Dutch general election, 1888

Last updated
Dutch general election, 1888
Flag of the Netherlands.svg
←  1887 6 March 1888 1891  →
Turnout 81.7%

PartyLeader%Seats±
LU Hendrik Goeman Borgesius 40.7%46-2
ARP Abraham Kuyper 31.4%27+8
CatholicN/A20.7%25+6
Conservative N/A4.4%1+1
SDB Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis 0.9%1+1
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Prime Minister beforePrime Minister after
Jan Heemskerk Azn (1818-1897), after Heinrich Wilhelm Wollrabe.jpg Jan Heemskerk
Conservative 		Aeneas Mackay Jr.
ARP 		AeneasMackay.jpg
Kingdom of the Netherlands
State coat of arms of the Netherlands.svg
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
the Netherlands

General elections were held in the Netherlands on 6 March 1888. [1] The Liberal Union emerged as the largest party, winning 46 of the 100 seats in the House of Representatives. [2]

Netherlands Constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Europe

The Netherlands is a country located mainly in Northwestern Europe. The European portion of the Netherlands consists of twelve separate provinces that border Germany to the east, Belgium to the south, and the North Sea to the northwest, with maritime borders in the North Sea with Belgium, Germany and the United Kingdom. Together with three island territories in the Caribbean Sea—Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba— it forms a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The official language is Dutch, but a secondary official language in the province of Friesland is West Frisian.

Liberal Union (Netherlands) Dutch political party

The Liberal Union was a conservative liberal political party in the Netherlands. A major party in its time, the Liberals were one of the historic predecessors of the Liberal State Party, and therefore of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy.

House of Representatives (Netherlands) lower house of the Netherlands

The House of Representatives is the lower house of the bicameral parliament of the Netherlands, the States General, the other one being the Senate. It has 150 seats which are filled through elections using a party-list proportional representation. It sits in the Binnenhof in The Hague.

Contents

Background

This was the first election held after the constitutional revision of 1887, achieved by Minister of the Interior Jan Heemskerk, which had several effects on the parliamentary system. Firstly, this revision fixed the number of seats in the House of Representatives at 100. Secondly, it abolished multi-seat electoral districts except in large cities in favour of single-seat districts, thus allowing for better representation of geographically concentrated political minorities. Thirdly, the revision ensured all members of the House of Representatives would be elected simultaneously every four years, replacing the previous system of staggered elections. Finally, the change greatly extended suffrage and allowed for gradual further extension by law. [3]

Jan Heemskerk Dutch politician

Jan Heemskerk Abrahamszoon was a Dutch politician who served as Chairman of the Council of Ministers from 1874 to 1877, and again from 1883 to 1888. His son, Theo Heemskerk also served as Chairman of the Council of Ministers.

Staggered elections are elections where only some of the places in an elected body are up for election at the same time. For example, United States Senators have a six-year term, but they are not all elected at the same time. Rather, elections are held every two years for one-third of Senate seats.

The election was won by the confessional parties, leading to the first Coalition government, combining Anti-Revolutionaries and Catholics, led by Æneas, Baron Mackay, [4] thus heralding a period of Antithesis as championed by Abraham Kuyper, in which government alternated between secular liberals on the left and confessional Anti-Revolutionaries and Catholics on the right. [5] The election also saw the first socialist elected into the House of Representatives, with Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis, leader of the Social Democratic League, being elected in a rural Frisian district. [6]

Christian democracy in the Netherlands

This article gives an overview of christian democracy in the Netherlands, which is also called confessionalism, including political Catholicism and Protestantism. It is limited to Christian democratic parties with substantial support, mainly proved by having had a representation in parliament. The sign ⇒ means a reference to another party in that scheme.

The Coalition is a historic coalition between three confessional parties of Netherlands - the Christian Historical Union, Anti-Revolutionary Party and Roman Catholic State Party. They were united in their common plight for equal financing for religious schools. They were opposed to the Concentration. The Coalition governed between 1888 and 1891, led by Æneas Mackay, 1901 and 1905 led by Abraham Kuyper, 1908 and 1913 led by Theo Heemskerk and between 1918 and 1940 led by several politicians, Hendrikus Colijn, Dirk Jan de Geer and Charles Ruijs de Beerenbrouck.

