| By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Winner | Party | Cause | Retained | 
|---|
|  New Westminster  | March 25, 1878 |  James Cunningham  |      |  Liberal  |  Thomas Robert McInnes  |      |  Independent  | Resignation | No | 
|  Northumberland  | February 5, 1878 |  Peter Mitchell  |      |  Independent  |  Peter Mitchell  |      |  Independent  | Resignation to re-contest after being accused of violating the Independence of Parliament Act by leasing a building to the government while he was a senator. | Yes | 
|  Halifax  | January 29, 1878 |  Alfred Gilpin Jones  |      |  Independent  |  Alfred Gilpin Jones  |      |  Independent  | Resignation to re-contest because of an alleged breach of the Independence of Parliament Act. | Yes | 
|  Digby  | January 19, 1878 |  William Berrian Vail  |      |  Liberal  |  John Chipman Wade  |      |  Conservative  | Resignation to re-contest due to conflict of interest allegations. | No | 
|  Restigouche  | January 12, 1878 |  George Moffat Sr.  |      |  Conservative  |  George Haddow  |      |  Independent  | Resignation | No | 
|  Nicolet  | December 18, 1877 |  Joseph Gaudet  |      |  Conservative  |  François-Xavier-Ovide Méthot  |      |  Independent Conservative  | Appointed to the Legislative Council of Quebec | No | 
|  Quebec East  | November 28, 1877 |  Isidore Thibaudeau  |      |  Liberal  |  Wilfrid Laurier  |      |  Liberal  | Resignation to provide a seat for Laurier. | Yes | 
|  Quebec-Centre  | November 3, 1877 |  Joseph-Édouard Cauchon  |      |  Conservative  |  Jacques Malouin  |      |  Independent  | Appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Manitoba. | No | 
|  Drummond—Arthabaska  | October 27, 1877 |  Wilfrid Laurier  |      |  Liberal  |  Désiré Olivier Bourbeau  |      |  Conservative  | Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Inland Revenue. | No | 
|  Gloucester  | July 2, 1877 |  Timothy Anglin  |      |  Liberal  |  Timothy Anglin  |      |  Liberal  | Resignation to re-contest after being found in violation of the Independence of Parliament Act for accepting government printing contracts, and being censured by the House of Commons Committee on Privilege. | Yes | 
|  Ottawa (City of)  | May 9, 1877 |  Joseph Merrill Currier  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  |  Joseph Merrill Currier  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  | Resignation to re-contest for having infringed the Independence of Parliament Act by conducting business dealings with the government while still a member. | Yes | 
|  Lincoln  | May 9, 1877 |  James Norris  |      |  Liberal  |  James Norris  |      |  Liberal  | Resigns in order to re-contest after acquiring a government contract. [1]  | Yes | 
|  Charlevoix  | March 23, 1877 |  Hector-Louis Langevin  |      |  Conservative  |  Hector-Louis Langevin  |      |  Conservative  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Kamouraska  | February 19, 1877 |  Charles Alphonse Pantaléon Pelletier  |      |  Liberal  |  Charles-François Roy  |      |  Conservative  | Called to the Senate. | No | 
|  Jacques Cartier  | December 28, 1876 |  Rodolphe Laflamme  |      |  Liberal  |  Rodolphe Laflamme  |      |  Liberal  | Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Inland Revenue. | Yes | 
|  Cardwell  | December 14, 1876 |  John Hillyard Cameron  |      |  Conservative  |  Dalton McCarthy  |      |  Conservative  | Death | Yes | 
|  Queen's County  | November 22, 1876 |  David Laird  |      |  Liberal  |  James Colledge Pope  |      |  Conservative  | Appointed Lieutenant-Governor of the North West Territories. | No | 
|  Bothwell  | November 15, 1876 |  David Mills  |      |  Liberal  |  David Mills  |      |  Liberal  | Recontested upon appointment as Minister of the Interior and Superintendent General of Indian Affairs. | Yes | 
|  Beauce  | October 18, 1876 |  Christian Henry Pozer  |      |  Liberal  |  Joseph Bolduc  |      |  Conservative  | Called to the Senate. | No | 
