The police in Canada's ranks differ according to the different police forces and depend on different laws at the federal, provincial, and municipal levels.
The rank system of the RCMP is partly a result of their origin as a paramilitary force. Upon its founding on February 1, 1920, the RCMP adopted the rank insignia of the Canadian Army (which in turn came from the British Army), which is almost identical to that of the current Canadian Army. Like in the military, the RCMP also has a distinction between commissioned and non-commissioned officers. [1] [2] The non-commissioned ranks are mostly based on military ranks (apart from constable). Non-commissioned officer ranks above staff sergeant resemble those that formerly existed in the Canadian Army but have since been replaced by warrant officers. [3] The commissioned officer ranks, by contrast, use a set of non-military titles that are often used in Commonwealth police services. The number of higher ranks, like chief superintendent and a deputy commissioner, has been added to and increased since the formation of the force, while the lower commissioned rank of sub-inspector has been dropped.
Commissioner | Superintendent | Inspector | ||||||||||||||
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Commissioner Commissaire | Deputy commissioner Sous-commissaire | Assistant commissioner Commissaire adjoint | Chief superintendent Surintendant principal | Superintendent Surintendant | Inspector Inspecteur | |||||||||||
Slip on rank slides | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
Non-commissioned officers | Constables | Depot | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Corps sergeant major | Sergeant major | Staff sergeant major | Staff sergeant | Sergeant | Corporal | Constable | Cadet | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sergent-major du corps | Sergent-major | Sergent-major d'état major | Sergent d'état-major | Sergent | Caporal | Gendarme | Cadet | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Slip on rank slides | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
The PPS uses a similar ranks system to the RCMP, with the director being a chief superintendent on secondment from the RCMP. [5] The officer-in-charge of PPS operations holds the rank of superintendent, team managers hold the rank of sergeant, supervisors hold the rank of corporal, and officers with no leadership responsibility hold the rank of constable. [6] [7]
Peace officer ranks for the Alberta Sheriffs Branch: [8]
Ranks | Chief sheriff | Deputy chief | Superintendent | Inspector | Branch sergeant major | Sergeant | Sheriff III FTO | Sheriff III | Sheriff II | Sheriff I |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Insignia | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | No insignia | No insignia | ![]() |
Ranks [9] | Chief of police | Deputy chief | Superintendent | Inspector | Corps sergeant major | Staff sergeant | Sergeant | Senior constable | Constable |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Insignia [9] | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | No insignia |
Ranks | Chief of police | Deputy chief | Inspector | Staff sergeant | Sergeant | Senior constable | Constable |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Insignia | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | No insignia |
Ranks [10] | Chief sheriff | Deputy chief | Superintendent | Staff inspector | Inspector | Staff sergeant | Sergeant | Deputy sheriff | Recruit sheriff |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Insignia | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
No traditional ranking system outside of the ceremonial unit is in place.
Rank | Chief officer | Deputy chief officer | Superintendent | Inspector | Staff sergeant | Sergeant | Constable |
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Insignia | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
Rank [11] | Chief constable | Deputy chief constable | Superintendent | Inspector | Staff sergeant | Sergeant | Police constable 1st class/detective | Police constable 2nd class | Police constable 3rd class | Police constable 4th class |
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Insignia [11] | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
Rank | Chief of police | Deputy chief of police | Superintendent | Inspector | Staff sergeant | Sergeant | Detective sergeant / patrol sergeant | Senior constable | Constable |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Insignia | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
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The Royal Newfoundland Constabulary is the provincial police service for the province of Newfoundland and Labrador.
Rank | Commanding officers | Senior officers | Police officers | Officers in training | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chief constable | Deputy chief | Superintendent | Inspector | Staff sergeant | Sergeant | Constable | Cadet | |
Insignia | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
The Office of the High Sheriff of Newfoundland and Labrador is a provincial law enforcement agency in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador. Founded in 1729, it is the oldest law enforcement agency in Canada.
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Nova Scotia uses Sheriffs. [12]
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Rank structure within the Ontario Provincial Police is paramilitary or quasi-military in nature, with several "non-commissioned" ranks leading to the "officer" ranks. Detective ranks fall laterally with the uniform ranks and is not a promotion above. Police constables in the OPP are uniquely known as "provincial constables." [13]
Historic now defunct ranks:
The rank insignia of the Toronto Police Service is similar to that used by police services elsewhere in Canada and in the United Kingdom, except that the usual "pips" are replaced by maple leaves. The St. Edward's Crown is found on insignia of staff sergeant, all superintendent ranks and all commanding officer ranks. The same rank insignia are also used by the York Regional Police. [14]
Rank | Special constables | |
---|---|---|
Special constable supervisor | Special constable | |
Insignia (slip-on) | ![]() | ![]() |
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Ranks of Sûreté du Québec [15] [16] | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
General staff officers | Officers | Sub-Officers | Agents | |||||
Directeur general | Directeur adjoint | Inspecteur chef | Inspecteur | Capitaine | Lieutenant | Sergent | Chef d'equipe | Agent |
Director general of the SQ | Associate director | Chief inspector | Inspector | Captain | Lieutenant | Sergeant | Team leader | Constable |
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Ranks and insignia of the Kativik Regional Police Force are similar to those of Sûreté du Québec.
Ranks of Kativik Regional Police | ||||||||
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Officers | Sub-Officers | Agents | ||||||
Chef | Chef deputé | Capitaine | Sergent | Agent | ||||
Chief | Deputy Chief | Captain | Sergeant | Constable | ||||
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Ranks of the Service de police de la Ville de Montréal : [17]
The Regina Police Service Ranks is a police force in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan that has the following ranks:
The Weyburn Police Service is a Canadian Police Service in the Province of Saskatchewan.
