1886 Spanish general election

1886 Spanish general election

←  1884 4 April 1886 (Congress) 25 April 1886 (Senate) 1891  →
All 434 [a] seats in the Congress of Deputies and 180 (of 360) seats in the Senate 218 seats needed for a majority in the Congress of Deputies
Registered	807,175
Turnout	475,712 (58.9%)
First party Second party Third party   Leader Práxedes Mateo Sagasta Antonio Cánovas del Castillo Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla Party Liberal Conservative Republican Leader since 1880 1874 1880 Leader's seat Logroño Cieza — Last election 43 (C) ·15 (S) 342 (C) ·140 (S) 9 (C) ·0 (S) Seats won 309 (C) ·123 (S) 70 (C) ·33 (S) 20 (C) ·3 (S) Seat change 266 (C) · 108 (S) 272 (C) · 107 (S) 11 (C) · 3 (S)   Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party   Leader Francisco Romero Robledo Emilio Castelar José López Domínguez Party Liberal Reformist Possibilist Leftist Leader since 1886 1879 1884 Leader's seat Antequera Huesca Coín Last election Did not contest 3 (C) ·2 (S) 36 (C) ·8 (S) Seats won 11 (C) ·4 (S) 11 (C) ·4 (S) 12 (C) ·2 (S) Seat change 11 (C) · 4 (S) 8 (C) · 2 (S) 24 (C) · 6 (S)
Prime Minister before election Práxedes Mateo Sagasta Liberal Prime Minister after election Práxedes Mateo Sagasta Liberal

A general election was held in Spain on Sunday, 4 April (for the Congress of Deputies) and on Sunday, 25 April 1886 (for the Senate), to elect the members of the 4th Restoration Cortes. All 434 ^[a] seats in the Congress of Deputies were up for election, as well as 180 of 360 seats in the Senate. The electorate comprised about 4.6% of the country's population. ^[1]

During this period, an informal system known as turno or turnismo was operated by the country's two main parties—the Conservatives and the Liberals—to determine in advance the outcome of elections by means of electoral fraud, often achieved through the territorial clientelistic networks of local bosses (the caciques ), ensuring that both parties would have rotating periods in power. As a result, elections were often neither truly free nor fair, though they could be more competitive in the country's urban centres where caciquism was weaker.

The election resulted in a large majority for the government-supported candidates of the Liberal Party, which was possible through Antonio Cánovas del Castillo's peaceful handover of power to Práxedes Mateo Sagasta, in what came to be known as the Pact of El Pardo. Running against the pact were the Francisco Romero Robledo and José López Domínguez-led factions within the Conservative and Liberal parties, respectively, but which failed to achieve decisive breakthroughs. The resulting legislature would come to be known as the "Long Parliament" (Spanish: Parlamento Largo): lasting from 1886 to 1891, it would be the only one during the Restoration period to last its full five year-term. ^[2]

Background

Following the Bourbon Restoration in 1874, the Spanish Constitution of 1876 enshrined Spain as a semi-constitutional monarchy , awarding the monarch —under the royal prerogative —the right of legislative initiative together with the bicameral Cortes ; the capacity to veto laws passed by the legislative body; the power to appoint government members (including the prime minister ); the ability to grant or deny parliamentary dissolution , the adjournment of legislative sessions and the signature of royal decrees ; as well as the title of commander-in-chief of the armed forces . ^{[3] [4]} The monarch would play a key role in the turno system by appointing and dismissing governments, which would then organize elections to provide themselves with a parliamentary majority. This informal system allowed the two major " dynastic " political parties at the time, the Conservatives and the Liberals —characterized as oligarchic , elite parties with loose structures dominated by internal factions, each led by powerful individuals—to alternate in power by means of electoral fraud ( pucherazo ). This was achieved by assigning candidates to districts before the elections were held ( encasillado ), then arrange their victory through the links between the Ministry of Governance and the territorial clientelistic networks of provincial governors and local bosses (the caciques ), excluding minor parties from the power sharing. ^{[5] [6]}

The death of King Alfonso XII in November 1885 at the age of 27, with no heir apparent and with her spouse—Maria Christina of Austria—poised to become queen regent under the provisions of the Constitution, had seen a prospective political crisis being averted by the informal Pact of El Pardo between Antonio Cánovas del Castillo, incumbent prime minister and Conservative leader, and Práxedes Mateo Sagasta, leader of the opposition Liberal Party. Through the agreement, both political parties—which had dominated Spanish politics during the early Restoration period—aimed to temporarily thwart the political fighting within the monarchist camp and provide stability to the regime by definitely establishing the turno system of alternance. As a result, Cánovas peacefully handed over power to Sagasta, who earlier that year had unified the various factions within his party under the "guarantee law": an agreement under which the Liberals would develop the freedoms and rights recognized during the Democratic Sexennium in exchange for the acceptance of shared sovereignty between the King and the Cortes, a basic principle of the 1876 Constitution. ^{[7] [8]} Francisco Romero Robledo, who vied for power with Francisco Silvela within the Conservative party, split off in protest to Cánovas' "voluntary relinquishment" of government. ^{[9] [10] [11]} In May 1886, Maria Cristina would give birth to Alfonso XII's posthumous son, who would automatically become King Alfonso XIII. ^[12]

The 1884–1885 period saw some calamities that the Cánovas government had to handle, such as the Alcudia bridge disaster, the 1884 Andalusian earthquake and the 1885 cholera epidemic in Spain. It also saw the Berlin Conference, the starting point of the Scramble for Africa, in which Spain successfully claimed and established the colony of Spanish Sahara. The Carolines Question, a conflict between Spain and the German Empire over the sovereignty of the Caroline Islands and Palau in the western Pacific, was resolved through arbitration by the Holy See. ^[7]

Overview

Electoral system

The Spanish Cortes were envisaged as "co-legislative bodies", based on a nearly perfect bicameral system. ^[13] Both the Congress of Deputies and the Senate had legislative, control and budgetary functions, sharing equal powers except for laws on contributions or public credit, the first reading of which corresponded to Congress, and impeachment processes against government ministers, in which each chamber had separate powers of indictment (Congress) and trial (Senate). ^{[14] [15]} Voting for each chamber of the Cortes was on the basis of censitary suffrage:

• For the Congress, it comprised national males over 25 years of age fulfilling one of the following criteria: being taxpayers with a minimum quota of Pts 25 per territorial contribution (paid at least one year in advance) or Pts 50 per industrial subsidy (paid at least two years in advance); having a particular position (full academics in the royal academies; members of ecclesiastical councils, including parish priests; active public employees with a yearly salary of at least Pts 2,000; unemployed and retired public employees; general officers of the Army and Navy exempt from service, and retired military and naval chiefs and officers; reporters, chamber secretaries and court clerks of higher courts; and certified teachers); painters and sculptors awarded in national or international exhibitions; or those having at least a two-year residency in a municipality, provided that an educational or professional capacity could be proven. ^{[16] [17] [18]} In Cuba and Puerto Rico, the taxpayer quota requirement was set at Pts 125 for both the territorial contribution and the industrial or trade subsidy; additionally for the Spanish West Indies, those who, having been subject to servitude, had not been freed and exempt from patronage for at least three years, were barred from being electors. ^{[19] [20]} As a result of the Basque Provinces and Navarre not paying territorial and industrial contributions in individual installments—owing to their special chartered regime—electors in those territories were instead required to prove having a capital of Pts 2,400 in real estate, crops or livestock, or Pts 4,800 in industry, commerce, profession or trade. ^[21]

Voters were required to not being sentenced—by a final court ruling—to perpetual disqualification from political rights or public offices, to afflictive penalties not legally rehabilitated at least two years in advance, nor to other criminal penalties that remained unserved at the time of the election; neither being legally incapacitated, bankrupt, insolvent, nor debtors of public funds. ^{[16] [19]}

• For the Senate, it comprised archbishops and bishops (in the ecclesiastical councils); full academics (in the royal academies); rectors, full professors, enrolled doctors, directors of secondary education institutes and heads of special schools in their respective territories (in the universities); members with at least a three-year-old membership (in the economic societies of Friends of the Country); major taxpayers and Spanish citizens of age, being householders residing in Spain and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights (for delegates in the local councils); and provincial deputies. ^[22]

The Congress of Deputies was entitled to one member per each 50,000 inhabitants, distributed among the provinces of Spain. ^[23] 111 seats were distributed among 31 multi-member constituencies and elected using a partial block voting system: in constituencies electing eight seats, electors could vote for up to six candidates; in those with seven seats, for up to five candidates; in those with six seats, for up to four; and in those with four or five seats, for up to three candidates. ^[24] The remaining seats—322 for the 1886 election—were allocated to single-member districts and elected using plurality voting. ^{[25] [26]} Additionally, up to ten deputies could be elected through cumulative voting in several single-member constituencies, provided that they obtained more than 10,000 votes overall. ^[27]

As a result of the aforementioned allocation, each Congress multi-member constituency was entitled the following seats: ^{[25] [28] [29]}

Seats	Constituencies
8	Havana, Madrid
5	Barcelona, Palma, Santa Clara
4	Santiago de Cuba, Seville
3	Alicante, Almería, Badajoz, Burgos, Cádiz, Cartagena, Córdoba, Granada, Jaén, Jerez de la Frontera, La Coruña, Lugo, Málaga, Matanzas, Murcia, Oviedo, Pamplona, Pinar del Río, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Santander, Tarragona, Valencia, Valladolid, Zaragoza

For the Senate, 180 seats were elected using an indirect, write-in, two-round majority voting system. ^{[30] [31]} Voters in the economic societies, the local councils and major taxpayers elected delegates—equivalent in number to one per each 50 members (in each economic society) or to one-sixth of the councillors (in each local council), with an initial minimum of one—who, together with other voting-able electors, would in turn vote for senators. ^[32] The provinces of Álava, Albacete, Ávila, Biscay, Cuenca, Guadalajara, Guipúzcoa, Huelva, Logroño, Matanzas, Palencia, Pinar del Río, Puerto Príncipe, Santa Clara, Santander, Santiago de Cuba, Segovia, Soria, Teruel, Valladolid and Zamora were allocated two seats each, whereas each of the remaining provinces was allocated three seats, for a total of 147. ^{[33] [34] [35]} The remaining 33 were allocated to special districts comprising a number of institutions, electing one seat each—the archdioceses of Burgos, Granada, Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Cuba, Seville, Tarragona, Toledo, Valencia, Valladolid and Zaragoza; the six oldest royal academies (the Royal Spanish; History; Fine Arts of San Fernando; Exact, Physical and Natural Sciences; Moral and Political Sciences and Medicine); the universities of Madrid, Barcelona, Granada, Havana, Oviedo, Salamanca, Santiago, Seville, Valencia, Valladolid and Zaragoza; and the economic societies of Friends of the Country from Madrid, Barcelona, Havana–Puerto Rico, León, Seville and Valencia. ^{[34] [36]}

An additional 180 seats comprised senators in their own right—the monarch's offspring and the heir apparent once coming of age; grandees of Spain with an annual income of at least Pts 60,000 (from their own real estate or from rights that enjoy the same legal consideration); captain generals of the Army and admirals of the Navy; the Patriarch of the Indies and archbishops; and the presidents of the Council of State, the Supreme Court, the Court of Auditors, the Supreme Council of War and Navy, after two years of service—as well as senators for life appointed directly by the monarch. ^[37]

The law provided for by-elections to fill seats vacated in both the Congress and Senate throughout the legislature's term. ^{[38] [39]}

Eligibility

For the Congress, Spanish citizens of age, of secular status, in full enjoyment of their civil rights and with the legal capacity to vote could run for election, provided that they were not contractors of public works or services, within the territorial scope of their contracts, in the year prior to the election; nor holders of government-appointed offices, presidents of provincial deputations and members of their permanent commissions, local mayors and deputy mayors, as well as presidents of polling stations and civil, mining and forest engineers—during their tenure of office and up to one year after their dismissal—in constituencies within the whole or part of their respective area of jurisdiction; ^{[40] [41]} additionally for the Spanish West Indies, those who, having been subject to servitude, had not been freed and exempt from patronage for at least ten years, were barred from running. ^[42] A number of other positions were exempt from ineligibility, provided that no more than 40 deputies benefitted from these: ^[43]

• Civil, military and judicial positions with a permanent residence in Madrid and a yearly public salary of at least Pts 12,500;
• The holders of a number of positions: the president, prosecutors and chamber presidents of the territorial court of Madrid; the rector and full professors of the Central University of Madrid; inspectors of engineers; and general officers of the Army and Navy based in Madrid.