|  Victoria  | September 21, 1876 |  Barclay Edmund Tremaine  |      |  Liberal  |  Charles James Campbell  |      |  Conservative  | Appointed a County Court judge. | No | 
|  Glengarry  | July 31, 1876 |  Archibald McNab  |      |  Liberal  |  Archibald McNab  |      |  Liberal  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Ontario South  | July 5, 1876 |  Malcolm Cameron  |      |  Liberal  |  Thomas Nicholson Gibbs  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  | Death | No | 
|  Ontario North  | July 5, 1876 |  Adam Gordon  |      |  Liberal  |  William Henry Gibbs  |      |  Conservative  | Death | No | 
|  Wellington South  | July 5, 1876 |  David Stirton  |      |  Liberal  |  Donald Guthrie  |      |  Liberal  | Appointed Postmaster of Guelph. | Yes | 
|  Middlesex North  | June 7, 1876 |  Thomas Scatcherd  |      |  Liberal  |  Robert Colin Scatcherd  |      |  Liberal  | Death | Yes. | 
|  Two Mountains  | March 11, 1876 |  Charles Auguste Maximilien Globensky  |      |  Independent  |  Jean-Baptiste Daoust  |      |  Conservative  | Resignation | No | 
|  Charlevoix  | January 22, 1876 |  Pierre-Alexis Tremblay  |      |  Liberal  |  Hector-Louis Langevin  |      |  Conservative  | Election declared void. | No | 
|  Renfrew North  | January 21, 1876 |  William Murray  |      |  Liberal  |  Peter White  |      |  Conservative  | Election declared void. | No | 
|  Chambly  | January 7, 1876 |  Amable Jodoin  |      |  Liberal  |  Pierre Basile Benoit  |      |  Conservative  | Election declared void. | No | 
|  Argenteuil  | December 31, 1875 |  Lemuel Cushing, Jr.  |      |  Liberal  |  Thomas Christie  |      |  Liberal  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Quebec-Centre  | December 27, 1875 |  Joseph-Édouard Cauchon  |      |  Conservative  |  Joseph-Édouard Cauchon  |      |  Conservative  | Recontested upon appointment as President of the Privy Council. | Yes | 
|  Dorchester  | December 14, 1875 |  François Fortunat Rouleau  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  |  François Fortunat Rouleau  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Montreal Centre  | November 26, 1875 |  Bernard Devlin  |      |  Liberal  |  Bernard Devlin  |      |  Liberal  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Bellechasse  | November 23, 1875 |  Télesphore Fournier  |      |  Liberal  |  Joseph Goderic Blanchet  |      |  Conservative  | Appointed to the Supreme Court of Canada. | No | 
|  West Toronto  | November 6, 1875 |  Thomas Moss  |      |  Liberal  |  John Beverly Robinson  |      |  Conservative  | Appointed to the Court of Appeal of Ontario | No | 
|  Montreal West  | October 30, 1875 |  Frederick Mackenzie  |      |  Liberal  |  Thomas Workman  |      |  Liberal  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Victoria North  | September 17, 1875 |  James Maclennan  |      |  Liberal  |  Hector Cameron  |      |  Conservative  | Court overturns result of 1874 by-election and declared Cameron seated. | No | 
|  Gaspé  | July 10, 1875 |  Louis George Harper  |      |  Conservative  |  John Short  |      |  Conservative  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Glengarry  | July 7, 1875 |  Donald Alexander Macdonald  |      |  Liberal  |  Archibald McNab  |      |  Liberal  | Appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario. | Yes | 
|  Perth North  | July 7, 1875 |  Andrew Monteith  |      |  Conservative  |  Andrew Monteith  |      |  Conservative  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  York North  | June 29, 1875 |  Alfred Hutchinson Dymond  |      |  Liberal  |  Alfred Hutchinson Dymond  |      |  Liberal  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Monck  | June 22, 1875 |  Lachlin McCallum  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  |  Lachlin McCallum  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Napierville  | June 19, 1875 |  Sixte Coupal dit la Reine  |      |  Liberal  |  Sixte Coupal dit la Reine  |      |  Liberal  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Bruce South  | June 2, 1875 |  Edward Blake  |      |  Liberal  |  Edward Blake  |      |  Liberal  | Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Justice. | Yes | 
