43rd Parliament of Canada | |||
---|---|---|---|
Minority parliament | |||
5 December 2019 – 15 August 2021 | |||
Parliament leaders | |||
Prime Minister | Rt. Hon. Justin Trudeau 4 Nov 2015 – present | ||
Cabinet | 29th Canadian Ministry | ||
Leader of the Opposition | Hon. Andrew Scheer 27 May 2017 – 24 August 2020 | ||
Hon. Erin O'Toole 24 August 2020 – 15 August 2021 | |||
Party caucuses | |||
Government | Liberal Party | ||
Opposition | Conservative Party | ||
Recognized | Bloc Québécois | ||
New Democratic Party | |||
Independent Senators Group* | |||
Canadian Senators Group* | |||
Progressive Senate Group* | |||
Unrecognized | Green Party | ||
* Only in the Senate. | |||
House of Commons | |||
Seating arrangements of the House of Commons | |||
Speaker of the Commons | Hon. Anthony Rota 5 December 2019 – 27 September 2023 | ||
Government House Leader | Hon. Pablo Rodríguez 20 November 2019 – 26 October 2021 | ||
Opposition House Leader | Hon. Candice Bergen 15 September 2016 – 2 September 2020 | ||
Gérard Deltell 2 September 2020 – 7 February 2022 | |||
Members | 338 MP seats List of members | ||
Senate | |||
Seating arrangements of the Senate | |||
Speaker of the Senate | Hon. George Furey 3 December 2015 – 12 May 2023 | ||
Government Senate Rep. | Hon. Marc Gold 24 January 2020 – present | ||
Opposition Senate Leader | Hon. Don Plett 5 November 2019 – present | ||
Senators | 105 senator seats List of senators | ||
Sovereign | |||
Monarch | Elizabeth II 6 February 1952 – 8 September 2022 | ||
Governor General | HE Rt. Hon. Julie Payette 2 October 2017 – 23 January 2021 | ||
HE Rt. Hon. Richard Wagner as Administrator of Canada 23 January 2021 – 26 July 2021 | |||
HE Rt. Hon. Mary Simon 26 July 2021 – present | |||
Sessions | |||
1st session 5 December 2019 – 18 August 2020 | |||
2nd session 23 September 2020 – 15 August 2021 | |||
|
The 43rd Canadian Parliament was in session from December 5, 2019, to August 15, 2021, with the membership of its Lower House, the House of Commons of Canada, having been determined by the results of the 2019 federal election held on October 21, 2019. Parliament officially resumed on December 5, 2019, with the election of a new Speaker, Anthony Rota, followed by a speech from the throne the following day. On August 15, 2021, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau advised Governor General Mary Simon to dissolve Parliament and issue the writ of election, leading to a 5-week election campaign period for the 2021 federal election.
The first session of the 43rd Parliament opened on December 5, 2019, with the speech from the throne delivered by Governor General Julie Payette. Although several bills were introduced, the agenda was overtaken by the COVID-19 pandemic. Before Parliament implemented a five-week closure on March 13, 2020, the Canada–United States–Mexico Agreement Implementation Act was given all three Senate readings and royal assent in one day, the only non-appropriation bill adopted before the closure. [33] [34]
However, Parliament reconvened for one day, on March 24, 2020, to introduce and adopt the COVID-19 Emergency Response Act (Bill C-13) with unanimous consent. Among other provisions, the bill doubled the GST/HST credit for the 2019 tax year, added $300 to the May 2020 Canada Child Benefit, paused (for 6 months) repayments of Canada Student Loans, immediately transferred $500 million to the provinces, amended the Patent Act to allow government to use a patented invention without the permission until September 30 to respond to a public health emergency, and enacted the Canada Emergency Response Benefit Act and the Public Health Events of National Concern Payments Act. [35] They again reconvened for one day, on April 11, for the COVID-19 Emergency Response Act, No. 2 (Bill C-14) which replaced the previous bill's temporary wage subsidies with the expanded Canada