12th Parliament of Canada | |||
---|---|---|---|
Majority parliament | |||
15 November 1911 – 6 October 1917 | |||
Parliament leaders | |||
Prime Minister | Robert Borden 10 Oct 1911 – 10 Jul 1920 | ||
Cabinet | 9th Canadian Ministry | ||
Leader of the Opposition | Wilfrid Laurier 10 Oct. 1911 – 17 Feb. 1919 | ||
Party caucuses | |||
Government | Conservative Party & Liberal-Conservative | ||
Opposition | Liberal Party | ||
Crossbench | Labour | ||
House of Commons | |||
Seating arrangements of the House of Commons | |||
Speaker of the Commons | Thomas Simpson Sproule 15 November 1911 – 2 December 1915 | ||
Albert Sévigny 12 January 1916 – 7 January 1917 | |||
Edgar Nelson Rhodes 18 January 1917 – 5 March 1922 | |||
Senate | |||
Speaker of the Senate | Auguste Landry 23 October 1911 – 2 June 1916 | ||
Joseph Bolduc 3 June 1916 – 6 February 1922 | |||
Government Senate Leader | James Alexander Lougheed 10 October 1911 – 28 December 1921 | ||
Opposition Senate Leader | Richard John Cartwright 6 October 1911 – 24 September 1912 | ||
George William Ross 24 September 1912 – 7 March 1914 | |||
Hewitt Bostock 19 March 1914 – 1 January 1919 | |||
Sovereign | |||
Monarch | George V 6 May 1910 – 20 January 1936 | ||
Governor General | Prince Arthur 13 Oct. 1911 – 11 Nov. 1916 | ||
The Duke of Devonshire 11 Nov. 1916 – 11 Aug. 1921 | |||
Sessions | |||
1st session 15 November 1911 – 1 April 1912 | |||
2nd session 21 November 1912 – 6 June 1913 | |||
3rd session 15 January 1914 – 12 June 1914 | |||
4th session 18 August 1914 – 22 August 1914 | |||
5th session 4 February 1915 – 15 April 1915 | |||
6th session 12 January 1916 – 18 May 1916 | |||
7th session 18 January 1917 – 20 September 1917 | |||
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The 12th Canadian Parliament was in session from 15 November 1911 until 6 October 1917. The membership was set by the 1911 federal election on 21 September 1911, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1917 election. At 5 years, 10 months and 22 days, it was the longest parliament in Canadian history. The parliament was extended beyond the normal limit of five years by the British North America Act, 1916 as a result of World War I.
It was controlled by a Conservative/Liberal-Conservative majority under Prime Minister Sir Robert Borden and the 9th Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the Liberal Party, led by Wilfrid Laurier. The last year of the wartime parliament was dominated by the Conscription Crisis of 1917. At the end of the parliament, a new ministry, the Union Government, was formed by Borden as a wartime coalition government including Liberals. Laurier refused to join and those Liberals who supported Borden took the name Liberal-Unionists. The Union Government went on to win the 1917 federal election.
The Speaker was first Thomas Simpson Sproule, and later Albert Sévigny. See also List of Canadian electoral districts 1907-1914 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.
There were seven sessions of the 12th Parliament:
Session | Start | End |
---|---|---|
1st | 15 November 1911 | 1 April 1912 |
2nd | 21 November 1912 | 6 June 1913 |
3rd | 15 January 1914 | 12 June 1914 |
4th | 18 August 1914 | 22 August 1914 |
5th | 4 February 1915 | 15 April 1915 |
6th | 12 January 1916 | 18 May 1916 |
7th | 18 January 1917 | 20 September 1917 |
Following is a full list of members of the twelfth Parliament listed first by province, then by electoral district. Party leaders are italicized. Parliamentary secretaries is indicated by "‡". Cabinet ministers are in boldface. The Prime Minister is both. The Speaker is indicated by "(†)".
Electoral districts denoted by an asterisk (*) indicates that district was represented by two members.
Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Calgary | Richard Bedford Bennett | Conservative | 1911 | |
Edmonton | Frank Oliver | Liberal | 1896 | |
Macleod | David Warnock | Liberal | 1911 | |
Medicine Hat | William Ashbury Buchanan | Liberal | 1911 | |
Red Deer | Michael Clark | Liberal | 1908 | |
Strathcona | James McCrie Douglas | Liberal | 1909 | |
Victoria | William Henry White | Liberal | 1908 |
Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Comox—Atlin | Herbert Sylvester Clements | Conservative | 1904, [lower-alpha 1] 1911 | |
Kootenay | Arthur Samuel Goodeve (until 4 May 1912 railway appointment) | Conservative | 1908 | |
Robert Francis Green (by-election of 30 May 1912) | Conservative | 1912 | ||
Nanaimo | Francis Henry Shepherd | Conservative | 1911 | |
New Westminster | James Davis Taylor | Conservative | 1908 | |
Vancouver City | Henry Herbert Stevens | Conservative | 1911 | |
Victoria City | George Henry Barnard | Conservative | 1908 | |
Yale—Cariboo | Martin Burrell (until 10 October 1911 ministerial appointment) | Conservative | 1908 | |
Martin Burrell (by-election of 4 November 1911) | Conservative |
Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Brandon | James Albert Manning Aikins | Conservative | 1911 | |
Dauphin | Robert Cruise | Liberal | 1911 | |
Lisgar | William Henry Sharpe | Conservative | 1908 | |
Macdonald | William D. Staples (until 10 April 1912 commissioner appointment) | Conservative | 1904 | |
Alexander Morrison (by-election of 12 October 1912, until election voided 10 November 1913) | Conservative | 1912 | ||
Alexander Morrison (by-election of 13 December 1913) | Conservative | |||
Marquette | William James Roche (until 10 October 1911 Secretary of State appointment) | Conservative | 1896 | |
William James Roche (by-election of 27 October 1911) | Conservative | |||
Portage la Prairie | Arthur Meighen (until 26 June 1913 Solicitor General appointment) | Conservative | 1908 | |
Arthur Meighen (by-election of 19 July 1913) | Conservative | |||
Provencher | John Patrick Molloy | Liberal | 1908 | |
Selkirk | George Henry Bradbury | Conservative | 1908 | |
Souris | Frederick Laurence Schaffner | Conservative | 1904 | |
Winnipeg | Alexander Haggart (resigned 11 October 1911) | Conservative | 1908 | |
Robert Rogers (by-election of 27 October 1911) | Conservative | 1911 |
Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Carleton | Frank Broadstreet Carvell | Liberal | 1904 | |
Charlotte | Thomas Aaron Hartt | Conservative | 1911 | |
City and County of St. John | John Waterhouse Daniel (resigned 17 October 1911) | Conservative | 1904 | |
John Douglas Hazen (by-election of 27 October 1911) | Conservative | 1891, 1911 | ||
City of St. John | William Pugsley | Liberal | 1904 | |
Gloucester | Onésiphore Turgeon | Liberal | 1900 | |
Kent | Ferdinand-Joseph Robidoux | Conservative | 1911 | |
King's and Albert | George William Fowler | Conservative | 1900, 1911 | |
Northumberland | William Stewart Loggie | Liberal | 1904 | |
Restigouche | James Reid | Liberal | 1900 | |
Sunbury—Queen's | Hugh Havelock McLean | Liberal | 1908 | |
Victoria | Pius Michaud | Liberal | 1907 | |
Westmorland | Henry Emmerson (died 9 July 1914) | Liberal | 1900 | |
Arthur Bliss Copp (by-election of 1 February 1915) | Liberal | 1915 | ||
York | Oswald Smith Crocket (until 11 December 1913 judicial appointment) | Conservative | 1904 | |
Harry Fulton McLeod (by-election of 31 December 1913) | Conservative | 1913 |
Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | |
---|---|---|---|---|
King's | James Joseph Hughes | Liberal | 1900, 1911 | |
Prince | James William Richards | Liberal | 1908 | |
Queen's* | Angus Alexander McLean | Conservative | 1904, 1911 | |
Donald Nicholson | Conservative | 1911 |
Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Assiniboia | John Gillanders Turriff | Liberal | 1904 | |
Battleford | Albert Champagne | Liberal | 1908 | |
Humboldt | David Bradley Neely | Liberal | 1908 | |
Mackenzie | Edward L. Cash | Liberal | 1904 | |
Moose Jaw | William Erskine Knowles | Liberal | 1908 | |
Prince Albert | James McKay (until 16 December 1914 judicial appointment) | Conservative | 1911 | |
Samuel James Donaldson (by-election of 1 February 1915) | Conservative | 1915 | ||
Qu'Appelle | Levi Thomson | Liberal | 1911 | |
Regina | William Melville Martin | Liberal | 1908 | |
Saltcoats | Thomas MacNutt | Liberal | 1908 | |
Saskatoon | George Ewan McCraney | Liberal | 1908 |
Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Yukon | Alfred Thompson | Conservative | 1904, 1911 |
Sir Robert Laird Borden was a Canadian lawyer and politician who served as the eighth prime minister of Canada from 1911 to 1920. He is best known for his leadership of Canada during World War I.
