1157

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	11th century 12th century 13th century
Decades:	1130s 1140s 1150s 1160s 1170s
Years:	1154 1155 1156 1157 1158 1159 1160

1157 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	1157 MCLVII
Ab urbe condita	1910
Armenian calendar	606 ԹՎ ՈԶ
Assyrian calendar	5907
Balinese saka calendar	1078–1079
Bengali calendar	564
Berber calendar	2107
English Regnal year	3  Hen. 2  – 4  Hen. 2
Buddhist calendar	1701
Burmese calendar	519
Byzantine calendar	6665–6666
Chinese calendar	丙子年 (Fire  Rat) 3854 or 3647     — to — 丁丑年 (Fire  Ox) 3855 or 3648
Coptic calendar	873–874
Discordian calendar	2323
Ethiopian calendar	1149–1150
Hebrew calendar	4917–4918
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1213–1214
- Shaka Samvat	1078–1079
- Kali Yuga	4257–4258
Holocene calendar	11157
Igbo calendar	157–158
Iranian calendar	535–536
Islamic calendar	551–552
Japanese calendar	Hōgen 2 (保元２年)
Javanese calendar	1063–1064
Julian calendar	1157 MCLVII
Korean calendar	3490
Minguo calendar	755 before ROC 民前755年
Nanakshahi calendar	−311
Seleucid era	1468/1469 AG
Thai solar calendar	1699–1700
Tibetan calendar	阳火鼠年 (male Fire-Rat) 1283 or 902 or 130     — to — 阴火牛年 (female Fire-Ox) 1284 or 903 or 131

Year 1157 ( MCLVII ) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.

Events

• January 12–March 16 – Caliph Al-Muqtafi successfully defends Baghdad against the coalition forces of Sultan Muhammad of Hamadan, and Atabeg Qutb-adin of Mosul. ^[1]
• Albert I of Brandenburg begins his ruthless program to pacify the Slavic region. ^[2]
• June 11 – Albert I of Brandenburg, also called The Bear (Ger: Albrecht der Bär), becomes the founder of the Margraviate of Brandenburg, Germany and the first Margrave. ^[3]
• July – Henry II launches a campaign against Owain Gwynedd in north Wales. ^[4] Although Owain defeats him at the Battle of Ewloe ^[5] he eventually submits to Henry and pays homage. ^[6]
• August 12 – The 1157 Hama earthquake takes place after a year of foreshocks. Its name is taken from the city of Hama, in west-central Syria (then under Seljuk rule), where the most casualties are sustained. ^[7]
• August 21 – Sancho III and Ferdinand II, the sons of King Alfonso VII of Castile, divide his kingdom between them upon his death. ^[8]
• October 23 – Battle of Grathe Heath: A civil war in Denmark ends with the death of King Sweyn III. Valdemar I of Denmark becomes king of all Denmark, and restores and rebuilds the country. ^[9]
• Henry II of England grants special trading privileges to the Hansa merchants of Cologne in London who lend him money at interest. ^[10]
• Henry II of England grants a charter to the merchants of Lincoln (approximate date). ^[11]
• Nur ad-Din Zengi besieges the Knights Hospitaller in the crusader fortress of Banyas, routs a relief army led by King Baldwin III of Jerusalem, and takes Grand Master Bertrand de Blanquefort prisoner. ^[12]

Births

Tomoe Gozen

• September 8 – King Richard I of England (d. 1199) ^[13]
• Alexander Neckham, English scholar, teacher, theologian and abbot of Cirencester Abbey (d. 1217) ^[14]
• Leopold V of Austria, Duke of Austria from 1177 and Duke of Styria from 1192 until his death (d. 1194) ^[15]
• Margaret of France, Queen of England and Hungary, Queen of England by marriage to Henry the Young King and queen of Hungary and Croatia by marriage to Béla III of Hungary (d. 1197) ^[16]
• Tomoe Gozen, female Samurai warrior and military leader (d. 1247)

Deaths

• January 24 or January 25 – Agnes of Babenberg, Politically active High Duchess consort of Poland (b. 1111) ^[17]
• May 8 – Ahmed Sanjar, Great Seljuk Sultan (b. 1084 or 1086) ^[18]
• May 15 – Yury Dolgoruky, Russian prince (b. c. 1099) ^[19]
• August 21 – King Alfonso VII of Castile (b. 1105) ^[20]
• October 23 – King Sweyn III of Denmark (b.c. 1125) (in battle) ^[21]
• date unknown – King Eystein II of Norway (b.c. 1125) ^[22]