The Antithesis is a conflict between Christian democratic, confessional parties, united in the Coalition and Liberal parties, united in the Concentration between 1888 and 1918. The conflict concerned the equalisation of payment for religious schools. The realisation of this necessitated a constitutional revision, which needed the support of two-thirds of both houses of parliament. Both political parties held about fifty percent of the MPs, however. The issue was forced by Anti-Revolutionary Party leader Abraham Kuyper, who hoped that an alliance of Catholics and Protestants would gain the necessary number of seats, but this strategy failed. The issue was finally resolved in the Pacification of 1917.

Results

PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Liberal Union 96,15740.746–2
Anti-Revolutionary Party 74,04831.427+8
Catholic Party 48,92220.725+6
Radicals4,6862.000
Social Democratic League 2,0200.91+1
Conservatives10,3354.41+1
Invalid/blank votes2,617–––
Total238,785100100+14
Registered voters/turnout292,33981.7––
Source: Nohlen & Stöver

By district

   Social Democratic      Liberal     Conservative     Anti-Revolutionary     Catholic  

Social Democratic League Dutch political party

The Social Democratic League was a socialist political party in the Netherlands. Founded in 1881, the SDB was the first socialist party to enter the House of Representatives.

Anti-Revolutionary Party Dutch political party

The Anti-Revolutionary Party was a Protestant Christian democratic political party in the Netherlands. The party was founded in 1879 by Abraham Kuyper, a neo-Calvinist theologian and minister. In 1980 the party merged with the Catholic People's Party (KVP) and the Christian Historical Union (CHU) to form the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA).

District results for the Dutch general election, 1888 [7]
DistrictWinnerRef.
Alkmaar Willem van der Kaay [8]
Almelo Willem Cremers [9]
Amersfoort Jan Schimmelpenninck van der Oye [10]
Amsterdam Jacob Theodoor Cremer [11]
Adriaan Gildemeester [12]
Johan George Gleichman [13]
Abraham Hartogh [14]
Bernardus Hermanus Heldt [15]
Arnold Kerdijk [16]
Jan Rutgers van Rozenburg [17]
Johannes Tak van Poortvliet [18]
Willem Hendrik de Beaufort [19]
Apeldoorn Frederik van Bylandt [20]
Appingedam Jan Schepel [21]
Arnhem Willem Rooseboom [22]
Assen Warmold Albertinus van der Feltz [23]
Bergen op Zoom Lambert de Ram [24]
Bergum Okke Tietes Bosgra [25]
Beverwijk Jacob Boreel van Hogelanden [26]
Bodegraven Simon van Velzen [27]
Breda Louis Michiels van Verduynen [28]
Breukelen Willem Jan Roijaards van den Ham [29]
Brielle Gerardus Jacobus Goekoop [30]
Delft Jan Christiaan Fabius [31]
Den Bosch Pierre Guillaume Jean van der Schrieck [32]
Den Haag Lodewijk Gerard Greeve [33]
Lodewijk van Kempen [34]
Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck [35]
Den Helder Simon Taco Land [36]
Deventer Albertus van Delden [37]
Doetinchem Jean Gustave Stanislas Bevers [38]
Dokkum Ulrich Herman Huber [39]
Dordrecht Johannes Barendinus van Osenbruggen [40]
Druten Frederic Reekers [41]
Ede Levinus Keuchenius [42]
Eindhoven Antonius van Baar [43]
Elst Godert Willem van Dedem [44]
Emmen Hendrik Jan Smidt [45]
Enkhuizen Dirk Visser van Hazerswoude [46]
Enschede Willem Jacob Geertsema [47]
Franeker Franciscus Lieftinck [48]
Goes Alexander de Savornin Lohman [49]
Gorinchem Hendrik Seret [50]
Gouda Karel Antonie Godin de Beaufort [51]
Grave Jan Harte van Tecklenburg [52]
Groningen Samuel van Houten [53]
Jacob Dirk Veegens [54]
Gulpen Leonard Ruland [55]
Haarlem Antonie Farncombe Sanders [56]
Haarlemmermeer Frederic Reekers [57]
Harlingen Walle Melis Oppedijk [58]
Helmond Petrus Vermeulen [59]
Hilversum Theodoor Philip Mackay [60]
Hontenisse Felix Walter [61]
Hoorn Willem Karel van Dedem [62]
Kampen Titus van Asch van Wijck [63]
Katwijk Johannes Hendricus Donner [64]
Leeuwarden Johannis Zaaijer [65]
Leiden Hendrik Johannes Bool [66]
Lochem Alex Schimmelpenninck van der Oye [67]
Loosduinen Arnoldus van Berckel [59]
Maastricht Gustave Ruijs van Beerenbroek [68]
Meppel Harm Smeenge [69]
Middelburg Christiaan Lucasse [70]
Nijmegen Anthonie Ernst Reuther [71]
Ommen Jan van Alphen [72]
Oostburg Nicolaas Glinderman [73]
Oosterhout Theodorus Borret [74]
Rheden Maximilien Kolkman [75]
Ridderkerk Theo Heemskerk [76]
Roermond Hubert Joachim Brouwers [77]
Rotterdam Henry David Levyssohn Norman [78]
Rudolf Pieter Mees [79]
George Hermann Hintzen [80]
Herman Cornelis Verniers van der Loeff [81]
Willem Adriaan Viruly Verbrugge [82]
Schiedam Jacob Gerard Patijn [83]
Schoterland Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis [6]
Sittard Jerôme Lambrechts [84]
Sliedrecht Barthold de Geer van Jutphaas [85]
Sneek Willem Gerard Brantsen van de Zijp [86]
Steenwijk Gerard Beelaerts van Blokland [87]
Tiel Herman Jacob Dijckmeester [88]
Tilburg Bernardus Marie Bahlmann [89]
Utrecht Joan Röell [90]
August Seyffardt [91]
Veendam Hendrik Goeman Borgesius [92]
Veghel Bernardus van Vlijmen [93]
Venlo Leopold Haffmans [94]
Waalwijk Antonius Franciscus Vos de Wael [95]
Weert Jean Clercx [96]
Wijk bij Duurstede Herman Schaepman [97]
Winschoten Derk de Ruiter Zijlker [98]
Wolvega Ruurd Klazer Okma [99]
Zaandam Willem de Meijier [56]
Zevenbergen Joannes van Nunen [100]
Zierikzee Jacob Johan van Kerkwijk [101]
Zuidhorn Eppo Cremers [102]
Zutphen Derck Engelberts [103]
Zwolle Alexander van Dedem [104]