The 1917 Canadian federal election was held on December 17, 1917, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 13th Parliament of Canada. Described by historian Michael Bliss as the "most bitter election in Canadian history", it was fought mainly over the issue of conscription. The election resulted in Prime Minister Sir Robert Borden's Unionist government elected with a strong majority and the largest percentage of the popular vote for any party in Canadian history.
The 7th Canadian Parliament was in session from April 29, 1891, until April 24, 1896. The membership was set by the 1891 federal election on March 5, 1891. It was dissolved prior to the 1896 election.
The 4th Canadian Parliament was in session from 13 February 1879 until 18 May 1882. The membership was set by the 1878 federal election on 17 September 1878. It was dissolved prior to the 1882 election.
The 5th Canadian Parliament was in session from 8 February 1883, until 15 January 1887. The membership was set by the 1882 federal election on 20 June 1882. It was dissolved prior to the 1887 election. The 5th Canadian Parliament was controlled by a Conservative/Liberal-Conservative majority under Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald and the 3rd Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the Liberal Party, led by Edward Blake.
The 6th Canadian Parliament was in session from April 13, 1887, until February 3, 1891. The membership was set by the 1887 federal election on February 22, 1887. It was dissolved prior to the 1891 election.
The 8th Canadian Parliament was in session from August 19, 1896, until October 9, 1900. The membership was set by the 1896 federal election on June 23, 1896. It was dissolved prior to the 1900 election.
The 9th Canadian Parliament was in session from February 6, 1901, until September 29, 1904. The membership was set by the 1900 federal election on November 7, 1900. It was dissolved prior to the 1904 election.
The 10th Canadian Parliament was in session from January 11, 1905, until September 17, 1908. The membership was set by the 1904 federal election on November 3, 1904. It was dissolved prior to the 1908 election.
The 11th Canadian Parliament was in session from January 20, 1909, until July 29, 1911. The membership was set by the 1908 federal election on October 26, 1908, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1911 election.
The 13th Canadian Parliament was in session from March 18, 1918, until October 4, 1921. The membership was set by the 1917 federal election on December 17, 1917, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1921 election.
The 14th Canadian Parliament was in session from 8 March 1922 until 5 September 1925. The membership was set by the 1921 federal election on 6 December 1921, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until, due to momentary confusion among the MPs, it lost a money vote and was dissolved, causing the 1925 election.
The 15th Canadian Parliament was in session from 7 January 1926, until 2 July 1926. The membership was set by the 1925 federal election on 29 October 1925, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1926 election.
The 16th Canadian Parliament was in session from 9 December 1926, until 30 May 1930. The membership was set by the 1926 federal election on 14 September 1926, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1930 election.
The 17th Canadian Parliament was in session from 8 September 1930, until 14 August 1935. The membership was set by the 1930 federal election on 28 July 1930, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1935 election.
The 19th Canadian Parliament was in session from 16 May 1940, until 16 April 1945. The membership was set by the 1940 federal election on 26 March 1940, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1945 election.
The 20th Canadian Parliament was in session from 6 September 1945, until 30 April 1949. The membership was set by the 1945 federal election on 11 June 1945, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1949 election.
The 21st Canadian Parliament was in session from September 15, 1949, until June 13, 1953. The membership was set by the 1949 federal election on June 27, 1949, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1953 election.
The 24th Canadian Parliament was in session from May 12, 1958, until April 19, 1962. The membership was set by the 1958 federal election on March 31, 1958, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1962 election.
This article is the Electoral history of Sir Wilfrid Laurier, the seventh Prime Minister of Canada.