For the Senate, eligibility was limited to Spanish citizens over 35 years of age and not subject to criminal prosecution, disfranchisement nor asset seizure, provided that they were entitled to be appointed as senators in their own right or belonged or had belonged to one of the following categories: ^{[44] [45]}

• Those who had ever served as senators before the promulgation of the 1876 Constitution; and deputies having served in at least three different congresses or eight terms;
• The holders of a number of positions: presidents of the Senate and the Congress; government ministers; bishops; grandees of Spain not eligible as senators in their own right; and presidents and directors of the royal academies;
• Provided an annual income of at least Pts 7,500 from either their own property, salaries from jobs that cannot be lost except for legally proven cause, or from retirement, withdrawal or termination: full academics of the aforementioned corporations on the first half of the seniority scale in their corps; first-class inspectors general of the corps of civil, mining and forest engineers; and full professors with at least four years of seniority in their category and practice;
• Provided two prior years of service: Army's lieutenant generals and Navy's vice admirals; and other members and prosecutors of the Council of State, the Supreme Court, the Court of Auditors, the Supreme Council of War and Navy, and the dean of the Court of Military Orders;
• Ambassadors after two years of service and plenipotentiaries after four;
• Those with an annual income of Pts 20,000 or were taxpayers with a minimum quota of Pts 4,000 in direct contributions at least two years in advance, provided that they either belonged to the Spanish nobility, had been previously deputies, provincial deputies or mayors in provincial capitals or towns over 20,000 inhabitants.

Other causes of ineligibility for the Senate were imposed on territorial-level officers in government bodies and institutions—during their tenure of office and up to three months after their dismissal—in constituencies within the whole or part of their respective area of jurisdiction; contractors of public works or services; tax collectors and their guarantors; debtors of the State; deputies; local councillors (except those in Madrid); and provincial deputies for their respective provinces. ^[46]

Election date

The term of each chamber of the Cortes—the Congress and one-half of the elective part of the Senate—expired five years from the date of their previous election, unless they were dissolved earlier. ^[47] The previous Congress and Senate elections were held on 27 April and 8 May 1884, which meant that the legislature's terms would have expired on 27 April and 8 May 1889, respectively. The monarch had the prerogative to dissolve both chambers at any given time—either jointly or separately—and call a snap election. ^{[48] [49]} There was no constitutional requirement for concurrent elections to the Congress and the Senate, nor for the elective part of the Senate to be renewed in its entirety except in the case that a full dissolution was agreed by the monarch. Still, there was only one case of a separate election (for the Senate in 1877) and no half-Senate elections taking place under the 1876 Constitution.

The Cortes were officially dissolved on 8 March 1886, with the dissolution decree setting the election dates for 4 April (for the Congress) and 25 April 1886 (for the Senate) and scheduling for both chambers to reconvene on 10 May. ^[50]

Results

Congress of Deputies

← Summary of the 4 April 1886 Congress of Deputies election results →

Parties and alliances		Popular vote		Seats
		Votes	%
	Liberal Party (PL)			309
	Liberal Conservative Party (PLC)			70
	Republican Union (UR)			20
	Dynastic Left (ID)			12
	Liberal Reformist Party (PLR)			11
	Possibilist Democratic Party (PDP)			11
	Traditionalist Communion (Carlist) (CT)			1
Total		475,712		434
Votes cast / turnout		475,712	58.94
Abstentions		331,463	41.06
Registered voters		807,175
Sources [51] [52] [53]

Seats PL   71.20% PLC   16.13% UR   4.61% ID   2.76% PLR   2.53% PDP   2.53% CT   0.23%

Senate

← Summary of the 25 April 1886 Senate of Spain election results →

Parties and alliances		Seats
	Liberal Party (PL)	123
	Liberal Conservative Party (PLC)	33
	Liberal Reformist Party (PLR)	4
	Possibilist Democratic Party (PDP)	4
	Republican Union (UR)	3
	Dynastic Left (ID)	2
	Independents (INDEP)	1
	Archbishops (ARCH)	10
Total elective seats		180
Sources [54]

Seats PL   68.33% PLC   18.33% PLR   2.22% PDP   2.22% UR   1.67% ID   1.11% INDEP   0.56% ARCH   5.56%

Distribution by group

Summary of political group distribution in the 4th Restoration Cortes (1886–1891)

Group		Parties and alliances		C	S	Total
	PL		Liberal Party (PL)	290	112	432
			Constitutional Union of Cuba (UCC)	12	8
			Unconditional Spanish Party (PIE)	6	2
			Basque Dynastics (Urquijist) (DV)	1	1
	PLC		Liberal Conservative Party (PLC)	63	27	103
			Constitutional Union of Cuba (UCC)	3	5
			Unconditional Spanish Party (PIE)	4	1
	UR		Progressive Republican Party (PRP)	10	1	23
			Autonomist Liberal Party (PLA)	6	1
			Liberal Reformist Party of Puerto Rico (PLRP)	3	1
			Federal Republican Party (PRF)	1	0
	PLR		Liberal Reformist Party (PLR)	9	4	15
			Constitutional Union of Cuba (UCC)	2	0
	PDP		Possibilist Democratic Party (PDP)	11	4	15
	ID		Dynastic Left (ID)	8	2	14
			Unconditional Spanish Party (PIE)	2	0
			Constitutional Union of Cuba (UCC)	1	0
			Independents (INDEP)	1	0
	CT		Traditionalist Communion (Carlist) (CT)	1	0	1
	INDEP		Basque Dynastics (Urquijist) (DV)	0	1	1
	ARCH		Archbishops (ARCH)	0	10	10
Total				434	180	614

By-elections

Summary of Congress of Deputies and Senate by-elections in the 1886–1890 period. ^{[55] [56]} Where seats changed political affiliation at the election, the result is highlighted:

