2025 Canadian federal election

2025 Canadian federal election

←  2021 April 28, 2025 (2025-4-28)
←  outgoing members
343 seats in the House of Commons 172 seats needed for a majority
Opinion polls
Leader Mark Carney Pierre Poilievre Yves-François Blanchet Party Liberal Conservative Bloc Québécois Leader since March 9, 2025 September 10, 2022 January 17, 2019 Leader's seat Running in Nepean Carleton Beloeil—Chambly Last election 160 [a] seats, 32.62% 119 seats, 33.74% 32 seats, 7.64% Current seats 152 120 33 Seats needed 20 52 N/A [b]   Leader Jagmeet Singh Elizabeth May & Jonathan Pedneault Maxime Bernier Party New Democratic Green People's Leader since October 1, 2017 November 19, 2022 / February 4, 2025 September 14, 2018 Leader's seat Burnaby South Running in Burnaby Central [c] Saanich—Gulf Islands / Running in Outremont Running in Beauce Last election 25 seats, 17.82% 2 seats, 2.33% 0 seats, 4.94% Current seats 24 2 0 Seats needed 148 170 172
New electoral districts to be used for this election
Incumbent Prime Minister Mark Carney Liberal

The 2025 Canadian federal election will be held on April 28, 2025, to elect members of the House of Commons to the 45th Canadian Parliament. The writs of election were issued on March 23, 2025, after Governor General Mary Simon accepted a request to dissolve parliament from Prime Minister Mark Carney.

This will be the first election to use a new 343-seat electoral map based on the 2021 Canadian census.

Background

The 2021 Canadian federal election, held on September 20, 2021, saw only minor changes from the preceding 2019 election. ^[1] The incumbent Liberal Party, led by Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, did not win the popular vote and failed to win enough seats to gain a parliamentary majority, winning only a plurality of seats and retaining its status as a minority government. The Conservatives won the popular vote and continued as the Official Opposition. ^{[2] [a]}

One week after the election, on September 27, Annamie Paul resigned as the Green Party leader, citing lack of party support. ^[3] The subsequent leadership election was won by former leader Elizabeth May, who ran on a "joint ticket" with Jonathan Pedneault, proposing a co-leadership model; Pedneault was officially named the deputy leader, pending a change to the party's constitution to allow co-leadership. ^[4] May and Pedneault formally became co-leaders on Februrary 4, 2025. ^[5]

On February 2, 2022, Conservative leader Erin O'Toole was removed as leader by a caucus vote. ^[6] Following a leadership election, Pierre Poilievre was elected the new leader of the Conservative Party. ^[7]

On March 23, 2025, after a request from Prime Minister Mark Carney, the Governor General dissolved parliament and called an election for April 28, 2025. ^[8] This will be the first Canadian federal election under the reign of King Charles III, who acceded to the throne in 2022.

Proposed change of fixed election date

See also: Electoral Participation Act § Movement of fixed election date

On March 20, 2024, the government introduced the Electoral Participation Act , which included an amendment to the Canada Elections Act that would have changed the fixed election date to October 27, 2025, to avoid conflicting with the Hindu festival of Diwali, as well as municipal elections in Alberta. ^{[9] [10]} Moving the election date would also have resulted in 80 members of Parliament first elected on October 21, 2019, meeting the requirement of 6 years of service to receive a parliamentary retirement pension. ^[11] The Official Opposition Conservative Party argued that the pension eligibility was the real motivation for the change, an accusation which the government denied. ^[12] Of the 80 MPs who would have become eligible for a pension if the election date was moved later, 32 were Conservatives, 22 were Liberals, 19 were Bloc Québécois, 6 were New Democrats, and 1 was an independent. ^[13] The date change was unlikely to proceed with all opposition parties against the change; NDP MP Lisa Barron confirmed she would propose a committee amendment to leave the fixed election date as October 20, 2025, and minister of democratic institutions Dominic LeBlanc stated he would "happily respect the will of this committee" if it had amended the bill. ^[12]

On January 6, 2025, the Parliament of Canada was prorogued by Prime Minister Justin Trudeau after he announced his resignation as prime minister and leader of the Liberal Party, ^[14] which resulted in the bill dying on the order paper. ^[15]

Political parties and standings

See also: List of federal political parties in Canada

The table below lists parties represented in the House of Commons after the 2021 federal election and their current standings. Kevin Vuong, despite being elected as a Liberal, was disavowed by the party too late to alter his affiliation on the ballot and has since sat as an independent. ^[16]

Name		Ideology	Position	Leader(s)	2021 result		Current standing
					Votes (%)	Seats
	Liberal	Liberalism Social liberalism	Centre to centre-left	Mark Carney	32.62%	160 / 338	152 / 338
	Conservative	Conservatism Social conservatism Economic liberalism	Centre-right to right-wing	Pierre Poilievre	33.74%	119 / 338	120 / 338
	Bloc Québécois	Quebec nationalism Quebec sovereigntism Social democracy	Centre-left	Yves-François Blanchet	7.64%	32 / 338	33 / 338
	New Democratic	Social democracy Democratic socialism	Centre-left to left-wing	Jagmeet Singh	17.82%	25 / 338	24 / 338
	Green	Green politics		Elizabeth May & Jonathan Pedneault	2.33%	2 / 338	2 / 338
	People's	Right-wing populism Canadian nationalism Conservatism	Right-wing to far-right	Maxime Bernier	4.94%	0 / 338	0 / 338
	Independents	N/A			0.19%	0 / 338	3 / 338
	Vacant	N/A					4 / 338

Electoral system

Canada's electoral system, a "first-past-the-post" system, is formally referred to as a single-member plurality system. Voters select a representative nominated for their electoral district (sometimes referred to as a riding), and the candidate with more votes than any other candidate is elected to a seat in the 343-member House of Commons and represents that riding as its member of Parliament (MP). The party that wins the most seats in the House of Commons usually forms government, with that party's leader becoming prime minister. The largest party by seat count that is not the government or part of a governing coalition becomes the Official Opposition. That party receives more finances and privileges than the other opposition parties. ^{[17] [18]}

An absolute majority of the votes cast in the last election is not needed to form government and is rarely achieved. As well, the government party does not need to obtain a majority of the seats in the House of Commons – and under the current multi-party system, quite often does not achieve that. However, to pass bills, the governing party must have support of a majority of MPs. Without majority support, the government can be defeated, then a new party is named government or an election has to be held. Three parties have achieved power at the federal level in Canada's history: the Liberals (active since 1867); the original Conservatives / Progressive Conservatives (1867–2003); and the modern Conservatives (since 2003).^{[ citation needed ]}

Redistribution

Main article: 2022 Canadian federal electoral redistribution

The Constitution Act, 1867 requires that federal electoral districts undergo a redistribution following each decennial Canadian census. ^[19] Using the 2021 Canadian census population results, the 2022 redistribution process began in October 2021 and was completed in September 2023. ^[20]

On October 15, 2021, the chief electoral officer announced that, based on the formula in the Constitution Act, 1867, then in force, the allocation would result in an increase to 342 seats. ^[21] This included a reduction of Quebec's allocation from 78 to 77 seats. The government tabled legislation on March 24, 2022, to prevent Quebec (or any other province) from losing any seats relative to the number of seats it was apportioned in 2012 redistribution. ^{[22] [23]} The Preserving Provincial Representation in the House of Commons Act amended rule 2 of subsection 51(1) of the Constitution Act, 1867, commonly known as the "Grandfather Clause". ^{[24] [25]} The bill passed the House of Commons on June 15, 2022, ^[26] the Senate on June 21, ^[27] and received royal assent on June 23, 2022. ^[28] The chief electoral officer announced the new allocation of seats on July 8, 2022, which would result in an increase to 343 seats. ^[29]

Pursuant to the Electoral Boundaries Readjustment Act as amended, ten federal electoral boundary commissions were established, one for each province, on November 1, 2021. ^[30] The boundary-drawing process commenced upon the release of census data in February 2022. Quebec's commission adjusted its work to be based on a 78-seat allocation in July 2022. The respective commissions completed their work and finalized new electoral boundary sets on a rolling basis, beginning with the Newfoundland and Labrador and Prince Edward Island commissions on February 14, 2023, ^{[31] [32]} and finishing with the Ontario commission on July 8, 2023. ^[33] The chief electoral officer then used the final reports of the electoral boundary commissions to formalize a representation order, which was proclaimed on September 22, 2023. ^[34]

The changes to federal electoral district boundaries took effect on April 23, 2024. ^{[35] [21] [34]} If the election had been called before then, it would have occurred under the previous electoral district boundaries, which had been in effect since the 2015 federal election. ^{[36] [37]}

Allocation of seats in the House of Commons under the Preserving Provincial Representation in the House of Commons Act

Province or territory	Representation orders		Average population per electoral district	Change
	2013	2023
Ontario	121	122	116,590	1
Quebec	78	78	108,998
British Columbia	42	43	116,300	1
Alberta	34	37	115,206	3
Manitoba	14	14	95,868
Saskatchewan	14	14	80,893
Nova Scotia	11	11	88,126
New Brunswick	10	10	77,561
Newfoundland and Labrador	7	7	72,935
Prince Edward Island	4	4	38,583
Northwest Territories	1	1	41,070
Nunavut	1	1	36,858
Yukon	1	1	40,232
Canada	338	343	107,848	5

Transposed 2021 results

The transposed results of the 2021 election, if they had taken place under the 2023 Representation Order

This will be the first election contested under the new electoral districts established in the 2022 redistribution. Consequently, media outlets tend to report seat gains and losses as compared to notional results. These are the results if all votes cast in 2021 were unchanged but regrouped by new electoral district boundaries, as published by Elections Canada. ^[38]

2021 results transposed onto 2023 boundaries

Party		MPs
		2021 actual result	2021 notional result	Change
	Liberal	160	157	3
	Conservative	119	126	7
	Bloc Québécois	32	34	2
	New Democratic	25	24	1
	Green	2	2
Total seats		338	343	5

