Chinatown | |
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Chinatown's Faulkner Street paifang | |
Metropolitan borough | |
Metropolitan county | |
Region | |
Country | England |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
Post town | MANCHESTER |
Postcode district | M1 |
Dialling code | 0161 |
Police | Greater Manchester |
Fire | Greater Manchester |
Ambulance | North West |
UK Parliament | |
Manchester Chinatown | |||||||||||||
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Traditional Chinese | 曼徹斯特中國城 | ||||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 曼彻斯特中国城 | ||||||||||||
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Alternative Chinese name | |||||||||||||
Traditional Chinese | 曼徹斯特唐人街 | ||||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 曼彻斯特唐人街 | ||||||||||||
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Chinatown in Manchester,England,is the second largest Chinatown in the United Kingdom and the third largest in Europe. [1] Its archway was completed in 1987 on Faulkner Street in Manchester city centre, [2] which contains Chinese,Japanese,Korean,Nepali,Malaysian,Singaporean,Thai and Vietnamese restaurants,shops,bakeries and supermarkets. [3] [4]
The first Chinese settlers arrived in the city in the early 20th century;many were engaged in the laundry trade. [5] Manchester's first Chinese restaurant,Ping Hong,opened on Oxford Street in 1948. [5] A Chinese immigration wave began in the 1950s, [6] [7] when there were severe labour shortages,and in response to the British Nationality Act 1948 which allowed easier access into the country. [7] Hong Kong's rapid urbanisation also meant that farmers' traditional homes were being destroyed by urban sprawl,so many decided to migrate. [6] [7]
Chinese restaurants multiplied after the immigration boom. By the 1970s other Chinese businesses had opened,such as medicine shops,supermarkets and financial and legal services serving the area, [6] [7] including a Hong Kong government office and branch of The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation. [7] In 1989,the Chinese Arts Centre opened in Chinatown. [8] In 2013,the Bank of East Asia opened their first Manchester branch on Charlotte Street in Chinatown. [9] [10]
Chinatown is a small area of Manchester's city centre. Its boundaries form a rectangle,surrounded by Mosley Street,Manchester Art Gallery and the Portico Library to the west,Portland Street to the east,Princess Street to the south,and Charlotte Street to the north. [11] However,these boundaries are not official;some maps extend Chinatown further south to Oxford Street. [12] To the east lies the city's gay village,centred on Canal Street,and to the north lies Piccadilly Gardens. Being in the city centre,the area is entirely urbanised. Unlike Manchester city centre as a whole,Chinatown's streets appear largely in a grid plan.
One of Chinatown's most noticeable landmarks is the archway on Faulkner Street. The paifang,underneath which road traffic passes,was specially built in China and shipped over in three containers. [13] Construction commenced over Christmas 1986 and was completed by Easter 1987, [13] a year after the city of Manchester was twinned with Wuhan. [14] The structure was a gift from Manchester City Council to the Chinese community, [15] and is adorned with dragons and phoenixes.
After many years exposed to the elements,the arch required restoration work to be undertaken;netting was wrapped around a part of the structure to prevent further tiles from dislodging. [15] The Manchester Chinatown Community Group undertook a series of charity events,including a dry land dragon boat race in June 2012. [15] In early 2013 the archway was repaired by Manchester and Cheshire Construction Company. [13]
Another Chinatown landmark is the Guardian telephone exchange. The building is now owned by BT and used for communications work,though it was constructed for an entirely different usage. The building lies atop an underground bunker,constructed between 1949 and 1954 and paid for by NATO. The bunker was a fallout shelter designed to protect officials in the event of an atomic bomb and features over four miles of tunnels. The media were banned from revealing the bunker's existence until 1967 and it was built by Polish workers who could not speak English. [16]
Chinatown has a number of listed buildings,including 55 Faulkner Street,Manchester [17] and 36 Princess Street, [18] [19] an aparthotel for national chain Roomzzz.
The area's nearest Metrolink stations are Piccadilly Gardens (which is also a bus interchange),and St Peter's Square tram stop. The nearest National Rail stations are Manchester Oxford Road to the south and Manchester Piccadilly to the east of Chinatown,the latter of which can be reached by Metrolink services. Furthermore,there is a car park off Faulkner Street for visitors driving into Chinatown in private vehicles. It is decorated in an oriental theme,in keeping with Chinatown,and a mural of a junk,a Chinese sea vessel,is contained within a brick wall overlooking the car park.
Manchester Piccadilly is the main railway station of the city of Manchester,in the metropolitan county of Greater Manchester,England. Opened originally as Store Street in 1842,it was renamed Manchester London Road in 1847 and became Manchester Piccadilly in 1960. Located to the south-east of the city centre,it hosts long-distance intercity and cross-country services to national destinations including London,Birmingham,Nottingham,Glasgow,Edinburgh,Cardiff,Bristol,Exeter,Plymouth,Reading,Southampton and Bournemouth;regional services to destinations in Northern England including Liverpool,Leeds,Sheffield,Newcastle and York;and local commuter services around Greater Manchester. It is one of 19 major stations managed by Network Rail. The station has 14 platforms:12 terminal and two through platforms. Piccadilly is also a major interchange with the Metrolink light rail system with two tram platforms in its undercroft.
