1247

1247 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	1247 MCCXLVII
Ab urbe condita	2000
Armenian calendar	696 ԹՎ ՈՂԶ
Assyrian calendar	5997
Balinese saka calendar	1168–1169
Bengali calendar	653–654
Berber calendar	2197
English Regnal year	31  Hen. 3  – 32  Hen. 3
Buddhist calendar	1791
Burmese calendar	609
Byzantine calendar	6755–6756
Chinese calendar	丙午年 (Fire  Horse) 3944 or 3737     — to — 丁未年 (Fire  Goat) 3945 or 3738
Coptic calendar	963–964
Discordian calendar	2413
Ethiopian calendar	1239–1240
Hebrew calendar	5007–5008
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1303–1304
- Shaka Samvat	1168–1169
- Kali Yuga	4347–4348
Holocene calendar	11247
Igbo calendar	247–248
Iranian calendar	625–626
Islamic calendar	644–645
Japanese calendar	Kangen 5 / Hōji 1 (宝治元年)
Javanese calendar	1156–1157
Julian calendar	1247 MCCXLVII
Korean calendar	3580
Minguo calendar	665 before ROC 民前665年
Nanakshahi calendar	−221
Thai solar calendar	1789–1790
Tibetan calendar	阳火马年 (male Fire-Horse) 1373 or 992 or 220     — to — 阴火羊年 (female Fire-Goat) 1374 or 993 or 221

King James I of Aragon (above) during a council led by the bishop of Huesca.

Year 1247 ( MCCXLVII ) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Europe

• War of the Thuringian Succession: The claims on the Ludovingians' inheritance after the death of Henry Raspe, landgrave of Thuringia, leads to a dispute over the succession territories of Thuringia and Hesse, between his niece Sophie of Thuringia and her cousin Henry III ("the Illustrious"), who claim the territories as fiefs of the Electorate of Mainz.
• Rome becomes 2,000 years old.
• July 2 – King Béla IV grants territories to the Knights Hospitaller in the Banate of Severin and Hungarian Cumania (according to a document called the Diploma of the Joannites), makes an early mention of Litovoi and other Vlach/Romanian local rulers, in Wallachia and Transylvania.
• Summer – Siege of Seville: Castilian forces under King Ferdinand III ("the Saint") begin to besiege Seville, the city is isolated and Ramón de Bonifaz sails with 13 galleys up the Guadalquivir River to scatter some 40 smaller Almohad ships trying to oppose him (with many destroyed). ^[1]
• December 1 – A rebellion arises among the Muslim subjects in the region of Valencia. As a punishment, King James I of Aragon ("the Conqueror"), issues an order of expulsion of the Muslims from his realm, leading numerous people into exile in Andalusia and North Africa. ^[2]

Levant

• June 17 – Egyptian forces under Sultan As-Salih Ayyub capture Tiberias and his castle. Mount Tabor and Belvoir Castle are occupied soon afterward. Next, Ayyub moves his army to siege Ascalon – which is defended by a garrison of Knights Hospitaller. They summon the help from Acre and Cyprus. ^[3]
• Summer – King Henry I ("the Fat") sends a Cypriot squadron of 8 galleys with 100 knights led by Baldwin of Ibelin, to Acre. With the support of the Italian colonists, they fitted out 7 more galleys and some 50 lighter ships, to relieve the siege at Ascalon – which is now blockaded by the Egyptian fleet. ^[4]
• The Egyptian fleet (some 20 galleys) confronts the Crusader ships led by Baldwin of Ibelin at Ascalon. But before contact is made, it is caught in a sudden Mediterranean storm. Many of the Muslim ships are driven ashore and wrecked; the survivors sail back to Egypt.
• October 15 – Egyptian forces under As-Salih Ayyub capture Ascalon by surprise – while a battering-ram forces a passageway under the walls right into the citadel. Most of the defenders are massacred, and the remainder of the garrison is taken prisoner. ^[5]

British Isles

• Battle of Ballyshannon: Norman forces under Maurice FitzGerald defeat a Gaelic army near Ballyshannon in northern Ireland. After the battle, the entire country of Donegal is devastated and plundered by the Normans.
• The Bethlem Royal Hospital is founded in London during the reign of King Henry III.
• Romford (located within Greater London) is chartered as a market town.

Asia

• The Hōjō clan under Hōjō Tokiyori destroys the Miura family; and in so doing, the clan consolidates its authority as regents in Japan.

By topic

Mathematics

• Qin Jiushao, Chinese mathematician, writes the Mathematical Treatise in Nine Sections .

Medicine

• Song Ci publishes the Collected Cases of Injustice Rectified , a book considered to be the first monographic work on forensic medicine.

Births

• Angelo da Clareno, Italian priest and religious leader (d. 1337)
• Isabelle of Luxembourg, countess of Flanders (d. 1298)
• John II Avesnes, count of Hainaut and Holland (d. 1304)
• John of Montecorvino, Italian diplomat and bishop (d. 1328)
• Philippe de Rémi, French official and seneschal (d. 1296)
• Rashid al-Din, Persian statesman and historian (d. 1318)
• Robert FitzWalter, English nobleman and knight (d. 1326)
• Todros ben Judah Halevi Abulafia, Castilian Jewish poet
• Yishan Yining, Chinese monk and calligrapher (d. 1317)
• Yolande II of Nevers, French noblewoman (d. 1280)

Deaths

• February 12 – Ermesinde, countess of Luxembourg (b. 1186)
• February 16 – Henry Raspe, landgrave of Thuringia (b. 1204)
• February 25 – Henry IV, duke of Limburg (House of Limburg)
• May 9 – Richard de Bures, French knight and Grand Master
• June 10 – Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada, Spanish bishop (b. 1170)
• July 8 – Mōri Suemitsu, Japanese nobleman and samurai (b. 1202)
• August 31 – Konrad I of Masovia, Polish nobleman (House of Piast)
• November 5 – Ogasawara Nagatsune, Japanese samurai (b. 1179)
• December 21 – Roger of Salisbury, bishop of Bath and Wells
• December 24 – Shōkū, Japanese Buddhist disciple (b. 1177)
• unknown date– Śārṅgadeva, Indian scholar, musicologist and writer (b. 1175) ^[6]
• probable– William de Ferrers, 4th Earl of Derby, English nobleman and knight (b. 1168) ^[7]

References

1. Joseph F. O'Callaghan (2004). Reconquest and crusade in Medieval Spain, pp. 113–116. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN   978-0-8122-1889-3.
2. de Epalza, Miguel (1999). Negotiating cultures: bilingual surrender treaties in Muslim-Crusader Spain under James the Conqueror. Brill. p. 108. ISBN   90-04-11244-8.
3. Irwin, Robert (1986). The Middle East in the Middle Ages: The Early Mamluk Sultanate, 1250–1382, p. 19. Southern Illinois University Press/Croom Helm. ISBN   1-5974-0466-7.
4. Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre, p. 191. ISBN   978-0-241-29877-0.
5. Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre, p. 192. ISBN   978-0-241-29877-0.
6. Mohan Lal (1992). Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: Sasay to Zorgot. Sahitya Akademi. p. 3987. ISBN   978-81-260-1221-3.
7.  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain :  Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Ferrers". Encyclopædia Britannica . Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 286.