2021 election results transposed to 2023 redistribution of ridings [39]
Constituency [d]		Turnout (pp)		Top 3 parties						Share of vote (pp) [e]
Prov	Name			1st		2nd		3rd		Con	Lib	NDP	BQ	PPC	Green	Other	Margin (1st vs 2nd)
NL	Avalon	52.89	52.89		Lib		Con		NDP	33.04	50.88	14.25	–	1.83	–	–	17.83	17.83
NL	Cape Spear	52.31	52.31		Lib		NDP		Con	20.38	54.72	23.13	–	1.77	–	–	31.60	31.6
NL	Central Newfoundland	51.12	51.12		Con		Lib		NDP	46.89	46.01	7.10	–	–	–	–	0.88	0.88
NL	Labrador	48.16	48.16		Lib		Con		NDP	30.35	42.67	23.80	–	3.18	–	–	12.32	12.32
NL	Long Range Mountains	52.57	52.57		Lib		Con		NDP	39.36	44.39	11.93	–	4.33	–	–	5.03	5.03
NL	St. John's East	57.46	57.46		Lib		NDP		Con	18.09	45.14	34.84	–	1.94	–	–	10.30	10.3
NL	Terra Nova—The Peninsulas	51.58	51.58		Lib		Con		NDP	40.45	47.26	8.33	–	3.96	–	–	6.81	6.81
PE	Cardigan	72.09	72.09		Lib		Con		NDP	30.91	50.57	9.77	–	3.28	4.81	0.66	19.65	19.65
PE	Charlottetown	70.47	70.47		Lib		Con		NDP	31.06	46.70	10.72	–	1.93	9.59	–	15.64	15.64
PE	Egmont	69.30	69.3		Lib		Con		Green	31.04	45.94	8.65	–	4.96	9.41	–	14.90	14.9
PE	Malpeque	74.68	74.68		Lib		Con		Green	33.13	42.02	8.03	–	2.79	14.02	0.01	8.89	8.89
NS	Acadie—Annapolis	62.68	62.68		Con		Lib		NDP	51.31	30.69	12.69	–	5.30	–	–	20.62	20.62
NS	Cape Breton—Canso—Antigonish	67.31	67.31		Lib		Con		NDP	35.11	45.43	14.75	–	3.95	0.49	0.27	10.33	10.33
NS	Central Nova	63.71	63.71		Lib		Con		NDP	32.85	44.30	16.15	–	3.99	1.52	1.19	11.45	11.45
NS	Cumberland—Colchester	60.05	60.05		Con		Lib		NDP	46.02	34.20	12.33	–	4.17	2.59	0.69	11.82	11.82
NS	Dartmouth—Cole Harbour	61.34	61.34		Lib		NDP		PPC	2.87	51.50	32.97	–	9.75	2.91	–	18.54	18.54
NS	Halifax	66.29	66.29		Lib		NDP		Con	12.75	42.24	40.29	–	2.11	2.21	0.40	1.95	1.95
NS	Halifax West	64.29	64.29		Lib		NDP		Con	21.55	47.55	26.00	–	2.30	2.45	0.15	21.56	21.56
NS	Kings—Hants	62.23	62.23		Lib		Con		NDP	30.25	44.39	18.90	–	4.53	1.93	–	14.15	14.15
NS	Sackville—Bedford—Preston	64.39	64.39		Lib		Con		NDP	24.99	44.65	24.78	–	3.48	2.05	0.05	19.66	19.66
NS	South Shore—St. Margarets	62.15	62.15		Con		Lib		NDP	43.39	35.58	18.20	–	–	2.83	–	7.82	7.82
NS	Sydney—Glace Bay	61.55	61.55		Lib		Con		NDP	34.17	41.93	19.76	–	3.27	0.64	0.23	7.76	7.76
NB	Acadie—Bathurst	64.81	64.81		Lib		Con		NDP	13.85	64.96	11.25	–	5.87	2.82	1.24	51.11	51.11
NB	Beauséjour	67.54	67.54		Lib		Con		NDP	19.42	55.54	10.97	–	7.58	5.70	0.79	36.11	36.11
NB	Fredericton—Oromocto	65.91	65.91		Lib		Con		NDP	34.51	37.79	13.00	–	0.34	12.89	1.48	3.28	3.28
NB	Fundy Royal	65.97	65.97		Con		Lib		NDP	46.33	25.59	14.50	–	8.58	5.00	–	20.74	20.74
NB	Madawaska—Restigouche	61.94	61.94		Lib		Con		PPC	27.77	51.99	6.16	–	7.54	2.72	3.83	24.22	24.22
NB	Miramichi—Grand Lake	67.34	67.34		Con		Lib		NDP	45.46	37.00	7.39	–	5.38	4.69	0.09	8.46	8.46
NB	Moncton—Dieppe	61.09	61.09		Lib		Con		NDP	22.60	50.03	16.80	–	6.30	4.26	–	27.44	27.44
NB	Saint John—Kennebecasis	60.57	60.57		Lib		Con		NDP	36.39	42.60	13.18	–	4.90	2.93	–	6.21	6.21
NB	Saint John—St. Croix	65.38	65.38		Con		Lib		NDP	47.00	28.07	13.09	–	7.64	4.05	0.15	18.93	18.93
NB	Tobique—Mactaquac	62.77	62.77		Con		Lib		NDP	52.83	22.65	11.53	–	7.23	4.90	0.86	30.18	30.18
QC	Abitibi—Baie-James—Nunavik—Eeyou	44.69	44.69		BQ		Lib		Con	15.85	25.97	11.69	37.92	3.77	1.55	3.25	11.96	11.96
QC	Abitibi—Témiscamingue	56.44	56.44		BQ		Lib		Con	11.69	24.11	6.12	50.61	3.37	1.64	2.48	26.50	26.5
QC	Ahuntsic-Cartierville	64.70	64.7		Lib		BQ		NDP	8.16	51.91	11.72	22.62	2.59	2.99	–	29.28	29.28
QC	Alfred-Pellan	66.22	66.22		Lib		BQ		Con	13.28	47.71	7.82	26.58	0.34	1.66	2.60	21.13	21.13
QC	Argenteuil—La Petite-Nation	60.31	60.31		Lib		BQ		Con	13.48	39.16	7.13	32.81	5.77	0.38	1.27	6.36	6.36
QC	Beauce	66.63	66.63		Con		PPC		BQ	48.29	12.32	2.90	15.17	18.19	0.85	2.29	30.10	30.1
QC	Beauharnois—Salaberry—Soulanges—Huntingdon	62.75	62.75		BQ		Lib		Con	11.85	27.30	7.42	48.32	3.31	0.19	1.61	21.02	21.02
QC	Beauport—Limoilou	65.41	65.41		BQ		Con		Lib	30.54	24.64	9.71	31.06	0.33	2.04	1.68	0.52	0.52
QC	Bécancour—Nicolet—Saurel—Alnôbak	63.40	63.4		BQ		Lib		Con	16.81	16.90	5.10	54.80	2.43	1.54	2.43	37.90	37.9
QC	Bellechasse—Les Etchemins—Lévis	66.47	66.47		Con		BQ		Lib	52.00	15.55	4.92	22.76	–	1.44	3.33	29.24	29.24
QC	Beloeil—Chambly	69.17	69.17		BQ		Lib		NDP	8.39	23.43	8.52	53.53	2.02	2.00	2.11	30.10	30.1
QC	Berthier—Maskinongé	64.87	64.87		BQ		NDP		Lib	10.92	15.40	32.69	35.93	2.64	0.97	1.46	3.25	3.25
QC	Bourassa	56.41	56.41		Lib		BQ		NDP	7.00	60.39	8.00	18.70	3.65	1.84	0.41	41.69	41.69
QC	Brome—Missisquoi	66.07	66.07		Lib		BQ		Con	16.20	34.96	6.23	34.64	3.22	2.38	2.37	0.32	0.32
QC	Brossard—Saint-Lambert	63.88	63.88		Lib		BQ		Con	11.99	54.10	10.39	19.94	2.46	–	1.11	34.16	34.16
QC	Charlesbourg—Haute-Saint-Charles	68.39	68.39		Con		BQ		Lib	45.02	19.65	5.92	24.64	2.20	1.67	0.89	20.39	20.39
QC	Châteauguay—Les Jardins-de-Napierville	62.59	62.59		BQ		Lib		Con	12.16	36.51	7.82	36.59	3.77	1.49	1.66	0.08	0.08
QC	Chicoutimi—Le Fjord	64.65	64.65		Con		BQ		Lib	40.37	18.22	4.70	34.07	1.37	1.17	0.09	6.30	6.3
QC	Compton—Stanstead	67.25	67.25		Lib		BQ		Con	17.41	36.66	7.54	30.51	3.76	2.81	1.31	6.15	6.15
QC	Côte-du-Sud—Rivière-du-Loup—Kataskomiq—Témiscouata	61.52	61.52		Con		BQ		Lib	44.88	19.05	3.38	29.81	0.35	–	2.52	15.08	15.08
QC	Côte-Nord—Kawawachikamach—Nitassinan	50.09	50.09		BQ		Con		Lib	21.83	18.70	4.31	52.63	–	–	2.53	30.80	30.8
QC	Dorval—Lachine—LaSalle	59.37	59.37		Lib		BQ		NDP	11.93	52.23	13.11	15.72	4.19	2.83	–	36.51	36.51
QC	Drummond	61.33	61.33		BQ		Lib		Con	17.93	18.78	11.15	46.62	–	–	5.51	27.84	27.84
QC	Gaspésie—Les Îles-de-la-Madeleine—Listuguj	57.02	57.02		BQ		Lib		Con	8.26	39.76	4.27	44.34	2.01	–	1.37	4.58	4.58
QC	Gatineau	64.80	64.8		Lib		BQ		Con	11.11	50.05	8.62	23.42	4.05	1.56	1.18	26.64	26.64
QC	Hochelaga—Rosemont-Est	61.37	61.37		Lib		BQ		NDP	4.71	38.43	20.28	31.42	2.27	2.00	0.89	7.02	7.02
QC	Honoré-Mercier	63.84	63.84		Lib		BQ		Con	10.54	59.99	7.31	16.28	4.18	1.50	0.18	43.71	43.71
QC	Hull—Aylmer	66.11	66.11		Lib		BQ		NDP	10.78	52.46	12.74	16.10	3.65	2.82	1.44	36.36	36.36
QC	Joliette—Manawan	62.15	62.15		BQ		Lib		Con	9.47	22.28	5.79	55.14	3.02	1.95	2.34	32.85	32.85
QC	Jonquière	63.12	63.12		BQ		Con		Lib	28.31	20.80	5.37	43.11	–	1.70	0.72	14.81	14.81
QC	La Pointe-de-l'Île	62.19	62.19		BQ		Lib		NDP	6.71	32.32	9.70	46.66	2.74	–	1.87	14.34	14.34
QC	La Prairie—Atateken	67.79	67.79		BQ		Lib		Con	9.94	34.61	7.30	43.73	2.59	1.66	0.17	9.12	9.12
QC	Lac-Saint-Jean	60.56	60.56		BQ		Con		Lib	25.27	18.97	3.27	50.90	–	1.60	–	25.64	25.64
QC	Lac-Saint-Louis	69.58	69.58		Lib		Con		NDP	18.90	56.26	13.30	5.33	2.97	3.24	–	37.36	37.36
QC	LaSalle—Émard—Verdun	60.28	60.28		Lib		BQ		NDP	7.63	43.42	19.01	21.83	3.41	3.01	1.70	21.59	21.59
QC	Laurentides—Labelle	60.99	60.99		BQ		Lib		Con	10.50	23.47	5.56	52.31	3.64	2.42	2.10	28.84	28.84
QC	Laurier—Sainte-Marie	56.28	56.28		Lib		NDP		BQ	4.50	39.51	30.43	20.13	1.77	2.23	1.44	9.08	9.08
QC	Laval—Les Îles	61.52	61.52		Lib		BQ		Con	17.71	48.93	7.69	19.08	5.08	1.50	–	29.85	29.85
QC	Les Pays-d'en-Haut	63.14	63.14		BQ		Lib		Con	11.66	25.89	6.89	47.54	4.33	1.53	2.16	21.65	21.65
QC	Lévis—Lotbinière	70.87	70.87		Con		BQ		Lib	49.70	15.37	7.28	22.82	2.38	1.35	1.10	26.88	26.88
QC	Longueuil—Charles-LeMoyne	59.80	59.8		Lib		BQ		NDP	8.31	40.44	10.33	35.28	2.94	2.44	0.25	5.16	5.16
QC	Longueuil—Saint-Hubert	67.64	67.64		BQ		Lib		NDP	6.93	38.32	7.95	41.20	2.37	2.79	0.44	2.88	2.88
QC	Louis-Hébert	74.18	74.18		Lib		BQ		Con	24.31	38.21	7.23	27.00	–	2.60	0.64	11.21	11.21
QC	Louis-Saint-Laurent—Akiawenhrahk	67.67	67.67		Con		BQ		Lib	52.03	17.34	5.28	20.13	2.13	1.42	1.68	31.90	31.9
QC	Marc-Aurèle-Fortin	67.21	67.21		Lib		BQ		Con	11.74	44.11	8.56	30.80	2.89	–	1.90	13.31	13.31
QC	Mégantic—L'Érable—Lotbinière	65.29	65.29		Con		BQ		Lib	56.71	13.50	3.12	19.61	3.52	1.31	2.24	37.10	37.1
QC	Mirabel	64.13	64.13		BQ		Lib		Con	13.31	24.39	8.61	45.82	3.80	2.16	1.91	21.43	21.43
QC	Mount Royal	57.37	57.37		Lib		Con		NDP	24.07	57.41	8.83	4.07	2.65	2.73	0.24	33.34	33.34
QC	Mont-Saint-Bruno—L'Acadie	73.74	73.74		BQ		Lib		Con	9.69	34.12	8.32	45.49	2.11	0.15	0.13	11.37	11.37
QC	Montcalm	57.45	57.45		BQ		Lib		Con	11.68	19.98	6.27	53.22	4.28	2.55	2.02	33.24	33.24
QC	Montmorency—Charlevoix	66.23	66.23		BQ		Con		Lib	33.88	20.20	4.63	36.70	1.88	1.19	1.51	2.82	2.82
QC	Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount	62.44	62.44		Lib		NDP		Con	13.45	52.83	20.08	5.98	3.25	4.00	0.40	32.76	32.76
