Related Research Articles
Eadweard Muybridge was an English photographer known for his pioneering work in photographic studies of motion, and early work in motion-picture projection.
Walter Benjamin Lantz was an American cartoonist, animator, producer and director best known for founding Walter Lantz Productions and creating Woody Woodpecker.
Rotoscoping is an animation technique that animators use to trace over motion picture footage, frame by frame, to produce realistic action. Originally, live-action movie images were projected onto a glass panel and traced onto paper. This projection equipment is referred to as a rotoscope, developed by Polish-American animator Max Fleischer. This device was eventually replaced by computers, but the process is still called rotoscoping.
The silent age of American animation dates back to at least 1906 when Vitagraph released Humorous Phases of Funny Faces. Although early animations were rudimentary, they rapidly became more sophisticated with such classics as Gertie the Dinosaur in 1914, Felix the Cat, Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, and Koko the Clown.
Vital Achille Raoul Barré was a Canadian cartoonist, animator of the silent film era, and painter. Initially known as a political cartoonist, he originated the French Canadian comic strip, then crossed over into animated film and started his own studio, a pioneering effort. As a painter, he is considered an Impressionist, evoking atmosphere and light with visible, choppy strokes of paint, whose paintings are in the Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec.
Walter Tetley was an American actor specializing in child impersonation during radio's classic era, with regular roles as Leroy Forrester on The Great Gildersleeve and Julius Abbruzzio on The Phil Harris-Alice Faye Show, as well as continuing as a voice-over artist in animated cartoons, commercials, and spoken-word record albums. He is perhaps best known as the voice of Sherman in the Jay Ward-Bill Scott Mr. Peabody TV cartoons.
Otto James Messmer was an American animator known for his work on the Felix the Cat cartoons and comic strip produced by the Pat Sullivan studio.
Patrick Peter Sullivan was an Australian cartoonist, pioneer animator, and film producer best known for producing the first Felix the Cat silent cartoons.
Bimbo is a fat, black and white cartoon pup created by Fleischer Studios. He is most well known for his role in the Betty Boop cartoon series, where he featured as Betty's main love interest. A precursor design of Bimbo, originally named Fitz, first appeared in the Out of the Inkwell series.
Reddy Kilowatt is a cartoon character that served as a corporate spokesman for electricity generation in the United States and other countries for over seven decades. Currently, the Reddy Kilowatt trademark is owned by Xcel Energy.
Thomas Augustin Palmer was an Italian-American animator, cartoon director, and U.S. training film supervisor. He was active in the animation industry throughout the 1920s and 1930s and was best known for his animation work at Walt Disney Productions. He spent a good chunk of his later career directing training films for the United States Army.
The Horse in Motion is a series of cabinet cards by Eadweard Muybridge, including six cards that each show a sequential series of six to twelve "automatic electro-photographs" depicting the movement of a horse. Muybridge shot the photographs in June 1878. An additional card reprinted the single image of the horse "Occident" trotting at high speed, which had previously been published by Muybridge in 1877.
Ashton Budd Collins Sr. was an American inventor and marketer. He was the creator of Reddy Kilowatt, a popular corporate trade symbol for the electric utility industry for much of the 20th century.
Events in 1912 in animation.
Animal Locomotion: An Electro-photographic Investigation of Consecutive Phases of Animal Movements is a series of scientific photographs by Eadweard Muybridge made in 1884 and 1885 at the University of Pennsylvania, to study motion in animals. Published in July 9, 1887, the chronophotographic series comprised 781 collotype plates, each containing up to 36 pictures of the different phases of a specific motion of one subject.
Events in 1902 in animation.
Events in 1893 in animation.
Events in 1887 in animation.
Events in 1884 in animation.
References
- ↑ Eadweard Muybridge (1899). E. Muybridge, Animals in motion. An electro-photographic investigation of consecutive phases of animal progressive movements, 1899. Mart - Archivio del '900. Chapman & Hall.
- ↑ "A new way of thinking about motion, movement, and the concept of time". Penn Today. University of Pennsylvania. 17 February 2020. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
- ↑ Brookman, Philip; Braun, Marta; Keller, Corey; Solnit, Rebecca (2010). Helios: Eadweard Muybridge in a Time of Change. Germany: Steidl. p. 83. ISBN 978-3-86521-926-8 . Retrieved 27 February 2022.
- ↑ "Eadweard Muybridge: Defining Modernities". Arts and Humanities Research Council, Kingston University, London. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
- ↑ "Motion Pictures: The Zoopraxiscope". Tate Museum. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
- ↑ "Pat Sullivan". lambiek.net. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ↑ Young, John. "Sullivan, Patrick Peter (Pat) (1885–1933)". Australian Dictionary of Biography . Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943 . Retrieved 24 September 2013.
- ↑ Dates per Pat Sullivan at the Lambiek Comiclopedia
- ↑ Kevin Scott Collier. The Animated Silent Charlie Chaplin Cartoons. Cartoon Research (20 May 2019).
- ↑ Felix the Cat | St. James Encyclopedia of Pop Culture | Find Articles at BNET at findarticles.com
- ↑ Jefferson City Post-Tribune (16 February 1933) "Pat Sullivan Dies"
- ↑ The Evening Tribune (16 February 1933) "'Felix' Creator Dies"
- ↑ Barrier, Michael (2003). Hollywood Cartoons: American Animation in Its Golden Age. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-516729-0.
- ↑ "Harry C. (Bud) Fisher, Creator Of 'Mutt and Jeff,' Is Dead at 69; He Began Famous Comic Strip 'Early in Century--Owned 'String of Thoroughbreds". The New York Times. September 8, 1954. (abstract) (subscription required)
- ↑ Fairy Tale Flappers: Animated Adaptations of Little Red and Cinderella (1922–1925)
- ↑ Lenburg, Jeff (1999). The Encyclopedia of Animated Cartoons. Checkmark Books. pp. 37–39. ISBN 0-8160-3831-7 . Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ↑ {{cite book|title=Alumni directory of Yale University: graduates and non-graduates|date=1920|publisher=Yale University|location=New Haven|page=521|url=https://archive.org/details/alumnidirectoryo00yalerich%7Caccess-date=18 August 2015
- ↑ Nichols, Kelii (December 15, 2005). "O'BRIEN, Willis – Cartoon Hall of Fame". ASIFA-Hollywood . Retrieved February 2, 2012.
- ↑ Archer, Steve. Willis O'Brien: Special Effects Genius. McFarland & Company: Jefferson, 1993.
- ↑ "Reddy Kilowatt records". National Museum of American History . Retrieved 3 June 2022.
- ↑ The Walter Lantz Cartune Encyclopedia: Miscellaneous Cartunes - http://lantz.goldenagecartoons.com/misc/ Archived 2011-05-14 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Reddy Kilowatt, Inc., The Reddy Kilowatt Story, 1963.
- ↑ Reddy Kilowatt, Inc., Appellant, v. Mid-carolina Electric Cooperative, Inc., and National Ruralelectric Cooperative Association, Inc., Appellees, Decided Jan. 7, 1957 -http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/240/282/119473/
- ↑ The Heritage Encyclopedia of Band Music: Composers and Their Music, Volume 2 By William H. Rehrig, Paul E. Bierley
- ↑ Boxoffice magazine, June 3, 1944, pg. 66
- ↑ ClassicThemes.com, http://www.classicthemes.com/50sTVThemes/themePages/crusaderRabbit.html