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32 of the 96 seats in the U.S. Senate (as well as special elections) 49 seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Results including special elections Democratic gains Republican gains Democratic holds Republican holds | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The United States Senate elections of 1916 were elections that coincided with the re-election of Democratic President Woodrow Wilson. Republicans gained a net pick-up of one seat from the Democrats. A 1916 special election gave Republicans a second seat.
Thomas Woodrow Wilson was an American statesman and academic who served as the 28th president of the United States from 1913 to 1921. A member of the Democratic Party, Wilson served as the president of Princeton University and as the 34th governor of New Jersey before winning the 1912 presidential election. As president, he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933. He also led the United States during World War I, establishing an activist foreign policy known as "Wilsonianism."
Majority Party: Democratic (54 seats)
Minority Party: Republican (42 seats)
Other Parties: 0
Total Seats: 96
Republicans picked up seven seats:
Joseph Irwin France was a Republican member of the United States Senate, representing the State of Maryland from 1917 to 1923.
William Musgrave Calder I was an American politician from New York.
Howard Sutherland was an American politician. He was a Republican who represented West Virginia in both houses of the United States Congress.
Democrats picked up five seats:
Josiah Oliver Wolcott was an American lawyer, politician and judge, from Dover, in Kent County, Delaware. He was a member of the Democratic Party, who served as Attorney General of Delaware, U.S. Senator from Delaware, and Chancellor of Delaware.
Andrieus Aristieus Jones was a Democratic Party politician from New Mexico who represented the state in the United States Senate from 1917 until his death.
Peter Goelet Gerry was an American lawyer and politician who served in the United States House of Representatives and later, as a U.S. Senator from Rhode Island. He is the only U.S. Senator to lose re-election and later reclaim his Senate seat from the person who had defeated him.
At the beginning of 1916.
D1 | D2 | D3 | D4 | D5 | D6 | D7 | D8 | ||
D18 | D17 | D16 | D15 | D14 | D13 | D12 | D11 | D10 | D9 |
D19 | D20 | D21 | D22 | D23 | D24 | D25 | D26 | D27 | D28 |
D38 | D37 | D36 | D35 | D34 | D33 | D32 | D31 | D30 | D29 |
D39 | D40 Ran | D41 Ran | D42 Ran | D43 Ran | D44 Ran | D45 Ran | D46 Ran | D47 Ran | D48 Ran |
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Majority → | D49 Ran | ||||||||
R39 Retired | R40 Retired | D56 Retired | D55 Ran | D54 Ran | D53 Ran | D52 Ran | D51 Ran | D50 Ran | |
R38 Retired | R37 Ran | R36 Ran | R35 Ran | R34 Ran | R33 Ran | R32 Ran | R31 Ran | R30 Ran | R29 Ran |
R19 | R20 | R21 | R22 | R23 | R24 | R25 | R26 Ran | R27 Ran | R28 Ran |
R18 | R17 | R16 | R15 | R14 | R13 | R12 | R11 | R10 | R9 |
R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | R5 | R6 | R7 | R8 |
D1 | D2 | D3 | D4 | D5 | D6 | D7 | D8 | ||
D18 | D17 | D16 | D15 | D14 | D13 | D12 | D11 | D10 | D9 |
D19 | D20 | D21 | D22 | D23 | D24 | D25 | D26 | D27 | D28 |
D38 | D37 | D36 | D35 | D34 | D33 | D32 | D31 | D30 | D29 |
D38 | D40 Re-elected | D41 Re-elected | D42 Re-elected | D43 Re-elected | D44 Re-elected | D45 Re-elected | D46 Re-elected | D47 Re-elected | D48 Re-elected |
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Majority → | D49 Hold | ||||||||
