Harrow East (UK Parliament constituency)

Last updated

Harrow East
Borough constituency
for the House of Commons
HarrowEast2007Constituency.svg
Boundary of Harrow East in Greater London
County Greater London
Electorate 72,537 (December 2010) [1]
Major settlements Stanmore, Kenton, Queensbury, Belmont, Harrow Weald, Canons Park
Current constituency
Created 1945
Member of Parliament Bob Blackman (Conservative)
SeatsOne
Created from Hendon & Harrow (parts of)

Harrow East is a constituency [n 1] in Greater London created in 1945 and represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2010 by Bob Blackman, a Conservative. [n 2]

Contents

Constituency profile

The censuses of 2001 and 2011 show the overwhelmingly most common housing type of the area to be semi-detached houses – almost a majority – followed by mid-rise apartments (whether purpose-built or converted from older houses), then terraced houses and then detached houses. They also show a consistently lower-than-average proportion of social housing than for Greater London. [2]

Harrow East (UK Parliament constituency)
Map of present boundaries

The constituency is served by three separate commuter railway lines running into central London, and has many parks and sports grounds. Few arterial roads bisect Harrow East – further east is the start of the M1 motorway, and in the middle of seats further south in north-west London are the A40 Western Avenue and North Circular Road, omitting the boundaries drawn from the arterial road-building projects of the 1940s-to-1970s period.

History

Hendon among the other seats in the abolished administrative county of Middlesex 1918-1945; the northwest and west boundaries of Middlesex became those of London in 1965. This shows occupation of the west part of the former Hendon seat more than the former Harrow seat. Hendon1918.png
Hendon among the other seats in the abolished administrative county of Middlesex 1918–1945; the northwest and west boundaries of Middlesex became those of London in 1965. This shows occupation of the west part of the former Hendon seat more than the former Harrow seat.
From 1945 to 1950 HarrowEast1945.png
From 1945 to 1950
Map that gives each named seat and any constant electoral success for national (Westminster) elections for Middlesex, 1955 to 1974. Final Middlesex constituencies (1955-74).svg
Map that gives each named seat and any constant electoral success for national (Westminster) elections for Middlesex, 1955 to 1974.

The seat was created in 1945 and has been varied due to two sets of major ward reconfigurations and by other national boundary reforms. The predecessor seats were Hendon and to a much lesser extent Harrow.

Since 1945 it has been a stronger area for the Labour Party than neighbouring Harrow West; nevertheless, the seat been mostly held by the Conservative Party. Labour did win here in landslide victories in 1945, 1966 and 1997, and after the latter, held on in the two subsequent general elections. The seat was regained in 2010 by a Conservative on a high turnout, though Labour's incumbent managed to hold on to Harrow West, largely due to boundary changes which favoured Labour there. Residents in the borough include fewer people in the category of no qualifications than the national average, in 2011, at 16.8%; [3] Notably, Harrow East was the most ethnically diverse Conservative-held constituency in the general elections of 2015 and 2017, apparently bucking a trend whereby the party is generally less supported than Labour among ethnic minorities. [4]

Commencing with the 1979 general election, the seat has been a bellwether by reflecting the national result. The 2017 result produced the 29th-most marginal majority of the Conservative Party's 317 seats by percentage of majority. [5]

Boundaries

1945–1950: The Urban District of Harrow wards of Kenton, Stanmore North, Stanmore South, Wealdstone North, Wealdstone South, and part of Harrow Weald ward.

1950–1955: As above, but the whole of Harrow Weald, and without Wealdstone North or Wealdstone South.

1955–1974: The Municipal Borough of Harrow wards of Belmont, Harrow Weald, Queensbury, Stanmore North and Stanmore South.

1974–1978: The London Borough of Harrow wards of Belmont, Harrow Weald, Queensbury, Stanmore North and Stanmore South.

1978–1983: The London Borough of Harrow wards of Canons, Centenary, Harrow Weald, Kenton East, Stanmore Park, Stanmore South and Wemborough.

1983–2010: The London Borough of Harrow wards of Canons, Centenary, Greenhill, Harrow Weald, Kenton East, Kenton West, Marlborough, Stanmore Park, Stanmore South, Wealdstone and Wemborough.

2010–present: The London Borough of Harrow wards of Belmont, Canons, Edgware, Harrow Weald, Kenton East, Kenton West, Queensbury, Stanmore Park and Wealdstone.