Manchester Metrolink is a tram/light rail system in Greater Manchester,England. The network has 99 stops along 64 miles (103 km) of standard-gauge route,making it the most extensive light rail system in the United Kingdom. Over the 2022/23 financial year 36 million passenger journeys were made on the system.
Manchester Victoria station in Manchester,England,is a combined mainline railway station and Metrolink tram stop. Situated to the north of the city centre on Hunts Bank,close to Manchester Cathedral,it adjoins Manchester Arena which was constructed on part of the former station site in the 1990s. Opened in 1844 and part of the Manchester station group,Manchester Victoria is Manchester's second busiest railway station after Piccadilly,and is the busiest station managed by Northern.
Manchester City Centre is the central business district of Manchester,England,within the confines of Great Ancoats Street,A6042 Trinity Way,and A57(M) Mancunian Way,which collectively form an inner ring road. The City Centre ward had a population of 17,861 at the 2011 census.
The Styal line is a suburban commuter railway line which runs through south Manchester,England;it commences at Slade Lane Junction,1.2 miles (1.9 km) south of Manchester Piccadilly,and ends 12 miles (19 km) south at Wilmslow.
Piccadilly Gardens is a green space in Manchester city centre,England,on the edge of the Northern Quarter.
Picc-Vic was a proposed,and later cancelled,underground railway designed in the early 1970s with the purpose of connecting two major mainline railway termini in Manchester city centre,England. The name Picc-Vic was a contraction of the two key station names,Manchester Piccadilly and Manchester Victoria. The proposal envisaged the construction of an underground rail tunnel across Manchester city centre. The scheme was abandoned in 1977 during its proposal stages due to Westminster's lack of willingness to invest in Manchester. The view was that the scheme still retained two large and expensive-to-maintain terminal stations in Manchester while other similarly sized cities had reduced their terminals to one.
Piccadilly Gardens is a tram stop in Zone 1 of Greater Manchester's Metrolink light rail system. It is located beside Piccadilly Gardens in Manchester city centre,and serves both as a transport hub,and interchange station.
The transport infrastructure of Greater Manchester is built up of numerous transport modes and forms an integral part of the structure of Greater Manchester and North West England –the most populated region outside of South East England which had approximately 301 million annual passenger journeys using either buses,planes,trains or trams in 2014. Its position as a national city of commerce,education and cultural importance means the city has one of the largest and most thorough transport infrastructures which is heavily relied upon by its 2.8 million inhabitants in the Greater Manchester conurbation and further afield in the North West region. Public transport comes under the jurisdiction of Transport for Greater Manchester.
Droylsden is a tram stop on the East Manchester Line (EML) of Greater Manchester's light-rail Metrolink system. It opened on 11 February 2013,after a three-day free trial for local residents. The stop was constructed as part of Phase 3a of the Metrolink's expansion,and is located in Droylsden town centre,a part of Tameside,England.
The history of Manchester Metrolink begins with its conception as Greater Manchester's light rail system in 1982 by the Greater Manchester Passenger Transport Executive,and spans its inauguration in 1992 and the successive phases of expansion.
The Manchester station group is a station group of four railway stations in Manchester city centre,England;this consists of Manchester Piccadilly,Manchester Oxford Road,Manchester Victoria and Deansgate. The station group is printed on national railway tickets as MANCHESTER STNS. For passengers travelling from one of the 91 National Rail stations in Greater Manchester,the four stations are printed as MANCHESTER CTLZ which additionally permits the use of Metrolink tram services in Zone 1.
This timeline lists significant events in the history of Greater Manchester's light rail network called the Manchester Metrolink.
The Bury Line is a light rail/tram line on the Manchester Metrolink in Greater Manchester. It runs from Manchester Victoria station to Bury Interchange in the north. The entire line runs along a converted heavy rail line,and was reopened with the Altrincham Line,another Metrolink line converted from heavy rail,as part of Phase 1 of the Metrolink's expansion.
The Altrincham Line is a tram line of the Manchester Metrolink running from Manchester to Altrincham in Greater Manchester. Originally a railway line,it was,along with the Bury Line,converted into a tramway during 1991–92,as part of the first phase of the Metrolink system.
The East Manchester Line (EML) is a tram line of the Manchester Metrolink in Greater Manchester,England,running from Manchester to Ashton-under-Lyne via Droylsden and Audenshaw. The line opened in 2013 as part of phase three of the system's expansion.
Zone 1 of the Manchester Metrolink light rail network is the heart of the system where all of the other lines converge. Its boundaries approximately mirror the city's Inner Ring Road. Within Zone 1,first opened in 1992 as the City Zone,trams largely run along semi-pedestrianised streets rather than on their own separate alignment.
East Chinatown is a Chinese neighbourhood located in the city of Toronto's east end in Riverdale and one of the several Chinatowns in Toronto. It was formed during the early 1970s and is centred on Gerrard Street East between Broadview Avenue and Carlaw Avenue.
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