| 12th Canadian Parliament | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Majority parliament | |||
| Nov. 15, 1911 – Oct. 6, 1917 | |||
| | |||
| Parliament leaders | |||
| Prime minister | Robert Borden Oct. 10, 1911 – Jul. 10, 1920 | ||
| Cabinet | 9th Canadian Ministry | ||
| Leader of the Opposition | Wilfrid Laurier 10 Oct. 1911 – 17 Feb. 1919 | ||
| Party caucuses | |||
| Government | Conservative Party & Liberal-Conservative | ||
| Opposition | Liberal Party | ||
| Crossbench | Labour | ||
| House of Commons | |||
| Seating arrangements of the House of Commons | |||
| Speaker of the Commons | Thomas Simpson Sproule 15 November 1911 – 2 December 1915 | ||
| Albert Sévigny 12 January 1916 – 7 January 1917 | |||
| Edgar Nelson Rhodes 18 January 1917 – 5 March 1922 | |||
| Senate | |||
| Speaker of the Senate | Auguste Landry 23 October 1911 – 2 June 1916 | ||
| Joseph Bolduc 3 June 1916 – 6 February 1922 | |||
| Government Senate leader | James Alexander Lougheed 10 October 1911 – 28 December 1921 | ||
| Opposition Senate leader | Richard John Cartwright 6 October 1911 – 24 September 1912 | ||
| George William Ross 24 September 1912 – 7 March 1914 | |||
| Hewitt Bostock 19 March 1914 – 1 January 1919 | |||
| Sovereign | |||
| Monarch | George V 6 May 1910 – 20 January 1936 | ||
| Governor general | Prince Arthur 13 Oct. 1911 – 11 Nov. 1916 | ||
| The Duke of Devonshire 11 Nov. 1916 – 11 Aug. 1921 | |||
| Sessions | |||
| 1st session 15 November 1911 – 1 April 1912 | |||
| 2nd session 21 November 1912 – 6 June 1913 | |||
| 3rd session 15 January 1914 – 12 June 1914 | |||
| 4th session 18 August 1914 – 22 August 1914 | |||
| 5th session 4 February 1915 – 15 April 1915 | |||
| 6th session 12 January 1916 – 18 May 1916 | |||
| 7th session 18 January 1917 – 20 September 1917 | |||
| |||
The 12th Canadian Parliament was in session from 15 November 1911 until 6 October 1917. The membership was set by the 1911 federal election on 21 September 1911, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1917 election. At 5 years, 10 months and 22 days, it was the longest parliament in Canadian history. The parliament was extended beyond the normal limit of five years by the British North America Act, 1916 as a result of World War I.
It was controlled by a Conservative/Liberal-Conservative majority under Prime Minister Sir Robert Borden and the 9th Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the Liberal Party, led by Wilfrid Laurier. The last year of the wartime parliament was dominated by the Conscription Crisis of 1917. At the end of the parliament, a new ministry, the Union Government, was formed by Borden as a wartime coalition government including Liberals. Laurier refused to join and those Liberals who supported Borden took the name Liberal-Unionists. The Union Government went on to win the 1917 federal election.
The Speaker was first Thomas Simpson Sproule, and later Albert Sévigny. See also List of Canadian electoral districts 1907-1914 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.
There were seven sessions of the 12th Parliament:
| Session | Start | End |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | 15 November 1911 | 1 April 1912 |
| 2nd | 21 November 1912 | 6 June 1913 |
| 3rd | 15 January 1914 | 12 June 1914 |
| 4th | 18 August 1914 | 22 August 1914 |
| 5th | 4 February 1915 | 15 April 1915 |
| 6th | 12 January 1916 | 18 May 1916 |
| 7th | 18 January 1917 | 20 September 1917 |
Following is a full list of members of the twelfth Parliament listed first by province, then by electoral district.
