1183

1183 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	1183 MCLXXXIII
Ab urbe condita	1936
Armenian calendar	632 ԹՎ ՈԼԲ
Assyrian calendar	5933
Balinese saka calendar	1104–1105
Bengali calendar	589–590
Berber calendar	2133
English Regnal year	29  Hen. 2  – 30  Hen. 2
Buddhist calendar	1727
Burmese calendar	545
Byzantine calendar	6691–6692
Chinese calendar	壬寅年 (Water  Tiger) 3880 or 3673     — to — 癸卯年 (Water  Rabbit) 3881 or 3674
Coptic calendar	899–900
Discordian calendar	2349
Ethiopian calendar	1175–1176
Hebrew calendar	4943–4944
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1239–1240
- Shaka Samvat	1104–1105
- Kali Yuga	4283–4284
Holocene calendar	11183
Igbo calendar	183–184
Iranian calendar	561–562
Islamic calendar	578–579
Japanese calendar	Juei 2 (寿永２年)
Javanese calendar	1090–1091
Julian calendar	1183 MCLXXXIII
Korean calendar	3516
Minguo calendar	729 before ROC 民前729年
Nanakshahi calendar	−285
Seleucid era	1494/1495 AG
Thai solar calendar	1725–1726
Tibetan calendar	ཆུ་ཕོ་སྟག་ལོ་ (male Water-Tiger) 1309 or 928 or 156     — to — ཆུ་མོ་ཡོས་ལོ་ (female Water-Hare) 1310 or 929 or 157

Year 1183 ( MCLXXXIII ) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.

Events

By area

Byzantine Empire

• Alexios II is compelled to condemn his own mother to death. In September, Andronikos Komenos is formally proclaimed Byzantine Emperor before the crowd on the terrace of the Church of Christ of the Chalke. By the end of the month, Andronikos Komenos orders Alexios' assassination; the young emperor is strangled in secret with a bow-string and his body thrown in the Bósporos. ^{[1] [2]}
• Andronikos I marries Alexios' widow, the 11-year-old Agnes of France.

• November – Andronikos makes a treaty with Venice, in which he promises a yearly indemnity as compensation for Venetian losses, during the Massacre of the Latins. ^[3]

Europe

• June 25 – The Peace of Constance is signed, between Frederick Barbarossa and the Lombard League, forming the legal basis for the autonomy of the Italian city republics. ^{[4] [5] [6]}
• Joseph of Exeter writes the first account of a sport resembling cricket. ^[7]

Asia

Japan

• Three-year-old Emperor Go-Toba ascends to the throne of Japan, after the forced abdication of his brother Emperor Antoku, during the Genpei War. ^{[8] [9] [10]}
• August 14 – Taira no Munemori and the Taira clan take the young Emperor Antoku and the three sacred treasures, and flee to western Japan to escape pursuit by the Minamoto clan (traditional Japanese date: Twenty-fifth Day of the Seventh Month of the Second Year of Juei). ^{[11] [12]}
• November 17 – Battle of Mizushima: The Taira Clan defeats the Minamoto Clan. ^{[13] [14]}

Near East

• February – Raynald of Châtillon has at least five ships freighted over the Isthmus of Suez, which he then uses to pillage the shores of the Red Sea around Jeddah.
• William of Tyre is excommunicated by the newly appointed Heraclius of Jerusalem, firmly ending their struggle for power. ^{[15] [16]}
• The Siege of Kerak is waged between the Ayyubids and the Crusaders, in which regent Guy of Lusignan refuses to fight. ^{[17] [18]}
• Saladin conquers Syria and becomes sultan. ^{[19] [20]}

Births

• Chagatai Khan, second son of Genghis Khan, Khan of the Chagatai Khanate (d. 1241 or 1242) ^{[21] [22]}
• Philippa of Armenia, empress consort of Nicaea

Deaths

• June 11 – Henry the Young King, son of Henry II of England (b. 1155) ^{[23] [24] [25]}
• October – Alexios II Komnenos, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1167) ^{[26] [27] [28]}
• November 23 – William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester (b. 1116) ^[29]
• Queen Gongye, Korean queen consort (b. 1109) ^{[30] [31]}