QC	Outremont	56.88	56.88		Lib		NDP		BQ	7.31	44.36	27.30	15.44	2.13	3.12	0.33	17.06	17.06
QC	Papineau	63.47	63.47		Lib		NDP		BQ	4.84	50.30	22.68	15.04	2.34	3.19	1.61	27.62	27.62
QC	Pierre-Boucher—Les Patriotes—Verchères	68.98	68.98		BQ		Lib		Con	8.82	25.85	7.71	54.26	1.95	–	1.41	28.41	28.41
QC	Pierrefonds—Dollard	64.62	64.62		Lib		Con		NDP	20.83	56.01	11.54	7.92	3.71	–	–	35.18	35.18
QC	Pontiac—Kitigan Zibi	65.49	65.49		Lib		Con		BQ	21.40	43.86	11.35	15.17	4.48	2.90	0.85	22.46	22.46
QC	Portneuf—Jacques-Cartier	68.58	68.58		Con		BQ		Lib	52.35	15.15	4.72	23.74	2.45	–	1.60	28.61	28.61
QC	Québec Centre	67.46	67.46		Lib		BQ		Con	18.02	35.72	12.70	29.03	1.58	2.36	0.59	6.69	6.69
QC	Repentigny	66.03	66.03		BQ		Lib		Con	8.84	28.14	7.46	51.37	–	–	4.20	23.23	23.23
QC	Richmond—Arthabaska	66.16	66.16		Con		BQ		Lib	49.88	14.95	4.46	24.76	3.60	–	2.35	25.13	25.13
QC	Rimouski—La Matapédia	59.74	59.74		BQ		Lib		Con	11.20	22.08	5.86	54.30	2.06	–	4.51	32.21	32.21
QC	Rivière-des-Mille-Îles	65.46	65.46		BQ		Lib		Con	10.25	35.36	7.20	40.54	2.75	1.82	2.09	5.18	5.18
QC	Rivière-du-Nord	57.92	57.92		BQ		Lib		Con	12.04	22.47	6.88	51.60	3.83	0.29	2.89	29.13	29.13
QC	Rosemont—La Petite-Patrie	67.76	67.76		NDP		Lib		BQ	4.00	23.17	48.57	21.37	–	2.38	0.52	25.41	25.41
QC	Saint-Hyacinthe—Bagot—Acton	65.43	65.43		BQ		Lib		Con	13.51	22.68	11.63	47.45	2.72	–	1.99	24.77	24.77
QC	Saint-Jean	65.90	65.9		BQ		Lib		Con	12.74	28.12	7.28	46.01	–	2.13	3.72	17.89	17.89
QC	Saint-Laurent	56.88	56.88		Lib		Con		NDP	18.31	59.35	10.76	7.95	3.15	0.11	0.37	41.03	41.03
QC	Saint-Léonard—Saint-Michel	57.44	57.44		Lib		Con		NDP	10.46	69.60	8.20	7.98	3.76	–	–	59.14	59.14
QC	Saint-Maurice—Champlain	61.55	61.55		Lib		BQ		Con	18.00	42.45	5.06	30.07	–	1.30	3.13	12.38	12.38
QC	Shefford	65.14	65.14		BQ		Lib		Con	12.13	33.49	5.32	41.92	3.48	1.78	1.88	8.43	8.43
QC	Sherbrooke	65.15	65.15		Lib		BQ		NDP	12.83	37.53	13.93	29.01	2.46	2.87	1.36	8.52	8.52
QC	Terrebonne	66.19	66.19		BQ		Lib		Con	10.46	29.37	6.65	41.40	2.68	1.43	8.03	12.03	12.03
QC	Thérèse-De Blainville	63.92	63.92		BQ		Lib		Con	11.04	35.20	7.27	40.94	2.68	1.93	0.93	5.74	5.74
QC	Trois-Rivières	64.19	64.19		BQ		Con		Lib	29.35	28.63	8.05	29.49	1.92	1.30	1.26	0.14	0.14
QC	Vaudreuil	66.70	66.7		Lib		BQ		Con	16.47	47.47	10.64	20.96	–	2.53	1.93	26.51	26.51
QC	Ville-Marie—Le Sud-Ouest—Île-des-Sœurs	55.87	55.87		Lib		NDP		Con	12.82	51.37	18.08	11.94	2.61	2.67	0.51	33.28	33.28
QC	Vimy	58.39	58.39		Lib		BQ		Con	13.85	50.14	9.33	22.34	4.34	–	–	27.80	27.8
ON	Ajax	54.10	54.1		Lib		Con		NDP	26.60	56.83	14.04	–	–	2.52	–	30.23	30.23
ON	Algonquin—Renfrew—Pembroke	66.54	66.54		Con		NDP		Lib	49.50	19.37	20.96	–	7.64	1.90	0.64	28.55	28.55
ON	Aurora—Oak Ridges—Richmond Hill	56.69	56.69		Lib		Con		NDP	42.12	44.76	8.03	–	3.87	0.18	1.02	2.64	2.64
ON	Barrie South—Innisfil	59.16	59.16		Con		Lib		NDP	47.67	28.89	15.77	–	7.67	–	–	18.78	18.78
ON	Barrie—Springwater—Oro-Medonte	64.31	64.31		Con		Lib		NDP	45.79	30.41	16.62	–	6.93	0.21	0.03	15.37	15.37
ON	Bay of Quinte	64.56	64.56		Con		Lib		NDP	40.59	37.02	15.25	–	4.93	2.20	–	3.57	3.57
ON	Beaches—East York	64.91	64.91		Lib		NDP		Con	14.35	56.58	22.52	–	3.16	2.72	0.68	34.05	34.05
ON	Bowmanville—Oshawa North	59.63	59.63		Con		Lib		NDP	44.75	30.80	18.38	–	5.41	–	0.66	13.94	13.94
ON	Brampton Centre	53.03	53.03		Lib		Con		NDP	31.42	48.32	15.78	–	3.60	–	0.88	16.90	16.9
ON	Brampton—Chinguacousy Park	55.62	55.62		Lib		Con		NDP	31.01	50.81	16.82	–	–	–	1.37	19.80	19.8
ON	Brampton East	54.29	54.29		Lib		Con		NDP	28.56	53.19	15.62	–	2.63	–	–	24.64	24.64
ON	Brampton North—Caledon	57.62	57.62		Lib		Con		NDP	33.19	51.44	13.95	–	0.96	0.40	0.05	18.25	18.25
ON	Brampton South	55.90	55.9		Lib		Con		NDP	29.46	53.88	13.53	–	2.87	–	0.26	24.42	24.42
ON	Brampton West	53.41	53.41		Lib		Con		NDP	27.73	56.29	12.76	–	2.47	–	0.74	28.57	28.57
ON	Brantford—Brant South—Six Nations	58.22	58.22		Con		Lib		NDP	40.08	27.73	20.29	–	8.78	2.64	0.48	12.35	12.35
ON	Bruce—Grey—Owen Sound	64.09	64.09		Con		Lib		NDP	49.18	25.23	13.59	–	8.04	3.06	0.90	23.95	23.95
ON	Burlington	69.69	69.69		Lib		Con		NDP	37.25	45.73	10.86	–	4.00	1.98	0.18	8.48	8.48
ON	Burlington North—Milton West	65.45	65.45		Lib		Con		NDP	36.60	47.89	9.60	–	3.96	1.94	–	11.30	11.3
ON	Cambridge	60.98	60.98		Lib		Con		NDP	34.14	38.24	17.09	–	7.15	3.39	–	4.10	4.1
ON	Carleton	75.83	75.83		Con		Lib		NDP	51.86	31.86	11.37	–	2.75	2.15	0.01	19.99	19.99
ON	Chatham-Kent—Leamington	63.35	63.35		Con		Lib		PPC	42.43	26.74	14.61	–	14.71	1.52	–	15.70	15.7
ON	Davenport	60.26	60.26		Lib		NDP		Con	10.85	43.60	39.57	–	3.27	2.40	0.31	4.03	4.03
ON	Don Valley North	56.00	56		Lib		Con		NDP	32.54	52.77	9.92	–	2.95	1.81	0.01	20.23	20.23
ON	Don Valley West	64.34	64.34		Lib		Con		NDP	29.91	57.23	9.16	–	2.54	1.06	0.11	27.32	27.32
ON	Dufferin—Caledon	61.61	61.61		Con		Lib		NDP	49.04	28.63	10.38	–	7.12	4.51	0.33	20.42	20.42
ON	Eglinton—Lawrence	61.78	61.78		Lib		Con		NDP	36.45	48.48	9.16	–	2.91	3.00	–	12.03	12.03
ON	Elgin—St. Thomas—London South	64.20	64.2		Con		Lib		NDP	49.25	19.65	16.18	–	12.18	2.21	0.53	29.60	29.6
ON	Essex	66.64	66.64		Con		NDP		Lib	40.96	15.45	31.66	–	10.20	1.23	0.49	9.31	9.31
ON	Etobicoke Centre	63.38	63.38		Lib		Con		NDP	34.09	48.14	10.76	–	6.59	0.32	0.11	14.04	14.04
ON	Etobicoke—Lakeshore	62.99	62.99		Lib		Con		NDP	32.47	47.14	13.49	–	4.40	2.12	0.39	14.67	14.67
ON	Etobicoke North	50.84	50.84		Lib		Con		NDP	25.44	58.88	10.54	–	4.34	–	0.80	33.44	33.44
ON	Flamborough—Glanbrook—Brant North	68.12	68.12		Con		Lib		NDP	43.78	32.54	14.62	–	6.53	2.44	0.09	11.25	11.25
ON	Guelph	64.75	64.75		Lib		Con		NDP	23.45	41.37	22.02	–	4.66	7.85	0.66	17.92	17.92
ON	Haldimand—Norfolk	66.86	66.86		Con		Lib		NDP	47.39	27.52	13.29	–	10.50	–	1.30	19.87	19.87
ON	Haliburton—Kawartha Lakes	66.54	66.54		Con		Lib		NDP	51.97	23.87	14.23	–	6.85	2.46	0.62	28.11	28.11
ON	Hamilton Centre	55.71	55.71		NDP		Lib		Con	16.52	26.73	46.96	–	6.57	2.66	0.57	20.23	20.23
ON	Hamilton East—Stoney Creek	59.26	59.26		Lib		Con		NDP	30.12	39.07	21.68	–	7.26	1.86	–	8.95	8.95
ON	Hamilton Mountain	60.99	60.99		Lib		NDP		Con	25.05	34.50	31.56	–	6.32	2.00	0.59	2.94	2.94
ON	Hamilton West—Ancaster—Dundas	69.57	69.57		Lib		Con		NDP	29.07	44.30	19.71	–	4.10	2.61	0.21	15.23	15.23
ON	Hastings—Lennox and Addington—Tyendinaga	66.04	66.04		Con		Lib		NDP	45.58	34.47	11.04	–	5.68	1.78	1.44	11.11	11.11
ON	Humber River—Black Creek	48.93	48.93		Lib		Con		NDP	17.40	60.69	16.40	–	3.91	1.21	0.40	43.29	43.29
ON	Huron—Bruce	69.72	69.72		Con		Lib		NDP	50.93	26.17	14.80	–	7.25	–	0.85	24.76	24.76
ON	Kanata	72.51	72.51		Lib		Con		NDP	36.85	43.16	14.69	–	2.76	2.54	–	6.31	6.31
ON	Kapuskasing—Timmins—Mushkegowuk	54.89	54.89		NDP		Lib		Con	25.18	26.22	35.79	–	12.27	0.40	0.14	9.57	9.57
ON	Kenora—Kiiwetinoong	56.66	56.66		Con		NDP		Lib	43.32	19.85	29.14	–	6.31	1.39	–	14.18	14.18
ON	Kingston and the Islands	66.91	66.91		Lib		NDP		Con	24.55	40.69	28.80	–	3.49	2.46	0.01	11.89	11.89
ON	King—Vaughan	50.59	50.59		Con		Lib		NDP	44.86	42.90	6.62	–	4.35	1.27	–	1.96	1.96
ON	Kitchener Centre	62.90	62.9		Green		Con		NDP	24.84	17.36	17.50	–	6.65	33.37	0.28	8.53	8.53
ON	Kitchener—Conestoga	67.73	67.73		Lib		Con		NDP	37.64	38.29	11.93	–	7.22	4.91	0.01	0.65	0.65
ON	Kitchener South—Hespeler	61.82	61.82		Lib		Con		NDP	35.54	37.45	16.27	–	6.75	3.44	0.54	1.91	1.91
ON	Lanark—Frontenac	70.09	70.09		Con		Lib		NDP	49.69	25.83	15.25	–	6.21	2.68	0.34	23.86	23.86
ON	Leeds—Grenville—Thousand Islands—Rideau Lakes	68.17	68.17		Con		Lib		NDP	50.53	25.20	14.95	–	5.73	3.60	–	25.33	25.33
ON	London Centre	59.96	59.96		Lib		NDP		Con	24.80	37.55	30.38	–	5.15	1.96	0.15	7.17	7.17
ON	London—Fanshawe	56.29	56.29		NDP		Con		Lib	24.27	23.05	43.50	–	9.18	–	–	19.23	19.23
ON	London West	68.29	68.29		Lib		Con		NDP	34.15	36.87	22.88	–	4.99	–	1.11	2.72	2.72
ON	Markham—Stouffville	59.39	59.39		Lib		Con		NDP	34.75	51.55	8.79	–	2.94	1.97	–	16.80	16.8
ON	Markham—Thornhill	56.06	56.06		Lib		Con		NDP	26.38	61.54	8.36	–	1.72	2.00	–	35.15	35.15
ON	Markham—Unionville	52.27	52.27		Lib		Con		NDP	42.43	48.23	6.55	–	–	2.79	–	5.80	5.8
ON	Middlesex—London	68.01	68.01		Con		Lib		NDP	45.25	27.16	17.85	–	7.76	1.81	0.17	18.10	18.1
ON	Milton East—Halton Hills South	63.82	63.82		Lib		Con		NDP	41.25	41.71	9.57	–	4.88	2.60	–	0.46	0.46