Emergency Wage Subsidy program and extended it to September 30. [36] Similarly, the House of Commons reconvened on April 29 and the Senate on May 1 for the Canada Emergency Student Benefit Act (Bill C-15) to create the Canada Emergency Student Benefit and the Canada Student Service Grant. [37] After a failed attempt in June, [38] Parliament met again between July 20–22 for An Act respecting further COVID-19 measures (Bill C-20) which further extended and amended the Canada Emergency Wage Subsidy, provided a one-time $600 payment to persons with disabilities, and enacted the Time Limits and Other Periods Act (COVID-19). [39]
During that time, in spring and summer 2020, the Liberal Party had three Members of Parliament resign and the Conservative Party elected a new leader. Initiated after Andrew Scheer's December 2019 announcement of his impending resignation as leader, the Conservative Party leadership election resulted in Durham MP Erin O'Toole becoming the new party leader as of August 24. [40] [41] Marwan Tabbara of Kitchener South-Hespeler changed his affiliation to Independent in June upon the news release that the Guelph Police Service had charged him with counts of assault, criminal harassment, breaking and entering and committing an indictable offence relating to an incident that occurred in April. [42] [43] Effective September 1, York Centre MP Michael Levitt resigned to become President and CEO of the Canadian Friends of Simon Wiesenthal Centre for Holocaust Studies. [18] Effective August 17, Toronto Centre MP Bill Morneau resigned from his position as Canadian Finance Minister and his seat in Parliament reportedly due to his role in the WE Charity controversy and disagreements with Prime Minister Justin Trudeau over spending federal funds on managing COVID-19's economic impact. [44] The next day, upon naming Chrystia Freeland to replace Morneau as Finance Minister, the Prime Minister prorogued Parliament, ending the first session. [6] [15]
On 18 August 2020, Trudeau asked Governor-General Julie Payette to prorogue Parliament; she acceded to his request. [45] [6] [15] [46]
On September 18, 2020, Minister of Health Patty Hajdu accepted the resignation of Tina Namiesniowski, who was up until then president of the PHAC. Namiesniowski resigned 17 months into her five-year tenure, which had begun on May 6, 2019. Her resignation followed the resignation of Sally Thornton, Vice-president of the Health Security Infrastructure Branch who had been in charge of the pandemic early warning system and emergency stockpile, and who had resigned earlier in the week. [47] [48] Namiesniowski, who had been appointed as a "senior official" in the Privy Council Office, was replaced three days later by Iain Stewart, who was formerly at the NRC. [49]
On September 23, 2020, Parliament resumed with a new throne speech read by Governor General Payette. During this second session, Payette would resign following a workplace review of Rideau Hall. [50] The throne speech was followed by a separate televised address (at 6:30 p.m. EDT) from Prime Minister Trudeau. At the time of the speech, both the Leader of the Opposition O'Toole and Bloc Québécois leader Yves-François Blanchet were in quarantine after being infected with COVID earlier in the month. [51] The first two bills adopted (Bills C-4 and C-9), as well as Bill C-14 and C-24, provided further federal aid related to COVID-19. With the Canada Emergency Response Benefit ending, the bills created the Canada Recovery Benefit as an income support for those not eligible for employment insurance, in addition to the Canada Recovery Caregiving Benefit, the Canada Recovery Sickness Benefit and the Canada Emergency Rent Subsidy, and the bills extended the Canada Emergency Wage Subsidy to June 2021. [52] [53] [54] Bill C-14 directly transferred funds for Covid-related measures. [55]