References

1. Syed, Muzaffar Husain; Akhtar, Syed Saud; Usmani, B. D. (2011). Concise History of Islam. New Delhi: Vij Books India Pvt Ltd. p. 56. ISBN   9789382573470.
2. Loud, Graham A.; Staub, Martial (2017). The Making of Medieval History. Suffolk and Rochester, NY: Boydell & Brewer. p. 168. ISBN   9781903153703.
3. Partenheimer, Luiz (2017). "A Success Story: Brandenburg in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries". In Loud, Graham A.; Schenk, Jochen (eds.). The Origins of the German Principalities, 1100-1350: Essays by German Historians. London and New York: Taylor & Francis. pp. 298–301. ISBN   9781317022008.
4. Amt, Emilie (1993). The Accession of Henry II in England: Royal Government Restored, 1149–1159. Boydell Press. p. 28. ISBN   0851153488 . Retrieved December 17, 2007.
5. Venning, Timothy (2013). The Kings & Queens of Wales. Stroud: Amberley Publishing. ISBN   9781445615776.
6. Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. ISBN   0-7126-5616-2.
7. Ambraseys, Nicholas N. (2004). "The 12th century seismic paroxysm in the Middle East: a historical perspective" (PDF). Annals of Geophysics. 47 (2–3). Istituto Nazionale Geofisica e Vulcanologia: 733, 738, 745, 750. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022.
8. Reilly, Bernard F. (1998). The Kingdom of León-Castilla Under King Alfonso VII, 1126-1157. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 136. ISBN   9780812234527.
9. Kohn, George C. (2007) [1986]. Dictionary of Wars. New York: Infobase Publishing. p. 154. ISBN   9781438129167.
10. Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN   0-304-35730-8.
11. Holt, Richard (2000). "Society and Population 600 - 1300". In Palliser, D. M.; Clark, Peter; Daunton, Martin J. (eds.). The Cambridge Urban History of Britain. Vol. 600–1540. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 88. ISBN   9780521444613.
12. Fulton, Michael S. (2018). Artillery in the Era of the Crusades: Siege Warfare and the Development of Trebuchet Technology. History of Warfare. Vol. 122. Leiden, Boston: BRILL. p. 124. ISBN   9789004376922.
13. Howlett, Richard (2012). Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry II, and Richard I. Vol. 2. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. xlii. ISBN   9781108052276.
14. Magill, Frank N. (2012) [1998]. Dictionary of World Biography. Vol. 2: The Middle Ages. London and New York: Routledge. p. 663. ISBN   9781136593130.
15. Loud, G. A. (2010). The Crusade of Frederick Barbarossa: The History of the Expedition of the Emperor Frederick and Related Texts. Farnham and Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 35. ISBN   9781472413963.
16. Huffman Jr., Domer J. (2016). Direct Ancestors of Domer J. Huffman, Jr: & D.J.'s Odds & Ends. Pittsburgh, PA: Dorrance Publishing. p. 295. ISBN   9781480926899.
17. Weis, Frederick Lewis (2002) [1950]. Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists who Came to America Before 1700: The Lineage of Alfred the Great, Charlemagne, Malcolm of Scotland, Robert the Strong, and Some of Their Descendants (Seventh ed.). Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Com. p. 129. ISBN   9780806313672.
18. Bauer, Susan Wise (2013). "Chapter Nineteen: Foreign Relations". The History of the Renaissance World: From the Rediscovery of Aristotle to the Conquest of Constantinople. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. p. 134. ISBN   9780393240672.
19. Krattli, Edward C. (2014). Dowling, Timothy C. (ed.). Russia at War: From the Mongol Conquest to Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Beyond. Vol. I: A - M. Santa Barbara, CA, Denver, CO and Oxford: ABC-CLIO. p. 250. ISBN   9781598849486.
20. Flood, Timothy M. (2019). "Chapter 8. The Division of Leon-Castille and the Decline of the Almohads: 1157 - 1214". Rulers and Realms in Medieval Iberia, 711–1492. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 109. ISBN   9781476633725.
21. Woodward, Bernard Bolingbroke; Cates, William Leist Readwin (1872). Encyclopaedia of Chronology: Historical and Biographical. London: Lee and Shepard. p. 418.
22. Wise, Leonard F.; Hansen, Mark Hillary; Egan, E. W. (2005) [1967]. Kings, Rulers, and Statesmen. New York: Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. p. 218. ISBN   9781402725920.