ON	Mississauga Centre	55.01	55.01		Lib		Con		NDP	28.85	53.88	11.32	–	4.19	1.62	0.13	25.03	25.03
ON	Mississauga East—Cooksville	56.08	56.08		Lib		Con		NDP	31.60	50.28	10.50	–	6.45	0.32	0.84	18.67	18.67
ON	Mississauga—Erin Mills	58.12	58.12		Lib		Con		NDP	33.51	51.19	10.30	–	3.36	1.63	–	17.68	17.68
ON	Mississauga—Lakeshore	63.52	63.52		Lib		Con		NDP	38.58	45.01	9.77	–	4.26	2.20	0.18	6.43	6.43
ON	Mississauga—Malton	54.44	54.44		Lib		Con		NDP	30.79	52.68	13.74	–	0.30	1.86	0.63	21.89	21.89
ON	Mississauga—Streetsville	59.13	59.13		Lib		Con		NDP	34.32	47.34	12.09	–	3.73	2.13	0.39	13.02	13.02
ON	Nepean	70.62	70.62		Lib		Con		NDP	33.37	45.74	16.22	–	2.73	1.94	–	12.37	12.37
ON	Newmarket—Aurora	60.44	60.44		Lib		Con		NDP	38.16	43.78	11.55	–	4.19	1.84	0.48	5.62	5.62
ON	New Tecumseth—Gwillimbury	57.01	57.01		Con		Lib		NDP	47.67	30.27	13.05	–	7.49	1.24	0.28	17.40	17.4
ON	Niagara Falls—Niagara-on-the-Lake	61.85	61.85		Con		Lib		NDP	37.42	35.19	17.85	–	7.58	1.95	–	2.23	2.23
ON	Niagara South	62.53	62.53		Con		Lib		NDP	33.41	32.96	22.79	–	8.95	1.90	–	0.45	0.45
ON	Niagara West	70.41	70.41		Con		Lib		NDP	44.03	31.05	13.97	–	7.09	2.80	1.05	12.98	12.98
ON	Nipissing—Timiskaming	62.72	62.72		Lib		Con		NDP	31.88	36.86	23.33	–	7.93	–	–	4.98	4.98
ON	Northumberland—Clarke	69.74	69.74		Con		Lib		NDP	43.99	34.02	13.95	–	5.48	2.57	–	9.97	9.97
ON	Oakville East	67.10	67.1		Lib		Con		NDP	39.43	46.22	9.40	–	3.31	1.64	–	6.78	6.78
ON	Oakville West	67.54	67.54		Lib		Con		NDP	38.47	47.49	8.70	–	3.62	1.72	–	9.02	9.02
ON	Orléans	70.85	70.85		Lib		Con		NDP	28.67	52.34	14.45	–	2.64	1.62	0.28	23.67	23.67
ON	Oshawa	56.29	56.29		Con		NDP		Lib	39.71	23.12	28.50	–	7.14	1.53	–	11.22	11.22
ON	Ottawa Centre	74.55	74.55		Lib		NDP		Con	16.28	45.24	32.71	–	2.24	2.80	0.74	12.53	12.53
ON	Ottawa South	65.76	65.76		Lib		Con		NDP	26.97	49.41	18.12	–	3.09	2.20	0.21	22.45	22.45
ON	Ottawa—Vanier—Gloucester	65.23	65.23		Lib		NDP		Con	20.54	49.00	23.26	–	3.19	3.05	0.96	25.74	25.74
ON	Ottawa West—Nepean	68.64	68.64		Lib		Con		NDP	27.67	45.42	20.22	–	3.20	2.89	0.61	17.75	17.75
ON	Oxford	64.82	64.82		Con		Lib		NDP	46.79	20.67	18.44	–	10.64	2.70	0.76	26.11	26.11
ON	Parry Sound—Muskoka	64.67	64.67		Con		Lib		NDP	47.93	21.65	16.83	–	7.54	5.58	0.48	26.28	26.28
ON	Perth—Wellington	65.56	65.56		Con		Lib		NDP	48.55	24.62	17.19	–	9.64	–	–	23.93	23.93
ON	Peterborough	69.03	69.03		Con		Lib		NDP	39.19	34.82	19.16	–	4.31	2.23	0.28	4.37	4.37
ON	Pickering—Brooklin	60.39	60.39		Lib		Con		NDP	34.26	48.16	13.48	–	3.85	0.25	–	13.90	13.9
ON	Prescott—Russell—Cumberland	70.26	70.26		Lib		Con		NDP	32.40	47.22	10.80	–	6.42	2.04	1.12	14.81	14.81
ON	Richmond Hill South	54.86	54.86		Lib		Con		NDP	38.76	47.83	8.75	–	2.95	–	1.71	9.07	9.07
ON	Sarnia—Lambton—Bkejwanong	66.71	66.71		Con		NDP		Lib	46.50	19.39	20.99	–	11.00	1.49	0.63	25.51	25.51
ON	Sault Ste. Marie—Algoma	61.10	61.1		Con		Lib		NDP	35.59	32.36	25.89	–	5.24	0.63	0.28	3.23	3.23
ON	Scarborough—Agincourt	53.00	53		Lib		Con		NDP	29.17	56.24	10.08	–	2.79	1.72	–	27.07	27.07
ON	Scarborough Centre—Don Valley East	56.12	56.12		Lib		Con		NDP	25.32	56.32	13.75	–	4.26	–	0.36	30.99	30.99
ON	Scarborough—Guildwood—Rouge Park	60.76	60.76		Lib		Con		NDP	22.07	61.28	13.38	–	3.01	–	0.26	39.22	39.22
ON	Scarborough North	51.33	51.33		Lib		Con		NDP	18.09	66.98	11.59	–	2.43	–	0.90	48.89	48.89
ON	Scarborough Southwest	57.17	57.17		Lib		Con		NDP	20.59	57.96	15.99	–	2.88	2.25	0.33	37.36	37.36
ON	Scarborough—Woburn	56.13	56.13		Lib		Con		NDP	22.55	60.41	13.16	–	3.08	–	0.81	37.86	37.86
ON	Simcoe—Grey	64.71	64.71		Con		Lib		NDP	47.42	27.88	13.17	–	6.94	4.15	0.43	19.54	19.54
ON	Simcoe North	62.40	62.4		Con		Lib		NDP	42.18	30.83	15.96	–	7.65	3.05	0.33	11.35	11.35
ON	Spadina—Harbourfront	52.98	52.98		Lib		NDP		Con	21.70	38.23	33.84	–	3.02	3.22	–	4.39	4.39
ON	St. Catharines	64.57	64.57		Lib		Con		NDP	32.37	37.87	21.31	–	6.59	1.87	–	5.50	5.5
ON	Stormont—Dundas—Glengarry	62.45	62.45		Con		Lib		NDP	54.32	24.71	10.90	–	7.67	2.32	0.08	29.61	29.61
ON	Sudbury	61.93	61.93		Lib		NDP		Con	27.82	34.98	28.90	–	6.12	1.98	0.20	6.08	6.08
ON	Sudbury East—Manitoulin—Nickel Belt	62.27	62.27		Lib		NDP		Con	26.91	31.98	30.34	–	8.90	1.73	0.14	1.65	1.65
ON	Taiaiko'n—Parkdale—High Park	64.79	64.79		Lib		NDP		Con	13.33	42.79	38.40	–	3.20	1.89	0.39	4.40	4.4
ON	Thornhill	57.38	57.38		Con		Lib		NDP	51.72	36.06	5.97	–	4.60	1.64	–	15.66	15.66
ON	Thunder Bay—Rainy River	61.17	61.17		Lib		Con		NDP	29.28	34.26	28.45	–	6.58	1.43	–	4.98	4.98
ON	Thunder Bay—Superior North	62.80	62.8		Lib		NDP		Con	23.96	40.40	27.71	–	5.89	1.77	0.26	12.69	12.69
ON	Toronto Centre	56.86	56.86		Lib		NDP		Con	12.93	49.83	26.25	–	2.35	8.05	0.59	23.59	23.59
ON	Toronto—Danforth	65.47	65.47		Lib		NDP		Con	12.56	48.36	33.67	–	2.46	1.96	1.00	14.69	14.69
ON	Toronto—St. Paul's	66.13	66.13		Lib		Con		NDP	26.51	49.51	15.89	–	2.50	5.56	0.03	23.00	23
ON	University—Rosedale	59.12	59.12		Lib		NDP		Con	17.94	46.48	28.07	–	2.59	4.44	0.47	18.41	18.41
ON	Vaughan—Woodbridge	57.21	57.21		Lib		Con		NDP	40.27	46.15	6.93	–	5.39	0.96	0.31	5.88	5.88
ON	Waterloo	67.34	67.34		Lib		Con		NDP	27.44	45.48	19.12	–	4.55	3.41	–	18.04	18.04
ON	Wellington—Halton Hills North	68.11	68.11		Con		Lib		NDP	46.78	30.25	11.96	–	6.19	4.70	0.12	16.53	16.53
ON	Whitby	61.19	61.19		Lib		Con		NDP	34.48	45.09	14.41	–	4.40	1.61	–	10.61	10.61
ON	Willowdale	54.47	54.47		Lib		Con		NDP	33.86	51.19	10.29	–	2.68	1.98	–	17.34	17.34
ON	Windsor—Tecumseh—Lakeshore	60.96	60.96		Lib		NDP		Con	27.03	30.88	30.30	–	10.29	1.21	0.29	0.58	0.58
ON	Windsor West	53.10	53.1		NDP		Lib		Con	19.34	27.77	44.24	–	8.34	–	0.31	16.46	16.46
ON	York Centre	53.37	53.37		Lib		Con		NDP	37.85	47.29	10.18	–	4.68	–	–	9.44	9.44
ON	York—Durham	62.09	62.09		Con		Lib		NDP	51.75	28.50	12.57	–	6.37	0.55	0.26	23.25	23.25
ON	York South—Weston—Etobicoke	52.02	52.02		Lib		Con		NDP	22.48	55.58	15.09	–	4.94	1.91	0.01	33.10	33.1
MB	Brandon—Souris	61.55	61.55		Con		NDP		Lib	59.37	11.94	20.39	–	8.22	0.02	0.05	38.98	38.98
MB	Churchill—Keewatinook Aski	35.82	35.82		NDP		Lib		Con	24.17	25.18	42.56	–	5.02	3.08	–	17.39	17.39
MB	Elmwood—Transcona	59.46	59.46		NDP		Con		Lib	28.45	14.88	49.12	–	5.95	1.59	0.01	20.67	20.67
MB	Kildonan—St. Paul	66.36	66.36		Con		Lib		NDP	42.45	27.91	23.80	–	5.42	0.31	0.12	14.54	14.54
MB	Portage—Lisgar	66.56	66.56		Con		PPC		NDP	52.15	10.97	13.42	–	21.88	–	1.58	30.27	30.27
MB	Provencher	66.15	66.15		Con		PPC		Lib	48.34	16.50	12.21	–	17.49	2.56	2.90	30.85	30.85
MB	Riding Mountain	61.23	61.23		Con		NDP		Lib	59.19	12.74	14.51	–	10.55	2.11	0.90	44.68	44.68
MB	St. Boniface—St. Vital	66.12	66.12		Lib		Con		NDP	28.29	43.90	21.17	–	4.32	1.50	0.82	15.61	15.61
MB	Selkirk—Interlake—Eastman	65.48	65.48		Con		NDP		Lib	56.97	13.24	19.43	–	7.67	2.69	–	37.55	37.55
MB	Winnipeg Centre	49.74	49.74		NDP		Lib		Con	12.80	28.95	49.65	–	4.28	2.39	1.92	20.70	20.7
MB	Winnipeg North	52.93	52.93		Lib		NDP		Con	13.49	53.21	27.75	–	4.04	1.23	0.29	25.46	25.46
MB	Winnipeg South	67.23	67.23		Lib		Con		NDP	32.70	48.15	14.34	–	3.34	1.48	–	15.45	15.45
MB	Winnipeg South Centre	69.70	69.7		Lib		Con		NDP	28.12	45.29	20.67	–	2.81	2.65	0.46	17.17	17.17
MB	Winnipeg West	69.34	69.34		Con		Lib		NDP	40.35	39.24	14.91	–	3.42	2.06	0.02	1.10	1.1
SK	Battlefords—Lloydminster—Meadow Lake	58.18	58.18		Con		NDP		Lib	67.26	7.32	12.91	–	5.99	0.78	5.74	54.35	54.35
SK	Carlton Trail—Eagle Creek	70.05	70.05		Con		NDP		PPC	68.00	5.47	14.04	–	9.26	0.93	2.29	53.97	53.97
SK	Desnethé—Missinippi—Churchill River	32.96	32.96		Lib		NDP		Con	23.57	46.35	24.02	–	3.13	1.17	1.78	22.33	22.33
SK	Moose Jaw—Lake Centre—Lanigan	69.16	69.16		Con		NDP		PPC	60.99	6.03	18.93	–	11.32	1.03	1.70	42.06	42.06
SK	Prince Albert	58.55	58.55		Con		NDP		Lib	64.09	11.81	15.02	–	6.88	1.10	1.11	49.07	49.07
SK	Regina—Lewvan	67.14	67.14		Con		NDP		Lib	46.16	14.30	34.81	–	3.50	1.24	–	11.35	11.35
SK	Regina—Qu'Appelle	60.07	60.07		Con		NDP		Lib	60.28	10.23	22.67	–	4.93	1.89	–	37.61	37.61
SK	Regina—Wascana	63.73	63.73		Con		Lib		NDP	49.90	26.92	18.07	–	3.50	1.61	–	22.98	22.98
SK	Saskatoon South	67.99	67.99		Con		NDP		Lib	49.25	14.37	30.63	–	4.52	1.23	–	18.62	18.62
SK	Saskatoon—University	68.33	68.33		Con		NDP		Lib	47.92	10.86	35.40	–	4.18	0.95	0.69	12.53	12.53
SK	Saskatoon West	55.59	55.59		Con		NDP		Lib	45.37	8.19	39.30	–	6.09	1.05	–	6.06	6.06
