1150s

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The 1150s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1150, and ended on December 31, 1159.

Contents

Events

1150

This section is transcluded from 1150. (edit | history)

By place

Byzantine Empire
Levant
Europe
England
Asia

By topic

Religion

1151

This section is transcluded from 1151. (edit | history)

1152

This section is transcluded from 1152. (edit | history)

By place

Levant
  • Spring – King Baldwin III and his mother, Queen Melisende, are called to intervene in a dispute between Baldwin's aunt Hodierna and her husband Raymond II, count of Tripoli. Hodierna decides to take a long holiday, and travels to Jerusalem, while Raymond escorts her out on the road southwards. On the way back to Tripoli, a group of Assassins stabs him to death at the southern gate of the city. The garrison rushes to arms and pours into the streets, slaying every Muslim in their way, but the Assassins manage to escape; the motive of their act is never known. [23]
  • Baldwin III demands more authority and blames Manasses, ruler of Ramla, for interfering with his legal succession as ruler of Jerusalem. He demands a second coronation from Patriarch Fulcher separated from Melisende. Fulcher refuses, and as a kind of self-coronation Baldwin parades through the city streets with laurel wreaths on his head. Before the High Court ( Haute Cour ) the decision is made to divide the kingdom into two districts.
  • Baldwin III begins a civil war against Melisende and launches an invasion in the south. He captures the castle of Mirabel, which is defended by Manasses. Baldwin spares his life and is exiled, Nablus thereupon surrenders soon after. Melisende seeks refuge in the Tower of David with her younger son, the 16-year-old Amalric. Baldwin enters Jerusalem, he allows his mother to retain Nablus and the neighbourhood as her dower. [24]
  • Summer – Nur al-Din, Seljuk ruler ( atabeg ) of Aleppo, re-captures most of Crusader territory in the Orontes Valley – reducing the Principality of Antioch to little more than a narrow coastal strip along the Mediterranean. The County of Tripoli remains unchanged and Jerusalem remains a potential threat with ambitions to expand eastward, while also striving to dominate the Fatimid Caliphate in Egypt. [25]
Europe
England
  • April 6 – King Stephen has his nobles swear fealty to his son Eustace, as the rightful heir of the English throne. Theobald, archbishop of Canterbury, and other bishops refuse to crown Eustace favouring Henry of Anjou to claim the throne instead. Stephen confiscates their property and Theobald is forced into exile in Flanders.
  • Stephen besieges Newbury Castle and holds the young William as a hostage to ensure that his father, John Marshal, keeps his promise to surrender the castle. When John refuses to comply, Stephen threatened to nave the young boy catapulted over the walls. After this, William remains a crown hostage for many months. [27]
Africa
Mesoamerica

By topic

Religion

1153

This section is transcluded from 1153. (edit | history)

By place

Byzantine Empire
Levant
England
  • Spring – The 19-year-old Henry of Anjou lands with a Norman fleet (some 40 ships) on the south coast of England. He defeats King Stephen (a cousin of his mother, Queen Matilda) with a small army at Malmesbury. Henry travels north through the Midlands, while a temporary truce is accepted. Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester, announces his support for the cause. Hoping to dethrone Stephen and replace him with Matilda. [29]
  • May 24 – King David I dies after a 29-year reign at Carlisle Castle. He is succeeded by his grandson, the 12-year-old Malcolm IV (Virgo). Malcolm is the eldest son of Henry, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon, who is crowned as ruler of Scotland at Scone Priory on May 27. Because of his young age, Donnchad (or Duncan) becomes Malcolm's regent and royal adviser. [30]
  • August – Stephen assemble troops to renew the siege of Wallingford Castle in a final attempt to take the stronghold. Henry of Anjou marches south to relieve the siege, arriving with a small army of mercenaries. He places Stephen's besieging troops under siege themselves. Stephen agrees to make a truce and accepts Henry as heir to the English throne. [31]
  • November 6 – The Treaty of Wallingford: Henry of Anjou and Stephen ratifies the terms of a permanent peace under the direction of Archbishop Theobald of Bec. Ending the civil war (The Anarchy) – between England and Normandy after 18-years. The treaty grants the throne to Stephen for the duration of his life, but makes Henry the heir apparent. [32]
Europe
Asia
Africa

By topic

Demography
Religion

1154

This section is transcluded from 1154. (edit | history)

By place

Levant
  • April 18 – Nur al-Din, Seljuk ruler ( atabeg ) of Aleppo, encamps before Damascus and overthrows Mujir al-Din by force with support of the Jewish citizens, who open the eastern gate to the bulk of his army. Mujir flees to the citadel, but capitulates after only a few hours. He is offered his life and the Emirate of Homs. A few weeks later Mujir is suspected of plotting with old friends in Damascus and is exiled to Baghdad. Damascus is annexed to Zangid territory and all of Syria is unified under the authority of Nur al-Din, from Edessa in the north to the Hauran to the south. [36]
  • Nur al-Din establishes the Al-Nuri Hospital in Damascus. The hospital has outpatient consulting rooms, a conference room, prayer hall, vestibules and bathrooms. [37]
Europe
Africa
England