References

1. Eastmond, Antony (2016) [2004]. Art and Identity in Thirteenth-Century Byzantium: Hagia Sophia and the Empire of Trebizond. Birmingham Byzantine and Ottoman Monographs. Vol. 10. London and New York: Routledge. p. 157. ISBN   9781351957229.
2. Gregory, Timothy E. (2010) [2005]. A History of Byzantium (Second ed.). Malden, MA, Oxford and Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons. p. 309. ISBN   9781444359978.
3. Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 349. ISBN   978-0-241-29876-3.
4. Raccagni, Gianluca (June 1, 2016). "When the Emperor Submitted to his Rebellious Subjects: A Neglected and Innovative Legal Account of the Peace of Constance, 1183" (PDF). The English Historical Review. 131 (550): 519–539. doi:10.1093/ehr/cew173. ISSN   0013-8266. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022.
5. Sismondi, Jean-Charles-Léonard Simonde (1832). A History of the Italian Republics: Being a View of the Rise, Progress, and Fall of Italian Freedom. Philadelphia, PA: Carey & Lea. pp. 60–61.
6. Gillespie, Alexander (2016). The Causes of War. Vol. II: 1000 CE to 1400 CE. Oxford and Portland, OR: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 65. ISBN   9781782259541.
7. Das, Deb K. (November 22, 2000). "1300 YEARS of Cricket: 700 to 2000 AD". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved June 26, 2019. Joseph of Exeter, in 1183, gives the first complete description of this co-ed community activity. A ball is thrown at (and hit by) a batter wielding a staff which looks like today's baseball bat...the batter protects a piece of wood, perhaps a log or tree-stump, resting on a gate-like stand(could this be the origin of the term "stumps" in modern cricket?)...fielders are positioned all around, squires in front of the "wicket" and serfs behind...... This sport has clearly been going on for some time, and Joseph of Exeter calls it a "merrye" weekend recreation.
8. Göttler, Christine; Mochizuki, Mia (2017). The Nomadic Object: The Challenge of World for Early Modern Religious Art. Leiden, Boston: BRILL. p. 443. ISBN   9789004354500.
9. Brown, Delmer Myers; Ishida, Ichirō, eds. (1998) [1979]. The Clear Mirror: A Chronicle of the Japanese Court During the Kamakura Period (1185-1333). Berkeley, CA, Los Angeles & London: Stanford University Press. pp. 31–32. ISBN   9780804763882.
10. Brower, Robert H. (1972). ""Ex-Emperor Go-Toba's Secret Teachings": Go-Toba no in Gokuden". Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies. 32: 5–70. doi:10.2307/2718867. ISSN   0073-0548. JSTOR   2718867.
11. Henshall, Kenneth (2014). Historical Dictionary of Japan to 1945. Lanham, MA, Toronto, Plymouth, UK: Scarecrow Press. p. 96. ISBN   9780810878723.
12. Akiyama, Akira (December 11, 2018). "Relic or Icon? The Place and Function of Imperial Regalia*" . The Nomadic Object: 430–447. doi:10.1163/9789004354500_016. ISBN   9789004354500.
13. Turnbull, Stephen (2012) [2003]. Fighting Ships of the Far East. Vol. 2: Japan and Korea AD 612–1639. Oxford and New York: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 44. ISBN   9781782000433.
14. Turnbull, Stephen (2008). The Samurai Swordsman: Master of War. Barnsley, UK: Frontline Books. p. 28. ISBN   9781473817937.
15. Edbury, Peter W.; Rowe, John Gordon (1991) [1988]. William of Tyre: Historian of the Latin East. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press Archive. pp. 20–21. ISBN   9780521407281.
16. Mallett, A.; Thomas, D. (2011). "William Of Tyre". Christian-Muslim Relations. A Bibliographical History. Volume 3 (1050-1200). Brill. pp. 769–777. ISBN   978-90-04-21616-7.
17. Stevenson, W. B. (2012). The Crusaders in the East: A Brief History of the Wars of Islam with the Latins in Syria During the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 233–234. ISBN   9781107669093.
18. Tyerman, Christopher (2006). God's War: A New History of the Crusades. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. p. 363. ISBN   9780674023871.
19. Baedeker (Firm), Karl (1876). Palestine and Syria: Handbook for Travellers. London: K. Baedeker. p. 81.
20. Hamblin, William J. (2013). Shillington, Kevin (ed.). Encyclopedia of African History 3-Volume Set. Vol. I. New York, London: Routledge. p. 438. ISBN   9781135456702.
21. May, Timothy (2016). The Mongol Empire: A Historical Encyclopedia. Empires of the World. Vol. I. Santa Barbara, CA, Denver, CO and Oxford: ABC-CLIO. p. 134. ISBN   9781610693400.
22. Gamble, Ruth (2018). Reincarnation in Tibetan Buddhism: The Third Karmapa and the Invention of a Tradition. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. p. 93. ISBN   9780190690786.
23. Huscroft, Richard (2016). Tales From the Long Twelfth Century: The Rise and Fall of the Angevin Empire. New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press. p. 110. ISBN   9780300187281.
24. Strickland, Matthew (2016). Henry the Young King, 1155-1183. New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press. pp. 308–309. ISBN   9780300219555.
25. Henderson, George (1961). "Giraldus Cambrensis". Archaeological Journal. 118 (1): 175–179. doi:10.1080/00665983.1961.10854192. In June 1183 the young king died, and Henry no longer had four sons
26. Bauer, S. Wise (2013). The History of the Renaissance World: From the Rediscovery of Aristotle to the Conquest of Constantinople. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. p. 232. ISBN   9780393059762.
27. Eastmond, Antony (September 1, 1994). "An Intentional Error? Imperial Art and "Mis"-Interpretation under Andronikos I Komnenos". The Art Bulletin. 76 (3): 502–510. doi:10.1080/00043079.1994.10786600. ISSN   0004-3079. In 1183 Andronikos Komnenos became emperor of the Byzantine Empire by strangling his young predecessor, Alexios II.
28. Bucossi, Alessandra; Suarez, Alex Rodriguez (2016). John II Komnenos, Emperor of Byzantium: In the Shadow of Father and Son. London and New York: Routledge. p. 230. ISBN   9781317110712.
29. Weis, Frederick Lewis; Sheppard, Walter Lee; Beall, William Ryland; Beall, Kaleen E. (2004) [1950]. Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists who Came to America Before 1700: Lineages from Alfred the Great, Charlemagne, Malcolm of Scotland, Robert the Strong, and Other Historical Individuals (Eighth ed.). Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Company. p. 123. ISBN   9780806317526.
30. 공예태후 [Queen Gongye]. Encyclopedia of Korean Culture . Academy of Korean Studies. 2017.
31. 공예태후 [Queen Gongye]. Doosan Encyclopedia . Doosan Group.