Globe Tobacco Building

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Globe Tobacco Building
Globe Tobacco Building Detroit MI.jpg
Location407 East Fort Street
Detroit, Michigan
Coordinates 42°19′59″N83°2′34″W / 42.33306°N 83.04278°W / 42.33306; -83.04278 Coordinates: 42°19′59″N83°2′34″W / 42.33306°N 83.04278°W / 42.33306; -83.04278
Built1888
ArchitectWilliam Scott & Company
Architectural styleOther, Romanesque
NRHP reference # 84000442 [1]
Added to NRHPNovember 13, 1984

The Globe Tobacco Building is a manufacturing building located at 407 East Fort Street in Downtown Detroit, Michigan. It is the oldest tobacco manufactory extant in Detroit, [2] and is listed by the National Register of Historic Places.

Downtown Detroit Place in Michigan

Downtown Detroit is the central business district and a residential area of the city of Detroit, Michigan, United States. Detroit is the major city in the larger Metro Detroit region. Downtown Detroit is bordered by M-10 to the west, Interstate 75 to the north, I-375 to the east, and the Detroit River to the south. The city's main thoroughfare M-1 links Downtown to Midtown, New Center, and the North End.

Detroit Largest city in Michigan

Detroit is the largest and most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan, the largest American city on the United States–Canada border, and the seat of Wayne County. The municipality of Detroit had a 2017 estimated population of 673,104, making it the 23rd-most populous city in the United States. The metropolitan area, known as Metro Detroit, is home to 4.3 million people, making it the second-largest in the Midwest after the Chicago metropolitan area. Regarded as a major cultural center, Detroit is known for its contributions to music and as a repository for art, architecture and design.

Michigan U.S. state in the United States

Michigan is a state in the Great Lakes and Midwestern regions of the United States. The state's name, Michigan, originates from the Ojibwe word mishigamaa, meaning "large water" or "large lake". With a population of about 10 million, Michigan is the tenth most populous of the 50 United States, with the 11th most extensive total area, and is the largest state by total area east of the Mississippi River. Its capital is Lansing, and its largest city is Detroit. Metro Detroit is among the nation's most populous and largest metropolitan economies.

Contents

History

The tobacco industry was a leading component of Detroit's economy during the latter half of the nineteenth century, and by the 1890s was the largest industry in the city. [3] Globe Tobacco, which was one of the largest five manufacturers in the city, [3] was established in 1871 by O. P. Hazard, Thomas McGraw, Hiram Walker, and William Moore. [2] The company was originally located on Atwater Street, and by 1878 manufactured about 300,000 pounds of tobacco annually. [4] The company was incorporated in 1880, and by 1883 production was over 1,300,000 pounds annually.

Tobacco Agricultural product processed from the leaves of plants in the genus of nicotinia.

Tobacco is the common name of several plants in the Nicotiana genus and the Solanaceae (nightshade) family, and the general term for any product prepared from the cured leaves of the tobacco plant. More than 70 species of tobacco are known, but the chief commercial crop is N. tabacum. The more potent variant N. rustica is also used around the world.

Hiram Walker American businessman

Hiram Walker was an American entrepreneur and founder of the Hiram Walker and Sons Ltd. distillery in Windsor, Ontario, Canada. Walker was born in East Douglas, Massachusetts, and moved to Detroit in 1838. He purchased land across the Detroit River, just east of what is Windsor, Ontario, and established a distillery in 1858 in what would become Walkerville, Ontario. Walker began selling his whisky as Hiram Walker's Club Whisky, in containers that were "clearly marked" and he used a process to make his whisky that was vastly different from all other distillers.

By 1888, the company had outgrown its facility on Atwater, and decided to construct a new facility. [4] The company hired Alexander Chapoton to build the factory, and construction began in 1888. [3] By 1892, Globe production was up to 2.5 million pounds annually. However, by 1916, the property was transferred to trustees, [4] and by 1925 the Globe Tobacco Company was out of business. [3] Various small manufacturers rented portions of the building from 1916 until well into the 1970s. [4] The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. [1]

At one time the company Real Times Media, owner of black newspapers in the US, had its headquarters in the Globe Tobacco Building. [5] Redstone Architects designed the renovation for the building into office space in 1984. [6] In 2014, Rock Ventures purchased the building and renovated it to house office space for various tech and small businesses. [7]

Rock Ventures holding company for businessman Dan Gilberts portfolio of companies, investments, and real estate

Rock Ventures LLC is the holding company for businessman Dan Gilbert's portfolio of companies, investments, and real estate. It is based in Detroit, Michigan and is also engaged in community development in both Detroit and Cleveland, Ohio. Its over 110 affiliated companies include the Cleveland Cavaliers, Greektown Casino Hotel, and Quicken Loans.

Architecture

Globe Tobacco Building, c. 1891 GlobeTobaccoDetroit1891.jpg
Globe Tobacco Building, c. 1891

Designed by William Scott & Company, Alexander Chapoton built this six-story red brick Romanesque mill-style building with load-bearing masonry walls and heavy timbered roof and floors. [3] The facade is divided into five bays. [4] A ​1 1⁄2-story entrance archway is located in the center bay on the south side, and is flanked by two concrete spheres. [8] Large arched windows are located on the first floor in the other bays. Pilasters run between the first story and the fourth, starting win a limestone block base and ending in forms that continue into round-arched windows on the fifth story. Brick denticulation separates the sixth floor from the lower ones, and the sixth floor is not divided into bays, but rather has evenly spaced rectangular window openings separated by pilasters. [4]

Romanesque Revival architecture style of building employed beginning in the mid-19th century

Romanesque Revival is a style of building employed beginning in the mid-19th century inspired by the 11th- and 12th-century Romanesque architecture. Unlike the historic Romanesque style, however, Romanesque Revival buildings tended to feature more simplified arches and windows than their historic counterparts.

Square brick panelling is stepped out above the sixth floor, providing a bearing surface for the heavy roof timbers and protection from fire. On the interior, heavy timber floor beams are spaced about four feet apart and held up by girders, forming fireproof layers between floors. [4]

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References

  1. 1 2 "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places . National Park Service. 2008-04-15.
  2. 1 2 Globe Tobacco Company Building from Woodward Avenue
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 "Globe Tobacco Building" (PDF). City of Detroit.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Brian Conway; Katherine L. Barnhart (May 10, 1984), National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination Form: Globe Tobacco Building
  5. ↑ "Home." () Real Times Media. June 17, 2007. Retrieved on December 11, 2013. "Headquarters: The Globe Building • 407 E. Fort Street • Suite 410 • Detroit, MI • 48226 "
  6. ↑ Hill, Eric J. and John Gallagher (2002). AIA Detroit: The American Institute of Architects Guide to Detroit Architecture. Wayne State University Press. ISBN   0-8143-3120-3.
  7. ↑ Robin Runyan (September 28, 2016), Inside the redesigned Globe Tobacco Building, Curbed Detroit
  8. ↑ Globe Tobacco Building from the state of Michigan
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