SK	Souris—Moose Mountain	76.13	76.13		Con		PPC		NDP	76.01	4.20	8.05	–	9.17	0.06	2.51	66.84	66.84
SK	Swift Current—Grasslands—Kindersley	68.55	68.55		Con		NDP		PPC	72.46	4.11	10.27	–	7.58	0.84	4.74	62.18	62.18
SK	Yorkton—Melville	65.62	65.62		Con		NDP		PPC	68.79	6.31	12.11	–	9.21	1.74	1.84	56.68	56.68
AB	Airdrie—Cochrane	69.38	69.38		Con		NDP		Lib	59.90	10.16	14.92	–	8.23	1.26	5.52	44.97	44.97
AB	Battle River—Crowfoot	71.51	71.51		Con		NDP		PPC	71.38	4.26	9.70	–	9.33	0.91	4.42	61.68	61.68
AB	Bow River	62.39	62.39		Con		PPC		NDP	69.57	7.86	9.37	–	9.85	–	3.35	59.72	59.72
AB	Calgary Centre	62.16	62.16		Con		Lib		NDP	50.92	30.06	16.42	–	–	1.63	0.97	20.85	20.85
AB	Calgary Confederation	67.19	67.19		Con		Lib		NDP	45.69	27.89	17.72	–	4.64	3.68	0.38	17.80	17.8
AB	Calgary Crowfoot	67.61	67.61		Con		Lib		NDP	54.94	21.69	16.18	–	4.63	1.68	0.87	33.25	33.25
AB	Calgary East	53.48	53.48		Con		Lib		NDP	52.86	18.54	18.08	–	7.17	2.12	1.24	34.32	34.32
AB	Calgary Heritage	66.35	66.35		Con		NDP		Lib	58.32	16.19	17.28	–	5.11	1.42	1.67	41.05	41.05
AB	Calgary McKnight	51.55	51.55		Lib		Con		NDP	34.22	43.76	16.18	–	3.94	1.13	0.77	9.54	9.54
AB	Calgary Midnapore	67.70	67.7		Con		NDP		Lib	60.27	12.46	18.54	–	6.09	1.34	1.31	41.73	41.73
AB	Calgary Nose Hill	62.88	62.88		Con		Lib		NDP	55.32	20.23	16.92	–	4.80	1.62	1.12	35.09	35.09
AB	Calgary Shepard	65.39	65.39		Con		NDP		Lib	61.20	13.92	16.03	–	5.73	1.70	1.42	45.17	45.17
AB	Calgary Signal Hill	68.32	68.32		Con		Lib		NDP	59.81	19.38	14.13	–	4.04	1.70	0.93	40.43	40.43
AB	Calgary Skyview	55.97	55.97		Con		Lib		NDP	44.96	33.12	16.53	–	3.74	0.91	0.73	11.84	11.84
AB	Edmonton Centre	59.94	59.94		Con		Lib		NDP	32.60	31.21	30.41	–	4.86	0.11	0.81	1.39	1.39
AB	Edmonton Gateway	62.36	62.36		Con		Lib		NDP	43.12	25.41	25.32	–	5.66	0.21	0.27	17.70	17.7
AB	Edmonton Griesbach	53.43	53.43		NDP		Con		Lib	36.31	15.17	40.36	–	5.94	1.13	1.08	4.05	4.05
AB	Edmonton Manning	55.06	55.06		Con		NDP		Lib	41.12	20.57	31.01	–	7.01	–	0.28	10.11	10.11
AB	Edmonton Northwest	58.74	58.74		Con		NDP		Lib	43.10	22.87	27.63	–	6.24	0.03	0.13	15.47	15.47
AB	Edmonton Riverbend	65.03	65.03		Con		Lib		NDP	45.44	24.93	24.43	–	4.02	1.15	0.04	20.51	20.51
AB	Edmonton Southeast	62.57	62.57		Con		Lib		NDP	37.70	34.00	22.32	–	5.68	–	0.29	3.70	3.7
AB	Edmonton Strathcona	69.14	69.14		NDP		Con		Lib	26.77	9.02	57.95	–	4.52	1.25	0.49	31.18	31.18
AB	Edmonton West	64.13	64.13		Con		NDP		Lib	45.62	24.45	24.52	–	5.10	0.05	0.27	21.10	21.1
AB	Foothills	69.24	69.24		Con		NDP		PPC	68.43	6.94	11.39	–	8.21	1.32	3.70	57.03	57.03
AB	Fort McMurray—Cold Lake	56.25	56.25		Con		PPC		NDP	67.81	7.07	10.12	–	12.70	0.98	1.32	55.11	55.11
AB	Grande Prairie	64.25	64.25		Con		NDP		PPC	68.96	4.22	11.85	–	10.20	–	4.77	57.11	57.11
AB	Lakeland	66.85	66.85		Con		PPC		NDP	69.40	4.96	10.51	–	11.06	0.88	3.19	58.34	58.34
AB	Leduc—Wetaskiwin	66.69	66.69		Con		NDP		PPC	63.37	7.10	17.60	–	11.20	0.02	0.71	45.77	45.77
AB	Lethbridge	65.23	65.23		Con		NDP		Lib	55.65	15.14	19.31	–	6.95	–	2.96	36.34	36.34
AB	Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner	62.60	62.6		Con		NDP		PPC	65.80	7.07	13.89	–	9.32	1.38	2.55	51.90	51.9
AB	Parkland	69.64	69.64		Con		NDP		PPC	63.09	6.24	16.28	–	11.28	–	3.11	46.81	46.81
AB	Peace River—Westlock	61.27	61.27		Con		NDP		PPC	62.65	5.48	13.16	–	12.53	0.75	5.42	49.49	49.49
AB	Ponoka—Didsbury	71.65	71.65		Con		PPC		NDP	67.87	4.65	10.95	–	13.36	–	3.16	54.52	54.52
AB	Red Deer	64.92	64.92		Con		NDP		PPC	60.51	8.17	17.35	–	11.29	–	2.68	43.15	43.15
AB	Sherwood Park—Fort Saskatchewan	73.46	73.46		Con		NDP		Lib	57.55	12.23	20.64	–	7.01	0.98	1.59	36.91	36.91
AB	St. Albert—Sturgeon River	71.62	71.62		Con		NDP		Lib	56.03	11.38	23.55	–	7.80	–	1.23	32.48	32.48
AB	Yellowhead	68.45	68.45		Con		NDP		Lib	60.23	10.62	14.67	–	9.25	1.25	3.98	45.57	45.57
BC	Abbotsford—South Langley	58.87	58.87		Con		Lib		NDP	45.59	26.05	18.22	–	7.00	3.14	–	19.54	19.54
BC	Burnaby Central	50.68	50.68		NDP		Lib		Con	22.16	31.25	39.78	–	3.38	2.92	0.52	8.53	8.53
BC	Burnaby North—Seymour	63.44	63.44		Lib		Con		NDP	26.56	40.88	26.52	–	2.65	3.39	–	14.32	14.32
BC	Cariboo—Prince George	61.33	61.33		Con		NDP		Lib	51.17	16.26	20.40	–	8.21	3.48	0.47	30.77	30.77
BC	Chilliwack—Hope	60.85	60.85		Con		NDP		Lib	45.99	17.12	26.42	–	7.65	2.81	–	19.57	19.57
BC	Cloverdale—Langley City	61.04	61.04		Lib		Con		NDP	36.12	39.10	19.96	–	4.82	–	–	2.98	2.98
BC	Columbia—Kootenay—Southern Rockies	67.59	67.59		Con		NDP		Lib	43.62	8.94	36.64	–	7.09	3.71	–	6.98	6.98
BC	Coquitlam—Port Coquitlam	59.84	59.84		Lib		Con		NDP	30.12	37.92	27.60	–	4.37	–	–	7.80	7.8
BC	Courtenay—Alberni	65.16	65.16		NDP		Con		Lib	31.30	13.61	42.88	–	5.00	7.05	0.16	11.57	11.57
BC	Cowichan—Malahat—Langford	63.96	63.96		NDP		Con		Lib	28.36	16.38	42.78	–	6.27	6.22	–	14.43	14.43
BC	Delta	67.10	67.1		Lib		Con		NDP	33.54	42.54	18.45	–	2.48	2.23	0.76	9.00	9
BC	Esquimalt—Saanich—Sooke	63.79	63.79		NDP		Lib		Con	20.97	21.88	43.23	–	4.65	8.89	0.38	21.35	21.35
BC	Fleetwood—Port Kells	57.31	57.31		Lib		Con		NDP	28.53	45.93	20.34	–	2.89	1.92	0.39	17.40	17.4
BC	Kamloops—Shuswap—Central Rockies	67.22	67.22		Con		NDP		Lib	45.01	16.61	25.04	–	8.15	5.09	0.10	19.98	19.98
BC	Kamloops—Thompson—Nicola	63.56	63.56		Con		NDP		Lib	43.50	17.70	28.56	–	5.97	3.76	0.52	14.94	14.94
BC	Kelowna	61.89	61.89		Con		Lib		NDP	42.31	26.24	21.15	–	7.29	3.01	–	16.07	16.07
BC	Langley Township—Fraser Heights	63.75	63.75		Con		Lib		NDP	43.92	29.58	19.53	–	4.50	2.42	0.05	14.34	14.34
BC	Mission—Matsqui—Abbotsford	63.48	63.48		Con		Lib		NDP	47.12	24.22	17.99	–	6.97	3.71	–	22.91	22.91
BC	Nanaimo—Ladysmith	63.32	63.32		NDP		Con		Green	26.58	13.18	29.38	–	5.01	25.85	–	2.79	2.79
BC	New Westminster—Burnaby—Maillardville	58.75	58.75		NDP		Lib		Con	21.02	23.44	47.98	–	3.74	3.79	0.03	24.55	24.55
BC	North Island—Powell River	65.49	65.49		NDP		Con		Lib	36.22	13.30	39.46	–	4.56	5.86	0.59	3.24	3.24
BC	North Vancouver—Capilano	64.67	64.67		Lib		Con		NDP	29.38	44.69	19.05	–	2.57	4.27	0.03	15.31	15.31
BC	Okanagan Lake West—South Kelowna	65.68	65.68		Con		Lib		NDP	48.35	23.22	18.89	–	6.79	2.75	–	25.13	25.13
BC	Pitt Meadows—Maple Ridge	64.00	64		Con		NDP		Lib	37.14	24.65	31.29	–	5.53	0.29	1.10	5.85	5.85
BC	Port Moody—Coquitlam	63.25	63.25		NDP		Con		Lib	31.96	29.48	35.04	–	3.32	–	0.20	3.08	3.08
BC	Prince George—Peace River—Northern Rockies	60.27	60.27		Con		NDP		PPC	59.33	9.25	14.37	–	10.40	3.48	3.17	44.96	44.96
BC	Richmond Centre—Marpole	46.55	46.55		Lib		Con		NDP	35.45	38.58	20.38	–	2.46	3.13	–	3.12	3.12
BC	Richmond East—Steveston	52.88	52.88		Lib		Con		NDP	33.99	41.91	19.38	–	2.38	2.34	–	7.92	7.92
BC	Saanich—Gulf Islands	69.77	69.77		Green		Con		NDP	22.65	18.81	19.55	–	3.01	35.77	0.22	13.12	13.12
BC	Similkameen—South Okanagan—West Kootenay	65.09	65.09		NDP		Con		Lib	37.58	13.23	38.97	–	6.87	3.35	–	1.39	1.39
BC	Skeena—Bulkley Valley	55.20	55.2		NDP		Con		PPC	36.14	7.66	42.58	–	7.72	3.76	2.13	6.44	6.44
BC	South Surrey—White Rock	64.75	64.75		Con		Lib		NDP	42.44	38.90	14.80	–	3.86	–	–	3.54	3.54
BC	Surrey Centre	52.32	52.32		Lib		NDP		Con	20.66	44.63	27.57	–	3.86	2.21	1.07	17.07	17.07
BC	Surrey Newton	55.67	55.67		Lib		NDP		Con	15.22	54.43	26.08	–	2.61	–	1.66	28.35	28.35
BC	Vancouver Centre	55.52	55.52		Lib		NDP		Con	21.90	40.67	30.34	–	3.28	3.81	–	10.33	10.33
BC	Vancouver East	54.85	54.85		NDP		Lib		Con	10.89	19.76	56.40	–	2.79	7.72	2.46	36.64	36.64
BC	Vancouver Fraserview—South Burnaby	53.50	53.5		Lib		NDP		Con	21.88	42.32	31.10	–	2.99	1.01	0.70	11.22	11.22
BC	Vancouver Granville	62.17	62.17		Lib		NDP		Con	24.66	37.23	32.91	–	2.38	2.73	0.09	4.31	4.31
BC	Vancouver Kingsway	54.28	54.28		NDP		Lib		Con	14.14	29.02	50.40	–	2.20	3.63	0.60	21.38	21.38
BC	Vancouver Quadra	61.89	61.89		Lib		Con		NDP	29.22	43.39	19.39	–	2.03	5.96	–	14.17	14.17
BC	Vernon—Lake Country—Monashee	64.09	64.09		Con		NDP		Lib	43.83	19.77	21.71	–	9.51	5.18	–	22.11	22.11
BC	Victoria	66.45	66.45		NDP		Lib		Con	13.71	27.26	43.90	–	3.09	11.19	0.84	16.64	16.64
BC	West Vancouver—Sunshine Coast—Sea to Sky Country	65.13	65.13		Lib		Con		NDP	29.14	33.05	26.89	–	3.76	6.80	0.37	3.91	3.91
Terr	Yukon	64.13	64.13		Lib		Con		NDP	26.26	33.35	22.44	–	–	4.36	13.60	7.09	7.09
Terr	Northwest Territories	46.69	46.69		Lib		NDP		Con	14.41	38.22	32.34	–	–	2.33	12.71	5.88	5.88
Terr	Nunavut	33.80	33.8		NDP		Lib		Con	16.47	35.86	47.67	–	–	–	–	11.81	11.81