R39 Gain | R40 Gain | R41 Gain | D55 Gain | D54 Gain | D53 Gain | D52 Gain | D51 Gain | D50 Hold | |
R38 Gain | R37 Gain | R36 Gain | R35 Hold | R34 Hold | R33 Hold | R32 Re-elected | R31 Re-elected | R30 Re-elected | R29 Re-elected |
R19 | R20 | R21 | R22 | R23 | R24 | R25 | R26 Re-elected | R27 Re-elected | R28 Re-elected |
R18 | R17 | R16 | R15 | R14 | R13 | R12 | R11 | R10 | R9 |
R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | R5 | R6 | R7 | R8 |
D1 | D2 | D3 | D4 | D5 | D6 | D7 | D8 | ||
D18 | D17 | D16 | D15 | D14 | D13 | D12 | D11 | D10 | D9 |
D19 | D20 | D21 | D22 | D23 | D24 | D25 | D26 | D27 | D28 |
D38 | D37 | D36 | D35 | D34 | D33 | D32 | D31 | D30 | D29 |
D39 | D40 | D41 | D42 | D43 | D44 | D45 | D46 | D47 | D48 |
Majority → | D49 | ||||||||
R39 | R40 | R41 Hold | R42 Gain | D54 Hold | D53 | D52 | D51 | D50 | |
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R38 | R37 | R36 | R35 | R34 | R33 | R32 | R31 | R30 | R29 |
R19 | R20 | R21 | R22 | R23 | R24 | R25 | R26 | R27 | R28 |
R18 | R17 | R16 | R15 | R14 | R13 | R12 | R11 | R10 | R9 |
R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | R5 | R6 | R7 | R8 |
Key: |
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In these special elections, the winner was seated during 1916 or before March 4, 1917; ordered by election date.
State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
Maine (Class 2) | Edwin C. Burleigh | Republican | 1913 | Incumbent died June 16, 1916. A new senator elected September 11, 1916. Republican hold. | √ Bert M. Fernald (Republican), 54.28% Kenneth C.M. Sills (Democratic), 45.49% Frederick Shepherd (Prohibition), 0.23% [1] |
Arkansas (Class 3) | James Paul Clarke | Democratic | 1903 1909 1915 | Incumbent died October 1, 1916. Winner elected November 7, 1916. [2] Democratic hold. | √ William F. Kirby (Democratic), 69.27% H. L. Remmel (Republican), 30.73% |
Indiana (Class 3) | Thomas Taggart | Democratic | 1916 (Appointed) | Interim appointee lost election to finish term. Winner elected November 7, 1916. [3] Republican gain. | √ James Eli Watson (Republican), 47.66% Thomas Taggart (Democratic), 46.29% Edward Henry (Socialist), 3.08% William H. Hickman (Prohibition), 2.29% John F. Clifford (Progressive), 0.68% |
In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1917; ordered by state.
All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.
State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
Arizona | Henry F. Ashurst | Democratic | 1912 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Henry F. Ashurst (Democratic), 55.36% Joseph Henry Kibbey (Republican), 39.4% W. S. Bradford (Socialist), 5.24% [4] |
California | John D. Works | Republican | 1911 | Incumbent retired. New senator elected. [5] Republican hold. | √ Hiram Johnson (Republican), 61.09% George S. Patton, Sr. (Democratic), 29.54% Walter Thomas Mills (Socialist), 5.25% Marshall Atwood (Prohibition), 4.12% |
Connecticut | George P. McLean | Republican | 1911 | Incumbent re-elected. [6] | √ George P. McLean (Republican), 50.17% Homer Stille Cummings (Democratic), 46.24% Martin Plunkett (Socialist), 2.48% Wilbur Manchester (Prohibition), 0.83% Otto Ruckser (Socialist Labor), 0.29% |
Delaware | Henry A. du Pont | Republican | 1906 (Special) 1911 | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. [7] Democratic gain. | √ Josiah O. Wolcott (Democratic), 49.67% Henry A. du Pont (Republican), 44.77% Hiram A. Burton (Progressive), 4.61% William C. Ferris (Socialist), 0.96% |