By topic

Art and Culture
Religion

1155

This section is transcluded from 1155. (edit | history)

By place

Europe
England
Asia

By topic

Religion

1156

This section is transcluded from 1156. (edit | history)

By place

Levant
  • Spring – Raynald of Châtillon, prince of Antioch, makes an alliance with Thoros II (the Great), ruler of Armenian Cilicia. He invades Cyprus and conducts a widespread plundering of the Byzantine island. [46] The Crusaders and the Armenian forces march up and down the island robbing and pillaging every building, church and convent as well as shops and private houses. The crops are burnt; the herds are rounded up – together with all the population – and driven down to the coast. The massacre lasts about three weeks, on the rumor of a Byzantine fleet in the offing, Raynald gives the order for embarkation. The Crusader ships are loaded with booty, and every Cypriot is forced to ransom himself. [47]
Europe
The murder of St. Henry by Lalli, painting by Karl Anders Ekman (1854) Henrik Lalli Ekman.JPG
The murder of St. Henry by Lalli , painting by Karl Anders Ekman (1854)
Africa
  • The independent city-state Sfax revolts against Norman occupation. Almohad forces conquer the city and massacre the Christian citizens. [49]
Asia

By topic

Art and Science

1157

This section is transcluded from 1157. (edit | history)

1158

This section is transcluded from 1158. (edit | history)

By place

Byzantine Empire
  • Autumn – Emperor Manuel I (Komnenos) sets out from Constantinople at the head of a expeditionary army. He marches to Cillicia; and while the main army follows the coast road eastwards – Manuel hurries ahead with a force of only 500 cavalry. He manages to surprise King Thoros II (the Great), who has participated in the attack on Cyprus (see 1156). Thoros flees into the mountains and Cilicia is occupied by the Byzantines. [58]
Europe
England
Asia

By topic

Economy
Education
Religion

1159

This section is transcluded from 1159. (edit | history)

Significant people

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Related Research Articles

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Year 1154 (MCLIV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.

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Year 1152 (MCLII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.

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Year 1156 (MCLVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.

The 1110s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1110, and ended on December 31, 1119.

1224 Calendar year

Year 1224 (MCCXXIV) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar.

1232 Calendar year

Year 1232 (MCCXXXII) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.

1248 Calendar year

Year 1248 (MCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.

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Year 1153 (MCLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.

The 1210s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1210, and ended on December 31, 1219.

The 1270s is the decade starting January 1, 1270, and ending December 31, 1279.

1106 Calendar year

Year 1106 (MCVI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar.

1253 Calendar year

Year 1253 (MCCLIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.

1254 Calendar year

Year 1254 (MCCLIV) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.