Proposed

Harrow East in 2023 Harrow East 2023 Constituency.svg
Harrow East in 2023

Further to the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, enacted by the Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023, from the next general election, due by January 2025, the constituency will be composed of the following (as they existed on 4 May 2022):

The Borough of Brent ward of Queensbury will be transferred from Brent North (to be abolished), thus uniting the parts of the suburb of Queensbury in Brent with those in Harrow. Other boundary changes include the transfer of Wealdstone to Harrow West.

Members of Parliament

ElectionMember [7] Party
1945 Frederick Skinnard Labour
1950 Ian Harvey Conservative
1959 by-election Anthony Courtney Conservative
1966 Roy Roebuck Labour
1970 Hugh Dykes Conservative
1997 Tony McNulty Labour
2010 Bob Blackman Conservative

Election results

Elections in the 2020s

Next general election: Harrow East
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Bob Blackman [8]
Labour Primesh Patel [9]
Liberal Democrats Reetendra Nath Banerji [10]

Elections in the 2010s

General election 2019: Harrow East [11] [12]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Bob Blackman 26,935 54.4 +5.0
Labour Pamela Fitzpatrick18,76537.9-8.1
Liberal Democrats Adam Bernard3,7917.7+4.6
Majority8,17016.5+13.1
Turnout 49,49168.6-2.3
Registered electors 72,120
Conservative hold Swing +6.5
General election 2017: Harrow East [13] [14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Bob Blackman 25,129 49.4 -0.9
Labour Navin Shah 23,37246.0+5.4
Liberal Democrats Adam Bernard1,5733.1+1.0
Green Emma Wallace7711.5-0.2
Majority1,7573.4-6.3
Turnout 50,84570.9+1.9
Registered electors 71,755
Conservative hold Swing -3.1
General election 2015: Harrow East [15] [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Bob Blackman 24,668 50.3 +5.6
Labour Uma Kumaran19,91140.6+3.0
UKIP Aidan Powlesland2,3334.8+2.9
Liberal Democrats Ross Barlow1,0372.1-12.2
Green Emma Wallace8461.70.0
TUSC Nana Asante2050.4New
Majority4,7579.7+2.6
Turnout 49,00069.0+1.9
Registered electors 70,981
Conservative hold Swing +1.3
General election 2010: Harrow East [17]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Bob Blackman 21,435 44.7 +6.1
Labour Tony McNulty 18,03237.6−7.9
Liberal Democrats Nahid Boethe6,85014.3+0.1
UKIP Abhijit Pandya8961.9+0.1
Green Madeleine Atkins7931.7New
Majority3,4037.1N/A
Turnout 48,00667.1+5.8
Registered electors 70,510
Conservative gain from Labour Swing -7.0

Elections in the 2000s

General election 2005: Harrow East [18]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Tony McNulty 23,445 46.1 −9.2
Conservative David Ashton18,71536.8+4.6
Liberal Democrats Pash Nandhra7,74715.2+2.7
UKIP Paul Cronin9161.8New
Majority4,7309.3-13.8
Turnout 50,82360.5+2.1
Registered electors 83,904
Labour hold Swing −6.9
General election 2001: Harrow East [19]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Tony McNulty 26,590 55.3 +2.8
Conservative Peter Wilding15,46632.2−3.2
Liberal Democrats George Kershaw6,02112.5+4.3
Majority11,12423.1+6.0
Turnout 48,07758.4−12.8
Registered electors 82,269
Labour hold Swing +3.0

Elections in the 1990s

General election 1997: Harrow East [20]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Tony McNulty 29,962 52.5 +18.7
Conservative Hugh Dykes 20,18935.4-17.4
Liberal Democrats Baldev Sharma4,6978.2-2.7
Referendum Bernard Casey1,5372.7New
UKIP A.J. Scholefield4640.8New
Natural Law Andrew Planton1710.3-0.1
Majority9,73717.1N/A
Turnout 57,02071.3-6.5
Registered electors 79,981
Labour gain from Conservative Swing -18.1
General election 1992: Harrow East [21]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Hugh Dykes 30,752 52.9 −1.3
Labour Tony McNulty 19,65433.8+10.2
Liberal Democrats V.M. Chamberlain6,36010.9-11.3
Liberal P. Burrows1,1422.0New
Natural Law S. Hamza2120.4New
Anti-Federalist League J. Lester490.1New
Majority11,09819.1-11.6
Turnout 58,16977.8+4.4
Registered electors 74,733
Conservative hold Swing -6.2