Incumbent MPs who stood down

Main article: List of MPs who stood down at the 2025 Canadian federal election

As of March 2025 ^[update] , 58 MPs have announced they will not run in the 2025 federal election. One MP lost their party nomination race to run again. One MP had their candidacy revoked by their party and was barred from running under its banner.

Four MPs announced their intention not to stand again, but later resigned from Parliament before the election. ^{[40] [41] [42] [43] [44]} Five further MPs initially announced their intention to stand down, before changing their minds. ^{[45] [46] [47] [48] [49] [50]}

Number of MPs retiring by party affiliation

Party		MPs retiring
		2021 election [f]	Current
	Liberal	38	37
	Conservative	13	12
	New Democratic	4	4
	Bloc Québécois	4	4
	Independent	0	2
Total		58	58

Timeline

See also: 44th Canadian Parliament and By-elections to the 44th Canadian Parliament

Changes in seats held (2021–2025)

Seat	Before			Change
	Date	Member	Party	Reason	Date	Member	Party
Spadina—Fort York	November 22, 2021	Kevin Vuong	█  Liberal	Excluded from caucus [51]			█  Independent
Mississauga—Lakeshore	May 27, 2022	Sven Spengemann	█  Liberal	Resigned to accept a position with the United Nations [52] [53]	December 12, 2022 [54]	Charles Sousa	█  Liberal
Richmond—Arthabaska	September 13, 2022	Alain Rayes	█  Conservative	Left caucus [55]			█  Independent
Winnipeg South Centre	December 12, 2022	Jim Carr	█  Liberal	Died in office [56]	June 19, 2023	Ben Carr	█  Liberal
Calgary Heritage	December 31, 2022	Bob Benzen	█  Conservative	Resigned to return to the private sector [57]	July 24, 2023	Shuvaloy Majumdar	█  Conservative
Oxford	January 28, 2023	Dave MacKenzie	█  Conservative	Retired [58]	June 19, 2023	Arpan Khanna	█  Conservative
Portage—Lisgar	February 28, 2023	Candice Bergen	█  Conservative	Resigned [59]	June 19, 2023	Branden Leslie	█  Conservative
Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount	March 8, 2023	Marc Garneau	█  Liberal	Retired [60]	June 19, 2023	Anna Gainey	█  Liberal
Don Valley North	March 22, 2023	Han Dong	█  Liberal	Left caucus [61]			█  Independent
Durham	August 1, 2023	Erin O'Toole	█  Conservative	Resigned	March 4, 2024	Jamil Jivani	█  Conservative
Toronto—St. Paul's	January 16, 2024	Carolyn Bennett	█  Liberal	Resigned to become ambassador of Canada to Denmark [62]	June 24, 2024	Don Stewart	█  Conservative
LaSalle—Émard—Verdun	February 1, 2024	David Lametti	█  Liberal	Resigned to join law firm [63]	September 16, 2024	Louis-Philippe Sauvé	█  Bloc Québécois
Elmwood—Transcona	March 31, 2024	Daniel Blaikie	█  New Democratic	Resigned to work with Premier of Manitoba Wab Kinew [64]	September 16, 2024	Leila Dance	█  New Democratic
Cloverdale—Langley City	May 27, 2024	John Aldag	█  Liberal	Resigned to run as the BC NDP candidate for Langley-Abbotsford in the 2024 British Columbia general election [65]	December 16, 2024	Tamara Jansen	█  Conservative
Halifax	August 31, 2024	Andy Fillmore	█  Liberal	Resigned to run for the mayoralty of Halifax, Nova Scotia, in the 2024 Halifax municipal election	April 14, 2025 (cancelled)		█ Vacant
Honoré-Mercier	September 19, 2024	Pablo Rodriguez	█  Liberal	Left caucus			█  Independent
Honoré-Mercier	January 20, 2025	Pablo Rodriguez	█  Independent	Resigned to run for the leadership of the Quebec Liberal Party, in the 2025 Quebec Liberal Party leadership election	Vacant seat until the 2025 federal election		█ Vacant
Esquimalt—Saanich—Sooke	January 30, 2025	Randall Garrison	█  New Democratic	Resigned	Vacant seat until the 2025 federal election		█ Vacant
Eglinton—Lawrence	March 14, 2025	Marco Mendicino	█  Liberal	Resigned to become Chief of Staff to the Prime Minister	Vacant seat until the 2025 federal election		█ Vacant

2021

• September 27 – Annamie Paul announced her intent to resign as leader of the Green Party. ^[66]
• November 10 – Paul formally submitted her resignation and ended her membership in the party. ^[67] The Green Party accepted her resignation a few days later. ^{[68] [69]}
• November 15 – Senator Denise Batters launched a petition to review the leadership of Erin O'Toole. ^[70] Party president Robert Batherson decided the petition was not in order. ^[70] The following day, Batters was removed from the Conservative caucus. ^[71]
• November 24 – Amita Kuttner was appointed as Green Party interim leader. ^{[72] [73]}
• December 5 – The People's Party concluded its leadership review of Maxime Bernier. He was confirmed and continued as leader. ^{[74] [75]}

2022

• February 2 – Erin O'Toole was removed as the leader of the Conservative Party by a caucus vote. ^[6] Candice Bergen was selected by the party caucus to serve as interim leader. ^{[76] [77]}
• March 22 – The Liberal and New Democratic parties reached a confidence and supply agreement, with the NDP agreeing to support the Liberal government until June 2025 in exchange for specific policy commitments. ^[78]
• May 24 – The 2022 Green Party of Canada leadership election officially began, pursuant to the party's constitution. ^[79]
• September 10 – The 2022 Conservative Party of Canada leadership election concluded with Pierre Poilievre being announced as the new leader of the Conservative Party of Canada. ^[7]
• November 19 – The 2022 Green Party of Canada leadership election concluded with Elizabeth May and Jonathan Pedneault announced as winners on a "joint ticket". May became leader and Pedneault deputy leader of the Green Party of Canada, pending a change to the party's constitution to allow co-leadership. ^[4]

2023

• July 26 – Prime Minister Justin Trudeau conducted a major cabinet reshuffle. ^[80]
• September 26 – Anthony Rota announced his intention to resign as Speaker of the House of Commons. Louis Plamondon was nominated to replace Rota on an interim basis. ^[81]
• October 3 – Liberal MP Greg Fergus was elected speaker of the House of Commons. He was the first person of colour to be elected speaker. ^[82]

2024

• September 4 – The NDP officially ended their confidence-and-supply agreement with the Liberals. ^[83]
• November 20 – Alberta Liberal MP Randy Boissonnault resigned from Cabinet following allegations that he ran a business seeking federal contracts and falsely claimed to be Indigenous. ^[84]
• December 9 – Trudeau's Liberal government survived a third motion of no confidence, with the Conservatives and Bloc Québécois voting for the motion, and the Liberals, NDP, and Greens opposed. ^[85]
• December 16 – Chrystia Freeland, the incumbent deputy prime minister and minister of finance, resigned from her position in Justin Trudeau's government prior to the release later that day of the government's fall economic statement due to her opposition to Trudeau's fiscal policy; ^[86] later that day, she was replaced as Minister of Finance by Dominic LeBlanc, while the position of Deputy Prime Minister remained vacant. ^{[19] [87]} Housing minister Sean Fraser also resigned from cabinet the same morning, citing personal reasons. ^[88]
• December 20 – Trudeau conducted a major cabinet reshuffle. The NDP officially committed to introducing a non-confidence motion against the government. Over 20 Liberal MPs publicly called for Trudeau to resign and over 50 signed a private letter asking him to resign. ^[89]