Congress

Constituency	Date	Incumbent	Affiliation		Elected	Affiliation		Cause
Casas-Ibáñez	11 July 1886 [57]	Federico Ochando y Chumillas		PL	Andrés Ochando y Chumillas		PL	Resignation (opted for the district of Alcaraz). [58]
Sequeros	18 July 1886 [59]	Juan Antonio Martín Sánchez		INDEP	Luis Aparicio y López		PL	Declaration of ineligibility (territorial-level public officer in a district within his area of jurisdiction). [b]
Vergara	18 July 1886 [59]	Vac­ant			Francisco Ansaldo y Otalora		PL	Election nullification (tie). [c]
Caldas de Reyes	25 July 1886 [62]	Miguel de Goicoechea y Jurado		PL	José del Perojo y Figueras		PL	Resignation (appointed military governor of the province of Murcia and Cartagena). [63]
Castropol	22 August 1886 [64]	Dionisio Pinedo Luis Blanco		PL	Julián de Zugasti y Sáenz		PL	Resignation (poor health). [65]
Morón de la Frontera	22 August 1886 [64]	Manuel de la Rosa García		PL	Tomás Montejo y Rica		PL	Declaration of ineligibility (territorial-level public officer in a district within his area of jurisdiction). [d] [68]
Lalín	29 August 1886 [69]	Antonio Aguilar y Correa		PL	Ángel Urzaiz y Cuesta		PL	Resignation (opted for the district of Madrid). [70]
Daimiel	19 December 1886 [71]	Emilio Nieto y Pérez		PL	Emilio Nieto y Pérez		PL	Resignation (appointed director-general for Penal Institutions). [72]
Ribadavia	19 December 1886 [71]	Adolfo Merelles y Caula		PL	Adolfo Merelles y Caula		PL	Resignation (appointed undersecretary of Governance). [72]
Lorca	19 December 1886 [73]	Manuel Gómez Marín		PL	Manuel Gómez Marín		PL	Resignation (appointed director-general for State Litigation). [74]
Vega Baja	2 January 1887 [75]	Rafael Terol Ortega		PLC/PIE	José de Celis Aguilera		PL/PIE	Election nullification (ballot stuffing). [76]
Lucena	9 January 1887 [77]	Antonio Aguilar y Correa		PL	Manuel Mariátegui y Vinyals		PL	Resignation (opted for the district of Madrid). [78]
Villarcayo	9 January 1887 [79]	Manuel María del Valle y Cárdenas		PL	Manuel María del Valle y Cárdenas		PL	Resignation (appointed director-general for Stagnant Income). [72]
Gracia	16 January 1887 [80]	Francisco María de Borbón y de Castellví		PL	José Bosch y Serrahima		PL	Election nullification (ballot stuffing and dead people voting). [81]
Almadén	23 January 1887 [82]	Ceferino Avecilla y González		PL	Juan Rózpide y Bériz		PL	Election nullification (artificial migration and disenfranchisement). [83] [84]
Corcubión	23 January 1887 [85]	Adolfo Torrado y Ozores		PL	Julio Burell y Cuéllar		PLC	Election nullification (misrecording of votes). [86]
Havana	23 January 1887 [87]	Víctor Balaguer y Cirera		PL/UCC	Miguel Villanueva y Gómez		PL/UCC	Resignation (opted for the district of Villanueva y Geltrú). [88]
Havana	23 January 1887 [87]	Miguel Villanueva y Gómez		PL/UCC	José Emilio Terry y Dorticós		PLA	Resignation (appointed undersecretary of the Office of the Prime Minister). [88] [89]
Noya	23 January 1887 [85]	Luis Lamas y Varela		PL	Luis Lamas y Varela		PL	Dismissal (appointed president of the territorial court of Madrid). [e] [90]
San Clemente	23 January 1887 [85]	Isidro Aguado y Mora		PL	Gustavo Morales y Rodríguez		PL	Death. [72]
Santa María de Órdenes	27 February 1887 [91]	Luciano Puga y Blanco		PLC	José Antonio Gutiérrez de la Vega		PLR	Resignation (opted for the district of La Coruña). [92] [93]
Don Benito	20 March 1887 [94]	Alejandro Groizard y Gómez de la Serna		PL	Santiago Solo de Zaldívar e Hidalgo-Chacón		PL	Resignation (appointed senator for life). [95] [96]
Luarca	20 March 1887 [97]	Ventura Olavarrieta y García-Trío		PL	Félix Suárez-Inclán y González-Villar		PL	Election nullification (artificial results). [98]
Brihuega	3 April 1887 [99]	José González y González Blanco		PL	José González y González Blanco		PL	Dismissal (appointed member of the Court of Auditors). [100]
Játiva	3 April 1887 [99]	Cirilo Amorós Pastor		PLC	Francisco de Laiglesia y Auset [f]		PLC	Death. [103]
Liria	3 April 1887 [99]	Pascual Dasí y Puigmoltó		PLC	Manuel Danvila y Collado		PLC	Death. [103]
San Germán	3 April 1887 [104]	José Julián Acosta y Calvo		PAP	Ángel Avilés y Merino		PLC/PIE	Declaration of ineligibility (contractor of public works or services). [g]
Sueca	3 April 1887 [99]	Trinitario Ruiz Capdepón		PL	Rosario Camilleri Claver		PL	Dismissal (assigned by lot to the district of Orihuela). [106]
Ginzo de Limia	24 April 1887 [107]	Manuel Enríquez Villarino		PL	Teodoro Baró y Sureda		PL	Resignation (poor health). [108]
Salas de los Infantes	24 April 1887 [109]	Pedro González Marrón		PL	Joaquín González Marrón		PL	Death. [110]
Manresa	8 May 1887 [111]	Francisco Toda y Tortosa		PL	Francisco Toda y Tortosa		PL	Resignation (appointed prosecutor of the territorial court of Madrid). [112]
Alcañices	15 May 1887 [113]	José de Reyna y Frías		PLC	León Padierna de Villapadierna y Muñiz [h]		PL	Death. [114] [115]
Castrojeriz	15 May 1887 [113]	Manuel Alonso Martínez		PL	Agustín de Soto y Martínez		PL	Resignation (opted for the district of Burgos). [116] [117]
Llanes	19 June 1887 [118]	Gabino Mendoza Fernández Cortina		PLC	Alejandro Mon y Martínez		PLC	Death. [116]
Padrón	3 July 1887 [119]	Rafael Antonio de Orense y Figueroa		PL	Álvaro López Mora		PL	Death. [120]
Marchena	24 July 1887 [121]	Francisco Ruiz Martínez		PL	Cándido Ruiz Martínez		PL	Resignation (poor health). [122]
Cervera de Pisuerga	31 July 1887 [123]	Luis Polanco y Labandero		PL	José Bernardino Silverio Fernández de Velasco		PL	Dismissal (appointed civil governor of the province of Toledo). [e] [124] [125]
Denia	31 July 1887 [123]	Justo Tomás Delgado y Bayo		PL	Eduardo Romero Paz		PL	Dismissal (appointed director for Administration and Development in the Ministry of Overseas). [e] [126]
Havana	31 July 1887 [127]	Manuel Armiñán y Gutiérrez		ID/UCC	Pascual Goicoechea y Peyret		PLC/UCC	Dismissal (promoted to lieutenant general). [e] [125] [128] [129]
Havana	31 July 1887 [127]	Bernardo Portuondo y Barceló		PLA	Antonio Zambrana y Vázquez		PLA	Resignation (opted for the district of Santiago de Cuba). [129] [130]
Matanzas	31 July 1887 [127]	Fermín Calbetón y Blanchón		PL/UCC	Eliseo Giberga y Gali		PLA	Dismissal (appointed director-general for Grace and Justice in the Ministry of Overseas). [e] [126] [129]
Matanzas	31 July 1887 [127]	Enrique Crespo y Visiedo		PLC/UCC	Basilio Díaz del Villar		PLC/UCC	Declaration of ineligibility (territorial-level public officer in a district within his area of jurisdiction). [i] [129]
Mérida	31 July 1887 [123]	José de Castro y López		PL	José de Castro y López		PL	Dismissal (promoted to field marshal). [e] [122]
San Sebastián	31 July 1887 [123]	Fermín Machimbarrena y Echave		PL	Fermín Calbetón y Blanchón		PL	Resignation (successful update of the Basque Economic Agreement). [132] [133]
Granollers	1 January 1888 [134]	Antonio Ferratges de Mesa y Ballester		PL	Joaquín Ferratges de Mesa y Ballester		PL	Dismissal (bestowed the title of Marquis of Mont-Roig). [e] [135]
Guía	1 January 1888 [134]	Fernando de León y Castillo		PL	Pedro del Castillo Manrique de Lara		PL	Dismissal (appointed ambassador to France). [e] [135] [136]
Lalín	1 January 1888 [134]	Ángel Urzaiz y Cuesta		PL	Ángel Urzaiz y Cuesta		PL	Resignation (appointed undersecretary of Governance). [137] [138]
Sagunto	1 January 1888 [134]	Francisco de Asís Pacheco y Montoro		PL	Francisco de Asís Pacheco y Montoro		PL	Resignation (appointed director-general for Local Administration). [138] [139]
Valencia de Don Juan	1 January 1888 [134]	Demetrio Alonso Castrillo		PL	Demetrio Alonso Castrillo		PL	Resignation (appointed director-general for State Properties and Rights). [138] [139]
Ocaña	8 January 1888 [140]	Venancio González y Fernández		PL	Pablo Rózpide y Bériz		PL	Dismissal (appointed president of the Council of State). [e] [141]
Sigüenza	15 January 1888 [142]	Antonio Botija Fajardo		PL	Antonio Díaz Valdés		PL	Resignation (appointed civil governor of the province of Burgos). [143] [144]
Mula	22 January 1888 [145]	Mariano de Zabálburu y Basabe		PLC	Ezequiel Díez y Sanz de Revenga		PL	Death. [146] [147]
Alcalá de Henares	12 February 1888 [148]	Eduardo Ortiz y Casado		PL	Emilio Pérez Villanueva		PL	Resignation (appointed civil governor of the province of Salamanca). [149] [150]
Astorga	12 February 1888 [148]	Pío Gullón Iglesias		PL	Manuel García Prieto		PL	Resignation (appointed senator for life). [150] [151]
La Carolina	4 March 1888 [152]	Juan de Dios Sanjuán y Labrador		PL	Miguel Manuel Gómez y Sigura		PL	Resignation (elected senator). [153]
Loja	11 March 1888 [154]	Francisco Ruiz Villegas		PL	Ramón de Campos y Cervetto		PLC	Resignation (appointed civil governor of the province of Cáceres). [155] [156]
El Burgo de Osma	1 April 1888 [157]	Eladio Peñalba Gutiérrez		PRP	Manuel Martínez Aguiar		PL	Dismissal (appointed magistrate in the criminal court of San Clemente). [e] [158] [159]
Torroella de Montgrí	8 April 1888 [160]	Alberto de Quintana y Combis		PL	Pedro Antonio Torres Jordi		PL	Resignation (appointed secretary of the General Government of Cuba). [161]
Carballino	22 April 1888 [162]	Augusto Mosquera y Fernández		PL	Francisco Mosquera García		PL	Death. [163] [164]
Castuera	22 April 1888 [162]	Ricardo Fernández-Blanco y Moral		PL	Rafael Comenge Dalmau		PL	Resignation (appointed civil governor of the province of Biscay). [165] [166]
Guadalajara	6 May 1888 [167]	Tomás Sancho y Cañas		PL	Álvaro de Figueroa y Torres		PL	Resignation (appointed judge of first instance of Valladolid). [168]
Sequeros	27 May 1888 [169]	Luis Aparicio y López		PL	Juan Antonio Martín Sánchez		INDEP	Death. [170]
Chiva	3 June 1888 [171]	Cayetano Pineda Santa Cruz		PL	Julián Settier y Aguilar		PL	Resignation (appointed civil governor of the province of Tarragona). [172] [173]
Caspe	17 June 1888 [174]	Juan Mompeón y Goser		PL	Ricardo García Trapero Veragua		PL	Dismissal (appointed civil governor of the province of Laguna). [e] [175]
Cambados	8 July 1888 [176]	Celso García de la Riega		PL	Eugenio Fraga Mascato		PL	Resignation (appointed civil governor of the province of León). [177]
Santiago	15 July 1888 [178]	Eugenio Montero Ríos		PL	Eugenio Montero Ríos		PL	Resignation (appointed president of the Supreme Court). [179] [180]
Albuñol	5 August 1888 [181]	Alberto Aguilera y Velasco		PL	Alberto Aguilera y Velasco		PL	Resignation (appointed civil governor of the province of Madrid). [182] [183]
Aracena	5 August 1888 [181]	Juan Talero García		PL	Manuel José de Bertemati y Pareja		PL	Death. [184]