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The Nishnawbe-Aski Police Service (NAPS) is the police agency for Nishnawbe-Aski Nation (NAN).
The Transit Enforcement Unit (TEU; formerly known as the Special Constable Services Department) is the transit law enforcement and corporate security unit of the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) in Toronto.
Different Canadian auxiliary police programs use various ranks, including some of the following:
The Alberta Provincial Police was a police force active in Alberta, Canada, from 1917 until 1932.
The Newfoundland Ranger Force was the police force of the Dominion of Newfoundland before its confederation with Canada.
1870–1900 | Commissioner | Deputy commissioner | Assistant commissioner | Chief superintendent | Superintendent | Inspector | Sub-inspector |
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Other ranks | |||||
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1870s | Chief constable [19] | Staff constable [20] | Constable [19] | Sub-constable | |
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1880s–1890s | Sergeant major [21] | Staff sergeant [22] | Sergeant [23] | Corporal | Constable |
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1900s | Sergeant major | Staff sergeant | Sergeant | Corporal | Constable |
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The Royal Canadian Mounted Police is the national police service of Canada. The RCMP is an agency of the Government of Canada; it also provides police services under contract to 11 provinces and territories, over 150 municipalities, and 600 Indigenous communities. The RCMP is commonly known as the Mounties in English.
A constable is a person holding a particular office, most commonly in law enforcement. The office of constable can vary significantly in different jurisdictions. Constable is commonly the rank of an officer within a police service. Other people may be granted powers of a constable without holding this title.
Sergeant, is a rank in use by the armed forces of many countries. It is also a police rank in some police services. The alternative spelling, serjeant, is used in The Rifles and in other units that draw their heritage from the British light infantry. The word "sergeant" derives from the Latin serviens, 'one who serves', through the Old French term serjant.
The National Police, formerly known as the Sûreté nationale, is one of two national police forces of France, the other being the National Gendarmerie. The National Police is the country's main civil law enforcement agency, with primary jurisdiction in cities and large towns. By contrast, the National Gendarmerie has primary jurisdiction in smaller towns, as well as in rural and border areas. The National Police comes under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of the Interior and has about 145,200 employees. Young French citizens can fulfill their mandatory service in the national police force.
A chief of police (COP) is the title given to an appointed official or an elected one in the chain of command of a police department, particularly in North America. A chief of police may also be known as a police chief or sometimes just a chief, while some countries favour other titles such as commissioner or chief constable. A police chief is appointed by and answerable to a state or local government.
Police ranks are a system of hierarchical relationships in police organisations. The rank system defines authority and responsibility in a police organisation, and affects the culture within the police force. Usually, uniforms denote the bearer's rank by particular insignia affixed to the uniforms.
Chief superintendent is a senior rank in police forces, especially in those organised on the British model.
Inspector, also police inspector or inspector of police, is a police rank. The rank or position varies in seniority depending on the organization that uses it.
The Service de police de la Ville de Montréal is the municipal police agency for the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada, and the neighbouring communities in the urban agglomeration of Montreal. With over 4,500 officers and more than 1,300 civilian staff, it is the second-largest municipal police agency in Canada after the Toronto Police Service.
The Service de police de Laval is the municipal police force of the city of Laval, Quebec, north of Montreal. The service consists of approximately 800 officers and civilian employees.
Superintendent (Supt) is a rank in the British police and in most English-speaking Commonwealth nations. In many Commonwealth countries, the full version is superintendent of police (SP). The rank is also used in most British Overseas Territories, in many former British colonies, as well as in Portugal and in several former Portuguese colonies. In some countries, such as Italy, the rank of superintendent is a lower rank.
The Royal Cayman Islands Police Service (RCIPS) is the standing police force of the British Overseas Territory of the Cayman Islands. The police force was formed in 1907 and currently (2009) stands at 343 enlisted officers, tasked with tackling Crime in the Cayman Islands.
The Royal Falkland Islands Police (RFIP) is the territorial police force responsible for law enforcement within the Falkland Islands. The current Chief Police Officer is Superintendent Barry Thacker. The Falkland Islands Police Force was granted the "Royal" prefix by Queen Elizabeth II on 1 January 1992.
The Newfoundland Ranger Force was the police force of the Dominion of Newfoundland. It provided law enforcement and other government services to outports for 15 years. It existed from 1935 to 1949, at which point it was merged into the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP). 204 men served as Rangers during its existence, though at any given time the force did not exceed 72 members.
The United States police-rank model is generally quasi-military in structure. A uniform system of insignia based on that of the US Army and Marine Corps is used to help identify an officer's seniority.
The New Year Honours were appointments by King George V to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of the United Kingdom and British Empire. They were announced on 31 December 1926.
The New Year Honours 1914 were appointments by King George V to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by members of the British Empire. They were announced on 2 January 1914.
The New Year Honours 1922 were appointments by King George V to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by members of the British Empire. They were published on 30 December 1921.
A police lieutenant is a police rank in some police departments, such as the French National Police, the Netherlands Royal Marechaussee, the Philippine National Police, the Police of Russia, the National Police of Ukraine, the Estonian Police and Border Guard Board, the Police of Armenia, the Militia of the Republic of Belarus, the Federal Police of Germany, the Vietnam People's Public Security, the Spain Civil Guard, the Royal Thai Police, the Buenos Aires Provincial Police, the Mossos d'Esquadra, the Sûreté du Québec, and various law enforcement agencies in the United States.
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