Wu Shulian is an individual who created and published by himself the rankings for universities in China. Wu Shulian's ranking has caused significant controversy due to his excessive business operations behind the rankings and for-profit indicator system design of the rankings. The publication of the rankings has been criticized by many Chinese media, including Xinhua News Agency, People's Daily, and Guangming Daily. The Ministry of Education of China strongly opposed the university rankings as it was based on the payment of "fees." [1] [2] [3]
The annual ranking has been continuously released since 1996. Top 100 universities out of 2,236 colleges and universities (general/integrated ranking) since 2002 are as below, as well as 1996 ranking.
Notes:
In 2009, the leader of this university ranking program, Mr. Wu Shulian, was reported to have been involved in a fee-for-ranking scandal, involving universities being able to pay money to the ranking program in order to boost their rankings. [5] Consequently, the creditability of his ranking came under criticism. The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China strongly opposes all university rankings, especially those based on payment of “fees”, a ministry spokeswoman Xu Mei said.
A study by an anonymous group from the Chinese University of Science and Technology showed that California Institute of Technology would fail to rank on the Chinese university rankings if calculated by Wu Shulian's ranking standard, which was considered ridiculous due to that university's international reputation as a leading research institution. [6] This widespread controversy has greatly affected the credit of this ranking program and has frequently been reported on by the media. [7] [8] Wu Shuliang officially responded with paper in Higher Education Development and Evaluation [9] [10] addressing several mistakes made by the study, including failure to correctly use the ranking method, failure to show the calculation process, meaning that the calculations cannot be repeated, inappropriately publishing classified data from the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, inappropriate use of unavailable/non-equivalent indices/scores for California Institute of Technology constituting 78.79% of total indices/scores. [11] Wu Shuliang's paper shows California Institute of Technology clearly ranks much higher than any of Chinese Universities using his published method with proper treatment.
Beijing Foreign Studies University is a public university in Haidian, Beijing, China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education. The university is part of Project 211 and the Double First-Class Construction.
Sichuan International Studies University is a public research university in Chongqing, China. It is one of the top eight foreign studies universities in China.
The University of Shanghai for Science and Technology is a municipal public university in Shanghai, China. The university is affiliated with the City of Shanghai and funded by the Shanghai Municipal People's Government.
Wuhan University is a public university in Wuhan, Hubei, China. It is affiliated with and funded by the Ministry of Education of China. The university is part of Project 985, Project 211, and the Double First-Class Construction.
The Huazhong University of Science and Technology is a public university located in Wuhan, Hubei, China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education of China. The university is part of Project 985, Project 211, and the Double First Class University Plan.
The Wuhan University of Technology is a public university in Wuhan, Hubei, China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education. The university is part of the Double First-Class Construction and Project 211.
Shihezi University is a public university in Shihezi, Xinjiang, China. Founded in 1996, it is affiliated with the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, and co-funded by the Ministry of Education and the Corps. The university is part of Project 211 and the Double First-Class Construction.
Wuyi University is a public university based in Jiangmen, Guangdong, China.
Dancing Forever is a compilation album by Taiwanese singer Jolin Tsai. It was released on September 29, 2006, by EMI and Mars. It contains seven new songs, six remixes, and one video that chronicled the Pulchritude Concert at Kaohsiung Cultural Center in Kaohsiung, Taiwan on July 1, 2006. The track, "Marry Me Today", won a Golden Melody Award for Song of the Year.
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China uses various methods to carry out nationwide anti-drug publicity and education and popularize drug prevention knowledge. The main purpose is to strengthen citizens' anti-drug awareness and improve citizens' awareness of the harm of drugs. A major task of comprehensive anti-drug publicity and education is to popularize drug prevention knowledge, reveal the serious harm of drug abuse to individuals, families, and society, strengthen the anti-drug awareness of the entire population, especially young people, educate the public security bureau to combat drug-related crimes, and build an effective mechanism for the whole society to prevent drug abuse. Minimize the proportion of new drug addicts. It can be said that the anti-drug publicity and education work with preventive education as the main task is the fundamental solution to the anti-drug work, and its effect kills two birds with one stone.
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