Elections in the 1980s

General election 1987: Harrow East [22]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Hugh Dykes 32,302 54.2 +4.4
Labour David John Brough14,02923.6+1.3
Liberal Zerbanoo Gifford 13,25122.2−5.7
Majority18,27330.6+8.7
Turnout 59,58273.5+1.0
Registered electors 81,124
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1983: Harrow East [23]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Hugh Dykes 28,834 49.8 -4.5
Liberal Richard Hains16,16627.9+17.5
Labour David Brough12,94122.3-11.5
Majority12,66821.9+1.4
Turnout 57,94172.5-5.4
Registered electors 79,926
Conservative hold Swing

Elections in the 1970s

General election 1979: Harrow East
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Hugh Dykes 20,871 54.32 +8.10
Labour David Miles [24] 12,99333.82-2.99
Liberal Martin Savitt [24] 3,98410.37-6.60
National Front Leslie Le Croissette [24] 5721.49New
Majority7,87820.50+11.09
Turnout 36,93677.85+2.95
Registered electors 49,354
Conservative hold Swing
General election October 1974: Harrow East
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Hugh Dykes 17,073 46.22 +1.57
Labour R.W. Lewis13,59536.81+3.32
Liberal J. McDonnell6,26816.97-4.90
Majority3,4789.41-1.75
Turnout 36,93674.90-7.48
Registered electors 49,315
Conservative hold Swing
General election February 1974: Harrow East
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Hugh Dykes 17,978 44.65 -6.35
Labour K.W. Childerhouse13,48533.49-7.00
Liberal J. McDonnell8,80521.87+13.55
Majority4,49311.16+0.65
Turnout 40,26882.38+6.44
Registered electors 48,878
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1970: Harrow East [25]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Hugh Dykes 19,517 51.00 +7.55
Labour Roy Roebuck 15,49640.49-3.92
Liberal Michael Colne3,1858.32-3.82
Independent Geoffrey Cramp720.19New
Majority4,02110.51N/A
Turnout 38,27075.94-6.82
Registered electors 50,395
Conservative gain from Labour Swing

Elections in the 1960s

General election 1966: Harrow East [26]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Roy Roebuck 17,374 44.41 -2.65
Conservative Anthony Courtney 16,99643.45-9.49
Liberal Michael Colne4,74912.14New
Majority3780.96N/A
Turnout 39,11982.76+2.78
Registered electors 47,267
Labour gain from Conservative Swing
General election 1964: Harrow East [27]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Anthony Courtney 20,307 52.94 -4.28
Labour Jo Richardson 18,04847.06+4.28
Majority2,2595.88-8.56
Turnout 38,35579.98-4.56
Registered electors 47,954
Conservative hold Swing

Elections in the 1950s

General election 1959: Harrow East [28]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Anthony Courtney 23,554 57.22 +2.79
Labour Merlyn Rees 17,60742.78-2.79
Majority5,94714.44+5.58
Turnout 41,16184.54+1.92
Registered electors 49,273
Conservative hold Swing
1959 Harrow East by-election [29] [30]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Anthony T. Courtney 17,776 52.8 -1.63
Labour Merlyn Rees 15,54646.2+0.63
National Union of Small ShopkeepersThomas Lynch3481.0New
Majority2,2206.6-2.2
Turnout 28,79568.96-13.64
Registered electors 48,820
Conservative hold Swing -1.1
General election 1955: Harrow East [31]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Ian Harvey 22,243 54.43 +4.58
Labour Merlyn Rees 18,62145.57+1.59
Majority3,6228.86+2.99
Turnout 40,86482.62-5.24
Registered electors 49,460
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1951: Harrow East [32]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Ian Harvey 26,896 49.85 +5.1
Labour Robert D Rees23,72543.98+2.9
Liberal Geoffrey JE Rhodes3,3296.17-5.91
Majority3,1715.87+3.10
Turnout 53,95087.86+0.63
Registered electors 61,408
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1950: Harrow East [33]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Ian Harvey 23,680 44.75 +9.70
Labour Frederick Skinnard 22,21641.98-4.46
Liberal Desmond Banks 6,39312.08-0.55
Communist Bill Seaman [34] 6331.20-4.67
Majority1,4642.77N/A
Turnout 52,92287.23+9.89
Registered electors 60,668
Conservative gain from Labour Swing

Elections in the 1940s

General election 1945: Harrow East
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Frederick Skinnard 27,613 46.44
Conservative Fredman Ashe Lincoln20,84335.05
Liberal Anthony Gibbs7,51312.63
Communist G Driver3,4935.87
Majority6,77011.39
Turnout 59,46277.34
Registered electors 76,883
Labour win (new seat)

