Demographics of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia

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The Kingdom of Yugoslavia existed between its creation in 1918 until its occupation and partition by Axis powers in World War II. The first census in 1921 enumerated 11,984,911, while the second and last census in 1931 enumerated 13,934,038 people. While both censuses grouped ethnic groups according to their mother tongue, the latter did not record separate constituent nationalities and reported all "Serbo-Croato-Slovene" speakers as "Yugoslavs".

Contents

Ethnic groups

Ethnic groups in Yugoslavia according to the 1921 census
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Serbs and Croats
Slovenes
Albanians
Hungarians
Romanians Etnichka karta Kraljevine Jugoslavije prema popisu iz 1921. godine.png
Ethnic groups in Yugoslavia according to the 1921 census
  Serbs and Croats
  Slovenes
  Albanians
  Hungarians
  Romanians
Ethnic groups in Yugoslavia according to the 1931 census
Serbs
Croats
Slovenes
Unexplained, Religion Islam
Germans
Romanians
Shqiptar (Albanians)
Bulgarians
Turks
Hungarians 1931 etnicka.gif
Ethnic groups in Yugoslavia according to the 1931 census
  Serbs
  Croats
  Slovenes
  Unexplained, Religion Islam
  Germans
  Romanians
   Shqiptar (Albanians)
  Bulgarians
  Turks
  Hungarians
Kingdom of Yugoslavia's ethnic structure, 1918 [1]
Ethnic groupNumberPercent
Serbs 4,665,85138.8%
Croats 2,856,55123.8%
Slovenes 1,024,7618.5%
Bosnian Muslims 727,6506.1%
Bulgarians [1] (including some Macedonians [2] )585,5584.9%
Other Slavs 174,4661.5%
Germans 513,4724.3%
Hungarians 472,4093.9%
Albanians 441,7403.7%
Romanians and Cincari [3] (Aromanians and Megleno-Romanians)229,3981.9%
Turks 168,4041.4%
Jews 64,1590.5%
Italians 12,8250.1%
Others80,0790.7%
Total12,017,323100%
1 Source: Banac, Ivo (1992). The National Question in Yugoslavia. Origins, History, Politics (2nd printing ed.). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. p. 58. ISBN   9780801494932.
(The table represents a reconstruction of Yugoslavia's ethnic structure immediately after the establishment of the kingdom in 1918.)

Vital statistics (1919–1940)

Average population [4] Live births [4] Deaths [4] Natural change [4] Crude birth rate (per 1,000) [4] Crude death rate (per 1,000) [4] Natural change (per 1,000) [4] Total fertility rate [4]
191911,706,957347,748258,63889,11029.722.17.64.83
192011,881,764422,267250,090172,17735.521.014.54.79
192112,059,178442,530252,104190,42636.720.915.84.75
192212,239,245420,910254,478166,43234.420.813.64.70
192312,421,997432,779252,543180,23634.820.314.54.66
192412,607,480442,835254,527188,30835.120.214.94.62
192512,795,732437,070239,429197,64134.218.715.44.57
192612,986,796459,035244,761214,27435.318.816.54.53
192713,180,709451,617276,294175,32334.321.013.34.49
192813,377,523437,523272,606164,91732.720.412.34.44
1929 [5] 13,577,272452,544286,249166,29533.321.112.24.40
193013,780,006489,270261,497227,77335.519.016.54.36
193113,982,000470,275276,840193,43533.619.813.84.31
193214,174,000465,935272,180193,75532.919.213.74.27
193314,369,000452,229243,717208,51231.517.014.54.22
193414,566,000460,913248,882212,03131.617.114.64.18
193514,767,000441,728248,978192,75029.916.913.14.14
193614,970,000435,861240,879194,98229.116.113.04.09
1937 [6] 15,172,000424,448242,337182,11128.016.012.04.05
1938 [7] 15,384,000411,381240,303171,07826.715.611.14.01
1939 [8] 15,596,000403,938233,196170,74225.915.010.93.96
194015,811,000

Marriages and divorces (1919–1940)

Average populationMarriagesDivorcesCrude marriage rate (per 1000)Crude divorce rate (per 1000)Divorces per 1000 marriages
191911,706,957225,60519.3
192011,881,764185,9545,68715.70.530.6
192112,059,178157,0556,72013.00.642.8
192212,239,245131,7766,54810.80.549.7
192312,421,997129,7966,49210.40.550.0
192412,607,480114,8965,5089.10.447.9
192512,795,732123,0055,4819.60.444.6
192612,986,796124,2494,9409.60.439.8
192713,180,709124,1045,2549.40.442.3
192813,377,523121,3345,5809.10.446.0
192913,577,272128,1206,0709.40.447.4
193013,780,006138,3225,82610.00.442.1
193113,982,000126,0726,3939.00.550.7
193214,174,000111,0595,2317.80.447.1
193314,369,000111,5035,5007.80.449.3
193414,566,00099,7045,5206.80.455.4
193514,767,000110,1295,5617.50.450.5
193614,970,000109,5285,0227.30.345.9
193715,172,000117,7176,5477.80.455.6
193815,384,000121,6056,4667.90.453.2
193915,596,000123,8177,1037.90.557.4
194015,811,000

Languages

The following data, grouped by first language, is from the 1921 population census:

Based on language, the Yugoslavs (collectively Serbs, Croats, Slovenes and other South-Slavic groups in the kingdom) constituted 82.9% of the country's population.

Religious groups

Class and occupation

References

  1. 1 2 Banac, Ivo. The National Question in Yugoslavia: Origins, History, Politics. Archived 2 August 2020 at the Wayback Machine Cornell University Press, 1988. pp. 49–53, 58. ISBN   978-0801494932
  2. Per Banac himself, the Macedonians were "Bulgarians in the common struggle against Serbian and Greek hegemonism, but within the Bulgarian national project, they were increasingly becoming separate regional community." The National Question in Yugoslavia: Origins, History, Politics. Cornell University Press, 1988. p. 327. ISBN   978-0801494932
  3. RÉSULTATS DÉFINITIFS DU RECENSEMENT DE LA POPULATION DU 31 JANVIER 1921 (in Serbo-Croatian and French). Sarajevo: Opšta državna statistika. 1932. p. 3.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "2-1. Kretanje stanovništva 1921–1990 - Jugoslavija". Demografska statistika 1990 (PDF). Belgrade: Savezni zavod za statistiku. 1992. ISSN   0084-4357 . Retrieved 27 January 2023.
  5. "Statistical Yearbook of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia,1929" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 August 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  6. "Statistical Yearbook of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia,1937" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 August 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  7. "Statistical Yearbook of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia,1938-1939" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 August 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  8. "Statistical Yearbook of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia,1940" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 August 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  9. 1 2 Group of Authors (1997). Istorijski atlas (1st ed.). Zavod za udžbenike i nastavna sredstva & Geokarta, Belgrade. p. 91. ISBN   8617055944.
  10. ""Краљевина Југославија дефинитивни резултати пописа становништва од 21 јануара 1921 год.", Сарајево, Државна Штампарија, 1932". p. 3. Archived from the original on 3 November 2013. Retrieved 1 November 2013.
  11. Group of Authors (1997). Istorijski atlas (1st ed.). Zavod za udžbenike i nastavna sredstva & Geokarta, Belgrade. p. 86. ISBN   8617055944.