Bill C-30 implemented the legislative items from the 2021 budget, including additional COVID-19 aid in the form of creating the Canada Recovery Hiring Program, extending both the Canada Emergency Wage Subsidy and Canada Emergency Rent Subsidy to the end of September, extending the Canada Recovery Benefit at a reduced rate, transferring $1 billion to provinces to help implement their immunization plans, and pausing the applicability of interest on federal student and apprentice loans to March 2023; Old Age Security was increased by 10% with a one-time payment of $500; the federal minimum wage was increased to $15.00 per hour; face masks and shields were added to the list of products exempted from GST/HST; GST/HST was made applicable to payments to foreign digital products or services such as streaming subscriptions or short-term accommodations; the Canada Health Transfer was increased by $4 billion. In addition, the same bill provided $2.2 billion in additional payments for infrastructure projects funded through the Gas Tax Fund while renaming it the Canada Community-Building Fund, provided $3 billion to the Hibernia project, increased the number of judges on federal courts, and reduced the number of hours (or the amount of earnings from self-employment) required to qualify for unemployment benefits. It also enacted the new Retail Payment Activities Act to regulate payment service providers. [56]
Addressing the federal government's relationship with Indigenous peoples, Bill C-15 adopted the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act, [57] while Bills C-5 and C-8 enacted call to actions 80 and 94 of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission making September 30 a public holiday titled National Day for Truth and Reconciliation [58] and amended the Oath of Citizenship to state "...I will faithfully observe the laws of Canada, including the Constitution, which recognizes and affirms the Aboriginal and treaty rights of First Nations, Inuit and Métis peoples, and fulfil my duties as a Canadian citizen." [59] Other legislation adopted during the second session included Bills C-7 and C-12, both adopted with NDP and Bloc support, to address court findings on the previous parliament's legalization of medical assistance in dying [60] and to fulfil Canada's commitment to Nationally Determined Contributions under the Paris Agreement for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Bills C-18 and C-29, both adopted with Conservative support, addressed the Brexit's impact on CETA [61] and ended the Port of Montreal strike. [62]
Six private member bills and one senate public bill received royal assent:
The 29th Canadian Ministry had continued from the 42nd Parliament. On November 20, 2019, a month after the election, the Prime Minister re-organized his cabinet to align with government priorities and replace members who had retired or been defeated. Chrystia Freeland was named Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs. Of those continuing on in their existing roles, Bill Morneau continued as Minister of Finance, David Lametti as Minister of Justice, Harjit Sajjan as Minister of National Defence, and Navdeep Bains as Minister of Innovation, Science and Industry. In shuffling existing cabinet ministers, Patty Hajdu became the new Minister of Health, François-Philippe Champagne the new Minister of Foreign Affairs, Jonathan Wilkinson the new Minister of Environment and Climate Change, Bernadette Jordan the new Minister of Fisheries and Oceans, Seamus O'Regan the new Minister of Natural Resources, and Bill Blair the new Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness. There were seven newcomers to cabinet including Dan Vandal becoming Minister of Northern Affairs, Marc Miller the Minister of Indigenous Services, and Steven Guilbeault the Minister of Canadian Heritage. [67]
