72936.5Increase2.svg 3.7
Liberal Democrats John Appleby1,7243.0Steady2.svg
UKIP Stuart Haughton1,2572.2Decrease2.svg 10.0
Green Julia Erskine [18] 6291.1Decrease2.svg 2.7
Independent Anthony "The Durham Cobbler" Jull1240.2New
Majority 11,66620.5Increase2.svg 4.1
Turnout 56,85874.5Increase2.svg 5.5
Labour hold Swing Increase2.svg 2.6
General election 2015: Tynemouth [19]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Alan Campbell 25,791 48.2 Increase2.svg 2.9
Conservative Glenn Hall [20] 17,55132.8Decrease2.svg 1.6
UKIP Gary Legg [21] 6,54112.2Increase2.svg 10.5
Green Julia Erskine [22] 2,0173.8Increase2.svg 2.8
Liberal Democrats John Paton-Day [23] 1,5953.0Decrease2.svg 11.9
Majority 8,24015.4Increase2.svg 4.5
Turnout 53,49569.0Decrease2.svg 0.6
Labour hold Swing Increase2.svg 2.3

For the 2010 election, this was the primary target seat for the Conservatives in North East England following impressive local council victories since 2006 and the recent marginality of Alan Campbell's 2005 re-election.

General election 2010: Tynemouth [24] [25]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Alan Campbell 23,860 45.3 Decrease2.svg 3.0
Conservative Wendy Morton 18,12134.4Decrease2.svg 2.2
Liberal Democrats John Appleby7,84514.9Decrease2.svg 0.2
BNP Dorothy Brooke1,4042.7New
UKIP Natasha Payne9001.7New
Green Julia Erskine5381.0New
Majority 5,73910.9Increase2.svg 1.2
Turnout 52,66869.6Increase2.svg 3.6
Labour hold Swing Decrease2.svg 0.4

Elections in the 2000s

Michael McIntyre was councillor for the Whitley Bay Ward at the time of polling. The Conservatives hoped to snatch the seat, but could only diminish Alan Campbell's majority. In the Mayoral election held on the same day, Mayor Linda Arkley (Conservative) narrowly lost re-election.

General election 2005: Tynemouth [26]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Alan Campbell 20,143 47.0 Decrease2.svg 6.2
Conservative Michael McIntyre16,00037.3Increase2.svg 3.8
Liberal Democrats Colin Finlay6,71615.7Increase2.svg 4.1
Majority 4,1439.7Decrease2.svg10.0
Turnout 42,85966.9Decrease2.svg 0.5
Labour hold Swing Decrease2.svg 5.0

Labour MP Alan Campbell was returned in 2001 with a smaller majority during Tony Blair's second landslide.

General election 2001: Tynemouth [27]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Alan Campbell 23,364 53.2 Decrease2.svg 2.2
Conservative Karl Poulsen14,68633.5Increase2.svg 0.2
Liberal Democrats Penny Reid5,10811.6Increase2.svg 2.8
UKIP Michael Rollings7451.7Increase2.svg 0.8
Majority 8,67819.7Decrease2.svg2.4
Turnout 43,90367.4Decrease2.svg 9.7
Labour hold Swing -1.2

Elections in the 1990s

In 1997 Labour won the seat for the first time since 1945. The Conservatives chose Gateshead Councillor Martin Callanan as their candidate to replace the retiring Neville Trotter. He would subsequently become a North East MEP and later a peer and government minister.

General election 1997: Tynemouth [28]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Alan Campbell 28,318 55.4 Increase2.svg 10.4
Conservative Martin Callanan 17,04533.3Decrease2.svg 12.7
Liberal Democrats Andrew Duffield4,5098.8Increase2.svg 0.7
Referendum Clive Rook8191.6New
UKIP Frank Rogers4620.9New
Majority 11,27322.1N/A
Turnout 51,15377.11Decrease2.svg 3.3
Labour gain from Conservative Swing Increase2.svg 11.5

In 1992 Neville Trotter narrowly won his final term as the Labour candidate's fourth attempt failed. Many council seats were also unexpectedly won on the back of John Major's victory such as Whitley Bay and Monkseaton.