2025

• January 6 – Trudeau announced the prorogation of parliament until March 24 that year in addition to his resignation as prime minister and as leader of the Liberal Party, effective upon the election of his successor as party leader in a leadership election. ^[14]
• February 4 – The Green Party of Canada concluded its co-leadership vote, with Elizabeth May and Jonathan Pedneault re-elected as co-leaders. ^[5]
• January 15 – Trudeau announced that he will not run in Papineau again. ^[90]
• February 13 – People's Party of Canada leader Maxime Bernier announced he will run in Beauce again. ^[91]
• March 3 – Green Party of Canada co-leader Jonathan Pedneault announced he will run in Outremont. ^[92]
• March 9 – The 2025 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election concluded with Mark Carney being announced as the new leader of the Liberal Party of Canada.
• March 14 – Carney was sworn in as the 24th prime minister of Canada, and appointed a new Cabinet, beginning the 30th Canadian Ministry. ^[93]
• March 20 – Nepean Liberal MP Chandra Arya's nomination is revoked, allegedly due to foreign interference concerns. ^[94] He had previously been disqualified as a Liberal leadership candidate. ^[95]
• March 22 – Carney announced that he will run in Nepean. ^[96]
• March 23 – Carney advised the governor general to dissolve parliament and call a general election for April 28, 2025. ^[97]

Campaign

Party slogans

Party	English	French	Translation (unofficial)	Ref.
█  Liberal	"Canada Strong"	"Un Canada fort"	"A strong Canada"	[98]
█  Conservative	"Canada First – for a Change"	"Le Canada d'abord – pour faire changement"	"Canada First – to make a Change"	[99]
█  Bloc Québécois	—	"Je choisis le Québec"	"I choose Québec"	[100]
█  New Democratic	"In it for you"	"Du cœur au ventre"	"To have a heart in your stomach" or "To be brave"	[101]
█  Green	"Change, Vote for it."	"Votez pour du changement"	"Vote for change"	[102]
█  People's

Policy platforms

Party	Economic	Housing	Environment	Defence	Health	Public Safety	Social	Immigration
█  Liberal	Reduce lowest income tax bracket from 15% to 14% [103]
█  Conservative	Reduce lowest income tax bracket from 15% to 12.75% [104]
█  Bloc Québécois
█  New Democratic
█  Green
█  People's

Endorsements

Endorsements received by each party

Type	Liberal	Conservative	Bloc Québécois	New Democratic	Green	People's
Media
Public figures	Mike Myers [105]
Unions and business associations		International Brotherhood of Boilermakers [106]		Amalgamated Transit Union [107] Canadian Union of Public Employees [108] United Steelworkers [109]

Leaders' debates

Main article: Canadian leaders' debates § 2025 debates

In its May 2022 report, the Leaders' Debate Commission recommended various improvements for future debates, and that it remain a permanent publicly funded entity to organize leaders' debates. ^{[110] [111]} In October 2024, the Leaders' Debate Commission announced that the English-language debate will be hosted by TVO's Steve Paikin, while the French-language debate will be hosted by Ici RDI's Patrice Roy . ^[112] The Commission will announce invitees on April 1. ^[113]

The French-language television network TVA Nouvelles announced plans for their own televised debate, and proposed a charge of CA$75,000 for participants to cover the cost of producing the event. The Conservatives and Bloc Québécois agreed to participate, as did the New Democratic Party while also criticizing the "pay-to-debate model"; ^[114] the Green Party was not invited. ^[115] After the Liberal Party announced that Carney would not participate, TVA announced the cancellation of the debate. ^[116]

2025 Canadian general election debates
Date	Organizers	Location	Language	Moderator	P  Participant  A  Absent (invited)  I  Invited  N  Not invited  TBA  To Be Announced						Source
					Carney	Poilievre	Blanchet	Singh	Pedneault [g]	Bernier
April 16, 2025	Leaders' Debates Commission	Maison de Radio-Canada, Montreal	French	Patrice Roy	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	[112] [113]
April 17, 2025			English	Steve Paikin	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	[113]

Candidates

Main article: Candidates of the 2025 Canadian federal election

Opinion polls

Main article: Opinion polling for the 2025 Canadian federal election

Evolution of voting intentions according to polls conducted during the 2025 Canadian federal election campaign period, graphed from the data in the tables below. Trendlines are 25-poll local regressions, with polls weighted by proximity in time and a logarithmic function of sample size. 95% confidence ribbons represent uncertainty about the trendlines, not the likelihood that actual election results would fall within the intervals.

Evolution of voting intentions according to polls conducted during the pre-campaign period of the 45th Canadian federal election, graphed from the data in the table below. Trendlines are 30-poll local regressions, with polls weighted by proximity in time and a logarithmic function of sample size. 95% confidence ribbons represent uncertainty about the trendlines, not the likelihood that actual election results would fall within the intervals.

See also

• List of Canadian federal general elections

Notes

1. While formal results showed the Liberals winning or leading in 160 seats, those totals include Kevin Vuong, who was disavowed during the campaign by his party, and sat as an Independent in the House of Commons from 2021 to 2025.
2. Though parties registered with Elections Canada can field candidates in any riding they wish, the Bloc Québécois has never fielded candidates outside of Quebec (78 seats), thus rendering it impossible for the party to gain a majority in Parliament.
3. Burnaby South was dissolved during the 2022 Canadian federal electoral redistribution; Singh is seeking re-election in Burnaby Central, which encompasses much of the same territory.
4. Sorted in order of electoral district number
5. Sorted in order of national share for those parties achieving at least 1% of the total. All others grouped under Other.
6. Party affiliation of retiring MPs at the time of the 2021 federal election
7. Despite having two co-leaders, the Greens chose Pedneault to represent them in all debates and interviews. ^[117]