With Morneau's resignation in August 2020, Freeland was moved over to become Minister of Finance, with the Ministry of Intergovernmental Affairs being returned to Dominic LeBlanc's portfolio. [68] With Navdeep Bains' January 2021 announcement that he would not be seeking reelection, he was replaced as Innovation Minister by François-Philippe Champagne, with Marc Garneau taking over Champagne's Minister of Foreign Affairs role, Omar Alghabra being promoted to cabinet to become the new Minister of Transport, and Jim Carr returning to cabinet (as a Minister without portfolio) after a 1 year absence to receive medical treatments. [69]
In the month before the 43rd Parliament convened, two new groups organized under the Rules of the Senate. The Independent Senators Group (ISG), whose members did not maintain membership with any other political party, continued from the previous parliament as the largest organized group. However, 7 of its members, along with 3 Conservative Party senators and one unaffiliated senator, had split-off to form the Canadian Senators Group which allowed its members to also be members of political parties but not be subject to a party whip. [70] Then on November 14, the Senate Liberal Caucus disbanded to form the Progressive Senate Group. [71] When 43rd Parliament convened on December 5, the senate consisted of 100 members, 51 belonging to the ISG, 24 caucusing with the Conservative Party, 13 with the Canadian Senators Group, 8 with the Progressive Senate Group, and 4 remaining non-affiliated. Senator Marc Gold left the ISG on January 24, 2020, to become the Representative of the Government in the Senate. [72] Of those who left the Senate during the 43rd Parliament, 10 had reached the mandatory retirement age, including the last remaining senator appointed by Brian Mulroney, 3 voluntarily resigned and two senators (Elaine McCoy and Judith Keating) [73] [74] died while in office. The Prime-Minister appointment two new senators on January 31, 2020: Judith Keating and legal ethicist Brent Cotter. [75] The next three appointments were made on June 22, 2021: lawyer Bernadette Clement, trade unionist Hassan Yussuff and executive of the Saint John Port Authority Jim Quinn. [76] Another 5 were appointed a month later, on July 29, 2021: Clément Gignac, Amina Gerba and Michèle Audette of Quebec, Mayor of Banff Karen Sorensen, and lawyer David Arnot. [77]
Affiliation | House members | Senate members | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2019 election results | At dissolution | Change | On election day 2019 | At dissolution | Change | ||
Liberal | 157 | 155 | 2 | – | – | ||
Conservative | 121 | 119 | 2 | 29 | 19 | 10 | |
Bloc Québécois | 32 | 32 | – | – | |||
New Democratic | 24 | 24 | – | – | |||
Green | 3 | 2 | 1 | – | – | ||
Independent | 1 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 13 | 6 | |
Independent Senators Group | – | – | 57 | 40 | 17 | ||
Senate Liberal Caucus | – | – | 9 | – | 9 | ||
Canadian Senators Group | – | – | – | 12 | 12 | ||
Progressive Senate Group | – | – | – | 11 | 11 | ||
Total members | 338 | 337 | 1 | 102 | 95 | 7 | |
Vacant | – | 1 | 1 | 3 | 10 | 7 | |
Total seats | 338 | 105 |
For background on the current representation, see:
Province / Territory | Number of MPs (ridings) [80] | Percentage of seats | '000s persons per MP (est. July 2019) [81] |
---|---|---|---|
Alberta | 34 | 10.1% | 128.6 |
British Columbia | 42 | 12.4% | 120.7 |
Manitoba | 14 | 4.1% | 97.8 |
New Brunswick | 10 | 3.0% | 77.7 |
Newfoundland and Labrador | 7 | 2.1% | 74.5 |
Northwest Territories | 1 | 0.3% | 44.8 |
Nova Scotia | 11 | 3.3% | 88.3 |
Nunavut | 1 | 0.3% | 38.8 |
Ontario | 121 | 35.8% | 120.4 |
Prince Edward Island | 4 | 1.2% | 39.2 |
Quebec | 78 | 23.1% | 108.8 |
Saskatchewan | 14 | 4.1% | 83.9 |
Yukon | 1 | 0.3% | 40.9 |
Canada (total/average) | 338 | 100% | 111.2 |
The officers of Parliament for the 43rd Parliament are set out below.