Cervera de Pisuerga	5 August 1888 [181]	José Bernardino Silverio Fernández de Velasco		PL	Fernando Torres y Almunia		PL	Death. [182]
Madrid	5 August 1888 [181]	Eugenio Montero Ríos		PL	José Suárez-Guanes e Ibáñez de Bustamante		PL	Seat vacancy (opted for the district of Santiago). [185]
Madrid	5 August 1888 [181]	Nicolás Salmerón y Alonso		PRP	Felipe Ducazcal y Lasheras		PLR	Resignation (disagreement with party line). [186] [187] [188]
Albacete	30 December 1888 [189]	Octavio Cuartero Cifuentes		PL	Octavio Cuartero Cifuentes		PL	Resignation (appointed director-general for Agriculture, Industry and Trade). [190]
Alcázar de San Juan	30 December 1888 [191]	Cayo López y Fernández		PL	Cayo López y Fernández		PL	Resignation (appointed member of the Council of State and of the Administrative Litigation Court). [192]
Aranda de Duero	30 December 1888 [191]	Diego Arias de Miranda y Goytia		PL	Diego Arias de Miranda y Goytia		PL	Resignation (appointed undersecretary of Grace and Justice). [193]
Cádiz	30 December 1888 [191]	Carlos Rodríguez Batista		PL	Segismundo Moret y Prendergast		PL	Resignation (appointed civil governor of the province of Havana). [194]
Cádiz	30 December 1888 [191]	Julián de Zugasti y Sáenz		PL	Enrique del Toro y Quartiellers		PL	Resignation (appointed civil governor of the province of Madrid). [195] [196]
Enguera	30 December 1888 [191]	Carlos Testor y Pascual		PL	Máximo Chulvi Ruiz y Belvís		M	Dismissal (appointed director-general for Agriculture, Industry and Trade). [e] [197] [198]
Estepa	30 December 1888 [191]	Pablo Cruz y Orgaz		PL	Pablo Cruz y Orgaz		PL	Dismissal (appointed director-general for Civil Administration of the Philippines). [e] [199]
Hinojosa del Duque	30 December 1888 [191]	Félix García de la Barga y Gómez de la Serna		PL	Félix García de la Barga y Gómez de la Serna		PL	Dismissal (appointed vice president of the Administrative Litigation Court). [e] [199]
Huelva	30 December 1888 [191]	José Gutiérrez Agüera		PL	Eduardo Santa Ana y Rodríguez-Camaleño		PL	Dismissal (appointed representative of Spain in Brussels). [e] [197] [200]
Huete	30 December 1888 [191]	Juan José Jaramillo y Ruiz de Alarcón		PL	Juan Felipe Sendín y García-Hidalgo		PL	Dismissal (appointed civil governor of the province of Castellón). [e] [197] [201]
Ibiza	30 December 1888 [191]	Cipriano Garijo y Aljama		PL	Cipriano Garijo y Aljama		PL	Resignation (appointed undersecretary of Finance). [202]
Lorca	30 December 1888 [191]	Manuel Gómez Marín		PL	Luis Sastre Jiménez		PL	Resignation (appointed prosecutor of the Administrative Litigation Court). [199]
Priego	30 December 1888 [191]	Eduardo Ruiz y García de Hita		PL	Sebastián Rejano y Fernández de Tejada		PL	Dismissal (appointed magistrate in the territorial court of Burgos). [e] [197] [203]
Torrijos	30 December 1888 [191]	Manuel Benayas Portocarrero		PL	Manuel Benayas Portocarrero		PL	Resignation (appointed undersecretary of Governance). [199]
Valderrobres	30 December 1888 [191]	Enrique Fernández Peral		PL	Tomás María Ariño y González		PL	Dismissal (appointed secretary of the General Government of Cuba). [e] [199]
Gandesa	20 January 1889 [204]	Pedro Antonio Torres Jordi		PL	Federico Loygorri y de la Torre		PL	Resignation (appointed civil governor of the Navarre). [205] [206]
Lucena	3 February 1889 [207]	Manuel Mariátegui y Vinyals		PL	Manuel Mariátegui y Vinyals		PL	Resignation (appointed director-general for Public Works). [208]
Redondela	10 February 1889 [209]	Tomás Piñeiro Aguilar		PL	Alfonso Flórez de Losada y Quiroga		PL	Resignation (appointed plenipotentiary in Constantinople). [210]
Riaza	10 February 1889 [209]	José Oñate y Valcarce		PLC	Francisco Javier Gil y Becerril		PLC	Death. [211]
Villalpando	10 February 1889 [209]	César Alba García Oyuelos		PL	Federico Requejo Avedillo		PL	Death. [212] [213]
Balaguer	17 March 1889 [214]	Francisco Martínez Brau		PL	Enrique de Luque y Alcalde		PL	Death. [215]
Estepa	31 March 1889 [216]	Pablo Cruz y Orgaz		PL	Pablo Cruz y Orgaz		PL	Dismissal (appointed section head of the Secretariat of the Office of the Prime Minister). [e] [217]
Torroella de Montgrí	31 March 1889 [216]	Pedro Antonio Torres Jordi		PL	José Joaquín Herrero y Sánchez		PL	Resignation (appointed secretary of the General Government of Cuba). [218] [219]
Villena	31 March 1889 [216]	Federico Bas y Moró		PL	Trinitario Ruiz Valarino		PL	Resignation (appointed head of the Postal Section at the General Directorate for Post and Telegraph). [220]
Motilla del Palancar	14 April 1889 [221]	Vicente Santamaría de Paredes		PL	Vicente Santamaría de Paredes		PL	Resignation (appointed director-general for Public Instruction). [222]
Coamo	21 April 1889 [223]	Julio Usera y Martín		ID/PIE	Enrique Corrales y Morado		PL/PIE	Resignation (appointed civil governor of the province of Santa Clara). [224] [225]
Navalcarnero	21 April 1889 [226]	Joaquín Oriol y Galup		PL	Alfredo Escobar y Ramírez		PLC	Death. [227]
Manresa †	28 April 1889 [228]	Francisco Toda y Tortosa		PL	Vac­ant [j]			Dismissal (appointed president of the territorial court of Madrid). [e] [230] [231] [232]
Enguera	5 May 1889 [233]	Máximo Chulvi Ruiz y Belvís		M	Máximo Chulvi Ruiz y Belvís		M	Election nullification (procedure irregularities). [234]
Nules	5 May 1889 [235]	José Arrando Ballester		PL	Eduardo García Oñativia		PL	Resignation (elected senator). [236]
Caldas de Reyes	19 May 1889 [237]	José del Perojo y Figueras		PL	Pedro Mateo Sagasta y Díaz Antoniana		PL	Resignation (appointed civil governor of the province of Manila). [238]
Sahagún	2 June 1889 [239]	Vicente Núñez de Velasco		PL	Fernando Roca de Togores y Aguirre Solarte		PLC	Death. [240] [241]
Vélez-Málaga	2 June 1889 [239]	Luis de Rute y Giner		PL	José Carreño de la Cuadra		PL	Death. [242]
Caguas	11 August 1889 [243]	José Sanz y Peray		PL/PIE	José Bautista Chícheri		PL/PIE	Resignation (appointed civil governor of the province of Almería). [244] [245]
Torrox	11 August 1889 [246]	Martín Larios y Larios		PLC	José Gutiérrez Abascal		PL	Death. [247] [248]
Manresa	18 August 1889 [249]	Vac­ant			Pedro Cort y Gisbert		PL	Election nullification (artificial results and dead people voting). [j]
Roquetas	18 August 1889 [249]	Carlos Groizard y Coronado		PL	Augusto Kobbe y Calves		PL	Resignation (appointed civil governor of the province of Salamanca). [250] [251]
Alcaraz	24 November 1889 [252]	Federico Ochando y Chumillas		PL	Federico Ochando y Chumillas		PL	Resignation (promoted to general of division). [253]
Berga	24 November 1889 [252]	Joaquín Marín y Carbonell		PL	Joaquín Marín y Carbonell		PL	Resignation (appointed civil governor of the province of Albacete). [254] [255]
Gerona	24 November 1889 [252]	Juan Fabra y Floreta		PL	Miguel de la Guardia y Corencia		PL	Resignation (appointed civil governor of the province of Huesca). [256]
Guadix	24 November 1889 [252]	Ramón Rodríguez Correa		PL	Ramón Rodríguez Correa		PL	Resignation (appointed member of the Council of State). [254]
Pontevedra	24 November 1889 [252]	Eduardo Vincenti Reguera		PL	Eduardo Vincenti Reguera		PL	Resignation (appointed director for Administration and Development in the Ministry of Overseas). [253]
Tafalla	24 November 1889 [252]	Antonio Dabán y Ramírez de Arellano		PL	Cecilio Gurrea y Zaratiegui		PLC	Resignation (promoted to lieutenant general). [256] [257]
Torrente	24 November 1889 [252]	Julián López Chávarri		PL	Carlos Testor y Pascual		PL	Resignation (appointed civil governor of the province of Gerona). [258] [259]
Ponce	1 December 1889 [260]	Julio Vizcarrondo y Coronado		PAP	Miguel Moya y Ojanguren		PAP	Death. [258] [261]
Puentedeume	22 December 1889 [262]	Román Folla Miragaya		ID	Enrique Sors Martínez		PL	Dismissal (appointed civil governor of the province of Lugo). [e] [254]
Alcalá de Henares	29 December 1889 [263]	Emilio Pérez Villanueva		PL	Manuel Sáenz de Quejana y Toro		PL	Resignation (appointed intendant of division). [264] [265]
Villanueva y Geltrú	29 December 1889 [263]	Víctor Balaguer y Cirera		PL	Salvador de Samá y de Torrents		PLC	Resignation (appointed senator for life). [266] [267]
Lalín	5 January 1890 [268]	Ángel Urzaiz y Cuesta		PL	Arturo Bargés y Embil		PL	Resignation (appointed intendant-general for Finance of Cuba). [269] [270]
Navalmoral de la Mata	12 January 1890 [271]	José María de Ulloa y Ortega-Montañés		PL	Manuel Pérez Aloe y Elías		PLC	Resignation (appointed senator for life). [270] [272]
Noya	12 January 1890 [273]	Luis Lamas y Varela		PL	Pedro Pais Lapido		PL	Dismissal (promoted to magistrate in the Supreme Court). [e] [274]
Tineo	19 January 1890 [275]	Antonio Sánchez Campomanes		PL	Eustaquio Peláez y Corradas		PL	Dismissal (appointed colonel of the Villarrobledo Cavalry Hunters Regiment). [e] [276] [277]
Santiago	9 March 1890 [278]	Eugenio Montero Ríos		PL	Benito Calderón Ozores		PL	Resignation (appointed senator for life). [279]
Santo Domingo de la Calzada	9 March 1890 [278]	Eduardo de Peralta y Méndez		ID	Amós Salvador y Rodrigáñez		PL	Resignation (political disillusionment). [256] [280]
Sigüenza	9 March 1890 [281]	Antonio Díaz Valdés		PL	Benito Pasarón y Lastra		PL	Resignation (appointed civil governor of the province of Albay). [282]
Albarracín	16 March 1890 [283]	Amós Salvador y Rodrigáñez		PL	Luis Felipe Aguilera y Rodríguez		PL	Resignation (candidate in the Santo Domingo de la Calzada by-election). [284]
Belchite	16 March 1890 [283]	Primitivo Mateo Sagasta y Escolar		PL	Primitivo Mateo Sagasta y Escolar		PL	Resignation (appointed director-general for Public Works). [285]
Cangas de Tineo	16 March 1890 [283]	Francisco Queipo de Llano y Gayoso de los Cobos		PLC	Álvaro Queipo de Llano y Fernández de Córdoba		PLC	Death. [286]
Humacao	30 March 1890 [287]	Antonio Soler y Bou		PL/PIE	Juan José García Gómez		PL/PIE	Death. [288]
Motril	27 April 1890 [289]	Luis Díaz Moreu		PL	Emilio Díaz-Moreu y Quintana		PL	Death. [290]
Puigcerdá	27 April 1890 [289]	Félix Maciá y Bonaplata		PL	José de Oriola Cortada		PLC	Resignation (appointed mayor of Barcelona). [291] [292]
Granollers	6 July 1890 [293]	Joaquín Ferratges de Mesa y Ballester		PL	Antonio López Muñoz		PL	Resignation (poor health). [294]
Chantada	20 July 1890 [295]	Benigno Álvarez Bugallal		PLC	Benigno Álvarez Bugallal		PLC	Resignation (promoted to general of division). [296]
Puerto de Santa María	20 July 1890 [295]	Federico Laviña y Laviña		PL	Isaac Peral y Caballero		INDEP	Resignation (appointed director-general for Penal Institutions). [297] [298]
Quebradillas	20 July 1890 [299]	Manuel Fernández Capetillo		PLC/PIE	Enrique Fernández-Villaverde y García del Rivero [k]		PL/PIE	Death. [300]