Key:
Electoral districts denoted by an asterisk (*) indicates that district was represented by two members.
| Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | No. of terms | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Calgary | Richard Bedford Bennett | Conservative | 1911 | 1st term | |
| Edmonton | Frank Oliver | Liberal | 1896 | 5th term | |
| Macleod | David Warnock | Liberal | 1911 | 1st term | |
| Medicine Hat | William Ashbury Buchanan | Liberal | 1911 | 1st term | |
| Red Deer | Michael Clark | Liberal | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Strathcona | James McCrie Douglas | Liberal | 1909 | 2nd term | |
| Victoria | William Henry White | Liberal | 1908 | 2nd term |
| Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | No. of terms | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comox—Atlin | Herbert Sylvester Clements | Conservative | 1904, [a] 1911 | 2nd term* | |
| Kootenay | Arthur Samuel Goodeve (until 4 May 1912 railway appointment) | Conservative | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Robert Francis Green (by-election of 30 May 1912) | Conservative | 1912 | 1st term | ||
| Nanaimo | Francis Henry Shepherd | Conservative | 1911 | 1st term | |
| New Westminster | James Davis Taylor | Conservative | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Vancouver City | Henry Herbert Stevens | Conservative | 1911 | 1st term | |
| Victoria City | George Henry Barnard | Conservative | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Yale—Cariboo | Martin Burrell (until 10 October 1911 ministerial appointment) | Conservative | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Martin Burrell (by-election of 4 November 1911) | Conservative |
| Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | No. of terms | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brandon | James Albert Manning Aikins | Conservative | 1911 | 1st term | |
| Dauphin | Robert Cruise | Liberal | 1911 | 1st term | |
| Lisgar | William Henry Sharpe | Conservative | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Macdonald | William D. Staples (until 10 April 1912 commissioner appointment) | Conservative | 1904 | 3rd term | |
| Alexander Morrison (by-election of 12 October 1912, until election voided 10 November 1913) | Conservative | 1912 | 1st term | ||
| Alexander Morrison (by-election of 13 December 1913) | Conservative | ||||
| Marquette | William James Roche (until 10 October 1911 Secretary of State appointment) | Conservative | 1896 | 5th term | |
| William James Roche (by-election of 27 October 1911) | Conservative | ||||
| Portage la Prairie | Arthur Meighen (until 26 June 1913 Solicitor General appointment) | Conservative | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Arthur Meighen (by-election of 19 July 1913) | Conservative | ||||
| Provencher | John Patrick Molloy | Liberal | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Selkirk | George Henry Bradbury | Conservative | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Souris | Frederick Laurence Schaffner | Conservative | 1904 | 3rd term | |
| Winnipeg | Alexander Haggart (resigned 11 October 1911) | Conservative | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Robert Rogers (by-election of 27 October 1911) | Conservative | 1911 | 1st term |
| Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | No. of terms | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| King's | James Joseph Hughes | Liberal | 1900, 1911 | 2nd term* | |
| Prince | James William Richards | Liberal | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Queen's* | Angus Alexander McLean | Conservative | 1904, 1911 | 2nd term* | |
| Donald Nicholson | Conservative | 1911 | 1st term |
| Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | No. of terms | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assiniboia | John Gillanders Turriff | Liberal | 1904 | 3rd term | |
| Battleford | Albert Champagne | Liberal | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Humboldt | David Bradley Neely | Liberal | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Mackenzie | Edward L. Cash | Liberal | 1904 | 3rd term | |
| Moose Jaw | William Erskine Knowles | Liberal | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Prince Albert | James McKay (until 16 December 1914 judicial appointment) | Conservative | 1911 | 1st term | |
| Samuel James Donaldson (by-election of 1 February 1915) | Conservative | 1915 | 1st term | ||
| Qu'Appelle | Levi Thomson | Liberal | 1911 | 1st term | |
| Regina | William Melville Martin | Liberal | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Saltcoats | Thomas MacNutt | Liberal | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Saskatoon | George Ewan McCraney | Liberal | 1908 | 2nd term |
| Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | No. of terms | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yukon | Alfred Thompson | Conservative | 1904, 1911 | 2nd term* |