Date | District | Name | Party before | Party after | Reason | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
June 6, 2020 | Kitchener South—Hespeler | Marwan Tabbara | Liberal | Independent | Resigned from Liberal caucus after being charged with assault, break and enter and criminal harassment [82] [83] | ||
August 17, 2020 | Toronto Centre | Bill Morneau | Liberal | Vacant | Resigned to run for Secretary-General of the OECD [13] | ||
September 1, 2020 | York Centre | Michael Levitt | Liberal | Vacant | Resigned to become the president of the Canadian Friends of Simon Wiesenthal Centre for Holocaust Studies [84] | ||
October 26, 2020 | Toronto Centre | Marci Ien | Vacant | Liberal | Elected in a by-election [85] | ||
York Centre | Ya'ara Saks | Vacant | Liberal | ||||
November 9, 2020 | Don Valley East | Yasmin Ratansi | Liberal | Independent | Resigned from Liberal caucus after a CBC News investigation revealed she had violated parliamentary rules on nepotism [86] | ||
January 20, 2021 | Hastings—Lennox and Addington | Derek Sloan | Conservative | Independent | Expelled from the Conservative caucus for accepting a donation from white nationalist Paul Fromm as well as numerous other incidents | ||
January 25, 2021 | Brampton Centre | Ramesh Sangha | Liberal | Independent | Expelled from the Liberal caucus after making controversial comments about fellow MPs [87] | ||
May 11, 2021 | Haldimand—Norfolk | Diane Finley | Conservative | Vacant | Resigned [88] | ||
June 10, 2021 | Fredericton | Jenica Atwin | Green | Liberal | Changed affiliation in part due to party infighting [89] |
The party standings in the House of Commons have changed as follows:
Number of members per party by date | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Oct 21 | Jun 6 | Aug 17 | Sep 1 | Oct 26 | Nov 10 | Jan 20 | Jan 25 | May 11 | Jun 10 | ||
Liberal | 157 | 156 | 155 | 154 | 156 | 155 | 154 | 155 | |||
Conservative | 121 | 120 | 119 | ||||||||
Bloc Québécois | 32 | ||||||||||
New Democratic | 24 | ||||||||||
Green | 3 | 2 | |||||||||
Independent | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ||||||
Total members | 338 | 337 | 336 | 338 | 337 | ||||||
Government majority | -13 | -14 | -15 | -16 | -14 | -15 | -16 | -15 | -14 | ||
Vacant | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
Date | Name | Province | Affiliation before | Affiliation after | Reason | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
October 21, 2019 | André Pratte | Quebec (De Salaberry) | Independent Senators Group | vacant | Resigned | ||
November 2, 2019 | Paul McIntyre | New Brunswick | Conservative | Mandatory retirement | |||
November 4, 2019 | Doug Black | Alberta | Independent Senators Group | Canadian Senators Group | Joined new caucus group | ||
Robert Black | Ontario (Centre Wellington) | ||||||
Larry Campbell | British Columbia (Vancouver) | ||||||
Stephen Greene | Nova Scotia (Halifax — The Citadel) | ||||||
Diane Griffin | Prince Edward Island | ||||||
Elaine McCoy | Alberta (Calgary) | ||||||
Josée Verner | Quebec (Montarville) | ||||||
David Adams Richards | New Brunswick | Non-affiliated | |||||
Scott Tannas | Alberta | Conservative | |||||
Pamela Wallin | Saskatchewan | ||||||
Vernon White | Ontario | ||||||
November 6, 2019 | Richard Neufeld | British Columbia | vacant | Mandatory retirement | |||
November 7, 2019 | Diane Bellemare | Quebec (Alma) | Non-affiliated | Independent Senators Group | Changed affiliation | ||
November 14, 2019 | Jane Cordy | Nova Scotia | Senate Liberal Caucus | Progressive Senate Group | Joined new caucus group | ||
Dennis Dawson | Quebec (Lauzon) | ||||||
Joseph A. Day | New Brunswick (Saint John-Kennebecasis) | ||||||
Percy Downe | Prince Edward Island (Charlottetown) | ||||||
Lillian Dyck | Saskatchewan (North Battleford) | ||||||
Serge Joyal | Quebec (Kennebec) | ||||||
Sandra Lovelace Nicholas | New Brunswick | ||||||
Terry Mercer | Nova Scotia (Northend Halifax) | ||||||
Jim Munson | Ontario (Ottawa/Rideau Canal) | ||||||