Senate

Constituency	Date	Incumbent	Affiliation		Elected	Affiliation		Cause
Archdiocese of Burgos	22 July 1886 [301]	Vac­ant			Vicente Santiago Sánchez de Castro		ARCH	Election nullification (misuse of proxy votes and inconclusive). [302]
Barcelona	22 July 1886 [301]	Francisco de Paula Rius y Taulet		PL	Alejandro Mora y Riera		PL	Resignation. [303] [304]
Economic Societies of Seville	22 July 1886 [301]	Vac­ant			José Freuller y Alcalá Galiano		PLC	Election nullification (procedure irregularities and inconclusive). [304] [305]
Royal Academy of Moral and Political Sciences	22 July 1886 [301]	Florencio Rodríguez Vaamonde		PLC	Juan de la Concha Castañeda		PLC	Death. [304]
Economic Societies of Havana–Puerto Rico	1 August 1886 [306]	Rafael María de Labra y Cadrana		PLRP	José Silverio Jorrín y Bramosio		PLA	Resignation (opted for the district of Sabana Grande in the Congress). [307]
Havana	1 August 1886 [306]	Vac­ant			Pedro Navarro de Balboa y Montañés		PLC/UCC	Election nullification (procedure irregularities). [308]
Havana	1 August 1886 [306]	Vac­ant			José Eugenio Moré		PLC/UCC	Election nullification (procedure irregularities). [308]
Havana	1 August 1886 [306]	Vac­ant			José Francisco de Pedroso y Cárdenas		PL/UCC	Election nullification (procedure irregularities). [308]
Santiago de Cuba	25 August 1886 [309]	Pablo Mateo Sagasta y Díaz Antoniana		PL/UCC	Vac­ant [l]			Death.
Murcia	9 December 1886 [312]	Rafael de Aguilar y Angulo		PL
Barcelona	20 December 1886 [313]	Alejandro Mora y Riera		PL	Mariano de la Paz Graells y Agüera		INDEP	Resignation. [314]
Santiago de Cuba	16 January 1887	Vac­ant			Ángel Barroeta y Márquez		PL/UCC	Election nullification (procedure irregularities). [l]
Orense	23 January 1887 [85]	José Luis Albareda y Sezde		PL
Santander	20 February 1887 [315]	Santiago González Encinas		PDP
Burgos	20 March 1887 [94]	Pedro González Marrón		PL	Mateo Alcocer y Arza		PL	Death.
Archdiocese of Granada	27 November 1887 [316]	Manuel Gómez-Salazar y Lucio-Villegas		ARCH
Archdiocese of Santiago de Compostela	27 November 1887 [317]	Fernando Hue y Gutiérrez		ARCH
Archdiocese of Toledo	27 November 1887 [317]	Juan María Valero y Nacarino		ARCH
Archdiocese of Valladolid	27 November 1887 [317]	Antonio García Fernández		ARCH
Biscay	27 November 1887 [316]	Ignacio María del Castillo y Gil de la Torre		PL
Cádiz	27 November 1887 [317]	José María del Toro y Castro		PL
Canaries	27 November 1887 [317]	José Bernardino Silverio Fernández de Velasco		PL
Guipúzcoa	27 November 1887 [316]	José Olano y Altuna		PL
Murcia	27 November 1887 [316]
Pontevedra	27 November 1887 [317]	Juan Manuel Landa Pérez		PL
Soria	27 November 1887 [317]	Cosme Barrio Ayuso		PL
University of Santiago	27 November 1887 [317]	Maximino Teijeiro y Fernández		PL
University of Zaragoza	27 November 1887 [316]	Julián Calleja y Sánchez		PL
Pinar del Río	28 November 1887 [318]	Vicente Galarza y Zuloaga		PLC/UCC
Puerto Príncipe	28 November 1887 [318]	Emilio Gutiérrez de la Cámara		PLC/UCC
Puerto Rico	28 November 1887 [318]	José de la Torre y Villanueva		PL/PIE
Santa Clara	28 November 1887 [318]	Manuel Cassola Fernández		PL/UCC
Santiago de Cuba	28 November 1887 [318]	Manuel de la Torre y Griñán		PL/UCC
Economic Societies of Havana–Puerto Rico	29 January 1888 [319]	José Silverio Jorrín y Bramosio		PLA
Havana	29 January 1888 [319]	Pedro Navarro de Balboa y Montañés		PLC/UCC
Havana	29 January 1888 [319]	José Eugenio Moré		PLC/UCC
Havana	29 January 1888 [319]	José Francisco de Pedroso y Cárdenas		PL/UCC
Murcia	15 April 1888 [320]	Luis Figuera y Silvela		PLC
Soria	25 November 1888 [321]
Archdiocese of Santiago de Compostela	20 January 1889 [322]
La Coruña	20 January 1889 [322]
La Coruña	20 January 1889 [322]
Pontevedra	20 January 1889 [322]
Zamora	20 February 1889 [209]
Murcia	24 March 1889 [323]
Toledo	24 March 1889 [323]
Seville	15 April 1889 [324]
Santiago de Cuba	20 May 1889 [325]
Santiago de Cuba	8 December 1889 [326]
Ávila	20 December 1889 [262]
Biscay	20 December 1889 [327]
Almería	20 December 1889 [327]
Guadalajara	20 December 1889 [327]
Zamora	26 January 1890 [275]
Huelva	23 February 1890 [328]
Logroño	23 February 1890 [328]
Salamanca	23 February 1890 [328]
University of Madrid	23 February 1890 [329]
Valencia	9 March 1890 [281]
Madrid	16 March 1890 [283]
Toledo	23 March 1890 [330]
Zamora	23 March 1890 [330]
Havana	23 March 1890 [331]
Santiago de Cuba	23 March 1890 [331]
Teruel	30 April 1890 [332]

Notes

1. Including one seat by cumulative voting.
2. Martín Sánchez was initially proclaimed as elected candidate, but the Congress declared his ineligibility on 12 June 1886, after he was found to have been serving as secretary of the Board of Agriculture, Industry and Trade, and Secretary of the Standing Committee on Grain Deposits, at the time of the election, This was in breach of Article 9.1 of the Congress' electoral law, relating to causes of ineligibility. ^[60]
3. As a result of a tie, both Francisco Ansaldo y Otalora (PL) and Iván Aranguren y Alzaga (ID) were initially proclaimed as elected candidates. On 2 June 1886, the Congress ordered a recount, determined the impossibility of resolving the tie, nullified the results and ordered a by-election for 18 July, which was won by Ansaldo y Otalora. ^[61]
4. De la Rosa García was initially proclaimed as elected candidate, but the Congress declared his ineligibility on 19 July 1886, after he was found to have served as a member of the permanent commission of the provincial deputation of Seville until November 1885, with the election having been held before one year had elapsed. This was in breach of Articles 9.2 and 10 of the Congress' electoral law, relating to causes of ineligibility. ^[66] A by-election on 22 August was won by Montejo y Rica against De la Rosa after a recount, with the latter's cause of ineligibility still being in force. ^[67]
5. As per Article 31 of the Constitution, serving deputies that were appointed by the Government or the Royal Household to a position different than a cabinet-level minister, closed rank, commission with salary, honors or decorations, were deemed to be automatically dismissed from their parliamentary position within fifteen days, unless they resigned their seats or notified Congress of their resignation from the appointment.
6. Luis Meliana Garrigues (PL) was initially proclaimed as elected candidate, but a recount resulted in the seat being awarded to Laiglesia instead. ^{[101] [102]}
7. Acosta y Calvo was initially proclaimed as elected candidate, but the Congress declared his ineligibility on 1 February 1887, after he was found to have been a contractor for the printing of documents for the Finance offices in Puerto Rico until June 1885, the printing of Lottery tickets until November 1885, and the printing of the Official Gazette of Puerto Rico until February 1886, with the election having been held before one year had elapsed. This was in breach of Articles 8.7, 9.5 and 10 of the Congress' electoral law, relating to causes of ineligibility. ^[105]
8. Gustavo de Reyna y Latorre (PLC) was initially proclaimed as elected candidate, but a recount resulted in the seat being awarded to Padierna instead.
9. Crespo y Visiedo was initially proclaimed as elected candidate, but the Congress declared his ineligibility on 24 January 1887, after he was found to have been serving as a member of the permanent commission of the provincial deputation of Matanzas at the time of the election. This was in breach of Article 9.2 of the Congress' electoral law, relating to causes of ineligibility. ^[131]
10. José Gassó y Martí (M) was initially proclaimed as elected candidate. On 13 July 1889, the Congress ordered a recount, determined the existence of artificial results and dead people voting, nullified the results and ordered a by-election for 18 August, which was won by Pedro Cort y Gisbert (PL). ^[229]
11. Never proclaimed as deputy due to the Congress' dissolution.
12. José Chinchilla y Díez de Oñate (PL) was initially proclaimed as elected candidate. ^[310] On 19 November 1886, the Congress determined that the number of voters required by law did not attend the election of the final board, nullified the results and ordered a by-election for 16 January. ^[311]