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References

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  25. ↑ David Nicolle (2011). Osprey - Command 12: Saladin, p. 6. ISBN   978-1-84908-317-1.
  26. ↑ King John by Warren. Published by the University of California Press in 1961. p. 21
  27. ↑ Amstrong, Catherine. "John fitz Gilbert; the Marshal". Castles of Wales. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
  28. ↑ Picard, Christophe (1997). La mer et les musulmans d'Occident VIIIe-XIIIe siècle. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
  29. ↑ Bradbury, Jim (2009). Stephen and Matilda: The Civil War of 1139–53, p. 180. Stroud, UK: The History Press. ISBN   978-0-7509-3793-1.
  30. ↑ Duncan, A.A.M. (2002). The Kingship of the Scots 842–1292: Succession and Independence, p. 71. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh. ISBN   0-7486-1626-8.
  31. ↑ Bradbury, Jim (2009). Stephen and Matilda: The Civil War of 1139–53, p. 183. Stroud, UK: The History Press. ISBN   978-0-7509-3793-1.
  32. ↑ Warren, W. L. (1961). King John. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 21.
  33. ↑ Williams, John B. (1997). "The making of a crusade: the Genoese anti-Muslim attacks in Spain 1146–1148". Journal of Medieval History. 23 (1): 29–53. doi:10.1016/s0304-4181(96)00022-x.
  34. ↑ Abulafia, David (1985). The Norman kingdom of Africa and the Norman expeditions to Majorca and the Muslim Mediterranean. Woodbridge: Boydell Press. ISBN   978-0-85115-416-9.
  35. ↑ Geography at about.com
  36. ↑ Steven Runciman (1952). A History of the Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 278. ISBN   978-0-241-29876-3.
  37. ↑ "Al-Nuri hospital, in Damascus 1154". Archived from the original on November 7, 2011. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
  38. ↑ Andrew Roberts (2008). Great Commanders of the Medieval World (454–1582), p. 130. ISBN   978-0-85738-589-5.
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  42. ↑ White, Graeme J. (2000). Restoration and Reform, 1153–1165: Recovery From Civil War in England, p. 5. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN   978-0-521-55459-6.
  43. ↑ Matthew, Donald (1992). The Norman kingdom of Sicily. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 228. ISBN   0-521-26911-3.
  44. ↑ Kleinhenz, Christopher (2010). Medieval Italy: an encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. p. 95. ISBN   978-0-415-93930-0.
  45. ↑ Catholic Encyclopedia, General Chronology (Beginning of the Year).
  46. ↑ Ghazarian, Jacob G. (2000). The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia during the Crusades: The Integration of Cilician Armenians with the Latins (1080–1393. Routledge Curzon (Taylor & Francis Group), 2000, Abingdon. ISBN   0-7007-1418-9.
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  48. ↑ Kleinhenz, Christopher (2010). Medieval Italy: an encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. p. 95. ISBN   978-0-415-93930-0.
  49. ↑ Bresc, Henri (2003). "La Sicile et l'espace libyen au Moyen Age" (PDF). Retrieved 17 January 2012.{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
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  56. ↑ Holt, Richard (2000). "Society and Population 600 - 1300". In Palliser, D. M.; Clark, Peter; Daunton, Martin J. (eds.). The Cambridge Urban History of Britain. Vol. 600–1540. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 88. ISBN   9780521444613.
  57. ↑ Venning, Timothy (2013). The Kings & Queens of Wales. Stroud, UK: Amberley Publishing Limited. ISBN   9781445615776.
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  59. ↑ Comyn, Robert (1851). History of the Western Empire, from its Restoration by Charlemagne to the Accession of Charles V, p. 236–38.
  60. ↑ Estow, Clara (1982). "The Economic Development of the Order of Calatrava, 1158–1366". Speculum. 57 (2): 267–291. doi:10.2307/2847457. JSTOR   2847457. S2CID   164086223.
  61. ↑ Picard, Christophe (2000). Le Portugal musulman (VIIIe-XIIIe siècle. L'Occident d'al-Andalus sous domination islamique. Paris: Maisonneuve & Larose. p. 110. ISBN   2-7068-1398-9.
  62. ↑ King John by Warren. Published by University of California Press in 1961. p. 27.
  63. ↑ Barlow, Frank (April 1936). "The English, Norman, and French Councils Called to Deal with the Papal Schism of 1159". The English Historical Review. 51 (202): 264–268. doi:10.1093/ehr/LI.CCII.264. ISSN   0013-8266. JSTOR   553521. In September 1159 Pope Adrian IV died, and a double election was made to the Papacy. The imperialist faction chose Octavian, cardinal-priest of St. Cecilia, who took the title of Victor IV, and the church party Roland, the chancellor, who became known as Alexander III.
  64. ↑ Dolan, Terence (2002) [1999]. "Chapter 8: Writing in Ireland". In Wallace, David (ed.). The Cambridge History of Medieval English Literature. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 208. ISBN   9780521890465.
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  67. ↑ Matsunami, Yoshihiro (1979). "Conflict within the Development of Buddhism". Japanese Journal of Religious Studies. 6 (1/2): 329–345. doi: 10.18874/jjrs.6.1-2.1979.329-345 . ISSN   0304-1042. JSTOR   30233204. Wars, beginning with the Hogen rebellion of 1156 and the Heiji rebellion of 1159, occurred in rapid succession, bringing confusion and chaos to the people.
  68. ↑ Selinger, Vyjayanthi R. (2013). "Chapter 1: Genpei Jōsuiki and the Historical Narration of the Genpei War". Authorizing the Shogunate: Ritual and Material Symbolism in the Literary Construction of Warrior Order. Leiden, Boston: BRILL. p. 1. ISBN   9789004255333.
  69. ↑ Abels, Richard Philip; Bachrach, Bernard S. (2001). The Normans and Their Adversaries at War: Essays in Memory of C. Warren Hollister. Woodbridge, UK, Rochester, NY: Boydell & Brewer. p. 99. ISBN   9780851158471.
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  72. ↑ Tout, Thomas Frederick (1920). Chapters in the Administrative History of Mediaeval England: The Wardrobe, the Chamber and the Small Seals. Vol. 1. Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press. p. 88.
  73. ↑ Abbey, Chatteris (1999). The Cartulary of Chatteris Abbey. Woodbridge, UK and Rochester, NY: Boydell Press. p. 29. ISBN   9780851157504.
  74. ↑ Karn, Nicholas (2007). "Nigel, bishop of Ely, and the restoration of the exchequer after the 'anarchy' of King Stephen's reign*". Historical Research. 80 (209): 299–314. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2281.2006.00392.x. ISSN   1468-2281. The author of the Liber Eliensis indicates that Richard was appointed in 1159, during the preparations for the Toulouse campaign
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