Coenzyme A (CoA, SHCoA, CoASH) is a coenzyme, notable for its role in the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids, and the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle. All genomes sequenced to date encode enzymes that use coenzyme A as a substrate, and around 4% of cellular enzymes use it (or a thioester) as a substrate. In humans, CoA biosynthesis requires cysteine, pantothenate (vitamin B5), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Pantetheine is the cysteamine amide analog of pantothenic acid (vitamin B5). The dimer of this compound, pantethine is more commonly known, and is considered to be the most potent form of vitamin B5. Pantetheine is an intermediate in the production of coenzyme A by the body.
The crotonase family comprises mechanistically diverse proteins that share a conserved trimeric quaternary structure, the core of which consists of 4 turns of a (beta/beta/alpha)n superhelix.
The enzyme UDP-glucose 4-epimerase, also known as UDP-galactose 4-epimerase or GALE, is a homodimeric epimerase found in bacterial, fungal, plant, and mammalian cells. This enzyme performs the final step in the Leloir pathway of galactose metabolism, catalyzing the reversible conversion of UDP-galactose to UDP-glucose. GALE tightly binds nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a co-factor required for catalytic activity.
In enzymology, a dihydrofolate synthase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a pantoate—β-alanine ligase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a phosphopantothenate—cysteine ligase also known as phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthetase (PPCS) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction which constitutes the second of five steps involved in the conversion of pantothenate to Coenzyme A. The reaction is:
In enzymology, a succinate-CoA ligase (ADP-forming) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a tetrahydrofolate synthase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
The enzyme [acyl-carrier-protein] phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.14) catalyzes the reaction
In enzymology, an ATP phosphoribosyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 6.3.4.21) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a dephospho-CoA kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a [glutamate—ammonia-ligase] adenylyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, nicotinamide-nucleotide adenylyltransferase (NMNAT) (EC 2.7.7.1) are enzymes that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a nicotinate-nucleotide adenylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.18) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a pantetheine kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
CCA tRNA nucleotidyltransferase is an enzyme with systematic name CTP,CTP,ATP:tRNA cytidylyl,cytidylyl,adenylyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