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ A borough constituency (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer)
  2. ↑ As with all constituencies, Harrow East elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wealdstone</span> Human settlement in England

Wealdstone is a district located in the centre of the London Borough of Harrow, England. It is located just north of Harrow town centre and is south of Harrow Weald, west of Belmont and Kenton, and east of Headstone. The area accommodates most of Harrow's industrial and business designated land. Wealdstone was the location of the Kodak Harrow factory; it closed in 2016. Wealdstone is centred on the High Street, and much traffic is bypassed from here by the George Gange Way flyover built in 1996. Its western boundary is formed by Harrow View, across which Headstone Manor lies, whereas on the east is Byron Park and the Belmont Trail. Harrow & Wealdstone station and the council offices are located at its southern end.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">London Borough of Harrow</span> London borough in United Kingdom

The London Borough of Harrow is a London borough in northwest London, England; it forms part of Outer London. It borders four other London boroughs – Barnet to the east of ancient Watling Street, Brent to the southeast, Ealing to the south and Hillingdon to the west – plus the Hertfordshire districts of Three Rivers and Hertsmere to the north. The local authority is Harrow London Borough Council. The London borough was formed in 1965, based on boundaries that had been established in 1934. The borough is made up of three towns: Harrow, Pinner and Stanmore, but also includes western parts of Edgware.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Harrow, London</span> Town in Greater London, England

Harrow is a large town in Greater London, England, and serves as the principal settlement of the London Borough of Harrow. Lying about 9.5 miles (15.3 km) north-west of Charing Cross and 5.4 miles (8.7 km) south of Watford, the entire town including its localities had a population of 149,246 at the 2011 census, whereas the wider borough had a population of 250,149.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Belmont, Harrow</span> Human settlement in England

Belmont is a residential area of the London Borough of Harrow, located between Stanmore, Kenton, Wealdstone and Queensbury.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Romford (UK Parliament constituency)</span> Parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom, 1885 onwards

Romford is a constituency in Greater London represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2001 by Andrew Rosindell, a Conservative.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ealing North (UK Parliament constituency)</span> UK Parliament constituency since 1950

Ealing North is a constituency, created in 1950. Since the 2019 general election, it has been represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament by James Murray of Labour Co-op.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Newcastle upon Tyne Central (UK Parliament constituency)</span> Parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom, 1918 onwards

Newcastle upon Tyne Central is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2010 by Chi Onwurah of the Labour Party. As with all constituencies, the constituency elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Newcastle upon Tyne North (UK Parliament constituency)</span> Parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom, 1918 onwards

Newcastle upon Tyne North is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2010 by Catherine McKinnell of the Labour Party.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Maidenhead (UK Parliament constituency)</span> Parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom, 1997 onwards

Maidenhead is a constituency in Berkshire represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Since its creation at the 1997 general election, the seat has been held by Conservative Member of Parliament Theresa May, who served as Home Secretary from 2010 to 2016 and as Prime Minister from 2016 to 2019. In March 2024, May announced she would be standing down as an MP at the next general election.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bradford South (UK Parliament constituency)</span> Parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom

Bradford South is a constituency in West Yorkshire represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2015 by Judith Cummins of the Labour Party.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Maidstone and The Weald (UK Parliament constituency)</span> UK Parliamentary constituency since 1997

Maidstone and The Weald is a constituency in Kent represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2010 by Helen Grant of the Conservative Party. She succeeded fellow party member Ann Widdecombe, who had held the seat since it was created for the 1997 general election.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tunbridge Wells (UK Parliament constituency)</span>

Tunbridge Wells is a constituency in Kent represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2005 by Greg Clark, a Conservative who served as Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy from 2016 to 2019 and then as Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities in 2022 as part of a caretaker government led by former Prime Minister Boris Johnson.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hertsmere (UK Parliament constituency)</span> Parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom, 1983 onwards

Hertsmere is a constituency in Hertfordshire, England, represented in the House of Commons since 2015 by Oliver Dowden, who currently serves as deputy prime minister.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sutton and Cheam (UK Parliament constituency)</span> Parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom, 1945 onwards

Sutton and Cheam is a constituency in Greater London represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2015 by Paul Scully, a Conservative.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brent North (UK Parliament constituency)</span> UK Parliament constituency in England since 1974

Brent North is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 1997 by Barry Gardiner of the Labour Party.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Harrow West (UK Parliament constituency)</span> Parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom, 1945 onwards