November 18, 2019 | Percy Downe | Prince Edward Island (Charlottetown) | Progressive Senate Group | Canadian Senators Group | Changed affiliation | ||
Jean-Guy Dagenais | Quebec (Victoria) | Conservative | |||||
January 21, 2020 | Nicole Eaton | Ontario | vacant | Mandatory retirement | |||
January 24, 2020 | Joseph A. Day | New Brunswick (Saint John-Kennebecasis) | Progressive Senate Group | ||||
January 24, 2020 | Marc Gold | Quebec (Stadacona) | Independent Senators Group | Non-affiliated | Change in parliamentary group affiliation following appointment to Representative of the Government in the Senate | ||
January 31, 2020 | Raymonde Gagné | Manitoba | Change in parliamentary group affiliation following appointment as Legislative Deputy to the Government Representative | ||||
Patti LaBoucane-Benson | Alberta | Change in parliamentary group affiliation following appointment as Government Liaison | |||||
Brent Cotter | Saskatchewan | vacant | Non-affiliated | Appointed to Senate | |||
Judith Keating | New Brunswick | ||||||
February 1, 2020 | Serge Joyal | Quebec (Kennebec) | Progressive Senate Group | vacant | Mandatory retirement | ||
February 6, 2020 | Brent Cotter | Saskatchewan | Non-affiliated | Independent Senators Group | Changed affiliation | ||
Judith Keating | New Brunswick | ||||||
February 18, 2020 | David Tkachuk | Saskatchewan | Conservative | vacant | Mandatory retirement | ||
April 9, 2020 | Tom McInnis | Nova Scotia | |||||
April 24, 2020 | Grant Mitchell | Alberta | Non-affiliated | Resigned | |||
May 8, 2020 | Patricia Bovey | Manitoba | Independent Senators Group | Progressive Senate Group | Changed affiliation | ||
May 14, 2020 | Peter Harder | Ontario (Ottawa) | Non-affiliated | ||||
May 21, 2020 | Pierre Dalphond | Quebec (De Lorimier) | Independent Senators Group | ||||
July 8, 2020 | Wanda Thomas Bernard | Nova Scotia | |||||
August 24, 2020 | Lillian Dyck | Saskatchewan | Progressive Senate Group | vacant | Mandatory retirement | ||
September 2, 2020 | Marty Klyne | Saskatchewan | Independent Senators Group | Progressive Senate Group | Changed affiliation | ||
September 14, 2020 | Brian Francis | Prince Edward Island | |||||
Patrick Brazeau | Quebec (Repentigny) | Non-affiliated | |||||
November 11, 2020 | Norman Doyle | Newfoundland and Labrador | Conservative | vacant | Mandatory retirement | ||
December 29, 2020 | Elaine McCoy | Alberta | Canadian Senators Group | Death | |||
January 25, 2021 | Lynn Beyak | Ontario (Northwestern Ontario) | Non-affiliated | Resigned from Senate | |||
January 31, 2021 | Murray Sinclair | Manitoba | Independent Senators Group | ||||
March 1, 2021 | Margaret Dawn Anderson | Northwest Territories | Progressive Senate Group | Changed affiliation | |||
May 27, 2021 | Mike Duffy | Prince Edward Island (Cavendish) | vacant | Mandatory retirement | |||
June 22, 2021 | Bernadette Clement | Ontario | vacant | Non-affiliated | Appointed to Senate | ||
Hassan Yussuff | |||||||
Jim Quinn | New Brunswick | ||||||
July 14, 2021 | Jim Munson | Ontario | Progressive Senate Group | vacant | Mandatory retirement | ||
July 16, 2021 | Judith Keating | New Brunswick | Independent Senators Group | Death | |||
July 27, 2021 | Carolyn Stewart-Olsen | Conservative | Mandatory retirement | ||||
July 29, 2021 | David Arnot | Saskatchewan | vacant | Non-affiliated | Appointed to Senate | ||
Michèle Audette | Quebec | ||||||
Amina Gerba | |||||||
Clément Gignac | |||||||
Karen Sorensen | Alberta | ||||||
August 20, 2021 | Clément Gignac | Quebec | Non-affiliated | Progressive Senate Group | Changed affiliation | ||
August 27, 2021 | Linda Frum | Ontario | Conservative | vacant | Resigned | ||
September 2, 2021 | Amina Gerba | Quebec | Non-affiliated | Progressive Senate Group | Changed affiliation | ||
September 7, 2021 | Jim Quinn | New Brunswick | Canadian Senators Group | ||||
September 17, 2021 | David Arnot | Saskatchewan | Independent Senators Group | ||||
Diane Bellemare | Quebec (Alma) | Independent Senators Group | Progressive Senate Group |
