List of satellites which have provided data on Earth's magnetosphere

Last updated

Below is a list of satellites which have provided data on the Earth's magnetosphere.

Satellite Launch Date Inclination of orbital plane to Earth's equator Lifetime (days)Range (γ)SensitivityDistance RE
Sputnik 3 May 15, 195865°30<60,0005%<1.3
Explorer 3 March 1958
Pioneer 1 October 11, 1958Earth impact1<10001%3.7-7.0
Lunik 1 January 2, 1959Solar orbit1<6,000200γ3-6
Explorer 6 August 7, 195947°61<20,0003%2-7.5
Lunik 2 September 12, 1959Lunar impact1.4°<1,50050γ3-6
Vanguard 3 September 18, 195933°8510,000-60,000<1.8
Pioneer 5 March 11, 1960Solar orbit50°<1,0000.05-5γ5-9
Explorer 10 March 25, 196133°2.230-5,0001.8-7
Explorer 12 August 16, 196133°112±50010γ4-13.5
Alouette 1 September 29, 196280°switched off 9/30/197260,0000.3%1.17
Explorer 14 October 3, 196233°300±2505-16.5
Denpa (REXS) August 19, 1972
Kyokko (EXOS-A) February 4, 1978
International Cometary Explorer August 12, 1978
Jikiken (EXOS-B) September 16, 1978
Dynamics Explorer August 3, 1981
GEOTAIL July 24, 1992
WIND November 1, 1994Still operating
Ørsted February 23, 199996.4798°Still operating
IMAGE March 25, 200090°December, 20050.2-7.2
THEMIS February 17, 200716°Still operating
Double Star mission December 29, 2003 & July 25, 2004
Cluster II (spacecraft) missionJuly 16, 2000 and August 9, 200090° (then changed during mission operation)Still operating4-20
Polar
TWINS June 28, 2006 and March 13, 200863°Still operating0.2-6.5
Van Allen Probes August 30, 2012
Ion Release Module
Charge Composition Explorer
MMS March 13, 2015Still operating
ERG 2016Still operating

Notes

1γ = 10−5 oersted = Dynamic range of instrumentation

References