General election 1992: Tynemouth [29] [30]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Neville Trotter 27,731 46.0 Increase2.svg 2.8
Labour Patrick Cosgrove27,13445.0Increase2.svg 6.2
Liberal Democrats Philip Selby4,8558.1Decrease2.svg 9.9
Green Andrew Buchanan-Smith5430.9New
Majority 5971.0Decrease2.svg 3.4
Turnout 60,26380.4Increase2.svg 2.3
Conservative hold Swing Decrease2.svg 1.7

Elections in the 1980s

General election 1987: Tynemouth [31]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Neville Trotter 25,113 43.2 Decrease2.svg 4.9
Labour Patrick Cosgrove22,53038.8Increase2.svg 7.5
Liberal David Mayhew10,44618.0Decrease2.svg 2.1
Majority 2,5834.4Decrease2.svg 12.8
Turnout 58,08978.1Increase2.svg 3.5
Conservative hold Swing Decrease2.svg 6.42

The 1983 election saw Neville Trotter's biggest majority after a landslide victory won by Margaret Thatcher.

General election 1983: Tynemouth [32]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Neville Trotter 27,029 48.1 Decrease2.svg 3.5
Labour Patrick Cosgrove17,42031.3Decrease2.svg 7.2
Liberal David Mayhew11,15320.1Increase2.svg 10.3
Majority 9,60917.2Increase2.svg 4.2
Turnout 55.60274.6Decrease2.svg 3.1
Conservative hold Swing Increase2.svg 2.0

Elections in the 1970s

1979: Patrick 'Paddy' Cosgrove's first of four attempts to win the seat. Cosgrove was the Labour councillor for Whitley Bay Ward.

General election 1979: Tynemouth
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Neville Trotter 29,94151.57
Labour Patrick Cosgrove [n 3] 22,37738.55
Liberal R. Pinkney5,7369.88
Majority 7,56413.02
Turnout 58,05477.69
Conservative hold Swing
General election October 1974: Tynemouth
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Neville Trotter 24,51043.16
Labour J. Miller21,38937.66
Liberal Rodney Turner10,89519.18
Majority 3,1215.50
Turnout 56,79474.29
Conservative hold Swing

February 1974: Neville Trotter, a Newcastle City Councillor and Chartered Accountant, became MP.

General election February 1974: Tynemouth
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Neville Trotter 26,82444.22
Labour David Carlton20,43733.69
Liberal Rodney Turner13,39322.08
Majority 6,38710.53
Turnout 60,65480.02
Conservative hold Swing

Jeremy Beecham would later become leader of Newcastle City Council and a Peer.

General election 1970: Tynemouth
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Irene Ward 30,77351.36
Labour Jeremy Beecham 23,92739.93
Liberal Rodney Turner5,2218.71New
Majority 6,84611.43
Turnout 59,92175.85
Conservative hold Swing

Elections in the 1960s

1966: Gordon Adam would latterly become a North East MEP and make a failed bid to become Mayor of North Tyneside in 2001.

General election 1966: Tynemouth
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Irene Ward 29,21049.62
Labour Gordon Adam 25,81443.85
IndependentJames C. Edwards3,8466.53New
Majority 3,3965.77
Turnout 58,87078.45
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1964: Tynemouth
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Irene Ward 33,34256.29
Labour Albert Booth 25,89443.71
Majority 7,44812.58
Turnout 59,23678.96
Conservative hold Swing

Elections in the 1950s

General election 1959: Tynemouth
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Irene Ward 32,81056.37
Labour William H. Hutchinson18,86632.42
Liberal David N. Thompson6,52511.21
Majority 13,99423.95
Turnout 58,20180.53
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1955: Tynemouth
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Irene Ward 30,94955.12
Labour James Finegan20,11335.82
Liberal Roy Cairncross5,0829.05New
Majority 10,83619.30
Turnout 56,14479.35
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1951: Tynemouth
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Irene Ward 33,80056.39
Labour Grace Colman 26,14443.61
Majority 7,65612.78
Turnout 59,94484.54
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1950: Tynemouth
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Irene Ward 28,78549.30
Labour Grace Colman 23,14839.65
Liberal E.B. Slack6,45211.05
Majority 5,6379.65
Turnout 58,38584.01
Conservative gain from Labour Swing

Elections in the 1940s

General election 1945: Tynemouth
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Grace Colman 13,96346.07
Conservative Alexander Russell 10,88435.91
Liberal Kenneth Paterson Chitty5,46018.02
Majority 3,07910.16N/A
Turnout 30,30776.85
Labour gain from Conservative Swing

Elections in the 1930s

General election 1935: Tynemouth
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Alexander Russell 16,003 47.1 Decrease2.svg 4.7
Labour Samuel Segal 10,14529.8Increase2.svg 6.0
Liberal John Stanley Holmes7,86823.1Decrease2.svg 1.3
Majority 5,85817.3Decrease2.svg 10.1
Turnout 34,01679.22Decrease2.svg 4.9
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1931: Tynemouth
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Alexander Russell 17,607 51.8 Increase2.svg 14.8
Liberal John Stanley Holmes8,29524.4Decrease2.svg 8.7
Labour T.H. Knight8,11023.8Decrease2.svg 6.1
Majority 9,31227.38Increase2.svg 23.5
Turnout 34,01284.15Increase2.svg 0.8
Conservative hold Swing