Florida | Nathan P. Bryan | Democratic | 1911 (Appointed) 1911 (Special) | Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. [8] Democratic hold. | √ Park Trammell (Democratic), 82.86% William O'Neal (Republican), 12.45% R. L. Goodwin (Socialist), 4.69% |
Indiana | John W. Kern | Democratic | 1911 | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. [9] Republican gain. | √ Harry Stewart New (Republican), 47.77% John W. Kern (Democratic), 46.14% Joseph Zimmerman (Socialist), 3.06% Elwood Haynes (Prohibition), 2.21% John N. Dyer (Progressive), 0.61% Ira Decker (Socialist Labor), 0.22% |
Maine | Charles Fletcher Johnson | Democratic | 1910 | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected September 11, 1916. [10] Republican gain. | √ Frederick Hale (Republican), 52.72% Charles Fletcher Johnson (Democratic), 46.09% James F. Carey (Socialist), 1% Arthur C. Jackson (Prohibition), 0.19% |
Maryland | Blair Lee I | Democratic | 1913 (Special) | Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. [11] [12] Republican gain. | √ Joseph I. France (Republican), 49.32% David John Lewis (Democratic), 47.62% James Frizzell (Prohibition), 1.44% Sylvester Young (Socialist), 1.12% Frank Lang (Labor), 0.5% |
Massachusetts | Henry Cabot Lodge | Republican | 1893 1899 1905 1911 | Incumbent re-elected. [13] | √ Henry Cabot Lodge (Republican), 51.68% John F. Fitzgerald (Democratic), 45.31% William N. McDonald (Socialist), 3.01% |
Michigan | Charles E. Townsend | Republican | 1910 | Incumbent re-elected. [13] | √ Charles E. Townsend (Republican), 56.34% Lawrence Price (Democratic), 39.85% E. O. Foss (Socialist), 2.41% John Y. Johnston (Prohibition), 1.17% Herman Richter (Socialist Labor), 0.14% |
Minnesota | Moses E. Clapp | Republican | 1901 (Special) 1905 1911 | Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. [14] [15] Republican hold. | √ Frank B. Kellogg (Republican), 48.58% Daniel Lawler (Democratic), 30.84% Willis Calderwood (Prohibition), 20.58% |
Mississippi | John Sharp Williams | Democratic | 1908 (Early) | Incumbent re-elected. [16] | √ John Sharp Williams (Democratic), Unopposed |
Missouri | James A. Reed | Democratic | 1910 | Incumbent re-elected. [17] | √ James A. Reed (Democratic), 50.56% Walter S. Dickey (Republican), 47.44% Kate Richards O'Hare (Socialist), 1.87% Joseph Scheidler (Socialist Labor), 0.12% |
Montana | Henry L. Myers | Democratic | 1911 | Incumbent re-elected. [18] | √ Henry L. Myers (Democratic), 51.06% Charles Nelson Pray (Republican), 43.40% Henry La Beau (Socialist), 5.54% |
Nebraska | Gilbert Hitchcock | Democratic | 1911 | Incumbent re-elected. [19] | √ Gilbert Hitchcock (Democratic), 49.98% John L. Kennedy (Republican), 45.88% E. E. Olmstead (Socialist), 2.59% D. B. Gilbert (Prohibition), 1.55% |
Nevada | Key Pittman | Democratic | 1913 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. [20] | √ Key Pittman (Democratic), 38.81% Samuel Platt (Republican), 32.28% Ashley G. Miller (Socialist), 28.91% |
New Jersey | James Edgar Martine | Democratic | 1911 | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. [21] Republican gain. | √ Joseph S. Frelinghuysen (Republican), 55.99% James Edgar Martine (Democratic), 38.9% William C. Doughty (Socialist), 3.06% Livingston Barbour (Prohibition), 1.64% Rudolph Katz (Socialist Labor), 0.42% |
New Mexico | Thomas B. Catron | Republican | 1912 | Incumbent retired. New senator elected. [22] Democratic gain. | √ Andrieus A. Jones (Democratic), 51.01% Frank Hubbell (Republican), 45.95% W. P. Metcalf (Socialist), 3.04% |