References

1. Caballero Domínguez 1999, p. 50.
2. Martínez Ruiz, Maqueda Abreu & De Diego 1999, p. 111.
3. Calero 1987, p. 275.
4. Constitution (1876), arts. 18, 22, 32, 41, 44 & 51–54.
5. Martorell Linares 1997, pp. 139–143.
6. Martínez Relanzón 2017, pp. 147–148.
7. De la Santa Cinta, Joaquín (9 August 2017). "Presidentes del Consejo de Ministros durante el reinado de Alfonso XII. José Posada Herrera y de nuevo Antonio Cánovas del Castillo". El Correo de Pozuelo (in Spanish). Retrieved 5 May 2023.
8. De la Santa Cinta, Joaquín (16 August 2017). "Presidentes del Consejo de Ministros durante la Regencia de María Cristina de Habsburgo-Lorena: Práxedes Mateo Sagasta". El Correo de Pozuelo (in Spanish). Retrieved 4 May 2023.
9. Fernández Almagro 1943, p. 412.
10. Dardé Morales 1986, pp. 224–226.
11. Montagut, Eduardo (24 November 2016). "El Gobierno de Sagasta (1885-1890)". Nueva Tribuna (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 August 2022.
12. Moral Roncal, Antonio Manuel (3 May 2024). "Cánovas en 1885: una dimisión del gobierno anteponiendo el bienestar de los españoles". El Debate (in Spanish). Retrieved 3 August 2025.
13. Constitution (1876) , arts. 18–19 & 41.
14. Constitution (1876) , arts. 38, 42 & 45.
15. "El Senado en la historia constitucional española". Senate of Spain (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 December 2016.
16. Law of 28 December (1878) , arts. 14–20.
17. García Muñoz 2002, pp. 105–106.
18. Carreras de Odriozola & Tafunell Sambola 2005, p. 1077.
19. Law of 28 December (1878) , arts. 142–143.
20. Roldán de Montaud 1999, p. 249.
21. Law of 28 December (1878) , trans. art. 1.
22. Law of 8 February (1877) , arts. 1–3, 12–13 & 25.
23. Constitution (1876) , arts. 27–28.
24. Law of 28 December (1878) , art. 84.
25. Law of 28 December (1878) , arts. 1–3, applying Law of 1 January (1871) , art. 1.
26. Decree of 1 April (1871) , arts. 2–3.
27. Law of 28 December (1878) , art. 115.
28. Rules modifying constituency boundaries:
    • Ley fijando la división de la provincia de Vizcaya en distritos para la elección de Diputados a Cortes y la de aquellos en secciones (PDF) (Law). Madrid Gazette (in Spanish). King of Spain. 21 March 1883. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
    • Ley dividiendo la provincia de Guipúzcoa en distritos para la elección de Diputados a Cortes (PDF) (Law). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). King of Spain. 23 June 1885. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
29. Roldán de Montaud 1999, p. 250.
30. Constitution (1876) , art. 20.
31. Law of 8 February (1877) , arts. 21–22 & 53.
32. Law of 8 February (1877) , arts. 1 & 30–31.
33. Law of 8 February (1877) , art. 2.
34. Law of 9 January (1879) , arts. 1–3.
35. "Real decreto determinando el número de Senadores que habrán de elegirse en cada una de las provincias con motivo de las próximas elecciones" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (184). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 23. 3 July 1881.
36. Law of 8 February (1877) , art. 1.
37. Constitution (1876) , arts. 20–21.
38. Law of 8 February (1877) , arts. 56–59.
39. Law of 28 December (1878) , arts. 110–113.
40. Constitution (1876) , arts. 29 & 31.
41. Law of 28 December (1878) , arts. 7–10.
42. Law of 28 December (1878) , art. 141.
43. Law of 7 March (1880) , arts. 1–4.
44. Constitution (1876) , arts. 22 & 26.
45. Law of 8 February (1877) , art. 4.
46. Law of 8 February (1877) , arts. 5–9.
47. Constitution (1876) , arts. 24 & 30.
48. Constitution (1876) , art. 32.
49. Law of 8 February (1877) , art. 11.
50. Real decreto declarando disueltos el Congreso de los Diputados y la parte electiva del Senado, señalando el día 10 de Mayo próximo para reunirse las Cortes, y disponiendo que las elecciones de Diputados se verifiquen el 4 de Abril, y las de Senadores el 25 del mismo (PDF) (Royal Decree). Madrid Gazette (in Spanish). Regent of the Kingdom. 8 March 1886. Retrieved 18 August 2025.
51. Armengol i Segú & Varela Ortega 2001, pp. 655–776.
52. López Domínguez 1976, pp. 410–433.
53. For elected candidates by district, with political affiliations:
    • "Noticias electorales. Madrid y provincias". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Siglo Futuro. 5 April 1886. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
    • "Las nuevas Cortes. Elecciones". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Estandarte. 5 April 1886. Retrieved 4 August 2025.
    • "Las elecciones. Vencedores y vencidos". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Día. 5 April 1886. Retrieved 4 August 2025.
    • "Elecciones". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Discusión. 6 April 1886. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
    • "Resultado de las elecciones". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Época. 6 April 1886. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
    • "Los diputados a Cortes". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Liberal. 6 April 1886. Retrieved 15 August 2022.
    • "Candidatos electos". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Día. 6 April 1886. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
    • "La votación de anteayer". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La República. 6 April 1886. Retrieved 4 August 2025.
    • "Las elecciones en provincias". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Marina. 7 April 1886. Retrieved 4 August 2025.
    • "Las elecciones generales". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Imparcial. 7 April 1886. Retrieved 4 August 2025.
    For elected candidates in Cuba, with political affiliations:
    • "Las elecciones generales". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Iberia. 7 April 1886. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
    For elected candidates in Puerto Rico, with political affiliations:
    • "Las elecciones generales". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Imparcial. 8 April 1886. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
54. For elected candidates by district, with political affiliations:
    • "La elección de senadores en Madrid". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Día. 25 April 1886. Retrieved 13 August 2025.
    • "Elección de senadores. Provincias, Universidades, Sociedades económicas, Provincias eclesiásticas y Academias". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Liberal. 26 April 1886. Retrieved 19 August 2022.
    • "El Senado". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Día. 26 April 1886. Retrieved 19 August 2022.
    • "La elección de senadores. Nuevos datos". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Época. 26 April 1886. Retrieved 19 August 2022.
    • "Elecciones de senadores. Cabildos, Universidades, Sociedades económicas, Academias y Provincias". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Unión. 26 April 1886. Retrieved 19 August 2022.
    For elected candidates in Puerto Rico, with political affiliations:
    • "Según telegrama del Gobernador general de Puerto Rico". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Época. 27 April 1886. Retrieved 19 August 2022.
    • "Elecciones de senadores. Madrid y provincias". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Imparcial. 28 April 1886. Retrieved 19 August 2022.
    For elected candidates in Cuba, with political affiliations:
    • "Los senadores de Cuba". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Época. 28 April 1886. Retrieved 19 August 2022.
    • "Los senadores elegidos en la isla de Cuba". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Unión. 29 April 1886. Retrieved 19 August 2022.
55. "Buscador histórico (1810 - 1977)". Congress of Deputies (in Spanish). Retrieved 6 August 2025.
56. "Senadores y candidatos a senador entre 1834 y 1923". Senate of Spain (in Spanish). Retrieved 13 August 2025.
57. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Casas-Ibáñez, provincia de Albacete" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (173). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 843. 22 June 1886.
58. Session Diaries (Congress), 1886 Leg., no. 6, p. 58.
59. "Reales decretos mandando proceder a elecciones parciales de un Diputado a Cortes por los distritos de Vergara y Sequeros" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (177). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 878. 26 June 1886.
60. Session Diaries (Congress), 1886 Leg., no. 16, pp. 162–163.
61. Session Diaries (Congress), 1886 Leg., no. 19, pp. 188–189.
62. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Caldas, provincia de Pontevedra" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (183). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 9. 2 July 1886.
63. Session Diaries (Congress), 1886 Leg., no. 39, p. 691.
64. "Reales decretos mandando proceder á elecciones parciales de Diputados a Cortes en Castropol (Oviedo) y Morón (Sevilla)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (209). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 285. 28 July 1886.
65. Session Diaries (Congress), 1886 Leg., no. 60, p. 1426.
66. Session Diaries (Congress), 1886 Leg., no. 57, p. 1223.
67. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 27, pp. 683–684.
68. "El domingo hubo elecciones parciales para diputados a Cortes en Morón. Luchaban los ministeriales Sres. Montejo y La Rosa". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Noticiero. 25 August 1886. Retrieved 10 August 2025.
69. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección de un Diputado á Cortes en el distrito de Lalín (Pontevedra)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (216). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 362. 4 August 1886.
70. Session Diaries (Congress), 1886 Leg., no. 54, p. 1086.
71. "Reales decretos mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes por Ribadavia, provincia de Orense, y Daimiel (Ciudad Real)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (328). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 569–570. 24 November 1886.
72. Session Diaries (Congress), 1886 Leg., no. 66, p. 1705.
73. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección de un Diputado a Cortes por el distrito de Lorca" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (329). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 576. 25 November 1886.
74. Session Diaries (Congress), 1886 Leg., no. 67, p. 1712.
75. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección de un Diputado a Cortes por el distrito de Vega Baja, Puerto Rico". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). Gaceta de Puerto Rico. 13 December 1886. Retrieved 11 August 2025.
76. Session Diaries (Congress), 1886 Leg., no. 78, p. 1883 & appx. 2.
77. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Lucena, Córdoba" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (352). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 849. 18 December 1886.
78. Session Diaries (Congress), 1886 Leg., no. 87, p. 2108.
79. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes por el distrito de Villarcayo (Burgos)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (350). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 825. 16 December 1886.
80. "Real decreto (reproducido) mandando proceder a la elección de un Diputado a Cortes por el distrito de Gracia (Barcelona)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (358). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 933. 24 December 1886.
81. Session Diaries (Congress), 1886 Leg., no. 79, p. 1886 & appx. 1.
82. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección de un Diputado á Cortes por el distrito de Almadén" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (359). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 945. 25 December 1886.
83. Session Diaries (Congress), 1886 Leg., no. 85, p. 2044 & appx. 1.
84. "Los telegramas sobre elecciones parciales de diputados a Cortes, recibidos hoy en los centros oficiales dan el triunfo à los siguientes candidatos". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Resumen. 24 January 1887. Retrieved 10 August 2025.
85. "Reales decretos mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Senador por la provincia de Orense y de Diputados por los distritos de San Clemente, Corcubión y Noya" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (362). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 969–970. 28 December 1886.
86. Session Diaries (Congress), 1886 Leg., no. 91, p. 2201 & appx. 3.
87. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección de dos Diputados por el distrito de la Habana" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (358). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 933. 24 December 1886.
88. Session Diaries (Congress), 1886 Leg., no. 90, p. 2169.
89. "Según telegrama recibido ayer tarde, han sido elegidos diputados, por la circunscripción de la Habana, el Sr. Villanueva, subsecretario de la Presidencia y el autonomista Sr. Terry". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Unión. 17 January 1887. Retrieved 11 August 2025.
90. Session Diaries (Congress), 1886 Leg., no. 86, p. 2082 & appx. 19.
91. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Santa María de Ordenes, provincia de la Coruña" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (32). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 328. 1 February 1887.
92. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 1, p. 10.
93. "El domingo se verificó en Órdenes (Coruña) la elección parcial de un diputado á Cortes. Parece que los dos candidatos, Sres. Gutiérrez de la Vega, reformista, y Fernández Soler, ministerial, han recibido de sus amigos noticias anunciando su respectivo triunfo". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Día. 1 March 1887. Retrieved 10 August 2025.
94. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Senador por la provincia de Burgos, y de un Diputado a Cortes en Don Benito, provincia de Badajoz" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (50). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 539. 19 February 1887.
95. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 20, p. 495.
96. "Luchan el antiguo diputado por aquel distrito en las últimas Cortes fusionistas, D. Santiago Solo de Zaldívar y el notario de Almendralejo D. Antonio Gallardo; ambos con el carácter de adictos, si bien el Sr. Zaldívar es a quien apoyan los amigos del Gobierno". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Unión. 11 March 1887. Retrieved 10 August 2025.
97. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Luarca, provincia de Oviedo" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (55). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 595. 24 February 1887.
98. Session Diaries (Congress), 1886 Leg., no. 90, pp. 2195–2197.
99. "Reales decretos mandando proceder a elecciones parciales de Diputados a Cortes en Brihuega (Guadalajara), Sueca, Játiva y Liria (Valencia)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (70). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 776–777. 11 March 1887.
100. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 39, p. 1004.
101. "En Játiva resulta el señor Meliana, adicto, con 26 votos de mayoría, según informes oficiales, sobre el señor Laiglesia, conservador; pero según todos los indicios, este resultado se tendrá que rectificar en favor del señor Laiglesia por los abusos cometidos en Albrieque para derrotarle". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Publicidad. 5 April 1887. Retrieved 10 August 2025.
102. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 93, pp. 2693–2694.
103. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 33, p. 845.
104. "Real decreto disponiendo se proceda a la elección de un Diputado a Cortes por el distrito de San Germán (Puerto Rico)". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). Gaceta de Puerto Rico. 13 March 1887. Retrieved 11 August 2025.
105. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 14, p. 323.
106. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 39, p. 1003.
107. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Ginzo de Limia (Oviedo)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (94). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 25. 4 April 1887.
108. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 60, p. 1578.
109. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Salas de los Infantes" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (84). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 952. 25 March 1887.
110. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 21, p. 523.
111. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Manresa (Barcelona)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (101). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 81. 11 April 1887.
112. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 61, p. 1604.
113. "Reales decretos mandando proceder a la elección de Diputados a Cortes por los distritos de Alcañices (Zamora) y Castrojeriz (Burgos)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (110). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 173. 20 April 1887.
114. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 55, p. 1418.
115. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887–1888 Leg., no. 23, appx. 4.
116. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 66, p. 1720.
117. "Han sido proclamados diputados el Sr. Soto, ministerial, por el primero de dichos distritos". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Iberia. 23 May 1887. Retrieved 11 August 2025.
118. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección de un Diputado a Cortes en Llanes (Oviedo)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (147). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 509. 27 May 1887.
119. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Padrón, provincia de la Coruña" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (164). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 663. 13 June 1887.
120. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 79, p. 2146.
121. "Real decreto acordando el Congreso de los Diputados que se proceda a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Marchena, provincia de Sevilla" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (183). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 10. 2 July 1887.
122. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 126, p. 4060.
123. "Reales decretos mandando proceder a elecciones parciales de Diputados a Cortes en los distritos de Cervera, San Sebastián, Denia y Mérida" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (187). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 43. 6 July 1887.
124. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 115, appx. 9.
125. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 126, p. 4058.
126. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 124, p. 3943.
