1891 Canadian federal election

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1891 Canadian federal election
Canadian Red Ensign (1868-1921).svg
  1887 March 5, 1891 1896  

215 seats in the House of Commons
108 seats needed for a majority
Turnout64.4% [1] (Decrease2.svg 5.7 pp)
 First partySecond party
  Sir John Alexander Macdonald Nov 1883 Topley portrait (cropped).jpg The Honourable Sir Wilfrid Laurier Photo A (3x4 cropped).jpg
Leader John A. Macdonald Wilfrid Laurier
Party Conservative Liberal
Leader sinceJuly 1, 1867June 2, 1887
Leader's seat Kingston Quebec East [a]
Last election122 seats, 47.4%80 seats, 43.1%
Seats won11790
Seat changeDecrease2.svg 5Increase2.svg 10
Popular vote376,518350,512
Percentage48.6% [b] 45.2%
SwingIncrease2.svg 1.2 pp Increase2.svg 2.1 pp

Canada 1891 Federal Election.svg
1891 Canadian electoral map

Chambre des Communes 1891.png
The Canadian parliament after the 1891 election

Prime Minister before election

John A. Macdonald
Conservative

Prime Minister after election

John A. Macdonald
Conservative

The 1891 Canadian federal election was held on March 5, 1891, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 7th Parliament of Canada. It was won by the Conservative Party of Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald.

Contents

An election poster in support of the Conservative party from 1891. John A Macdonald election poster 1891.jpg
An election poster in support of the Conservative party from 1891.

The main issue of the 1891 campaign was Macdonald's National Policy, a policy of protective tariffs. The Liberals supported reciprocity (free trade) with the United States. Canadian voters would return to the issue of free trade 20 years later in the 1911 federal election.

Macdonald led a Conservative campaign emphasizing stability, and retained the Conservatives' majority in the House of Commons. It was a close election and he campaigned hard. Macdonald died a few months after the election, which led to his succession by four different Conservative Prime Ministers until the 1896 election.

It was Wilfrid Laurier's first election as leader of the Liberals. Although he lost the election, he increased the Liberals' support. He returned in 1896 to win a solid majority, despite losing the popular vote.

The Nationalist Party won a seat in Quebec. Dorchester riding elected Cyrille-Émile Vaillancourt. [2]

National results

1891 Canadian parliament.svg
PartyParty leader# of
candidates
SeatsPopular vote
1887 ElectedChange#%Change
  Conservative John A. Macdonald 1878797+11.5%332,96142.96%+2.80pp
  Liberal-Conservative 252420-16.7%43,5575.62%-1.64pp
  Liberal Wilfrid Laurier 1947990+13.9%350,51245.22%+2.09pp
 Independent Conservative433-15,0451.94%+0.38pp
 Independent43 2-66.7%6,3570.82%-0.42pp
 Nationalist111--10.00%-0.66pp
 Independent Liberal251-80%5,5730.72%-1.45pp
  Nationalist Conservative 12 1-50%1,2710.16%-0.32pp
 Unknown141--100%16,8902.18%-1.15pp
  Equal Rights 2*-*2,4550.32%*
 Progressive2*-*4680.06%*
Total436205215+4.9%775,089100% 
Sources: http://www.elections.ca -- History of Federal Ridings since 1867

Notes:

* Party did not nominate candidates in the previous election.

1 One Nationalist candidate was elected by acclamation.


Acclamations:

The following Members of Parliament were elected by acclamation;

Results by province

Party name BC NWT MB ON QC NB NS PE Total
  Conservative Seats:54139241012297
 Popular vote (%):71.681.012.642.245.448.941.948.543.0
  Liberal-Conservative Seats:1 37324 20
 Vote (%):  40.55.33.03.710.8 5.6
  Liberal Seats:--1443345390
 Vote (%):28.419.046.949.145.941.343.641.045.2
 Independent ConservativeSeats:   12   3
 Vote (%):   1.35.9   1.9
 IndependentSeats:   11-  2
 Vote (%):   0.71.23.2  0.8
 NationalistSeats:    1   1
 Vote (%):    -   -
 Independent LiberalSeats:     - 11
 Vote (%):     2.9 10.50.7
 Nationalist ConservativeSeats:    1   1
 Vote (%):    0.7   0.2
Total seats 6 4 5 92 65 16 21 6 215
Parties that won no seats:
 UnknownVote (%):   2.03.8 3.1 2.2
 Equal RightsVote (%):   0.7    0.3
 ProgressiveVote (%):      0.5 0.1

See also

Notes

  1. Laurier also ran in Richmond—Wolfe, where he was defeated.
  2. Popular vote is combination of Conservative and Liberal-Conservative tallies.

References

  1. "Voter Turnout at Federal Elections and Referendums". Elections Canada. Retrieved March 10, 2019.
  2. "Profile".

Further reading