|  Toronto Centre  | May 21, 1875 |  Robert Wilkes  |      |  Liberal  |  John Macdonald  |      |  Liberal  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Hamilton  | May 20, 1875 |  Andrew Trew Wood and Aemilius Irving  |      |  Liberal  |  Aemilius Irving and Andrew Trew Wood  |      |  Liberal  | Double member constituency - elections declared void. | Yes | 
|  Victoria  | April 28, 1875 |  Charles James Campbell  |      |  Conservative  |  Barclay Edmund Tremaine  |      |  Liberal  | Campbell unseated by decision of the Supreme Court of Nova Scotia., 28 February 1875; Tremaine declared duly elected by decision of Election Court, 28 April 1875 | No | 
|  Provencher  | March 31, 1875 |  Louis Riel  |      |  Independent  |  Andrew Bannatyne  |      |  Liberal  | Unseated from the House of Commons and declared an outlaw, 25 February 1875 | No | 
|  Wellington North  | March 18, 1875 |  Nathaniel Higinbotham  |      |  Liberal  |  Nathaniel Higinbotham  |      |  Liberal  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Berthier  | February 27, 1875 |  Anselme-Homère Pâquet  |      |  Liberal  |  Edward Octavian Cuthbert  |      |  Conservative  | Called to the Senate. | No | 
|  Two Mountains  | February 26, 1875 |  Wilfrid Prévost  |      |  Liberal  |  Charles Auguste Maximilien Globensky  |      |  Independent  | Election declared void | No | 
|  Renfrew South  | February 20, 1875 |  John Lorn McDougall  |      |  Liberal  |  John Lorn McDougall  |      |  Liberal  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  London  | February 18, 1875 |  John Walker  |      |  Liberal  |  James Harshaw Fraser  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  | Election declared void | No | 
|  Huron South  | February 11, 1875 |  Malcolm Colin Cameron  |      |  Liberal  |  Thomas Greenway  |      |  Independent  | Election declared void. | No | 
|  Middlesex East  | January 28, 1875 |  Crowell Willson  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  |  Duncan Macmillan  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Halton  | January 25, 1875 |  Daniel Black Chisholm  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  |  William McCraney  |      |  Liberal  | Election declared void. | No | 
|  Toronto East  | January 18, 1875 |  John O'Donohoe  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  |  Samuel Platt  |      |  Independent  | Election declared void. | No | 
|  L'Assomption  | January 16, 1875 |  Hilaire Hurteau  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  |  Hilaire Hurteau  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Montreal Centre  | January 12, 1875 |  Michael Patrick Ryan  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  |  Bernard Devlin  |      |  Liberal  | Election declared void. | No | 
|  Chambly  | December 30, 1874 |  Pierre Basile Benoit  |      |  Conservative  |  Amable Jodoin  |      |  Liberal  | Election declared void. | No | 
|  Kingston  | December 29, 1874 |  John A. Macdonald  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  |  John A. Macdonald  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Simcoe North  | December 26, 1874 |  Herman Henry Cook  |      |  Liberal  |  Herman Henry Cook  |      |  Liberal  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Victoria North  | December 22, 1874 |  James Maclennan  |      |  Liberal  |  James Maclennan  |      |  Liberal  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Niagara  | December 22, 1874 |  Josiah Burr Plumb  |      |  Conservative  |  Josiah Burr Plumb  |      |  Conservative  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Victoria  | December 17, 1874 |  William Ross  |      |  Liberal  |  Charles James Campbell  |      |  Conservative  | Appointed to Collector of Customs at Halifax. | No | 