127. "Según telegramas oficiales de la isla de Cuba, las elecciones para diputados a Cortes realizadas el domingo en los distritos de Matanzas y la Habana dieron el siguiente resultado". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Resumen. 2 August 1887. Retrieved 11 August 2025.
128. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 115, appx. 10.
129. "Para las dos vacantes de la Habana, los candidatos son: el conservador Sr. Goicoechoa (D. Pascual) y el autonomista Sr. Zambrana. Para las dos vacantes de Matanzas hay dos candidatos conservadores y dos autonomistas. Los conservadores son los Sres. Crespo y Díaz del Villar y los autonomistas los Sres. Giberga y Valdés Domínguez". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Liberal. 10 August 1887. Retrieved 10 August 2025.
130. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 38, pp. 975–976.
131. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 9, p. 203–204.
132. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 124, p. 3979.
133. "Ayer presentó la renuncia de su cargo de diputado el que tan dignamente representaba a la ciudad de San Sebastián, el Sr. D. Fermín Machimbarrena". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Época. 26 June 1887. Retrieved 4 August 2025.
134. "Reales decretos mandando proceder a elecciones parciales de un Diputado a Cortes en cada uno de los distritos de Sagunto (Valencia), Lalín (Pontevedra), Valencia de Don Juan (León) Guía (Canarias) y Granollers (Barcelona)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (341). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 673. 7 December 1887.
135. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887–1888 Leg., no. 2, p. 29.
136. "Ha resultado elegido sin oposición el candidato adicto D. Pedro del Castillo y Manrique". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Publicidad. 4 January 1888. Retrieved 6 August 2025.
137. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887–1888 Leg., no. 3, p. 33.
138. "Se da cuenta de los distritos vacantes por haber pasado a ocupar puestos en la Administración los señores León y Castillo, Urzaiz, Castrillo y Asís Pacheco, que los desempeñaban, acordándose proceder a nuevas elecciones". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Día. 2 December 1887. Retrieved 4 August 2025.
139. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887–1888 Leg., no. 2, p. 23.
140. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Ocaña, provincia de Toledo" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (350). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 749. 16 December 1887.
141. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 9, p. 168.
142. "Real decreto disponiendo que se proceda a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes por el distrito de Sigüenza, provincia de Guadalajara" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (355). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 793–794. 21 December 1887.
143. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887–1888 Leg., no. 13, p. 287.
144. "Según telegrama de Guadalajara, el resultado de la elección de un diputado por Sigüenza, es que D. Antonio Díaz Valdés, adicto al gobierno, ha obtenido 996 votos". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La República. 18 January 1888. Retrieved 9 August 2025.
145. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Mula, provincia de Murcia" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (358). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 825. 24 December 1887.
146. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887–1888 Leg., no. 14, p. 291.
147. "En la elección parcial de un diputado a Cortes por el distrito de Mula, ha obtenido votos don Ezequiel Díaz Sanz, adicto al Gobierno, 728, y 583 el candidato conservador Sr. Zabálburu". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Iberia. 24 January 1888. Retrieved 9 August 2025.
148. "Reales decretos señalando el 12 de Febrero próximo para la elección parcial de Diputados a Cortes en los distritos de Alcalá de Henares y Astorga" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (18). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 142. 18 January 1888.
149. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887–1888 Leg., no. 25, p. 599.
150. "Sobre las elecciones parciales verificadas en Astorga y Alcalá de Henares, se han recibido los siguientes datos". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Mundo. 15 February 1888. Retrieved 10 August 2025.
151. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887–1888 Leg., no. 22, p. 483.
152. "Real decreto por el que se procederá a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de La Carolina, provincia de Jaén" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (43). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 373. 12 February 1888.
153. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887–1888 Leg., no. 41, p. 1031.
154. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Loja, provincia de Granada" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (48). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 429. 17 February 1888.
155. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887–1888 Leg., no. 35, p. 880.
156. "La elección de Loja". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Estandarte. 13 March 1888. Retrieved 5 August 2025.
157. "Real decreto convocando a elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Burgo de Osma el 1º. de Abril próximo" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (66). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 653. 6 March 1888.
158. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887–1888 Leg., no. 56, p. 1437.
159. "En el escrutinio general verificado anteayer en Burgo de Osma se proclamó diputado al candidato ministerial Sr. Martínez Aguiar". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Fe. 10 April 1888. Retrieved 10 August 2025.
160. "Real decreto convocando a elección de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Torroella para el 8 de Abril próximo" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (70). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 702. 10 March 1888.
161. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887–1888 Leg., no. 49, p. 1218.
162. "Reales decretos convocando a elección parcial de Diputados a Cortes por los distritos de Carballino y Castuera, provincias de Orense y Badajoz, el 22 de Abril próximo" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (88). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 885. 28 March 1888.
163. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887–1888 Leg., no. 52, p. 1296.
164. "Preséntanse como candidatos ministeriales, por el primero de dichos distritos, un hermano del senador Sr. Mosquera, y por el segundo, el Sr. Comenge". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Monarquía. 28 March 1888. Retrieved 10 August 2025.
165. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887–1888 Leg., no. 81, p. 2085.
166. "En el distrito de Castuera se verificó el domingo la designación de interventores para la elección de un diputado a Cortes". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La República. 17 April 1888. Retrieved 7 August 2025.
167. "Real decreto convocando a elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Guadalajara para el día 6 de Mayo próximo" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (104). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 142. 13 April 1888.
168. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887–1888 Leg., no. 86, p. 2267.
169. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Sequeros, provincia de Salamanca" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (120). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 321. 29 April 1888.
170. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887–1888 Leg., no. 83, p. 2157.
171. "Real decreto mandando se proceda a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Chiva, provincia de Valencia" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (130). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 426. 9 May 1888.
172. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887–1888 Leg., no. 109, pp. 3104–3105.
173. "Ha sido elegido diputado a Córtes por el distrito de Chiva (Valencia) el candidato adicto D. Julian Settier". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Fe. 6 June 1888. Retrieved 11 August 2025.
174. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Caspe, provincia de Zaragoza" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (147). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 613. 26 May 1888.
175. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887–1888 Leg., no. 117, p. 3411.
176. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Cambados, provincia de Pontevedra" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (167). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 816. 15 June 1888.
177. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887–1888 Leg., no. 117, p. 3412.
178. "Real decreto disponiendo que el domingo 15 del próximo Julio, se proceda a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Santiago (Coruña)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (172). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 861. 20 June 1888.
179. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887–1888 Leg., no. 129, p. 3893.
180. "Nueva elección". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). Diario de Avisos de Zaragoza. 20 June 1888. Retrieved 4 August 2025.
181. "Reales decretos mandando proceder a elecciones parciales de un Diputado a Cortes en cada uno de los distritos de Aracena (Huelva), Cervera (Palencia), Albuñol (Granada), y Madrid dos Diputados" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (193). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 120. 11 July 1888.
182. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887–1888 Leg., no. 154, p. 4824.
183. "Ha presentado la renuncia del cargo de diputado a Cortes D. Alberto Aguilera, nombrado para el Gobierno civil de Madrid". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Diario Español. 4 July 1888. Retrieved 4 August 2025.
184. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887–1888 Leg., no. 140, p. 4245.
185. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 49, p. 1272.
186. Session Diaries (Congress), 1887 Leg., no. 29, p. 718.
187. "Notas de un reporter". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Resumen. 18 February 1887. Retrieved 9 August 2025.
188. "Los candidatos son, como nuestros lectores saben, los Sres. Diaz Agero (conservador), Suárez Guanes (ministerial), y Ducazcal (reformista)". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La República. 5 August 1888. Retrieved 9 August 2025.
189. "Real decreto mandando se proceda a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Albacete" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (343). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 756. 8 December 1888.
190. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 5, p. 73.
191. "Reales decretos mandando proceder a elecciones parciales de Diputados a Cortes en los distritos de Torrijos, Lorca, Huelva, Huete, Aranda, Priego, Hinojosa, Valderrobles, Alcázar, Cádiz, Estepa, Ibiza y Enguera" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (340). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 719–720. 5 December 1888.
192. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 1, p. 13.
193. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 1, p. 12.
194. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 1, p. 11.
195. Session Diaries (Congress), 1886 Leg., no. 56, p. 1200.
196. "De Cádiz no tenemos hoy noticias, aunque retirado el candidato conservador, y no luchando los republicanos, se habrán despachado a su gusto, como en los trabajos preparatorios de la elección, los mantenedores de la candidatura oficial". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Día. 31 December 1888. Retrieved 11 August 2025.
197. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 2, p. 17.
198. "En el único distrito donde ha habido lucha, en el de Enguera, han peleado encarnizadamente fusionistas contra fusionistas, constitucionales contra demócratas". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Dinastía. 2 January 1889. Retrieved 6 August 2025.
199. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 2, pp. 16–17.
200. "En suma; empleando el sistema de falsificar listas, según vemos en un telegrama que publicó nuestro estimado colega La Época, y de realizar actos como los que dejamos señalados, ha podido el Gobierno sacar triunfante al candidato ministerial". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Monarquía. 31 December 1888. Retrieved 11 August 2025.
201. "En el distrito de Huete (Cuenca) ha obtenido 1.250 votos el candidato ministerial D. Juan Felipe Sendín". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Monarquía. 1 January 1889. Retrieved 11 August 2025.
202. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 1, pp. 6 & 12.
203. "También se hizo un examen de los méritos y servicios de los candidatos a la diputación a Cortes, y después de discutir un buen rato, se convino en que el Gobierno vería con satisfacción el triunfo de los candidatos siguientes". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). Gaceta Universal. 18 December 1888. Retrieved 10 August 2025.
204. "Real decreto mandando se proceda a elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Gandesa" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (365). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 1021. 30 December 1888.
205. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 19, p. 423.
206. "Según telegrama de Tarragona, ha sido hoy proclamado diputado a Cortes por Gandesa el candidato ministerial Sr. Loygorri". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Resumen. 27 January 1889. Retrieved 10 August 2025.
207. "Real decreto mandando se proceda a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Lucena" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (10). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 85. 10 January 1889.
208. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 21, p. 455.
209. "Reales decretos mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Senador por la provincia de Zamora, y de un Diputado a Cortes por cada uno de los distritos de Redondela, Riaza y Villalpando" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (16). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 142. 16 January 1889.
210. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 20, p. 428.
211. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 25, p. 583.
212. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 23, p. 530.
213. "En la elección de un diputado a Córtes por el distrito de Villalpando (Zamora), verificada anteayer, ha obtenido el candidato adicto Sr. Requejo 1.268 votos y el conservador, Sr. Arrazola, 843". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Diario Español. 12 February 1889. Retrieved 10 August 2025.
214. "Real decreto convocando a elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes por el distrito de Balaguer" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (51). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 492. 20 February 1889.
215. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 51, p. 1349.
216. "Reales decretos disponiendo que se proceda a la elección de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Villena (Alicante), otro en el de Torroella (Gerona) y otro en el de Estepa (Sevilla)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (67). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 672. 8 March 1889.
217. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 65, p. 1748.
218. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 62, p. 1628.
219. "De la elección de un diputado a Cortes por el distrito de Torroella (Gerona), verificada ayer, ha resultado triunfante el candidato adicto D. José Herrero". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Correspondencia de España. 1 April 1889. Retrieved 10 August 2025.
220. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 64, p. 1686.
221. "Real decreto (rectificación) convocando a elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes por el distrito de Motilla (Cuenca)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (81). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 839. 22 March 1889.
222. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 67, p. 1806.
223. "Error en el Real decreto publicado en la Gaceta de ayer mandando proceder a elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (90). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 931. 31 March 1889.
224. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 76, p. 2037.
225. "Los telegramas particulares recibidos de Puerto Rico anuncian el triunfo del candidato ministerial Sr. Corrales (D. Enrique), en el distrito de Coamo". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Resumen. 22 April 1889. Retrieved 7 August 2025.
226. "Real decreto convocando a elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Navalcarnero" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (85). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 875. 26 March 1889.
227. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 73, p. 1949.
228. "Real decreto convocando a elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes por el distrito de Manresa" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (93). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 21. 3 April 1889.
229. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 24, p. 697 & appx. 4.
230. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 77, p. 2063.
231. "La elección de Manresa". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Día. 30 April 1889. Retrieved 7 August 2025.
232. "Toda la prensa, sin excluir la fusionista, lamenta la derrota que acaba de sufrir el distinguido redactor de El Día Sr. Cort en las elecciones que se han verificado en Manresa el domingo último". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Época. 1 May 1889. Retrieved 7 August 2025.
233. "Real decreto disponiendo que se proceda a la elección de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Enguera (Valencia)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (100). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 89. 10 April 1889.
234. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 83, p. 2216 & appx. 1.
235. "Real decreto convocando a elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes por el distrito de Nules (Castellón)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (103). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 125. 13 April 1889.
236. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 90, p. 2421.