New York | James Aloysius O'Gorman | Democratic | 1911 | Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Republican gain. | √ William M. Calder (Republican), 54.32% William F. McCombs (Democratic), 39.22% Joseph D. Cannon (Socialist), 3.96% D. Leigh Colvin (Prohibition), 1.25% Bainbridge Colby (Progressive), 0.99% August Gillhaus (Socialist Labor), 0.26% |
North Dakota | Porter J. McCumber | Republican | 1911 | Incumbent re-elected. [23] | √ Porter J. McCumber (Republican), 53.85% John Burke (Democratic), 38.24% E. R. Fry (Socialist), 7.91% |
Ohio | Atlee Pomerene | Democratic | 1911 | Incumbent re-elected. [24] | √ Atlee Pomerene (Democratic), 49.26% Myron T. Herrick (Republican), 46.15% Charles Ruthenberg (Socialist), 3.29% Aaron S. Watkins (Prohibition), 1.04% Jacob S. Coxey, Sr. (Independent), 0.26% |
Pennsylvania | George T. Oliver | Republican | 1909 (Special) 1911 | Incumbent retired. New senator elected. [25] Republican hold. | √ Philander C. Knox (Republican), 56.31% Ellis Orvis (Democratic), 37.25% Charles Ervin (Socialist), 3.76% Herbert T. Ames (Prohibition), 2.49% Robert C. Macauley (Single Tax), 0.12% |
Rhode Island | Henry F. Lippitt | Republican | 1910 | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. [26] Democratic gain. | √ Peter G. Gerry (Democratic), 52.94% Henry F. Lippitt (Republican), 44.12% Frederick Hurst (Socialist), 2.25% Frank J. Sibley (Prohibition), 0.51% Peter McDermott (Socialist Labor), 0.19% |
Tennessee | Luke Lea | Democratic | 1911 | Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. [25] Democratic hold. | √ Kenneth McKellar (Democratic), 54.42% Ben W. Hooper (Republican), 44.75% H. H. Mangum (Socialist), 0.83% |
Texas | Charles Allen Culberson | Democratic | 1899 1905 1911 | Incumbent re-elected. [27] | √ Charles Allen Culberson (Democratic), 81.3% Alex Atcheson (Republican), 13.09% F. A. Hickey (Socialist), 4.99% F. H. Combeau (Prohibition), 0.62% |
Utah | George Sutherland | Republican | 1905 1911 | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. [28] Democratic gain. | √ William H. King (Democratic), 56.92% George Sutherland (Republican), 39.93% Christian Poulson (Socialist), 3.16% |
Vermont | Carroll S. Page | Republican | 1908 (Special) 1910 | Incumbent re-elected. [29] | √ Carroll S. Page (Republican), 74.41% Oscar C. Miller (Democratic), 23.5% Norman Greenslet (Socialist), 2.1% |
Virginia | Claude A. Swanson | Democratic | 1910 (Appointed) 1911 (Appointed) 1912 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. [30] | √ Claude A. Swanson (Democratic) Unopposed |
Washington | Miles Poindexter | Republican | 1910 | Incumbent re-elected. [31] | √ Miles Poindexter (Republican), 55.39% George Turner (Democratic), 37.06% Bruce Rogers (Socialist), 5.95% Joseph Campbell (Prohibition), 1.21% Walter J. Thompson (Progressive), 0.4% |
West Virginia | William E. Chilton | Democratic | 1911 | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. [32] Republican gain. | √ Howard Sutherland (Republican), 50.14% William E. Chilton (Democratic), 48.17% G. A. Gneiser (Socialist), 1.7% |
Wisconsin | Robert M. La Follette, Sr. | Republican | 1905 1911 | Incumbent re-elected. [33] | √ Robert M. La Follette, Sr. (Republican), 59.23% William F. Wolfe (Democratic), 31.9% Richard Elsner (Socialist), 6.85% Charles L. Hill (Prohibition), 2.02% |
Wyoming | Clarence D. Clark | Republican | 1911 | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. [34] Democratic gain. | √ John B. Kendrick (Democratic), 51.47% Clarence D. Clark (Republican), 45.47% Paul Paulsen (Socialist), 2.61% Arthur B. Campbell (Prohibition), 0.45% |
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