|  Colchester  | December 17, 1874 |  Thomas McKay  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  |  Thomas McKay  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Leeds North and Grenville North  | December 16, 1874 |  Charles Frederick Ferguson  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  |  Charles Frederick Ferguson  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Norfolk South  | December 16, 1874 |  John Stuart  |      |  Liberal  |  William Wallace  |      |  Conservative  | Election declared void. | No | 
|  Wellington Centre  | December 13, 1874 |  George Turner Orton  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  |  George Turner Orton  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Northumberland East  | December 12, 1874 |  James Lyons Biggar  |      |  Independent Liberal  |  James Lyons Biggar  |      |  Independent Liberal  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Joliette  | December 10, 1874 |  Louis François Georges Baby  |      |  Conservative  |  Louis François Georges Baby  |      |  Conservative  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Montreal West  | December 10, 1874 |  Frederick Mackenzie  |      |  Liberal  |  Frederick Mackenzie  |      |  Liberal  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Richmond—Wolfe  | December 4, 1874 |  Henry Aylmer  |      |  Liberal  |  Henry Aylmer  |      |  Liberal  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Northumberland West  | November 17, 1874 |  William Kerr  |      |  Liberal  |  William Kerr  |      |  Liberal  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Lincoln  | November 17, 1874 |  James Norris  |      |  Liberal  |  James Norris  |      |  Liberal  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Argenteuil  | November 4, 1874 |  John Abbott  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  |  Lemuel Cushing, Jr.  |      |  Liberal  | Election declared void. | No | 
|  Renfrew North  | November 4, 1874 |  Peter White  |      |  Conservative  |  William Murray  |      |  Liberal  | Election declared void. | No | 
|  Addington  | October 28, 1874 |  Schuyler Shibley  |      |  Conservative  |  Schuyler Shibley  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Digby  | October 26, 1874 |  Edwin Randolph Oakes  |      |  Liberal-Conservative  |  William Berrian Vail  |      |  Liberal  | Appointed to the Legislative Council of Nova Scotia. | No | 
|  Renfrew South  | October 24, 1874 |  John Lorn McDougall  |      |  Liberal  |  John Lorn McDougall  |      |  Liberal  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Essex  | October 22, 1874 |  William McGregor  |      |  Liberal  |  William McGregor  |      |  Liberal  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Cornwall  | October 20, 1874 |  Alexander Francis Macdonald  |      |  Liberal  |  Alexander Francis Macdonald  |      |  Liberal  | Election declared void. | Yes | 
|  Provencher  | September 3, 1874 |  Louis Riel  |      |  Independent  |  Louis Riel  |      |  Independent  | Expelled from the House of Commons | Yes | 
|  Marquette  | August 25, 1874 |  Robert Cunningham  |      |  Liberal  |  Joseph O'Connell Ryan  |      |  Liberal  | Death, Ryan awarded seat upon re-examination of votes cast. | Yes | 
|  Elgin East  | August 11, 1874 |  William Harvey  |      |  Liberal  |  Colin MacDougall  |      |  Liberal  | Death | Yes | 
|  Napierville  | August 4, 1874 |  Antoine-Aimé Dorion  |      |  Liberal  |  Sixte Coupal dit la Reine  |      |  Liberal  | Appointed Chief Justice of Quebec. | Yes | 
|  Verchères  | July 25, 1874 |  Félix Geoffrion  |      |  Liberal  |  Félix Geoffrion  |      |  Liberal  | Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Inland Revenue. | Yes | 
|  Oxford South  | May 23, 1874 |  Ebenezer Vining Bodwell  |      |  Liberal  |  James Atchison Skinner  |      |  Liberal  | Appointed Superintendent of the Welland Canal. | Yes | 
|  Durham West  | April 7, 1874 |  Edmund B. Wood  |      |  Liberal  |  Harvey William Burk  |      |  Liberal  | Appointed Chief Justice of Manitoba. | Yes |