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The 15th century was the century which spans the Julian calendar dates from 1 January 1401 to 31 December 1500 (MD).
The 1430s decade ran from January 1, 1430, to December 31, 1439.
Year 1465 (MCDLXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.
The 1460s decade ran from January 1, 1460, to December 31, 1469.
The 1470s decade ran from January 1, 1470, to December 31, 1479.
The 1480s decade ran from January 1, 1480, to December 31, 1489.
The 1450s decade ran from January 1, 1450, to December 31, 1459.
Year 1459 (MCDLIX) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar.
The 1420s decade ran from January 1, 1420, to December 31, 1429.
Year 1470 (MCDLXX) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar.
Edward IV was King of England from 4 March 1461 to 3 October 1470, then again from 11 April 1471 until his death in 1483. He was a central figure in the Wars of the Roses, a series of civil wars in England fought between the Yorkist and Lancastrian factions between 1455 and 1487.
The House of York was a cadet branch of the English royal House of Plantagenet. Three of its members became kings of England in the late 15th century. The House of York descended in the male line from Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York, the fourth surviving son of Edward III. In time, it also represented Edward III's senior line, when an heir of York married the heiress-descendant of Lionel, Duke of Clarence, Edward III's second surviving son. It is based on these descents that they claimed the English crown. Compared with its rival, the House of Lancaster, it had a superior claim to the throne of England according to cognatic primogeniture, but an inferior claim according to agnatic primogeniture. The reign of this dynasty ended with the death of Richard III of England at the Battle of Bosworth Field in 1485. It became extinct in the male line with the death of Edward Plantagenet, 17th Earl of Warwick, in 1499.
Jasper Tudor, Duke of Bedford was the uncle of King Henry VII of England and a leading architect of his nephew's successful accession to the throne in 1485. He was a member of the Tudor family of Penmynydd.
Thomas Grey, 1st Marquess of Dorset, 1st Earl of Huntingdon, 7th Baron Ferrers of Groby, was an English nobleman, courtier and the eldest son of Elizabeth Woodville and her first husband Sir John Grey of Groby. Her second marriage to King Edward IV made her Queen of England, thus elevating Grey's status at court and in the realm as the stepson of the King. Through his mother's endeavours, he made two materially advantageous marriages to wealthy heiresses, the King's niece Anne Holland and the King’s cousin, Cecily Bonville, 7th Baroness Harington. By the latter, he had 14 children.
Henry Beaufort, 3rd Duke of Somerset was an important Lancastrian military commander during the English Wars of the Roses. He is sometimes numbered the 2nd Duke of Somerset, because the title was re-created for his father after his uncle died. He also held the subsidiary titles of 5th Earl of Somerset, 2nd Marquess of Dorset and 2nd Earl of Dorset.
Anne of York, Duchess of Exeter, aka Anne Plantagenet, was the first child of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York, and Cecily Neville. She was thus the eldest sister of kings Edward IV (1461–1483) and Richard III (1483–1485) and their siblings Edmund, Earl of Rutland; Elizabeth of York, Duchess of Suffolk; Margaret, Duchess of Burgundy; and George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence.
Sir William Norreys was a famous Lancastrian soldier, and later an Esquire of the Body to King Edward IV.
Events from the 1460s in England.
Events from the 1470s in England.
The Wars of the Roses, known at the time and in following centuries as the Civil Wars, were a series of civil wars fought over control of the English throne from 1455 to 1487. The wars were fought between supporters of the House of Lancaster and House of York, two rival cadet branches of the royal House of Plantagenet. The conflict resulted in the end of Lancaster's male line in 1471, leaving the Tudor family to inherit their claim to the throne through the female line. Conflict was largely brought to an end upon the union of the two houses through marriage, creating the Tudor dynasty that would subsequently rule England.
References
- ↑ Peter Reid (2007). By Fire and Sword: The Rise and Fall of English Supremacy at Arms, 1314-1485. Constable. p. 398. ISBN 978-1-84529-526-4.
- ↑ Peter Burley; Michael Elliott; Harvey Watson (September 9, 2013). The Battles of St Albans. Pen and Sword. p. 150. ISBN 978-1-4738-1903-0.
- ↑ "Diego Hurtado de Mendoza y Figueroa". Real Academia de la Historia (in Spanish). Archived from the original on June 18, 2019. Retrieved June 18, 2019.
- ↑ Cullman, Peter Simonstein (2006). History of the Jewish Community of Schneidemühl: 1641 to the Holocaust. Avotaynu. p. 14. ISBN 9781886223271.
- ↑ Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. (May 1, 2008). Britannica Concise Encyclopedia. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. p. 376. ISBN 978-1-59339-492-9.