237. "Real decreto convocando a elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Caldas (Pontevedra)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (115). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 243. 25 April 1889.
238. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 97, p. 2623.
239. "Reales decretos convocando a elección parcial de Diputados a Cortes por los distritos de Sahagún y Vélez Málaga" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (131). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 441. 11 May 1889.
240. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 102, p. 2741.
241. "Hoy ha sido proclamado diputado a Cortes por Sahagún el candidato conservador señor Roca de Togores". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Resumen. 9 June 1889. Retrieved 10 August 2025.
242. Session Diaries (Congress), 1888–1889 Leg., no. 102, p. 2715.
243. "Real decreto convocando a elección de un Diputado a Córtes por el distrito de Caguas, Puerto Rico" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (205). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 238. 24 July 1889.
244. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 26, p. 783.
245. "Con el fallecimiento del Sr. Vizcarrondo son dos los distritos que hay vacantes en Puerto Rico: el de Ponce, que representaba el diputado autonomista, y el de Caguas, por nombramiento del Sr. Sanz Peray para Gobernador de Almería". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Época. 23 July 1889. Retrieved 4 August 2025.
246. "Real decreto convocando a elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Torrox, provincia de Málaga" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (198). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 161. 17 July 1889.
247. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 23, p. 662.
248. "La elección de un diputado por Torrox ha sido favorable al candidato ministerial y redactor de El Resumen Sr. Gutiérrez Abascal". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Época. 12 August 1889. Retrieved 10 August 2025.
249. "Reales decretos mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en los distritos de Manresa (Barcelona) y Roquetas (Tarragona)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (204). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 226. 23 July 1889.
250. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 26, pp. 742 & 783.
251. "Sobre la elección de Roquetas, distrito en que luchaba como candidato ministerial el Sr. Kobbe". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Época. 19 August 1889. Retrieved 10 August 2025.
252. "Reales decretos acordando proceder a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en cada uno de los distritos de Berga (Barcelona), Tafalla (Navarra), Torrente (Valencia), Pontevedra, Guadix (Granada), Gerona y Alcaraz (Albacete)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (307). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 346. 3 November 1889.
253. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 30, p. 918.
254. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 30, p. 886.
255. "Para los varios distritos que se encuentran vacantes, se indican los siguientes candidatos". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Época. 15 November 1889. Retrieved 4 August 2025.
256. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 30, p. 885.
257. "No es cierto, como dice La Correspondencia de España y aseguraba ayer tarde el subsecretario de Gobernación, que las mesas de interventores por el distrito de Tafalla (Navarra) sean adictas al gobierno". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Monarquía. 20 November 1889. Retrieved 10 August 2025.
258. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 32, pp. 952–953.
259. "Seguidamente se da cuenta del resultado de las secciones, y se declara la vacante de los distritos de Ponce (Puerto Rico), por fallecimiento del Sr. Vizcarrondo, y de Torrente, por haber sido nombrado gobernador civil de Gerona el Sr. López Chávarri". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Justicia. 1 November 1889. Retrieved 11 August 2025.
260. "Real decreto convocando a elección de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Ponce" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (312). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 402. 8 November 1889.
261. "Candidatura". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). Revista de Puerto-Rico. 27 November 1889. Retrieved 10 August 2025.
262. "Real decreto mandando proceder a elección parcial de un Senador por la provincia de Avila, y de un Diputado a Cortes por el distrito de Puentedeume (Coruña)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (327). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 545. 23 November 1889.
263. "Reales decretos disponiendo que se proceda a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en cada uno de los distritos de Villanueva y Geltrú (Barcelona) y Alcalá (Madrid)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (337). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 661. 3 December 1889.
264. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 55, p. 1601.
265. "La lucha promete ser interesante, porque por el distrito de Alcalá Si presenta también candidato y adicto, D. Manuel Quejana, secretario particular del señor ministro de Fomento". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Unión Católica. 5 December 1889. Retrieved 11 August 2025.
266. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 48, p. 1396.
267. "El Sr. Marqués de Marianao, candidato conservador por el distrito de Villanueva y Geltrú, no tiene que luchar con ningún adicto, pues sólo tiene enfrente al señor Valles y Ribot, federal". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Época. 27 December 1889. Retrieved 11 August 2025.
268. "Real decreto mandando que se celebre elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Lalín, provincia de Pontevedra" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (345). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 733. 11 December 1889.
269. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 39, p. 1157.
270. "Actas. Personal. La comisión de actas del Congreso ha firmado hoy las siguientes". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Día. 21 January 1890. Retrieved 4 August 2025.
271. "Real decreto mandando proceder a elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Navalmoral (Cáceres)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (349). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 777. 15 December 1889.
272. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 30, p. 892.
273. "Real decreto convocando a elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Noya (Coruña) para el 12 de Enero" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (353). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 814. 19 December 1889.
274. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 41, p. 1209.
275. "Reales decretos mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Senador de la provincia de Zamora y de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Tineo, provincia de Oviedo" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (359). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 876. 25 December 1889.
276. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 69, p. 1966.
277. "En el distrito de Tineo han resultado adictos todos los interventores proclamados para la elección de un diputado a Cortes". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Iberia. 14 January 1890. Retrieved 10 August 2025.
278. "Reales decretos mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes por cada uno de los distritos de Santiago, provincia de la Coruña, y de Santo Domingo de la Calzada, provincia de Logroño" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (43). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 434. 12 February 1890.
279. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 49, p. 1426.
280. "Por qué ha renunciado un diputado su cargo". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Día. 29 October 1889. Retrieved 4 August 2025.
281. "Reales decretos mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Sigüenza (Guadalajara), y a la elección de un Senador por la provincia de Valencia" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (45). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 458. 14 February 1890.
282. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 91, p. 2558.
283. "Reales decretos disponiendo que el día 16 de Marzo próximo se proceda a la elección parcial de un Senador por la provincia de Madrid, y de un Diputado a Cortes en cada uno de los distritos de Belchite (Zaragoza), Albarracín (Teruel) y Cangas de Tineo (Oviedo)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (50). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 509. 19 February 1890.
284. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 90, p. 2476.
285. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 83, p. 2314.
286. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 94, p. 2680.
287. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Humacao (Puerto Rico)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (63). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 663. 4 March 1890.
288. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 102, p. 2987.
289. "Reales decretos mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en cada uno de los distritos de Puigcerdá (Gerona) y Motril (Granada)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (92). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 13. 2 April 1890.
290. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 125, p. 3862.
291. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 99, p. 2839.
292. "Los electores declararon que se hallaban dispuestos á apoyar al señor Fabra y se manifestaron tan bien dispuestos, que se cree segura la elección del candidato oficial, a pesar de los trabajos practicados por el conservador señor Oriola y Cortada". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Barcelonés. 22 April 1890. Retrieved 10 August 2025.
293. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Granollers, provincia de Barcelona" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (162). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 701. 11 June 1890.
294. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 179, p. 5916.
295. "Reales decretos mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Diputado a Cortes en cada uno de los distritos de Chantada (Lugo) y Puerto de Santa María (Cádiz)" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (177). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 865. 26 June 1890.
296. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 160, p. 5151.
297. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 182, p. 6004.
298. "Ha sido proclamado diputado a Cortes por el Puerto de Santa María D. Isaac Peral, por 300 votos contra 106 que ha obtenido el candidato ministerial del anterior y de este Gobierno, Sr. Beránger". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Día. 23 July 1890. Retrieved 10 August 2025.
299. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección de un Diputado a Cortes en el distrito de Quebradillas, provincia de Puerto Rico" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (176). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 857. 25 June 1890.
300. Session Diaries (Congress), 1889–1890 Leg., no. 187, p. 6182.
301. "Real decreto disponiendo que el día 22 de Julio próximo se procederá a la elección parcial de un Senador por el Arzobispado de Burgos, por la provincia de Barcelona, por la Real Academia de Ciencias morales y políticas y por las Sociedades Económicas de Amigos del País de la región de Sevilla" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (174). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 854. 23 June 1886.
302. Session Diaries (Senate), 1886 Leg., no. 13, p. 68 & appx. 4.
303. Session Diaries (Senate), 1886 Leg., no. 24, p. 233.
304. "Nuevos senadores". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Día. 23 July 1886. Retrieved 13 August 2025.
305. Session Diaries (Senate), 1886 Leg., no. 11, pp. 59–60 & appx. 1.
306. "Reales decretos mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Senador por las Sociedades económicas de Amigos del País de la región de la Habana, y a la de Senadores por aquella provincia" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (178). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 886. 27 June 1886.
307. Session Diaries (Senate), 1886 Leg., no. 25, p. 244.
308. Session Diaries (Senate), 1886 Leg., no. 10, p. 56 & appx. 1.
309. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección de un Senador por la provincia de Santiago de Cuba" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (192). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 102. 11 July 1886.
310. "Ha sido elegido Senador por la provincia de Santiago de Cuba el Capitán General de este distrito militar Sr. Chinchilla". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Crónica. 28 August 1886. Retrieved 14 August 2025.
311. Session Diaries (Senate), 1886 Leg., no. 56, p. 1097 & appx. 5.
312. "Real decreto disponiendo se proceda a la elección parcial de un Senador por la provincia de Murcia" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (317). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 445. 13 November 1886.
313. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección de un Senador por la provincia de Barcelona" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (329). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 576. 25 November 1886.
314. "Por fin salió la candidatura de don Mariano de la Paz Graells que obtuvo 129 votos". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Dinastía. 21 December 1886. Retrieved 13 August 2025.
315. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección de un Senador por la provincia de Santander" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (26). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 259. 26 January 1887.
316. "Reales decretos mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Senador por el Arzobispado de Granada, por la provincia de Guipúzcoa, por la de Murcia, por la de Vizcaya y por la Universidad de Zaragoza" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (294). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 231. 21 October 1887.
317. "Reales decretos mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Senador por la provincia de Pontevedra, por la Universidad de Santiago, por la provincia de Cádiz, por el Arzobispado de Santiago de Compostela, por la provincia de Canarias, por la de Soria, por el Arzobispado de Toledo y por el de Valladolid" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (294). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 232. 21 October 1887.
318. "Reales decretos mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Senador por la provincia de Puerto Rico, uno por la de Pinar del Río, uno por la de Puerto Príncipe, uno por la de Santa Clara, y uno por la de Santiago de Cuba" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (293). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 213. 20 October 1887.
319. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Senador por la Sociedad Económica de la Habana, y tres por aquella provincia" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (352). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 766. 18 December 1887.
320. "Real decreto convocando a elección parcial por la provincia de Murcia el 15 del próximo mes de Abril" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (86). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 865. 26 March 1888.
321. "Real decreto disponiendo se proceda a la elección parcial de un Senador por la provincia de Soria el 25 del actual" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (313). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 414. 8 November 1888.
322. "Reales decretos mandando se proceda a la elección parcial de dos Senadores por la provincia de la Coruña, otro por la de Pontevedra y otro por el Arzobispado de Santiago de Compostela" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (363). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 997–998. 28 December 1888.
323. "Reales decretos convocando a elección parcial de un Senador por cada una de las provincias de Murcia y Toledo" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (59). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 582. 28 February 1889.
324. "Real decreto convocando a elección parcial un Senador por la provincia de Sevilla" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (83). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 859. 24 March 1889.
325. "Real decreto convocando a elección parcial de un Senador por la provincia de Santiago de Cuba" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (108). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 186. 18 April 1889.
326. "Real decreto convocando a elección de un Senador por la provincia de Santiago de Cuba" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (310). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 378. 6 November 1889.
327. "Reales decretos mandando se proceda a la elección parcial de un Senador por cada una de las provincias de Guadalajara, Vizcaya y Almería" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (331). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 590. 27 November 1889.
328. "Reales decretos mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Senador en cada una de las provincias de Huelva, Logroño y Salamanca" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (30). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 286. 30 January 1890.
329. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Senador por la Universidad de Madrid" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (36). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 345. 5 February 1890.
330. "Reales decretos mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Senador en las provincias de Toledo y Zamora" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (57). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 577. 26 February 1890.
331. "Reales decretos mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Senador de cada una de las provincias de la Habana y Santiago de Cuba" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (60). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 615. 1 March 1890.
332. "Real decreto mandando proceder a la elección parcial de un Senador por la provincia de Teruel" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (100). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 77. 10 April 1890.

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