The House of Habsburg, also known as the House of Austria, was one of the most prominent and important dynasties in European history.
The 1490s decade ran from January 1, 1490, to December 31, 1499.
Year 1503 (MDIII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.
The 1480s decade ran from January 1, 1480, to December 31, 1489.
The 1450s decade ran from January 1, 1450, to December 31, 1459.
The 1310s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1310, and ended on December 31, 1319.
The 1500s ran from January 1, 1500, to December 31, 1509.
The 1510s decade ran from January 1, 1510, to December 31, 1519.
Year 1313 (MCCCXIII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar.
The 1390s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1390, and ended on December 31, 1399.
Year 1515 (MDXV) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar.
Year 1511 (MDXI) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.
Year 1508 (MDVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.
Year 1065 (MLXV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.
Charles V was Holy Roman Emperor and Archduke of Austria from 1519 to 1556, King of Spain from 1516 to 1556, and Lord of the Netherlands as titular Duke of Burgundy from 1506 to 1555. He was heir to and then head of the rising House of Habsburg. His dominions in Europe included the Holy Roman Empire, extending from Germany to northern Italy with rule over the Austrian hereditary lands and Burgundian Low Countries, and Spain with its possessions of the southern Italian kingdoms of Naples, Sicily and Sardinia. In the Americas, he oversaw the continuation of Spanish colonization and a short-lived German colonization. The personal union of the European and American territories he ruled was the first collection of realms labelled "the empire on which the sun never sets".
The House of Aviz, also known as the Joanine Dynasty, was a dynasty of Portuguese origin which flourished during the Renaissance and the period of the Portuguese discoveries, when Portugal expanded its power globally.
Eleanor of Austria, also called Eleanor of Castile, was born an Archduchess of Austria and Infanta of Castile from the House of Habsburg, and subsequently became Queen consort of Portugal (1518–1521) and of France (1530–1547). She also held the Duchy of Touraine (1547–1558) in dower. She is called "Leonor" in Spanish and Portuguese and "Éléonore" or "Aliénor" in French.
Habsburg Netherlands was the Renaissance period fiefs in the Low Countries held by the Holy Roman Empire's House of Habsburg. The rule began in 1482, when the last Valois-Burgundy ruler of the Netherlands, Mary, wife of Maximilian I of Austria, died. Their grandson, Emperor Charles V, was born in the Habsburg Netherlands and made Brussels one of his capitals.
Ferdinand II was King of Aragon from 1479 until his death in 1516. As the husband of and co-ruler with Queen Isabella I of Castile, he was also King of Castile from 1475 to 1504. He reigned jointly with Isabella over a dynastically unified Spain; together they are known as the Catholic Monarchs. Ferdinand is considered the de facto first king of Spain, and was described as such during his reign, even though, legally, Castile and Aragon remained two separate kingdoms until they were formally united by the Nueva Planta decrees issued between 1707 and 1716.
The order of precedence among European monarchies was a much-contested theme of European history, until it lost its salience following the Congress of Vienna in 1815.