Harrow West is a constituency in Greater London created in 1945 and represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament. Until 1997, it only returned Conservative MPs; since then, it has elected the Labour Co-operative MP Gareth Thomas on a fluctuating majority. Since 2010, this has been bolstered by the loss of Pinner from the seat and the gain of a favourable ward for Labour from Harrow East.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hendon (UK Parliament constituency)</span> Parliamentary constituency in the UK

Hendon is a constituency in Greater London represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2010 by Matthew Offord of the Conservative Party, who announced in May 2023 that he would stand down at the next general election. It was created for the 1997 general election; an earlier version of the seat existed between 1918 and 1945.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Faversham and Mid Kent (UK Parliament constituency)</span>

Faversham and Mid Kent is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament. Since 2015, the seat has been held by Helen Whately of the Conservative Party.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ruislip, Northwood and Pinner (UK Parliament constituency)</span> Parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom, 2010 onwards

Ruislip, Northwood and Pinner is a constituency in Greater London represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2019 by David Simmonds, a Conservative.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2002 Harrow London Borough Council election</span>

Elections for Harrow London Borough Council in London were held on 2 May 2002. It was a part of the wider 2002 London local elections. The Conservatives won 50.4% of the vote in the district. The turnout was 31.5%.

References

  1. ↑ "Electorate Figures – Boundary Commission for England". 2011 Electorate Figures. Boundary Commission for England. 4 March 2011. Archived from the original on 6 November 2010. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
  2. ↑ Parish: Key Statistics: Population. Archived 11 February 2003 at the Wayback Machine (2011 census). Retrieved 2016-05-04.
  3. ↑ "2011 census interactive maps". Archived from the original on 29 January 2016. by comparison, the London Borough of Haringey has 17.8% and Three Rivers District has 17.4%.
  4. ↑ Katwala, Sunder; Ballinger, Steve (September 2017). "Mind the gap: How the ethnic minority vote cost Theresa May her majority" (PDF). British Future.
  5. ↑ Conservative Defence 2022 – Election Polling Election Polling. Retrieved 2018-02-08
  6. ↑ "The Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023". Schedule 1 Part 3 London region.
  7. ↑ Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "H" (part 1)
  8. ↑ "King's Birthday Honours: Harrow East MP Bob Blackman gets CBE". Harrow Times. 16 June 2023. Retrieved 24 February 2024. It's up to the electorate. I've been re-adopted for the next general election.
  9. ↑ "Primesh Patel - A Fresh Start for Harrow East". Primesh Patel. Retrieved 17 January 2024.
  10. ↑ {{Cite web|url=https://www.harrowlibdems.org.uk/}
  11. ↑ "Statement of Persons Nominated and Notice of Poll for Harrow East Constituency". Harrow London Borough Council. 14 November 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2019.
  12. ↑ "Commons Briefing Paper 8749. General Election 2019: results and analysis" (PDF). London: House of Commons Library. 28 January 2020. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
  13. ↑ "Harrow East parliamentary constituency". BBC News.
  14. ↑ "Commons Briefing Paper 7979. General Election 2017: results and analysis" (PDF) (Second ed.). House of Commons Library. 29 January 2019 [7 April 2018]. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 November 2019.
  15. ↑ "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  16. ↑ webmaster@harrow.gov.uk (1 January 2004). "Election results for Harrow East, 7 May 2015".
  17. ↑ "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  18. ↑ "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  19. ↑ "Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  20. ↑ "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  21. ↑ "Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  22. ↑ "Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  23. ↑ "Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  24. 1 2 3 Election Expenses. Parliament of the United Kingdom. 1980. p. 14. ISBN   0102374805.
  25. ↑ The Times' Guide to the House of Commons. 1970.
  26. ↑ The Times' Guide to the House of Commons. 1966.
  27. ↑ The Times' Guide to the House of Commons. 1964.
  28. ↑ The Times' Guide to the House of Commons. 1959.
  29. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 December 2014. Retrieved 26 December 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  30. ↑ "1959 By Election Results". Archived from the original on 10 October 2012. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
  31. ↑ The Times' Guide to the House of Commons. 1955.
  32. ↑ The Times' Guide to the House of Commons. 1951.
  33. ↑ The Times' Guide to the House of Commons. 1950.
  34. ↑ Stevenson, Graham. "Seaman Bill" . Retrieved 22 April 2017.

51°36′22″N0°18′47″W / 51.606°N 0.313°W / 51.606; -0.313

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.