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References

  1. ↑ Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1395 ISBN   978-3-8329-5609-7
  2. ↑ Nohlen & Stöver, p1412
  3. ↑ "Grondwetsherzieningen 1815 - heden". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 22 September 2017.
  4. ↑ "Kabinet-Mackay (1888-1891)". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 22 September 2017.
  5. ↑ "Periode 1888-1918: Antithese". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 22 September 2017.
  6. 1 2 "F. Domela Nieuwenhuis". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  7. ↑ "Verkiezingsuitslagen Tweede Kamer 1848 - 1917" (in Dutch).
  8. ↑ "Mr. W. van der Kaay". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  9. ↑ "Mr. W.C.J.J. Cremers". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  10. ↑ "J.E.N. baron Schimmelpenninck van der Oye". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  11. ↑ "J.Th. Cremer". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  12. ↑ "A. Gildemeester". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  13. ↑ "Mr. J.G. Gleichman". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  14. ↑ "Mr. A.F.K. Hartogh". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  15. ↑ "B.H. Heldt". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  16. ↑ "Mr. A. (Nol) Kerdijk". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  17. ↑ "Jhr.Mr. J.W.H. Rutgers van Rozenburg". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  18. ↑ "Mr. J.P.R. Tak van Poortvliet". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  19. ↑ "Mr. W.H. de Beaufort". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  20. ↑ "Mr. W.K.F.P. (Frederik) graaf van Bylandt". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  21. ↑ "J. Schepel". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  22. ↑ "W. Rooseboom". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  23. ↑ "W.A. baron van der Feltz". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  24. ↑ "L.D.J.L. (Lambert) de Ram". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  25. ↑ "O.T. Bosgra". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  26. ↑ "Jhr.Mr. J.W.G. Boreel van Hogelanden". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  27. ↑ "S. van Velzen jr". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  28. ↑ "Mr. L.P.M.H. baron Michiels van Verduynen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  29. ↑ "Mr. W.J. Roijaards van den Ham". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  30. ↑ "Mr. G.J. Goekoop". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  31. ↑ "J.Ch. Fabius". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  32. ↑ "P.G.J. van der Schrieck". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  33. ↑ "Mr. L.G. Greeve". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  34. ↑ "L.J.S. van Kempen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  35. ↑ "Mr. R.J. graaf Schimmelpenninck van Nijenhuis". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  36. ↑ "S.T. Land". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  37. ↑ "Mr. A. van Delden". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  38. ↑ "Mr. J.G.S. Bevers". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  39. ↑ "Mr. U.H. Huber". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  40. ↑ "Mr. J.B. van Osenbruggen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  41. ↑ "Mr. F.J.M.A. Reekers". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  42. ↑ "Mr. L.W.Ch. Keuchenius". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  43. ↑ "Mr. A.J.H. van Baar". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  44. ↑ "Mr. G.W. baron van Dedem". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  45. ↑ "Mr. H.J. Smidt". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  46. ↑ "Mr. D. Visser van Hazerswoude". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  47. ↑ "W.J. Geertsema". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  48. ↑ "F. Lieftinck". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  49. ↑ "Jhr.Mr. A.F. de Savornin Lohman". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  50. ↑ "H. Seret". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  51. ↑ "Jhr.Mr. K.A. Godin de Beaufort". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  52. ↑ "Mr. J.J.I. (Jan) Harte van Tecklenburg". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  53. ↑ "Mr. S. (Sam) van Houten". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  54. ↑ "Mr. J.D. Veegens". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  55. ↑ "L.F.H.C. Ruland". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  56. 1 2 "W. de Meijier". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  57. ↑ "Mr. F.J.M.A. Reekers". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  58. ↑ "W.M. Oppedijk". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  59. 1 2 "Dr. P.J.F. Vermeulen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  60. ↑ "Mr. Th.Ph. baron Mackay". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  61. ↑ "Mr. F.J.F.M. (Felix) Walter". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  62. ↑ "Mr. W.K. baron van Dedem". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  63. ↑ "Jhr.Mr. T.A.J. (Titus) van Asch van Wijck". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  64. ↑ "J.H. Donner". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  65. ↑ "Dr. J. Zaaijer Azn". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  66. ↑ "H.J. Bool". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  67. ↑ "A. (Alex) baron Schimmelpenninck van der Oye". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  68. ↑ "Jhr.Mr. G.L.M.H. (Gustave) Ruijs van Beerenbroek". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  69. ↑ "Mr. H. (Harm) Smeenge". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  70. ↑ "Mr. Ch. Lucasse". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  71. ↑ "A.E. Reuther". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  72. ↑ "J. (Jan) van Alphen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  73. ↑ "N. Glinderman". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  74. ↑ "Mr. Th.L.M.H. Borret". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  75. ↑ "Mr. M.J.C.M. Kolkman". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  76. ↑ "Mr. Th. (Theo) Heemskerk". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  77. ↑ "Mr. H.J. Brouwers". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  78. ↑ "Mr. H.D. Levyssohn Norman". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  79. ↑ "Dr. R.P. Mees R.Azn". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  80. ↑ "G.H. Hintzen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  81. ↑ "Mr. H.C. Verniers van der Loeff". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  82. ↑ "W.A. Viruly Verbrugge". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  83. ↑ "Mr. J.G. Patijn". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  84. ↑ "Mr. H.F. (Jérôme) Lambrechts". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  85. ↑ "Dr.Mr. B.J. Lintelo baron de Geer van Jutphaas". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  86. ↑ "Mr. W.G. baron Brantsen van de Zijp". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  87. ↑ "Jhr.Mr. G.J.Th. Beelaerts van Blokland". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  88. ↑ "Mr. H.J. Dijckmeester". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  89. ↑ "Mr. B.M. Bahlmann". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  90. ↑ "Jhr.Mr. J. Röell". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  91. ↑ "A.L.W. Seyffardt". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  92. ↑ "Mr.Dr. H. (Hendrik) Goeman Borgesius". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  93. ↑ "B.R.F. van Vlijmen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  94. ↑ "Mr. J.H.L. (Leopold) Haffmans". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  95. ↑ "Mr. A.F. Vos de Wael". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  96. ↑ "Mr. J.M.L.H. Clercx". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  97. ↑ "Dr. H.J.A.M. (Herman) Schaepman". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  98. ↑ "Mr. D. de Ruiter Zijlker". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  99. ↑ "R.K. Okma". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  100. ↑ "J.P.Th. van Nunen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  101. ↑ "J.J. van Kerkwijk". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  102. ↑ "Mr. E.J.J.B. (Eppo) Cremers". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  103. ↑ "Mr. D. Engelberts". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  104. ↑ "A. baron van Dedem". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
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