Elections in the 1920s

General election 1929: Tynemouth
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist Alexander Russell 11,785 37.0 Decrease2.svg 8.2
Liberal Richard Irvin10,54533.1Increase2.svg 5.7
Labour John Stuart Barr9,50329.9Increase2.svg 2.5
Majority 1,2403.9Decrease2.svg 13.9
Turnout 31,83383.3Decrease2.svg 1.3
Unionist hold Swing Decrease2.svg 7.0
General election 1924: Tynemouth
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist Alexander Russell 11,210 45.2 Increase2.svg 4.2
Liberal Harry Barnes 6,82027.4Decrease2.svg 10.9
Labour John Stuart Barr6,81827.4Increase2.svg 6.7
Majority 4,39017.8Increase2.svg 15.1
Turnout 24,84884.6Increase2.svg 3.5
Unionist hold Swing Increase2.svg 7.5
Harry Barnes 1922 Harry Barnes.jpg
Harry Barnes
General election 1923: Tynemouth
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist Alexander Russell 9,612 41.0 Decrease2.svg 7.1
Liberal Harry Barnes 9,00838.3Increase2.svg 9.3
Labour W. Pitt4,87520.7Decrease2.svg 2.2
Majority 6042.7Decrease2.svg 16.4
Turnout 23,49581.1Decrease2.svg 2.4
Unionist hold Swing Decrease2.svg 8.2
General election 1922: Tynemouth [33]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist Alexander Russell 11,244 48.1 Increase2.svg 13.4
Liberal Herbert Craig 6,78729.0Decrease2.svg 3.2
Labour George Harold Humphrey5,36222.9Increase2.svg 7.7
Majority 4,45719.1Increase2.svg 16.6
Turnout 23,39383.5Increase2.svg 19.7
Unionist hold Swing Increase2.svg 8.4

Elections in the 1910s

Craig Herbert James Craig.jpg
Craig
General election 1918: Tynemouth [33]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
C Unionist Charles Percy 5,88334.7Decrease2.svg 14.2
Liberal Herbert Craig 5,43432.2Decrease2.svg 18.9
Independent Labour George Harold Humphrey2,56615.2New
Independent Henry Gregg (British politician)2,49514.8New
National Dixon Scott5173.1New
Majority 4492.5N/A
Turnout 16,89563.8Decrease2.svg 15.6
Unionist gain from Liberal Swing Increase2.svg 2.4
Cindicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.

1918: Dixon Scott was the founder of Newcastle's 'News Cinema', the modern 'Tyneside Cinema'.

General election December 1910: Tynemouth [34]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Herbert Craig 4,106 51.1 Decrease2.svg 1.8
Conservative Charles Percy3,93948.9Increase2.svg 1.8
Majority 1772.2Decrease2.svg 3.6
Turnout 8,04579.4Decrease2.svg 3.9
Registered electors 10,122
Liberal hold Swing Decrease2.svg 1.8
General election January 1910: Tynemouth [34]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Herbert Craig 4,487 52.9 Decrease2.svg 2.0
Conservative Edward George Spencer-Churchill [35] 3,99347.1Increase2.svg 2.0
Majority 4945.8Decrease2.svg 4.0
Turnout 8,48083.3Decrease2.svg 3.3
Registered electors 10,122
Liberal hold Swing Decrease2.svg 2.0

Elections in the 1900s

Herbert Craig Herbert Craig.jpg
Herbert Craig
General election January 1906: Tynemouth [34]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Herbert Craig 4,286 54.9 Increase2.svg 8.0
Conservative Frederick Leverton Harris 3,52245.1Decrease2.svg 8.0
Majority 7649.8N/A
Turnout 7,80886.6Increase2.svg 4.6
Registered electors 9,019
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing Increase2.svg 8.0
General election 1900: Tynemouth [34]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Frederick Leverton Harris [36] 3,501 53.1 Increase2.svg 1.4
Liberal F.D. Blake3,09446.9Decrease2.svg 1.4
Majority 4076.2Increase2.svg 2.8
Turnout 6,59582.0Increase2.svg 2.0
Registered electors 8,041
Conservative hold Swing Increase2.svg 1.4