References

1. "Justin Trudeau to Remain Prime Minister of Canada". The New York Times . September 21, 2021. Archived from the original on January 11, 2022. Retrieved September 21, 2021. Updated September 24, 2021.
2. "Canada: Trudeau's Liberals win minority government, CBC projects". Al Jazeera . September 21, 2021. Archived from the original on September 21, 2021. Retrieved September 21, 2021.
3. Tasker, John Paul (September 27, 2021). "Annamie Paul is stepping down as Green Party leader". CBC News . Retrieved September 27, 2021.
4. Fraser, David (November 19, 2022). "Elizabeth May to return as federal Green Party leader, sharing role on joint-ticket". globalnews.ca. Archived from the original on November 26, 2022.
5. "Historic Vote: Greens Choose Co-Leadership" (Press release). Green Party of Canada. February 4, 2025. Retrieved March 25, 2025.
6. Tasker, John Paul (February 2, 2022). "Conservative MPs vote to remove Erin O'Toole as leader". CBC News . Retrieved February 2, 2022.
7. Paas-Lang, Christian (March 13, 2022). "How the rules could help shape who becomes the next Conservative leader". CBC News . Retrieved March 14, 2022.
8. "Canada election live: Canadian PM Mark Carney calls snap election". BBC News. Retrieved March 23, 2025.
9. "Canada Elections Act" (PDF). Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) . Canada: House of Commons of Canada. March 20, 2024. p. 21765.
10. "Minister LeBlanc introduces legislation to further strengthen Canada's electoral process". CNW. March 20, 2024. Retrieved March 22, 2024.
11. Tumilty, Ryan (March 21, 2024). "New Liberal legislation would ensure dozens of MPs secure pensions before next election". National Post.
12. Aiello, Rachel (November 7, 2024). "Sparks fly as MPs question minister on pension implications of proposed election date change". CTV News. Retrieved December 8, 2024.
13. Aiello, Rachel (May 30, 2024). "NDP wants Liberals to scrap proposed election date change that could secure pensions for many MPs". CTV News. Retrieved December 8, 2024.
14. Aziz, Saba; Boynton, Sean; Rana, Uday (January 6, 2025). "Trudeau says he will resign after Liberals choose successor, prorogues Parliament". globalnews.ca. Global News . Retrieved January 6, 2025.
15. Bosc, Marc; Gagnon, André (June 2017). "The Parliamentary Cycle". ourcommons.ca. House of Commons of Canada . Retrieved January 6, 2025. Bills which have not received Royal Assent before prorogation are "entirely terminated" and, in order to be proceeded with in the new session, must be reintroduced as if they had never existed.
16. "Expelled by Liberals, Kevin Vuong wins Toronto riding and says he will keep the seat". National Post. September 23, 2021. Retrieved September 24, 2021.
17. Makarenko, Jay (January 30, 2008). "The Official Opposition in the Canadian House of Commons". re:politics. Retrieved March 27, 2025.
18. Munroe, Susan (February 27, 2019). "Selection and Role of Canada's Official Opposition". ThoughtCo. Retrieved March 27, 2025.
19. "Redistribution of Federal Electoral Districts 2022". Elections Canada. August 13, 2021. Retrieved August 16, 2021.
20. "Timeline for the Redistribution of Federal Electoral Districts". Elections Canada. August 12, 2021. Retrieved August 16, 2021.
21. "New House of Commons Seat Allocation" (Press release). Gatineau: Elections Canada. October 15, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
22. Woolf, Marie (March 24, 2022). "Liberals table bill to protect number of Quebec seats in Parliament, a condition of deal with NDP". National Post . Archived from the original on June 11, 2022. Retrieved March 25, 2022.
23. Levitz, Stephanie (March 24, 2022). "Liberal-NDP deal might change which riding you are in". Toronto Star . Archived from the original on March 24, 2022. Retrieved March 25, 2022.
24. "The representation formula". Elections Canada . 2022. Archived from the original on February 10, 2022. Retrieved March 26, 2022.
25. "C-14: An Act to amend the Constitution Act, 1867 (electoral representation)". Parliament of Canada . 2022. Archived from the original on March 24, 2022. Retrieved March 25, 2022.
26. "Constitution Act" (PDF). Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) . Canada: House of Commons of Canada. June 15, 2022. p. 6768.
27. "Constitution Act, 1867" (PDF). Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) . Canada: Senate of Canada. June 21, 2022. pp. 1773–1774.
28. "JOURNALS Thursday, June 23, 2022". ourcommons.ca. House of Commons of Canada. June 23, 2022. Retrieved June 24, 2022. A message was received informing the Commons that on June 23, at 10:28 p.m., Her Excellency the Governor General signified royal assent by written declaration to the following bills: Bill C-14, An Act to amend the Constitution Act, 1867 (electoral representation) — Chapter No. 6;
29. "New House of Commons Seat Allocation" (Press release). Gatineau: Elections Canada. July 8, 2022. Archived from the original on July 8, 2022. Retrieved July 8, 2022.
30. Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission (January 20, 2022). "Federal Electoral Boundaries Commissions Launch Redistribution Website and Social Media Accounts".
31. Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Newfoundland and Labrador. "Redistribution process timeline in Newfoundland and Labrador".
32. Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Prince Edward Island. "Redistribution process timeline in PEI".
33. Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Ontario. "Redistribution process timeline in Ontario".
34. Elections Canada. "Implementation of New Federal Electoral Boundaries".
35. Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission. "Timeline for the Redistribution of Federal Electoral Districts".
36. Proclamation declaring the Representation Order to be in Force effective on the First dissolution of Parliament that Occurs after May 1, 2014 , SI/2013-102 , reported in the Canada Gazette , Part II, Vol. 147, Extra, October 5, 2013
37. "Proclamation Issuing Election Writs" (PDF). Canada Gazette Part II. 149. August 4, 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 6, 2015. Retrieved October 22, 2015.
38. "Transposition of Votes from the 44th General Election to the 2023 Representation Orders" (PDF). elections.ca. Elections Canada. April 2024. Retrieved April 10, 2024.
39. "Additional Data". Transposition of Votes from the 44th General Election to the 2023 Representation Orders. Elections Canada . Retrieved March 17, 2025.
40. "Liberal minister Carolyn Bennett announces she will not stand for re-election". CTVNews. July 24, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
41. "Adam Zivo: Carolyn Bennett's exit is good news in the fight against opioid diversion". National Post. July 28, 2023. Retrieved January 26, 2024.
42. "Interim Conservative Leader Candice Bergen not running in next election: sources". CBC News . September 6, 2022.
43. Morneau, Ethan (December 4, 2024). "'Putting my health first': NDP MP Randall Garrison makes emotional resignation announcement". CHEK News. Retrieved March 25, 2025.
44. "The Hon. Marco Mendicino, P.C., M.P." Parlinfo.
45. Rana, Abbas (January 4, 2025). "If Trudeau announces he's stepping down, expect another cabinet shuffle, say Liberal sources". The Hill Times . Retrieved January 5, 2025.
46. Steven, Benjamin Lopez (January 11, 2025). "Transport Minister Anita Anand won't run for Liberal leadership, won't seek re-election". CBC News . Retrieved January 11, 2025.
47. Anand, Anita [@AnitaAnandMP] (January 11, 2025). "Please see my statement" (Tweet). Retrieved January 11, 2025– via Twitter.
48. Stephen (January 25, 2025). "3 more Trudeau cabinet ministers endorse Mark Carney for Liberal leader first-Benjamin Lopez" . Retrieved March 25, 2025.
49. Huras, Adam (January 24, 2025). "Wayne Long to seek re-election if Carney wins Liberal leadership". Telegraph-Journal . Retrieved January 25, 2025.
50. Ling, Justin (December 21, 2024). "Justin Ling: This new Liberal minister has a tiny window of time to ease the housing crisis. He just might do it". Toronto Star. Retrieved December 29, 2024.
51. Burke, Ashley (September 22, 2021). "Expelled Liberal candidate says he'll sit as an Independent as angry voters call for byelection". CBC News .
52. "Mississauga Liberal MP resigns to work for United Nations less than a year after re-election". Mississauga.com. May 19, 2022. Retrieved May 29, 2022.
53. "Sven Spengemann – Member of Parliament – Members of Parliament". House of Commons of Canada. Retrieved May 29, 2022.
54. "Liberal Charles Sousa wins federal byelection in Mississauga-Lakeshore, CBC News projects". CBC News . December 12, 2022. Retrieved December 12, 2022.
55. Connolly, Amanda; Boutilier, Alex. "Quebec MP Alain Rayes leaves Conservative caucus after Poilievre victory". Global News. Retrieved September 13, 2022.
56. Elections Canada (December 16, 2022). "A Federal Seat is Vacant in Winnipeg South Centre" . Retrieved March 12, 2023.
57. Elections Canada (January 5, 2023). "A Federal Seat is Vacant in Calgary Heritage" . Retrieved March 12, 2023.
58. Elections Canada (February 2, 2023). "A Federal Seat is Vacant in Oxford" . Retrieved March 12, 2023.
59. Elections Canada (March 2, 2023). "A By-Election Will Take Place in Portage–Lisgar" . Retrieved March 12, 2023.
60. Elections Canada (March 10, 2023). "A By-Election Will Take Place in Notre-Dame-de-Grâce–Westmount" . Retrieved March 12, 2023.
61. Catharine Tunney (March 22, 2023). "MP Han Dong leaving Liberal caucus, denies allegations of working against release of 2 Michaels". CBC News. Retrieved April 3, 2023.
62. "Carolyn Bennett, longtime Liberal MP and cabinet minister, stepping down | Globalnews.ca".
63. Merkowsky, Clare Marie (January 26, 2024). "Trudeau's former Justice Minister resigns from Parliament days after Emergencies Act ruling".
64. Kives, Bartley (February 28, 2024). "Winnipeg MP Daniel Blaikie resigning from Elmwood-Transcona seat to work for Manitoba premier". CBC News.
65. Paas-Lang, Christian (May 19, 2024). "Liberal MP John Aldag announces resignation, looks to run for provincial NDP in B.C."
66. Aiello, Rachel (September 27, 2021). "Annamie Paul resigns as Green Party leader". CTV News . Retrieved November 10, 2021.
67. "Annamie Paul officially quits as Green leader, will end membership in party". CBC News . November 10, 2021.
68. Thurton, David (November 16, 2021). "Green Party accepts Annamie Paul's resignation as leader". CBC News . Retrieved November 17, 2021.
69. Ballingall, Alex (November 15, 2021). "Green Party formally accepts Annamie Paul's resignation as leader". Toronto Star. Retrieved November 15, 2021.
70. Tasker, John Paul; Thibedeau, Hannah (November 15, 2021). "Conservative senator launches petition to oust Erin O'Toole as leader". CBC News . Retrieved November 17, 2021.
71. Tasker, John Paul; Thibedeau, Hannah; Dhanraj, Travis (November 16, 2021). "O'Toole kicks senator out of Conservative caucus after she questioned his leadership". CBC News . Retrieved November 17, 2021.
72. "Green Party appoints Amita Kuttner as Interim Leader". Green Party of Canada. November 24, 2021.
73. Woolf, Marie (November 25, 2021). "Greens pick astrophysicist Amita Kuttner as interim leader, 1st leader who is trans". CBC News . Retrieved November 25, 2021.
74. "Maxime Bernier Overwhelmingly Confirmed as PPC Leader by Membership". People's Party of Canada. December 5, 2021. Archived from the original on December 5, 2021.
75. Paas-Lang, Christian (December 5, 2021). "Maxime Bernier retains leadership of People's Party of Canada after review vote". CBC News . Retrieved December 5, 2021.
76. Aziz, Saba (February 2, 2022). "Conservatives elect Candice Bergen as interim party leader". Global News.
77. "Bergen advised against telling truckers to leave Ottawa, said protests should be made 'PM's problem'". CTVNews. February 3, 2022. Retrieved February 5, 2022.
78. "Canada's Trudeau strikes surprise deal to keep power until 2025". Reuters. March 22, 2022. Retrieved March 23, 2022.
79. "Constitution of the Green Party of Canada". Green Party of Canada. 2018. Retrieved November 15, 2021. Section 2.1.7.2
80. "Trudeau overhauls his cabinet, drops 7 ministers and shuffles most portfolios". CBC. July 26, 2023. Retrieved August 6, 2023.
81. St-Onge, Sébastien (September 27, 2023). "Louis Plamondon sera président intérimaire de la Chambre des communes" [Louis Plamondon will be interim Speaker of the House of Commons]. Radio-Canada (in French).
82. Tasker, John Paul (October 3, 2023). "Liberal MP Greg Fergus elected Speaker of the House of Commons". CBC. Retrieved February 11, 2024.
83. "Jagmeet Singh pulls NDP out of supply and confidence deal with Trudeau Liberals". September 4, 2024.
84. Tasker, John Paul (November 20, 2024). "Boissonnault out of cabinet after shifting claims about Indigenous heritage". CBC News. Retrieved December 17, 2024.
85. "Liberal government survives third Conservative non-confidence vote". Toronto Star . December 9, 2024.
86. Tasker, John Paul (December 16, 2024). "Chrystia Freeland resigns from Trudeau's cabinet and sources say Dominic LeBlanc will replace her". cbc.ca.
87. Ljunggren, David; Shakil, Ismail (December 16, 2024). "Canada finance minister quits after clash with Trudeau over Trump tariffs, spending". Reuters.
88. Al Mallees, Nojoud (December 16, 2024). "Liberal Housing Minister Sean Fraser resigns from Trudeau's cabinet, won't seek re-election". National Post . Retrieved December 16, 2024.
89. "Canada's Trudeau reshuffles cabinet amid persistent pressure to resign". Al Jazeera. December 20, 2024. Retrieved December 21, 2024.
90. Duggan, Kyle (January 15, 2025). "Tory organizer says Liberal leadership contest rules ensure a Freeland-Carney race". Toronto Star . Retrieved January 15, 2025.
91. Morrissette-Beaulieu, Félix (February 13, 2025). "Maxime Bernier se présentera de nouveau en Beauce" [Maxime Bernier to run again in Beauce]. Radio-Canada (in French). Retrieved February 14, 2025.
92. Lachance Nové, Fabrice (March 3, 2025). "Green Party of Canada Announces That Co-leader Jonathan Pedneault Will Be the Green Spokesperson in Leaders' Debates and Run in Outremont". Green Party of Canada . Retrieved March 12, 2025.
93. Aiello, Rachel (March 14, 2025). "Prime Minister Mark Carney vows to get 'straight to work,' presents pared-down cabinet". CP24. Retrieved March 14, 2025.
94. Fife, Robert (March 26, 2025). "Ousted Liberal MP Chandra Arya barred from running under party's banner over alleged ties to India". Globe and Mail. Retrieved March 26, 2025.
95. "Liberals revoke Chandra Arya's nomination, after removing him from leadership race". CBC News . March 21, 2025. Retrieved March 23, 2025.
96. "Mark Carney to run for seat in Ottawa's Nepean riding". CBC News . March 22, 2025. Retrieved March 22, 2025.
97. Cecco, Leyland (March 23, 2025). "Canada to head to polls as Mark Carney calls snap election for 28 April". The Guardian. ISSN   0261-3077 . Retrieved March 23, 2025.
98. Tumilty, Ryan; MacCharles, Tonda (March 18, 2025). "Mark Carney vows to keep 'Canada strong' against Donald Trump after Liberal leadership victory". Toronto Star . Retrieved March 23, 2025.
99. Lopez Steven, Benjamin (February 15, 2025). "Poilievre repudiates Trump's 51st state threats, pitches new policies at 'Canada First' rally". CBC News . Retrieved March 23, 2025.
100. Pirro, Raphaël (March 20, 2025). «Je choisis le Québec»: le Bloc Québécois lance son slogan de campagne électorale. Le Journal de Québec . Retrieved March 23, 2025.
101. "Canada's NDP". ndp.ca. New Democratic Party of Canada. Archived from the original on March 25, 2025. Retrieved March 25, 2025.
102. "CHANGE Vote for it". greenparty.ca. Green Party of Canada. Archived from the original on March 24, 2025. Retrieved March 25, 2025.
103. "Carney and Poilievre promise tax cuts on Day 1 of election campaign". CBC News . Retrieved March 24, 2025.
104. "Poilievre pledges $14B annual income tax cut, saving average worker $900 a year". CBC News . Retrieved March 24, 2025.
105. Oliver, Kenn (March 24, 2025). "Carney releases another Mike Myers video, this time without a citizenship quiz". National Post . Retrieved March 25, 2025.
106. "IBB Canadian International Office Supports Pierre Poilievre's Bid for Prime Minister |". boilermaker.ca. Retrieved March 24, 2025.
107. Baxter, David (March 25, 2025). "Singh acknowledges NDP faces 'massive challenges,' says he won't back down". Toronto Star. Retrieved March 26, 2025.
108. "CUPE Votes: Help us build a Canada that puts workers first". Canadian Union of Public Employees . March 24, 2025. Retrieved March 25, 2025.
109. Warren, Marty; Hume, Kim (March 20, 2025). "Jagmeet Singh and the NDP put workers first in this election – United Steelworkers". United Steelworkers . Retrieved March 22, 2025.
110. "Leaders' Debates Commission releases its final report on the 2021 federal election experience". Government of Canada . May 10, 2022. Retrieved March 24, 2023.
111. "Report finds 2021 federal election debates were clumsy and didn't help voters understand policy". CBC News . The Canadian Press. May 10, 2022. Retrieved March 24, 2023.
112. Tasker, John Paul (October 28, 2025). "TVO's Steve Paikin will host federal leaders' English-language election debate". CBC News . Retrieved March 23, 2025.
113. "Leaders' Debates Commission announces dates, location for upcoming debates, and leader participation decision date". debates-debats.ca. Ottawa (Ontario): Leaders' Debate Commission. March 24, 2025. Retrieved March 24, 2025.
114. Tunney, Catharine (March 24, 2025). "Federal leaders' debates scheduled for April 16-17 in Montreal". CBC News. Retrieved March 24, 2025.
115. Mulcair, Tom (March 25, 2025). "Someone in Carney's campaign made a bad call in pulling out of the TVA French debate". CTV News. Retrieved March 25, 2025.
116. Thériault, Jean-François (March 24, 2025). "Le débat de TVA est annulé après le retrait de Mark Carney" [TVA debate cancelled after withdrawal of Mark Carney]. ici.radio-canada.ca (in French). Canadian Broadcasting Corporation . Retrieved March 24, 2025.
117. Major, Darren (March 22, 2024). "Green co-leader Jonathan Pedneault to be face of party's national campaign". CBC News. Retrieved March 24, 2025.