Number of members per group by date | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Oct 21 | Nov 2 | Nov 4 | Nov 6 | Nov 7 | Nov 14 | Nov 18 | Jan 21 | Jan 24 | Jan 31 | Feb 1 | Feb 6 | Feb 18 | Apr 9 | Apr 24 | May 8 | May 14 | May 21 | Jul 8 | Aug 24 | Sep 2 | Sep 14 | Nov 11 | Dec 29 | Jan 25 | Jan 31 | Mar 1 | May 27 | Jun 22 | Jul 14 | Jul 16 | Jul 27 | Jul 29 | Aug 20 | Aug 27 | Sep 2 | Sep 7 | Sep 17 | ||||
Independent Senators Group | 57 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 50 | 48 | 50 | 49 | 48 | 47 | 46 | 44 | 43 | 42 | 41 | 40 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Conservative | 29 | 28 | 26 | 25 | 24 | 23 | 22 | 21 | 20 | 19 | 18 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senate Liberal Caucus | 9 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-affiliated | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Canadian Senators Group | 0 | 11 | 13 | 12 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Progressive Senate Group | 0 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total members | 102 | 101 | 100 | 99 | 98 | 100 | 99 | 98 | 97 | 96 | 95 | 94 | 93 | 92 | 91 | 90 | 93 | 92 | 91 | 90 | 95 | 94 | |||||||||||||||||||
Vacant | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 10 | 11 |
The Conservative Party of Canada, colloquially known as the Tories or simply the Conservatives, is a federal political party in Canada. It was formed in 2003 by the merger of the two main right-leaning parties, the Progressive Conservative Party and the Canadian Alliance, the latter being the successor of the Western Canadian–based Reform Party. The party sits at the centre-right to the right of the Canadian political spectrum, with their federal rival, the centre-left Liberal Party of Canada, positioned to their left. The Conservatives are defined as a "big tent" party, practising "brokerage politics" and welcoming a broad variety of members, including "Red Tories" and "Blue Tories".
Justin Pierre James Trudeau is a Canadian politician who has been serving as the 23rd prime minister of Canada since 2015 and the leader of the Liberal Party since 2013.
Cheryl Gallant is a Canadian politician who represents the riding of Renfrew—Nipissing—Pembroke in the House of Commons of Canada. She is a member of the Conservative Party of Canada. Along with fellow MP Scott Reid, they are the longest-serving current Conservative MPs, and the last two MPs still serving who were members of Canadian Alliance.
Andrew James Scheer is a Canadian politician who has served as the member of Parliament (MP) for Regina—Qu'Appelle since 2004. Scheer served as the 35th speaker of the House of Commons from 2011 to 2015, and was the leader of the Conservative Party and leader of the Official Opposition from 2017 to 2020.
Pierre Marcel Poilievre is a Canadian politician who has served as the leader of the Conservative Party of Canada and the leader of the Official Opposition since 2022. He has been a member of Parliament (MP) since 2004.
Colin Carrie is a Canadian politician. He is a current member of the House of Commons of Canada, representing the riding of Oshawa in the province of Ontario for the Conservative Party of Canada.
Blaine F. Calkins is a Conservative member of Parliament in the House of Commons of Canada. He has represented the riding of Red Deer—Lacombe in Alberta since 2015, having previously represented its predecessor, Wetaskiwin, since 2006.
Pablo Rodriguez is a Canadian-Argentine politician. He previously served as Canada's minister of Transport from 2023 to 2024, minister of Canadian Heritage, the Government Chief Whip, and Leader of the Government in the House of Commons. Additionally, he was his party's Quebec lieutenant from 2019 until 2024. He represents Honoré-Mercier in the House of Commons as an Independent.
Candice Marie Bergen is a Canadian politician who served as the member of Parliament (MP) for Portage—Lisgar in Manitoba from 2008 to 2023. She served as the interim leader of the Conservative Party and the leader of the Opposition from February 2, 2022 to September 10, 2022.