Elections in the 1890s

General election 1895: Tynemouth [34]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Richard Donkin 3,168 51.7 Decrease2.svg 1.2
Liberal Francis Blake [37] 2,95948.3Increase2.svg 1.2
Majority 2093.4Decrease2.svg 2.4
Turnout 6,12780.0Decrease2.svg 0.9
Registered electors 7,659
Conservative hold Swing Decrease2.svg 1.2
James Annand James Annand 0001.jpg
James Annand
General election 1892: Tynemouth [34]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Richard Donkin 3,121 52.9 Decrease2.svg 2.2
Liberal James Annand 2,78347.1Increase2.svg 2.2
Majority 3385.8Decrease2.svg 4.4
Turnout 5,90480.9Increase2.svg 4.8
Registered electors 7,300
Conservative hold Swing Decrease2.svg 2.2

Elections in the 1880s

General election 1886: Tynemouth [34]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Richard Donkin 2,795 55.1 Decrease2.svg 2.1
Liberal William Thomas Raymond [38] 2,27744.9Increase2.svg 2.1
Majority 51810.2Decrease2.svg 4.2
Turnout 5,07276.1Decrease2.svg 3.3
Registered electors 6,669
Conservative hold Swing Decrease2.svg 2.1
General election 1885: Tynemouth [34]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Richard Donkin 3,027 57.2
Liberal Joseph Spence [39] 2,26942.8
Majority 75814.4
Turnout 5,29679.4
Registered electors 6,669
Conservative win (new seat)

See also

Notes

  1. A borough constituency (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer)
  2. As with all constituencies, the constituency elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.
  3. Cosgrove was a Whitley Bay councillor and leading North East barrister

References

  1. "The 2023 Review of Parliamentary Constituency Boundaries in England – Volume two: Constituency names, designations and composition – North East". Boundary Commission for England. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
  2. "Representation of the People Act 1832". vLex. S-IV. Retrieved 14 September 2022.
  3. 1 2 Britain, Great (1832). The Statutes of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Passed in the ... [1807-69]. His Majesty's statute and law Printers. p. 353.
  4. 1 2 Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "T" (part 2)
  5. 1 2 Fraser, Hugh (1918). The Representation of the people act, 1918 : with explanatory notes. University of California Libraries. London : Sweet and Maxwell. p. 459.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)
  6. "HMSO Boundary Commission 1832 North Shields".
  7. Craig, Fred W. S. (1972). Boundaries of parliamentary constituencies 1885-1972;. Chichester: Political Reference Publications. pp. 82, 140. ISBN   0-900178-09-4. OCLC   539011.
  8. "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1983" (PDF). p. 62.
  9. "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1995". In the County of Northumberland.
  10. "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 2007". In Northumberland.
  11. "The Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023". Schedule 1 Part 4 North East region.
  12. LGBCE. "North Tyneside | LGBCE". www.lgbce.org.uk. Retrieved 17 January 2025.
  13. "Seat Details - Tynemouth". www.electoralcalculus.co.uk. Retrieved 17 January 2025.
  14. Unemployment claimants by constituency The Guardian
  15. Tynemouth
  16. "Tynemouth Parliamentary constituency". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved 24 November 2019.
  17. "Tynemouth". BBC News. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
  18. "North Tyneside Borough Green Party". www.facebook.com.
  19. "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  20. "Tunbridge Wells councillor to stand for Parliament - 320 miles away". 2 September 2014.
  21. "UK Polling Report". ukpollingreport.co.uk.
  22. "North Tyneside Green Party". Archived from the original on 15 April 2013.
  23. "List of selected candidates". Liberal Democrats. 4 March 2015. Retrieved 14 March 2015.
  24. "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  25. "North Tyneside Council: Website unavailable". www.northtyneside.gov.uk.
  26. "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  27. "Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  28. "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  29. "Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  30. "Politics Resources". Election 1992. Politics Resources. 9 April 1992. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
  31. "Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  32. "Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  33. 1 2 British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
  34. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Craig, FWS, ed. (1974). British Parliamentary Election Results: 1885-1918. London: Macmillan Press. ISBN   9781349022984.
  35. Gwynne, Howell Arthur. "Captain Edward George Spencer-Churchill" . Retrieved 15 October 2017.
  36. Frederick Leverton-Harris (1864–1926) Obituary in The Times, Tuesday, 16 November 1926; pg. 16; Issue 44430; col B
  37. "The Representation of Tynemouth". Shields Daily Gazette . 10 April 1895. p. 3. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
  38. "Borough Tynemouth Parliamentary Election" . Shields Daily News. 23 June 1886. p. 2. Retrieved 14 December 2017 via British Newspaper Archive.
  39. "Mr Joseph Spence for Tynemouth" . Shields Daily Gazette. 9 October 1885. p. 3. Retrieved 14 December 2017 via British Newspaper Archive.

55°02′N1°28′W / 55.03°N 1.46°W / 55.03; -1.46