Erin Michael O'Toole is a former Canadian politician who served as the member of Parliament (MP) for Durham from 2012 to 2023. A member of the Conservative Party, O'Toole served as the party's leader and the leader of the Official Opposition from 2020 to 2022.
Han Peng Dong is a Canadian politician who is serving as the member of parliament (MP) for Don Valley North. Sitting as an independent, Dong was elected to the House of Commons in 2019 as a member of the Liberal Party. He previously served as the member of provincial parliament (MPP) for Trinity—Spadina from 2014 to 2018, with the Ontario Liberal Party. In March 2023, Dong stepped down from the Liberal caucus due to allegations that he advised the Chinese consul general in Toronto against the release of Michael Spavor and Michael Kovrig, and helped the consulate interfere in the 2019 federal election.
This is a timeline for the 42nd Canadian federal election, which took place in October 2015.
Marco Mendicino is a Canadian politician who has been the Member of Parliament for Eglinton—Lawrence in the House of Commons since 2015. He served as the Minister of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship from 2019 to 2021 and the Minister of Public Safety from 2021 to 2023.
The 42nd Canadian Parliament was in session from December 3, 2015, to September 11, 2019, with the membership of its lower chamber, the House of Commons of Canada, having been determined by the results of the 2015 federal election held on October 19, 2015, and thirty new appointees to its Upper House, the Senate of Canada. Parliament officially resumed on December 3, 2015, with the election of a new Speaker, Geoff Regan, followed by a Speech from the Throne the following day. The Speaker of the Senate of Canada was George Furey, who was appointed Speaker of the Canadian Senate on the advice of Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, to replace Leo Housakos, on December 3, 2015. On September 11, 2019, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau advised Governor General Julie Payette to dissolve Parliament and issue the writ of election, leading to a five-week election campaign period for the 2019 federal election. Significant legislation adopted during the 42nd Parliament included the Cannabis Act, the Greenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act, the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement Implementation Act, the Trans-Pacific Partnership Implementation Act, the Canada Infrastructure Bank Act, the Impact Assessment Act and Canadian Energy Regulator Acts, as well as the legalizing of medical assistance in dying and adding gender identity and expression to the list of prohibited grounds of discrimination in the Canadian Human Rights Act.
The 2019 Canadian federal election was held on October 21, 2019. Members of the House of Commons were elected to the 43rd Canadian Parliament. In keeping with the maximum four-year term under a 2007 amendment to the Canada Elections Act, the writs of election for the 2019 election were issued by Governor General Julie Payette on September 11, 2019.
Derek Nathaniel Sloan is a Canadian politician who represented the riding of Hastings—Lennox and Addington. Shortly after being elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 2019 Canadian federal election, Sloan ran as a candidate for the Conservative Party leadership in 2020 and was eliminated after the first ballot. He has received national news coverage for his controversial views on LGBTQ issues, and making allegedly racist remarks.
The 2021 Canadian federal election was held on September 20, 2021, to elect members of the House of Commons to the 44th Canadian Parliament. The writs of election were issued by Governor General Mary Simon on August 15, 2021, when Prime Minister Justin Trudeau requested the dissolution of parliament for a snap election.
The 45th Canadian federal election will take place on or before October 20, 2025, to elect members of the House of Commons to the 45th Canadian Parliament. The date of the vote is determined by the fixed-date provisions of the Canada Elections Act, which requires federal elections to be held on the third Monday in October in the fourth calendar year after the polling day of the previous election, though a current government bill proposes to postpone the date to October 27, 2025 to avoid conflicting with Diwali. In addition to the statutory fixed election date provisions, Canada has a constitutional requirement specified in both section 50 of the Constitution Act, 1867 and section 4 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms that elections for the House of Commons must be called no more than five years after the writs for the preceding election are returned.
The 44th Canadian Parliament is the session of the Parliament of Canada which began on 22 November 2021, with the membership of the House of Commons, having been determined by the results of the 2021 federal election held on 20 September. Parliament officially resumed on 22 November with the re-election of Speaker Anthony Rota, and the Speech from the Throne read by Governor General Mary Simon the following day.